Permanent magnet synchronous clutch and two-gear gearbox

Abstract

A permanent magnet synchronous clutch is mainly composed of a gear hub, a joint sleeve, a synchronous gear ring, a clutch shaft, a bearing, a second-gear driving gear, a first-gear driving gear, a magnet and a gear shifting fork. According to the working principle, in the neutral gear, the gear shifting fork enables the joint sleeve to be located in the middle, at the moment, magnetic lines of force form a closed loop through the magnet, the gear hub and the joint sleeve, and no magnetic force exists between the synchronous gear ring and the magnet; and the joint sleeve is separated from the synchronous gear ring. Gear shifting: the gear shifting fork pushes the joint sleeve to move towards a certain synchronous gear ring along the gear hub, and the magnet on the joint sleeve is close to the synchronous gear ring; firstly, the synchronous teeth and the magnets on the joint sleeve attract each other to achieve synchronization; at the moment, magnetic lines of force form a closed loop through the magnet, the synchronous gear ring, the magnet and the joint sleeve; and then, the joint sleeve continues to move on the gear hub until the synchronous teeth are meshed with the joint sleeve teeth, and one-time gear shifting is completed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile gearbox, concretely to a permanent magnet synchronous clutch for gearbox gear shifting and two-gear gearbox. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electromagnetic toothed clutch is more and more applied to the electric automobile gearbox owing to simple mechanical structure and wide environmental adaptability, but the electromagnetic toothed clutch has high requirement for the control system, the rotational speed difference between the driving part and the driven part must be small enough when the clutch is combined, so as to eliminate the impact and make the gear shifting smooth, and the toothed clutch can overcome the friction and complete the separation under the action of the return spring force when the electromagnetic clutch transmits torque less than a certain value during the separation process of the clutch, the condition that the toothed clutch transmits torque less than a certain value is difficult to achieve stably considering the torque fluctuation factor of the power system, and the toothed clutch cannot be separated during switching, which will result in software failure and make the vehicle unable to run normally.

[0003] The utility model aims at overcoming the above technical insufficiency, and provides a novel synchronous clutch which realizes synchronization by magnetic force of a magnet and transmits power by mutual engagement of the driving part and the driven part, and controls two gears by one clutch, the clutch has the advantages of smooth combination, simple control, low cost and low energy consumption compared with the electromagnetic toothed clutch. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model discloses a structure mainly by tooth hub, joint cover, synchronous gear ring, clutch shaft, bearing, two -range driving gear, one -range driving gear, magnet and gear shifting fork are formed. The clutch shaft is in the shape of steps, and the spline is made on it, and one -range and two -range driving gear are installed on the clutch shaft through the bearing. The tooth hub is circular, and is made of steel; the inner circle is made with the spline, and the outer edge is made with the guide tooth groove, and the guide tooth groove is used for guiding when the joint cover slides on the tooth hub; the tooth hub is sleeved on the clutch shaft through the spline. The joint cover is cylindrical, and is made of steel, and the inner circle middle part is made with the joint cover tooth, and the outer circle middle part is made with the ring groove, and the joint cover tooth is used for cooperating with the guide tooth groove on the tooth hub, connects the joint cover and the tooth hub together, and makes the joint cover slide on the tooth hub, and the joint cover tooth can also be engaged with the synchronous gear ring on the synchronous tooth and transmit power; the joint cover tooth is evenly distributed, and when the magnet on the joint cover is opposite to the synchronous tooth, the joint cover tooth is opposite to the tooth groove of the synchronous tooth. The magnet is combined by multiple magnetic blocks, and is fixedly bonded on the inner circle of the joint cover, is located on the both sides of the joint cover tooth, and the adjacent magnetic blocks are opposite in polarity. The synchronous gear ring is circular, and is made of steel; the outer circle of the synchronous gear ring is made with a circle of synchronous teeth that are evenly distributed, and the synchronous tooth is used for attracting each other with the magnet on the joint cover to realize synchronization; the synchronous gear ring is fixed together with one -range and two -range driving gear through screw or interference fit. The gear shifting fork is located in the ring groove in the middle of the joint cover, and is used for pushing the joint cover to move and realize gear shifting; when shifting gears, the magnetic force between the magnet and the synchronous gear ring first makes the joint cover and the synchronous gear ring attract together, realizes synchronization, and then the joint cover tooth and the synchronous tooth are engaged together, and transmit power.

[0005] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is: active, driven part between no friction and wear, high reliability, simple structure, low cost, realize synchronization through magnetic force, and the smoothness of gear shifting is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] ATTACHED Figure 1 It is the structure diagram of the utility model, and the figure (1) joint cover, (2) synchronous tooth, (3) synchronous gear ring, (4) clutch shaft, (5) bearing, (6) two -range driving gear, (7) shell, (8) gear shifting fork, (9) joint cover tooth, (10) tooth hub, (11) one -range driving gear, (12) positioning sleeve, (13) end cover, (14) spline, (15) magnet, (16) guide tooth groove.

[0007] ATTACHED Figure 2 It is the structure diagram of two -range gearbox using permanent magnet synchronous clutch, and the figure shows:

[0008] (1) one driven gear, (2) output shaft, (3) output gear, (4) motor, (5) one driving gear, (6) shift fork, (7) screw, (8) gearbox shell, (9) transmission nut, (10) shift motor, (11) two driving gear, (12) input shaft, (13) permanent magnet synchronous clutch, (14) two driven gear, (15) one synchronous gear ring, (16) two synchronous gear ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] ATTACHMENT Figure 1 The clutch shaft (4) is stepped, and has splines (14) formed thereon; the toothed hub (10) is circular, is made of steel, and has splines (14) formed on the inner circle and guide tooth grooves (16) formed on the outer edge; the toothed hub (10) is sleeved on the clutch shaft (4) through the splines (14); the engagement sleeve (1) is cylindrical, is made of steel, has engagement sleeve teeth (9) formed on the middle part of the inner circle and a ring groove formed on the middle part of the outer circle; the engagement sleeve teeth (9) are used to cooperate with the guide tooth grooves (16) on the toothed hub (10) to connect the engagement sleeve (1) and the toothed hub (10) together, so that the engagement sleeve (1) can slide on the toothed hub (10); the engagement sleeve teeth (1) can also engage with the synchronous teeth (2) to transmit power; the engagement sleeve teeth (9) are uniformly distributed; when the magnets (15) on the engagement sleeve (1) are opposite to the synchronous teeth (2), the engagement sleeve teeth (9) are opposite to the tooth grooves of the synchronous teeth (2). The magnets (15) are composed of multiple magnetic blocks, are fixedly bonded on the inner circle of the engagement sleeve (1), are located on both sides of the engagement sleeve teeth (9), and have opposite polarities. The synchronous gear ring (3) is circular, is made of steel; the synchronous gear ring (3) has a circle of synchronous teeth (2) uniformly distributed on the outer circle; the synchronous teeth (2) are used to attract the magnets (15) on the engagement sleeve (1) to realize synchronization; the synchronous gear ring (3) and the gear (6, 11) are fixed together by screws or interference fit; the gear (6, 11) is installed on the clutch shaft (4) through a bearing (S). The shift fork (8) is located in the ring groove of the engagement sleeve (1) and is used to push the engagement sleeve (1) to move to realize gear shifting.

[0010] WORKING PRINCIPLE

[0011] The shift fork pushes the engagement sleeve to move to realize gear shifting.

[0012] NEUTRAL: The shift fork makes the engagement sleeve in the middle position; at this time, the magnetic force lines of the magnets form a closed loop through the magnets-toothed hub-engagement sleeve, and there is no magnetic force between the synchronous gear ring and the magnets; the engagement sleeve and the synchronous gear ring are separated, and there is no power transmission.

[0013] Shift: shift fork pushes the engagement sleeve along the gear hub to a certain direction of synchronous gear ring movement, the magnet on the engagement sleeve close to the synchronous gear ring; first, the synchronous teeth and the magnet attract each other to achieve synchronization; at this time, the magnetic field through the magnet-synchronous gear ring-magnet-engagement sleeve forms a closed loop; then, the engagement sleeve continues to move on the gear hub until the synchronous teeth and the engagement sleeve teeth are engaged, completing a shift; the power is transmitted by the synchronous teeth and the engagement sleeve teeth.

[0014] In addition to the above-mentioned permanent magnet synchronous clutch, the utility model also provides a two-gear gearbox, including motor, input shaft, one gear driving gear, two gear driving gear, permanent magnet synchronous clutch, output shaft, output gear, one gear driven gear, two gear driven gear, one gear synchronous gear ring, two gear synchronous gear ring, shift motor, shift fork, screw, gearbox shell and transmission nut.

[0015] The clutch used in the two-gear gearbox is the permanent magnet synchronous clutch described above, the input shaft of the two-gear gearbox and the clutch shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous clutch are the same shaft, the motor is connected with the clutch shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous clutch through spline, and the remaining structure refers to the prior art, which will not be described here.

[0016] Working principle:

[0017] One gear, the shift motor drives the screw to rotate, the transmission nut drives the shift fork to move along the screw shaft, and the shift fork pushes the engagement sleeve to move to the one gear synchronous gear ring direction; first, the magnetic force between the magnet and the one gear synchronous gear ring is generated, which connects the engagement sleeve and the one gear synchronous gear ring together and rotates synchronously; then, the engagement sleeve continues to move until the synchronous teeth and the engagement sleeve teeth are engaged, completing a shift; the power is transmitted by the synchronous teeth and the engagement sleeve teeth. The one gear power transmission route is motor→input shaft→permanent magnet synchronous clutch→one gear driving gear→one gear driven gear→output shaft→output gear.

[0018] Neutral gear, the shift motor rotates to make the engagement sleeve in the middle position, and the engagement sleeve is not engaged with the one gear synchronous gear and the two gear synchronous gear; the neutral gear is realized.

[0019] Two gears, the shift motor rotates to make the engagement sleeve in the position engaged with the two gear synchronous gear ring, and the two gears are realized. The two gear power transmission route is motor→input shaft→permanent magnet synchronous clutch→two gear driving gear→two gear driven gear→output shaft→output gear.

[0020] The above embodiment describes only the working principle of the utility model as a permanent magnet synchronous clutch and the working principle of the two-gear gearbox using the permanent magnet synchronous clutch. The utility model can also be used as a clutch for other light-load working machines.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous clutch, characterized by: The permanent magnet synchronous clutch is composed of a tooth hub, a joint sleeve, a synchronous tooth ring, a clutch shaft, bearings, a one-gear driving gear, a two-gear driving gear, magnets and a gear shifting fork.

2. A permanent magnet synchronous clutch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth hub is circular and made of steel; a spline is formed on the inner circle, and a guide tooth groove is formed on the outer edge, which is used for guiding the joint sleeve when it slides on the tooth hub; the tooth hub is sleeved on the clutch shaft through the spline.

3. A permanent magnet synchronous clutch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The joint sleeve is cylindrical and made of steel; a joint sleeve tooth is formed in the middle of the inner circle, and a ring groove is formed in the middle of the outer circle; the joint sleeve tooth is used to cooperate with the guide tooth groove on the tooth hub to connect the joint sleeve and the tooth hub together and enable the joint sleeve to slide on the tooth hub; the joint sleeve tooth can also engage with the synchronous tooth on the synchronous tooth ring to transmit power; the joint sleeve teeth are uniformly distributed, and when the magnets on the joint sleeve are opposite to the synchronous tooth, the joint sleeve teeth are opposite to the tooth groove of the synchronous tooth.

4. A permanent magnet synchronous clutch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnets are composed of multiple magnetic blocks and are fixed on the inner circle of the joint sleeve, located on both sides of the joint sleeve tooth, and the adjacent magnetic blocks have opposite polarities.

5. A permanent magnet synchronous clutch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous tooth ring is circular and made of steel; a circle of synchronous teeth is uniformly distributed on the outer circle of the synchronous tooth ring, which is used to attract the magnets on the joint sleeve to realize synchronization; the synchronous tooth ring is fixed together with the one-gear and two-gear driving gears by screws or interference fit.

6. A two-speed gearbox, characterised in that: The two-gear gearbox includes a motor, an input shaft, a one-gear driving gear, a two-gear driving gear, a permanent magnet synchronous clutch, an output shaft, an output gear, a one-gear driven gear, a two-gear driven gear, a one-gear synchronous tooth ring, a two-gear synchronous tooth ring, a gear shifting motor, a gear shifting fork, a lead screw, a gearbox shell and a transmission nut.

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