Circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of locomotive power supply detection control, and discloses a circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design, which comprises a redundancy switch module for switching an automatic control state and a manual control state of a power supply, a single chip microcomputer for receiving a control instruction of the single chip microcomputer, outputting A groups of power supply voltage and receiving the control instruction of the single chip microcomputer, the power supply circuit is used for outputting electric energy to the single chip microcomputer circuit and supplying power to a single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer circuit is used for collecting locomotive power supply data, analyzing the power supply data and outputting a device control instruction according to an analysis result; the output circuit is used for outputting a locomotive power supply; redundancy of the sensor power supply circuit is realized, and stability of locomotive power supply redundancy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of locomotive power supply detection and control, and discloses a circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design. Background Technology

[0002] During locomotive operation, numerous sensors detect various operating parameters, and the main control system analyzes and processes the detected data. Most of these sensors are active sensors, meaning they require an external power supply to acquire data. The power supply for these sensors typically uses DC voltages such as 24V, 15V, or 5V. The locomotive's internal power supply is 110V DC, requiring voltage conversion via a DC-DC converter module.

[0003] During locomotive operation, the proper functioning of sensors is crucial for the safe operation of the locomotive, and the proper functioning of sensors depends on a reliable power supply. Therefore, high reliability is particularly important for the locomotive power supply used for sensors.

[0004] To address the high reliability issues of locomotive power supplies during operation, this patent proposes a circuit for redundant design of locomotive power supplies, ensuring that the sensor's power supply remains in good working order during normal locomotive operation.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent application CN115459240A discloses a redundant microcomputer power supply for locomotives, which simultaneously supplies power to the locomotive microcomputer through a first power module and a second power module. The invention includes an input protection circuit to suppress external power surges and common-mode noise; a DC / DC power conversion circuit to convert the input power voltage; an output filter circuit to filter the power converted by the DC / DC power conversion circuit; and an output control circuit to prevent current backflow. This invention uses a first power module and a second power module with identical circuit structures to simultaneously supply power to the locomotive microcomputer. It solves the problem that in current locomotive microcomputer power supplies, the failure of one power source causes the microcomputer system to stop working, preventing the locomotive from moving. By providing power to the locomotive microcomputer through dual power sources simultaneously during operation, the reliability of the microcomputer power supply can be effectively improved.

[0006] The aforementioned utility model does not have a manual-automatic switching function, which greatly reduces the flexibility of locomotive power switching and makes it impossible to achieve automatic switching, thus reducing the reliability of the sensor power circuit. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the main objective of this utility model is to provide a circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design, comprising:

[0009] A redundant switch module is used to switch between automatic power control and manual control modes.

[0010] The control circuit includes a power control circuit A and a power control circuit B. The power control circuit A is used to receive control commands from the microcontroller and output the power voltage of the A group. The power control circuit B is used to receive control commands from the microcontroller and output the power voltage of the B group.

[0011] The power supply circuit is used to output electrical energy to the microcontroller circuit to power the microcontroller's operation.

[0012] The microcontroller circuit is used to collect locomotive power data, analyze the power data, and output device control commands based on the analysis results.

[0013] Output circuit, used to output power to the locomotive.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to this utility model, wherein:

[0015] The redundant switch module is connected to an aviation connector for external power input via the J1 pin header, and DC power is supplied through the J1 pin header.

[0016] The SW1 is equipped with a two-position, two-legged toggle switch. By toggling the SW1 switch, the power supply can be turned on or off.

[0017] The SW2 is equipped with a three-legged, two-position toggle switch, which can be used to select between manual and automatic operation.

[0018] The SW3 three-pronged two-position toggle switch is used to switch circuit A or select circuit B to operate.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to this utility model, wherein:

[0020] The power control circuit for group A includes a relay K2 for controlling the on / off state of the power supply for group A. The relay is controlled to turn on and off by controlling transistor Q2.

[0021] The DC-DC unit is identified as U5 and is used to convert 110V DC power into low-voltage power and output it to the sensor for normal operation.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to this utility model, wherein:

[0023] The power supply circuit includes a DC-DC conversion unit and a transformer circuit;

[0024] The DC-DC conversion unit is used to convert 110V DC power to 12V DC power.

[0025] The transformer circuit is used to convert 12V DC power to 5V.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to this utility model, wherein:

[0027] The microcontroller circuit includes a microcontroller, a crystal oscillator unit, a first voltage divider circuit, and a second voltage divider circuit.

[0028] The crystal oscillator unit includes an external crystal oscillator Y1, a first crystal oscillator capacitor C1, and a second crystal oscillator capacitor C2.

[0029] The first voltage divider circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor R1 and a second voltage divider resistor R2;

[0030] The first voltage divider circuit divides the voltage of the B group power supply and sends it to the microcontroller. If the voltage is abnormal, the microcontroller will cut off the corresponding circuit and automatically start the backup redundant circuit.

[0031] The second voltage divider circuit includes a third voltage divider resistor R3 and a fourth voltage divider resistor R4;

[0032] The second voltage divider circuit is used to divide the voltage of the A group power supply and send it to the microcontroller. If the voltage is abnormal, the microcontroller will cut off the corresponding circuit and automatically start the backup redundant circuit.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to this utility model, wherein:

[0034] The output circuit includes an external power supply cable J2, through which an external power supply powers the sensor.

[0035] The output circuit includes a fuse F2 to limit output overload;

[0036] The output circuit also includes a voltage value display meter MES1, which is used to display the locomotive power supply voltage value.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0038] This application achieves redundancy in the sensor power supply circuit by switching circuits in automatic mode. By switching between automatic and manual modes, redundancy in the sensor power supply circuit can be achieved through manual operation in the event of a circuit failure. By periodically switching between circuit modules, the reliability of the sensor power supply circuit is improved while achieving redundancy. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Among them:

[0040] Figure 1 This utility model provides a flowchart for the operation of a redundant power supply circuit for locomotives.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a circuit redundancy switch module for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to this utility model;

[0042] Figure 3 This utility model discloses a Group A power control circuit for a locomotive power redundancy design.

[0043] Figure 4 This utility model discloses a Group B power control circuit for a locomotive power redundancy design.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a microcontroller circuit for a locomotive power supply redundancy design according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a power circuit schematic diagram of a circuit for redundancy design of locomotive power supply according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the output circuit of a circuit for redundancy design of locomotive power supply according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0049] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the locomotive power redundancy flowchart includes:

[0052] The 110V DC power supply enters the locomotive's power redundancy system, and the control mode is selected according to the manual or automatic switch.

[0053] If it is a manual switch, the power output of group A is switched through the DC-DC unit via the manual switch circuit, or the power output of group B is switched through the DC-DC unit.

[0054] If it is an automatic switch, the power output of Group A is switched through the power control circuit of Group A, and the data collected by the power sensor is input into the microcontroller. The microcontroller determines whether the locomotive power needs to be switched and feeds back to the power control circuit of Group A.

[0055] Meanwhile, if the power output of Group B is switched through the Group B power control circuit and the data collected by the power sensor is input into the microcontroller, the microcontroller will determine whether the locomotive power needs to be switched and feed back to the Group B power control circuit.

[0056] In manual mode, switching between Group A and Group B power modules can be achieved by toggling the SW3 switch;

[0057] In automatic mode, by changing the output voltage of group A or group B (by applying an adjustable voltage), circuit switching between modules can be achieved when the voltage is greater than or less than a set threshold.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] A circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design includes:

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the redundant switch module is used to switch between automatic power control and manual control modes.

[0061] The redundant switch module is connected to an aviation connector for external power input via the J1 pin header, and DC power is supplied via the J1 pin header.

[0062] The SW1 is equipped with a two-position, two-legged toggle switch. By toggling the SW1 switch, the power supply can be turned on or off.

[0063] The SW2 is equipped with a three-legged, two-position toggle switch, which can be used to select between manual and automatic operation.

[0064] The SW3 three-pronged two-position toggle switch is set up. By toggling this switch, the operation of circuit A can be switched or the operation of circuit B can be selected.

[0065] In manual mode, switching between group A and group B power modules can be achieved by toggling switch SW3.

[0066] The J1 pin header is an aviation connector for external power input, through which 110V DC power is connected; SW1 is a two-pin, two-position toggle switch, which can be toggled to turn the power on or off; D1 is a unidirectional power silicon diode to prevent reverse power connection; F1 is a fuse to prevent overload of the main circuit current; V110 is a network label, indicating that in the actual PCB circuit, pins / wires with the same network label are interconnected; SW2 is a three-pin, two-position toggle switch, which can be toggled to select manual or automatic operation; SW3 is a three-pin, two-position toggle switch, which can be toggled to select whether conversion circuit A or conversion circuit B is working.

[0067] The power sensor is used to collect the locomotive power supply voltage. Therefore, in order to accurately reflect the actual value of the locomotive power supply voltage, it is necessary to supply power to the power sensor and use the value collected by the power sensor to reflect the locomotive power supply voltage value.

[0068] The control circuit includes a power control circuit A and a power control circuit B. The power control circuit A is used to receive control commands from the microcontroller and output the power voltage of the A group. The power control circuit B is used to receive control commands from the microcontroller and output the power voltage of the B group.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, the power control circuit for group A includes a relay K2 for controlling the on / off state of the power supply to group A. The relay is controlled to turn on and off by controlling the transistor Q2.

[0070] Furthermore, V110 is a network tag; K2 is a relay, controlling the power supply's on / off state; D3 is a bleeder diode, preventing the back electromotive force of the relay coil from burning out the control transistor; Q2 is a control transistor, controlling the relay's on / off state; R6 is a base resistor; CTRA is a network tag, the microcontroller's output control port; U5 is a DC-DC converter module, converting 110V DC power to a low-voltage power supply for sensor operation; D6 is a diode, providing output polarity protection; R7 and D4 form the output power indicator circuit.

[0071] The DC-DC unit is identified as U5 and is used to convert 110V DC power into low-voltage power and output it to the sensor to enable the sensor to work normally.

[0072] The power control circuit of group B is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, V110 is a network tag; K1 is a relay, controlling the power supply's on / off state; D2 is a bleeder diode, preventing the back electromotive force of the relay coil from burning out the control transistor; Q1 is a control transistor, controlling the relay's on / off state; R5 is a base resistor; CTRB is a network tag, the microcontroller's output control port; U3 is a DC-DC converter module, converting 110V DC power to a low-voltage power supply for sensor operation; D7 is a diode, providing output polarity protection; R8 and D5 form the output power indicator circuit.

[0073] In automatic mode, by changing the output voltage of group A or group B (by applying an adjustable voltage), circuit switching between modules can be achieved when the voltage is greater than or less than a set threshold.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] The microcontroller circuit is used to collect locomotive power data, analyze the power data, and output device control commands based on the analysis results.

[0076] The microcontroller circuit includes a microcontroller, a crystal oscillator unit, a first voltage divider circuit, and a second voltage divider circuit;

[0077] The crystal oscillator unit includes an external crystal oscillator Y1, a first crystal oscillator capacitor C1, and a second crystal oscillator capacitor C2;

[0078] It can automatically switch between modules according to a set time period, thereby improving circuit reliability;

[0079] The first voltage divider circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor R1 and a second voltage divider resistor R2;

[0080] The first voltage divider circuit divides the voltage of the B group power supply and sends it to the microcontroller. If the voltage is abnormal, the microcontroller will cut off the corresponding circuit and automatically start the backup redundant circuit.

[0081] The second voltage divider circuit includes a third voltage divider resistor R3 and a fourth voltage divider resistor R4;

[0082] The second voltage divider circuit is used to divide the voltage of the A group power supply and send it to the microcontroller. If the voltage is abnormal, the microcontroller will cut off the corresponding circuit and automatically start the backup redundant circuit.

[0083] The microcontroller automatically switches the locomotive power supply by setting a switching cycle;

[0084] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, U1 is a microcontroller responsible for data acquisition, data analysis, and device control; Y1 is an external crystal oscillator; C1 and C2 are crystal capacitors; C3 is a low-frequency filter capacitor; C4 is a high-frequency filter capacitor; R1 and R2 are voltage divider resistors that divide the voltage of the B group power supply before sending it to the microcontroller. If the voltage exceeds or falls below a set threshold, the microcontroller will cut off the corresponding circuit and automatically start the backup redundant circuit to ensure the normal operation of the sensor circuit; R3 and R4 are voltage divider resistors that divide the voltage of the A group power supply before sending it to the microcontroller. If the voltage exceeds or falls below a set threshold, the microcontroller will cut off the corresponding circuit and automatically start the backup redundant circuit to ensure the normal operation of the sensor circuit.

[0085] Example 4

[0086] The power supply circuit is used to output electrical energy to the microcontroller circuit to power the microcontroller's operation.

[0087] The power supply circuit includes a DC-DC converter unit and a transformer circuit;

[0088] The DC-DC converter unit is used to convert 110V DC power to 12V DC power.

[0089] The transformer circuit is used to convert 12V DC power to 5V.

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, the power supply circuit includes,

[0091] The output circuit is used to output the locomotive power supply. V110 is a network tag; U2 is a DC-DC conversion module that converts 110V to 12V DC power; U4 is an integrated circuit that converts 12V to 5V, such as 1117V-5.0V.

[0092] like Figure 7 As shown, the output circuit includes an external power supply cable J2, through which an external power supply powers the sensor.

[0093] The output circuit includes fuse F2 to limit output overload;

[0094] The output circuit also includes a voltage value display meter MES1, which is used to display the locomotive power supply voltage value;

[0095] Furthermore, J2 is an aviation connector for external power input, through which the power supply voltage powers the sensor; F2 is a fuse to prevent output overload; and MES1 is an output voltage display meter.

[0096] The selection of the core processing module architecture and parameter processing need to be specifically designed according to the specific implementation method. The above only provides one or more options and does not represent fixed parameter settings and system design.

[0097] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only two embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, variations in the size, dimensions, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc. For instance, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this utility model. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. Any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure performing the function described herein, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of this utility model. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0098] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the present invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to the implementation of the present invention) may be omitted.

[0099] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those of ordinary skill in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine task in design, manufacturing, and production without requiring extensive experimentation.

[0100] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A circuit for redundancy design of locomotive power supply, characterized in that, include: A redundant switch module is used to switch between automatic power control and manual control modes. The control circuit includes a power control circuit A and a power control circuit B. The power control circuit A is used to receive control commands from the microcontroller and output the power voltage of the A group. The power control circuit B is used to receive control commands from the microcontroller and output the power voltage of the B group. The power supply circuit is used to output electrical energy to the microcontroller circuit to power the microcontroller. The microcontroller circuit is used to collect locomotive power data, analyze the power data, and output device control commands based on the analysis results. Output circuit, used to output power to the locomotive.

2. The circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The redundant switch module is connected to an aviation connector for external power input via the J1 pin header, and DC power is supplied through the J1 pin header. The SW1 is equipped with a two-position, two-legged toggle switch. By toggling the SW1 switch, the power supply can be turned on or off. The SW2 is equipped with a three-legged, two-position toggle switch, which can be used to select between manual and automatic operation. The SW3 three-pronged two-position toggle switch is used to switch circuit A or select circuit B to operate.

3. The circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power control circuit for group A includes a relay K2 for controlling the on / off state of the power supply for group A. The relay is controlled to turn on and off by controlling transistor Q2. The DC-DC unit is identified as U5 and is used to convert 110V DC power into low-voltage power and output it to the sensor for normal operation.

4. The circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes a DC-DC conversion unit and a transformer circuit; The DC-DC conversion unit is used to convert 110V DC power to 12V DC power. The transformer circuit is used to convert 12V DC power to 5V.

5. A circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microcontroller circuit includes a microcontroller, a crystal oscillator unit, a first voltage divider circuit, and a second voltage divider circuit. The crystal oscillator unit includes an external crystal oscillator Y1, a first crystal oscillator capacitor C1, and a second crystal oscillator capacitor C2. The first voltage divider circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor R1 and a second voltage divider resistor R2; The first voltage divider circuit divides the voltage of the B group power supply and sends it to the microcontroller. If the voltage is abnormal, the microcontroller will cut off the corresponding circuit and automatically start the backup redundant circuit. The second voltage divider circuit includes a third voltage divider resistor R3 and a fourth voltage divider resistor R4; The second voltage divider circuit is used to divide the voltage of the A group power supply and send it to the microcontroller. If the voltage is abnormal, the microcontroller will cut off the corresponding circuit and automatically start the backup redundant circuit. The microcontroller automatically switches the locomotive power supply by setting a switching cycle.

6. The circuit for locomotive power supply redundancy design according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output circuit includes an external power supply cable J2, through which an external power supply powers the sensor. The output circuit includes a fuse F2 to limit output overload; The output circuit also includes a voltage value display meter MES1, which is used to display the locomotive power supply voltage value.

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