Relay driving circuit and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a relay driving circuit and energy storage equipment, the relay driving circuit comprises a driving power supply assembly, the driving power supply assembly comprises a high-voltage driving power supply and a low-voltage driving power supply, and the high-voltage driving power supply is connected with a first discharge switch tube; the delay driving assembly comprises a comparator, and the output end of the comparator is connected with the base electrode of the first discharge switch tube; the control circuit comprises a relay driving switch and a second discharge switch tube; the first end of the relay is connected with the collector of the first discharge switch tube, and the second end of the relay is connected with the collector of the second discharge switch tube. According to the scheme of the invention, extra requirements for control signals of a relay circuit are omitted, and the operation complexity of energy-saving control of the relay is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of relay technology, and more specifically, to a relay drive circuit and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, due to the hardware characteristics of relays, the pull-in voltage of a relay is higher than the voltage required for the relay to maintain its pull-in state. If a single power supply is used to power the relay, in order to ensure the reliability of the relay pull-in, the power supply voltage can only be selected to be higher than the pull-in voltage of the relay, and the power supply voltage of the relay should be reduced after the relay is pulled in.

[0003] In related technologies, such as Figure 3 As shown, the relay drive circuit 100 includes a relay switch 102 and a relay 104. It uses a pulse width modulation (PWM) wave with an adjustable duty cycle as the input signal to the relay switch 102. Taking advantage of the characteristic that the relay 104 coil can briefly engage when closed, a high duty cycle PWM wave is used during the engaging process, resulting in a high effective value of the supply voltage; a lower duty cycle PWM wave is used in the engaged state to reduce the effective value of the supply voltage. Or as... Figure 4 As shown, the relay drive circuit 200 includes a relay switch 204, a power switching switch 202, and a relay 206. When relay 206 is energized, the input signals corresponding to power switching switch 202 and relay switch 204 are simultaneously set high, providing high-voltage power to relay 206. When relay 206 is energized, the input signal corresponding to power switching switch 202 is set low, providing low-voltage power to relay 206. Existing technologies for relay energy-saving control have relatively complex signal inputs, requiring changes to the PWM duty cycle of the input signal corresponding to relay switch 102 or the addition of an additional power switching switch 202, increasing the manufacturing cost and ease of use of the relay drive circuit. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a relay drive circuit and an energy storage device that can solve the problem of complicated relay energy-saving control.

[0005] In view of this, an embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a relay driving circuit.

[0006] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an energy storage device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a relay driving circuit, comprising: a driving power supply assembly including a high-voltage driving power supply and a low-voltage driving power supply, wherein the high-voltage driving power supply is connected to a first discharge switch transistor, the emitter of the first discharge switch transistor is connected to the high-voltage driving power supply, the low-voltage driving power supply is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor, and the collector of the first discharge switch transistor is grounded; a delay driving assembly including a comparator, wherein the output terminal of the comparator is connected to the base of the first discharge switch transistor, and the negative input terminal of the comparator is connected to the high-voltage driving power supply; a control circuit including a relay driving switch and a second discharge switch transistor, wherein the positive input terminal of the comparator is connected to the relay driving switch, the relay driving switch is connected to the base of the second discharge switch transistor, and the emitter of the second discharge switch transistor is grounded; and a relay, wherein a first terminal of the relay is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor, and a second terminal of the relay is connected to the collector of the second discharge switch transistor.

[0008] The relay driving circuit proposed in this application mainly includes a driving power supply assembly, a time-delay driving assembly, a control circuit, and a relay. Specifically, the driving power supply assembly includes a high-voltage driving power supply and a low-voltage driving power supply. The high-voltage driving power supply provides voltage for the relay's activation process, ensuring rapid activation. The low-voltage driving power supply provides voltage for maintaining the relay in the activated state, reducing energy consumption during activation. The voltage of the high-voltage driving power supply is greater than that of the low-voltage driving power supply. A first discharge switch transistor controls the on / off state of the high-voltage driving power supply. The emitter of the first discharge switch transistor is connected to the high-voltage driving power supply, and the collector is connected to the low-voltage driving power supply and grounded. When the first discharge switch transistor is on, the relay is powered by the high-voltage driving power supply. When the first discharge switch transistor is off, the high-voltage driving power supply circuit is cut off, and the relay switches to low-voltage driving power supply, saving energy. The time-delay driving assembly includes a comparator used to compare voltage signals to control the first discharge switch transistor and determine its on or off state. Specifically, the comparator is connected to a relay drive switch via its positive input, a high-voltage drive power supply via its negative input, and a first discharge switch via its output. The comparator output level is flipped by changing the control signal of the relay drive switch. When the voltage at the positive input is greater than the voltage at the negative input, the comparator output flips from low to high, turning off the first discharge switch. The comparator's characteristic of comparing the voltages at the positive and negative inputs replaces the power switching signal to automatically switch the relay's drive power. The control circuit includes a relay drive switch and a second discharge switch. The relay drive switch, through high and low level control signals, enables the relay to perform energy-saving control and rapid shutdown. Specifically, when a high-level control signal is input to the relay drive switch, the comparator controls the first discharge switch to shut off, switching the relay from high-voltage to low-voltage power supply. When a low-level control signal is input, the second discharge switch is turned off, the drive power supply circuit is broken, and the relay immediately shuts off.

[0009] Both the first and second discharge switch transistors are transistors.

[0010] Understandably, the relay drive circuit proposed in this application, by using a time-delay drive component, discharges and cuts off the high-voltage drive power supply through a time-delay drive circuit and a comparator after the relay reaches the energized state, automatically completing the drive power switching in the energized state, thereby eliminating the need for additional power switching signals and reducing the complexity of energy-saving control of the relay in the energized state.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive power supply assembly also includes: a first diode, the anode of which is connected to a low-voltage drive power supply, and the cathode of which is connected to a first terminal of the relay; and a first supporting capacitor, the anode of which is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor, and the cathode of which is grounded.

[0012] The low-voltage drive power supply is connected to the first terminal of the relay via a first diode. The low-voltage drive power supply, connected in series with the first diode, is then connected to the first terminal of the relay coil to prevent circulating current between the high-voltage and low-voltage drive power supplies. Since the first terminal of the relay is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor, and the collector of the first discharge switch transistor is connected to the first supporting capacitor, and the high-voltage drive power supply is grounded through the first supporting capacitor, when the comparator output voltage flips to a high level and is transmitted to the base of the first discharge switch transistor, the first discharge switch transistor is turned off. The voltage at the connection between the first supporting capacitor and the first terminal of the relay decreases, and the circuit between the low-voltage drive power supply, the first diode, and the first terminal of the relay is completed. The relay completes the conversion from high-voltage to low-voltage drive voltage. The low-voltage drive power supply provides voltage for the relay's holding process after activation, thereby achieving energy-saving control. To ensure that the voltage during the relay activation process meets the activation requirements, a first supporting capacitor is added between the first terminal of the relay and the power ground. The first supporting capacitor is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply to provide energy for the relay's activation process.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive power supply assembly also includes: a ninth resistor, the first end of which is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply, and the second end of which is connected to the emitter of the first discharge switch transistor; a third resistor, the first end of which is connected to the output terminal of the comparator, and the second end of which is connected to the base of the first discharge switch transistor; and a first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the third resistor, and the second end of which is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply.

[0014] The high-voltage drive power supply is connected to the first discharge switch after being current-limited by the ninth resistor. The base of the first discharge switch is connected to the output terminal of the comparator through the third resistor. The functions of the ninth resistor and the third resistor are both current-limiting, limiting the current transmitted from the high-voltage drive power supply and the comparator to the first discharge switch. The first resistor is connected in parallel between the third resistor and the voltage divider circuit to shunt the current output by the high-voltage drive power supply and the comparator.

[0015] Furthermore, the delay drive component also includes: a delay drive circuit, which includes an eighth resistor and a second supporting capacitor; the first end of the eighth resistor is connected to the relay drive switch, and the second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the comparator; the positive terminal of the second supporting capacitor is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor, and the negative terminal of the second supporting capacitor is grounded.

[0016] The relay-driven switch is connected via the eighth resistor and then connected to the positive input of the comparator. Under the action of the second supporting capacitor, a resistor-capacitor delay circuit, i.e., a delay drive loop, is formed. The high-level control signal transmitted from the relay-driven switch causes the second supporting capacitor to charge under the action of the eighth resistor until the second supporting capacitor is fully charged. The potential difference across the second supporting capacitor reaches the voltage level corresponding to the high-level control signal, and a response signal corresponding to the high-level control signal is input to the positive input of the comparator. This results in the positive input of the comparator receiving a slowly rising voltage signal, the final value of which is equal to the voltage of the high-level control signal transmitted from the relay-driven switch.

[0017] Furthermore, the delay drive component also includes: a resistor voltage divider circuit, which includes a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor; the first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the comparator, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply; the first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, and the second end of the seventh resistor is grounded.

[0018] The resistor divider circuit uses resistors six and seven to form a voltage divider. The high-voltage drive power supply is connected to resistor six as the input voltage source, and resistor seven is grounded. The output voltage is transmitted to the negative input terminal of the comparator at the connection point of resistors six and seven. The resistor divider circuit limits the positive input voltage required for the comparator output to flip. Since the comparator compares the voltages input to the positive and negative input terminals, the comparator output is high when the positive input voltage is greater than the negative input voltage, and low when the positive input voltage is less than the negative input voltage. The control signal voltage received at the positive input terminal from the relay-driven switch is fixed, so the voltage at the negative input terminal of the comparator should not always be higher than the voltage at the positive input terminal. By adjusting resistors six and seven in the resistor divider circuit, the comparator can flip correctly. Additionally, the delay time can be adjusted using resistors six and seven. By adjusting the resistor divider circuit, the negative input voltage of the comparator is adjusted, and the positive input voltage required for the comparator output to flip must also be adjusted accordingly.

[0019] Furthermore, the negative terminal of the comparator's power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the second supporting capacitor, and the positive terminal of the comparator's power supply is connected to the second terminal of the sixth resistor.

[0020] The comparator's negative power supply terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the second supporting capacitor, thus grounding it. The positive power supply terminal is connected to the second terminal of the sixth resistor, thus connecting it to the high-voltage drive power supply, maintaining a powered-on operating state.

[0021] Furthermore, the control circuit also includes: a fourth resistor, the first end of which is connected to the relay drive switch, and the second end of which is connected to the base of the second discharge switch transistor; and a fifth resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, and the second end of which is connected to the emitter of the second discharge switch transistor.

[0022] The relay-driven switch is connected to the base of the second discharge switch transistor through the fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor is connected in parallel between the base of the second discharge switch transistor and the power supply ground to prevent the second discharge switch transistor from being turned on accidentally.

[0023] Furthermore, the relay includes: an electromagnetic coil, a first end of which is connected to the collector of a first discharge switch transistor, and a second end of which is connected to the collector of a second discharge switch transistor.

[0024] The relay driving circuit of this application controls the energizing state of the electromagnetic coil to achieve the closing and opening of the contact switch. When the electromagnetic coil of the relay is energized, the contact switch will be attracted by the magnetic field generated by the energized electromagnetic coil. Specifically, when the relay is in the initial state, the negative input terminal of the comparator obtains a divided voltage from the high-voltage driving power supply, and since there is no control signal transmitted from the relay driving switch at the positive input terminal of the comparator, the voltage value is zero. The comparator outputs a low level after voltage division to the first discharge switch tube, and the first discharge switch tube is turned on. However, the second discharge switch tube is in the cut-off state because there is no control signal transmitted from the relay driving switch, the electromagnetic coil of the relay is not energized, and the contact switch is open. When the first discharge switch tube is turned on and the control signal transmitted from the relay driving switch is high level, the base of the second discharge switch tube receives the control signal transmitted from the relay driving switch, and the second discharge switch tube is in the on state. The electromagnetic coil of the relay forms a circuit with the high-voltage driving power supply, achieving the energizing state, and causing the contact switch of the relay to close.

[0025] Furthermore, the relay also includes: a freewheeling diode, the negative terminal of which is connected to the first end of the electromagnetic coil, and the positive terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal of the cutoff Zener diode; and a cutoff Zener diode, which is connected in series between the freewheeling diode and the second end of the electromagnetic coil.

[0026] By connecting a freewheeling diode and a Zener diode in series at the first and second terminals of the relay's electromagnetic coil, when the relay's electromagnetic coil loses power from the energized state, a reverse electromotive force (EMF) is induced. If the reverse EMF is less than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode and the freewheeling diode, the freewheeling diode and the Zener diode will not break down, and no freewheeling will occur, and the relay will be immediately turned off. If the reverse EMF is greater than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode and the freewheeling diode, the freewheeling diode and the Zener diode will break down, and freewheeling will occur. The relay will turn off after a delay, but the freewheeling diode and the Zener diode, which have been broken down by the reverse EMF, will be clamped to an acceptable voltage, thereby protecting the transistor connected in series with the relay.

[0027] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, including an energy storage component and a relay drive circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0028] The relay drive circuit automatically switches the high-voltage drive power supply to the low-voltage drive power supply when the relay is in the energized state, reducing the electrical energy and heat consumed by the relay to maintain the energized state, thereby improving the energy storage efficiency of the energy storage component and the service life of the relay.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the topology of a relay drive circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the topology of a relay drive circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the relay drive circuit topology in the relevant technical solution is shown;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the relay drive circuit in the relevant technical solution is shown.

[0034] in, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0035] 1000: Relay drive circuit; 1002: Delay drive component; 1004: Drive power supply component; 1006: Control circuit; 1008: Relay; 2000: Comparator; 2002: Electromagnetic coil; 2004: Relay drive switch; 2006: Delay drive circuit; 2008: Resistor voltage divider circuit; V1: High voltage drive power supply; V2: Low voltage drive power supply; D1: First diode; R9: Ninth resistor; Q1: First discharge switch transistor; C1: First supporting capacitor; R3: Third resistor; R1: First resistor; R6: Sixth resistor; R7: Seventh resistor; R8: Eighth resistor; C2: Second supporting capacitor; D2: Freewheeling diode; D3: Cut-off Zener diode; Q2: Second discharge switch transistor; R4: Fourth resistor; R5: Fifth resistor; S1: Contact switch.

[0036] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0037] 100: Relay drive circuit one; 102: Relay switch one; 104: Relay one; 200: Relay drive circuit two; 202: Power switching switch; 204: Relay switch two; 206: Relay two. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of this application and the features within them can be combined with each other.

[0039] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, embodiments of this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present application provides a detailed description of a relay drive circuit and an energy storage device through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0041] This embodiment provides a relay driving circuit, such as the relay driving circuit 1000. Figure 1As shown, the system includes: a drive power supply assembly 1004, a delay drive assembly 1002, a control circuit 1006, and a relay 1008. The drive power supply assembly 1004 is connected to the first terminal of the relay 1008, and the second terminal of the relay 1008 is connected to the control circuit 1006. The control circuit 1006 is connected to the drive power supply assembly 1004 through the delay drive assembly 1002. Specifically, the emitter of the first discharge switch transistor Q1 is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply V1, the collector of the first discharge switch transistor Q1 is connected to the low-voltage drive power supply V2 and grounded, the base of the first discharge switch transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the comparator 2000, and the negative input terminal of the comparator 2000 is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply V1. The relay drive switch 2004 is connected to the base of the second discharge switch transistor Q2, and the relay drive switch 2004 is grounded through the emitter of the second discharge switch transistor Q2. The first terminal of the relay 1008 is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor Q1, and the second terminal of the relay 1008 is connected to the collector of the second discharge switch transistor Q2.

[0042] The relay drive circuit 1000 proposed in this application mainly includes a drive power supply assembly 1004, a delay drive assembly 1002, a control circuit 1006, and a relay 1008. Specifically, the drive power supply assembly 1004 includes a high-voltage drive power supply V1 and a low-voltage drive power supply V2. The high-voltage drive power supply V1 provides voltage for the relay 1008 during the closing process, ensuring that the relay 1008 can close quickly. The low-voltage drive power supply V2 provides voltage for the relay 1008 to maintain the closed state, reducing energy consumption in the closed state. The voltage of the high-voltage drive power supply V1 is greater than the voltage of the low-voltage drive power supply V2. The first discharge switch Q1 controls the on / off state of the high-voltage drive power supply V1. The emitter of Q1 is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply V1, and the collector is connected to the low-voltage drive power supply V2 and grounded. When Q1 is on, the relay 1008 is powered by the high-voltage drive power supply V1. When Q1 is off, the circuit of the high-voltage drive power supply V1 is cut off, and the relay 1008 is powered by the low-voltage drive power supply V2, saving energy. The delay drive assembly 1002 includes a comparator 2000, used to compare voltage signals to control the first discharge switch Q1 and determine its on or off state. Specifically, the comparator 2000 is connected to the relay drive switch 2004 via its positive input terminal, the high-voltage drive power supply V1 via its negative input terminal, and the first discharge switch Q1 via its output terminal. Changing the control signal of the relay drive switch 2004 causes the output level of the comparator 2000 to flip. When the voltage at the positive input terminal of comparator 2000 is greater than the voltage at the negative input terminal, the output voltage of comparator 2000 flips from low to high, controlling the first discharge switch Q1 to turn off. The comparator 2000's characteristic of comparing the voltages at the positive and negative input terminals to output a signal replaces the power switching signal to automatically switch the drive power supply of relay 1008. Control circuit 1006 includes relay drive switch 2004 and second discharge switch Q2. Relay drive switch 2004, through input high-level and low-level control signals, enables relay 1008 to perform energy-saving control and rapid turn-off. Specifically, when relay drive switch 2004 receives a high-level control signal, comparator 2000 controls the first discharge switch Q1 to turn off, switching relay 1008 from high-voltage drive power supply V1 to low-voltage drive power supply V2. When relay drive switch 2004 receives a low-level control signal, the second discharge switch Q2 is turned off, the circuit of drive power supply component 1004 is broken, and relay 1008 immediately turns off.

[0043] Among them, the first discharge switch Q1 and the second discharge switch Q2 are both transistors.

[0044] Optionally, the second discharge switch Q2 can also be a field effect transistor (FET), such as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), or simply MOS transistor. When an N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) switch is used, the gate of the NMOS transistor is connected to the relay drive switch 2004, the drain of the NMOS transistor is connected to the second terminal of the relay 1008, and the gate of the NMOS transistor is grounded.

[0045] Understandably, the relay drive circuit 1000 proposed in this application, by using the delay drive component 1002, after the relay 1008 reaches the energized state, completes the discharge cutoff of the high-voltage drive power supply V1 through the comparator 2000, so that the power supply of the drive power supply component 1004 is switched from the high-voltage drive power supply V1 to the low-voltage drive power supply V2, and automatically completes the drive power switching in the energized state, thereby eliminating the need for additional power switching signals and reducing the complexity of energy-saving control of the relay 1008 in the energized state.

[0046] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the drive power supply assembly 1004 further includes a first diode D1 and a first supporting capacitor C1, wherein the positive terminal of the first supporting capacitor C1 is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch Q1, the negative terminal of the first supporting capacitor C1 is grounded, and the low-voltage drive power supply V2 is connected to the first terminal of the relay 1008 through the first diode D1.

[0047] Specifically, the low-voltage drive power supply V2 is connected to the first terminal of the relay 1008 via the first diode D1. The low-voltage drive power supply V2 is connected in series with the first diode D1 and then to the first terminal of the relay 1008 coil to prevent circulating current between the high-voltage drive power supply V1 and the low-voltage drive power supply V2. Since the first terminal of the relay 1008 is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor Q1, and the collector of the first discharge switch transistor Q1 is connected to the first supporting capacitor C1, and the high-voltage drive power supply V1 is grounded through the first supporting capacitor C1, when the output voltage of the comparator 2000 flips to a high level and is transmitted to the base of the first discharge switch transistor Q1, the first discharge switch transistor Q1 is turned off. The voltage at the connection between the first supporting capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the relay 1008 decreases, and the circuit between the low-voltage drive power supply V2, the first diode D1, and the first terminal of the relay 1008 is connected. The relay 1008 completes the conversion from the high-voltage drive power supply V1 to the low-voltage drive voltage. The low-voltage drive power supply V2 provides voltage for the holding process after the relay 1008 is engaged, thereby achieving energy-saving control. To ensure that the voltage during the activation process of relay 1008 meets the activation requirements, a first supporting capacitor C1 is added between the first terminal of relay 1008 and the power ground. The first supporting capacitor C1 is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply V1 to provide energy for the activation process of relay 1008.

[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the drive power supply assembly 1004 further includes: a ninth resistor R9, a third resistor R3, and a first resistor R1. The high-voltage drive power supply V1 is connected to the first end of the ninth resistor R9, and the high-voltage drive power supply V1 is connected to the emitter of the first discharge switch Q1 through the ninth resistor R9. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the base of the first discharge switch Q1, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output of the comparator 2000. The first resistor R1 is connected across the third resistor R3 and the high-voltage drive power supply V1.

[0049] In this embodiment, the high-voltage drive power supply V1 is connected to the first discharge switch Q1 after being current-limited by the ninth resistor R9. The base of the first discharge switch Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the comparator 2000 through the third resistor R3. The functions of the ninth resistor R9 and the third resistor R3 are both current-limiting, limiting the current transmitted from the high-voltage drive power supply V1 and the comparator 2000 to the first discharge switch Q1. The first resistor R1 is connected in parallel between the third resistor R3 and the resistor divider circuit 2008 to shunt the current output by the high-voltage drive power supply V1 and the comparator 2000.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the delay drive assembly 1002 further includes a delay drive circuit 2006. Specifically, it is connected to the relay drive switch 2004 via an eighth resistor R8 and is also connected to the positive input terminal of the comparator 2000. Under the action of the second supporting capacitor C2, a resistor-capacitor delay circuit is formed, i.e., the delay drive circuit 2006. The positive terminal of the second supporting capacitor C2 is connected to the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8, the second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the relay drive switch 2004, and the delay drive circuit 2006 is grounded through the negative terminal of the second supporting capacitor C2. The high-level control signal from relay drive switch 2004 causes the second supporting capacitor C2 to charge under the action of the eighth resistor R8 until it is fully charged. The potential difference across the second supporting capacitor C2 reaches the voltage level corresponding to the high-level control signal, inputting a response signal corresponding to the high-level control signal to the positive input terminal of comparator 2000. This results in a slowly rising voltage signal at the positive input terminal of comparator 2000, the final value of which is equal to the voltage of the high-level control signal from relay drive switch 2004. The delay drive circuit 2006 delays the charging of the high-level control signal from relay drive switch 2004, ensuring that relay 1008 is fully engaged during use.

[0051] Understandably, a resistor-capacitance delay circuit (RC delay circuit) is formed by the eighth resistor R8 and the second supporting capacitor C2. The second supporting capacitor C2 gradually charges, delaying the high-level control signal transmitted from the relay drive switch 2004 to ensure that the electromagnetic coil 2002 reaches the energized state. This adjusts the voltage at the positive input terminal of the comparator 2000 connected to the delay drive circuit 2006 to be greater than the voltage at the negative input terminal, flipping the input voltage of the comparator 2000 to a high level. This disconnects the high-voltage drive power supply V1 circuit, and the drive power supply component 1004 switches to low-voltage drive power supply V2, achieving energy-saving control. The operator can adjust the voltage rise time of the RC delay circuit by setting the capacitance of the second supporting capacitor C2, ensuring that the relay 1008 is energized when the final voltage value reaches the voltage of the control signal transmitted by the relay drive switch 2004.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the delay drive component 1002 also includes a resistor voltage divider circuit 2008, which is composed of a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh resistor R7. The resistor voltage divider circuit 2008 is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply V1 through the sixth resistor R6. The sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 are connected in series to ground. The negative input terminal of the comparator 2000 is connected to the midpoint of the series connection of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7.

[0053] In this embodiment, the resistor divider circuit 2008 forms a voltage divider circuit through the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7. The high-voltage drive power supply V1 is connected to the sixth resistor R6 as the input voltage source, and the seventh resistor R7 is grounded. The output voltage is transmitted to the negative input terminal of the comparator 2000 at the connection of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7. The resistor divider circuit 2008 limits the positive input terminal voltage required for the comparator 2000 output to flip. Since the comparator 2000 can compare the voltages input to the positive and negative input terminals, when the positive input terminal voltage is greater than the negative input terminal voltage, the comparator 2000 outputs a high level, and when the positive input terminal voltage is less than the negative input terminal voltage, the comparator 2000 outputs a low level. The control signal voltage value received at the positive input terminal from the relay drive switch 2004 is fixed, so the voltage at the negative input terminal of the comparator 2000 should not always be higher than the voltage at the positive input terminal. By adjusting the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 in the resistor divider circuit 2008, the comparator 2000 can flip normally. Additionally, the delay time can be adjusted using the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7. By adjusting the resistor divider circuit 2008, the voltage at the negative input terminal of comparator 2000 is adjusted, and the voltage at the positive input terminal required for the output of comparator 2000 to flip must also be adjusted accordingly.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the negative terminal of the power supply of comparator 2000 is connected to the negative terminal of the second supporting capacitor C2, thus grounding it, and the positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the second end of the sixth resistor R6, thus connecting it to the high-voltage drive power supply V1, maintaining the energized operation state.

[0055] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the control circuit 1006 also includes a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5. The relay drive switch 2004 is connected to the base of the second discharge switch transistor Q2 through the fourth resistor R4, and the fifth resistor R5 is connected in parallel between the base of the second discharge switch transistor Q2 and the power supply ground to prevent the second discharge switch transistor Q2 from being turned on by mistake.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the relay 1008 includes: an electromagnetic coil 2002, the collector of the first discharge switch transistor Q1 is connected to the first end of the electromagnetic coil 2002, and the collector of the second discharge switch transistor Q2 is connected to the second end of the electromagnetic coil.

[0057] Specifically, the relay drive circuit 1000 controls the energizing state of the electromagnetic coil 2002 to achieve the closing and opening of the contact switch S1. When the electromagnetic coil 2002 of the relay 1008 is energized, the contact switch S1 will be attracted by the magnetic field generated by the energized electromagnetic coil 2002. Specifically, when the relay 1008 is in the initial state, the negative input terminal of the comparator 2000 obtains a divided voltage from the high-voltage drive power supply V1, and since the positive input terminal of the comparator 2000 does not receive the control signal transmitted by the relay drive switch 2004, the voltage value is zero. The comparator 2000 outputs a low-level voltage after voltage division to the first discharge switch Q1. When the first discharge switch Q1 is turned on, the second discharge switch Q2 is in the off state because there is no control signal transmitted by the relay drive switch 2004. The electromagnetic coil 2002 of the relay 1008 is not energized, and the contact switch S1 is open. When the first discharge switch Q1 is turned on and the control signal transmitted by the relay drive switch 2004 is high level, the base of the second discharge switch Q2 receives the control signal transmitted by the relay drive switch 2004, and the second discharge switch Q2 is turned on. The electromagnetic coil 2002 of the relay 1008 forms a circuit with the high-voltage drive power supply V1, and reaches the energized state, causing the contact switch S1 of the relay 1008 to close.

[0058] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the relay 1008 also includes a freewheeling diode D2 and a Zener diode D3. The freewheeling diode D2 and the Zener diode D3 are connected in series between the first end and the second end of the electromagnetic coil 2002. Specifically, the first end of the electromagnetic coil 2002 is connected to the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode D2, the positive terminal of the freewheeling diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the Zener diode D3, and the negative terminal of the Zener diode D3 is connected to the second end of the electromagnetic coil 2002.

[0059] In this embodiment, by connecting a freewheeling diode D2 and a Zener diode D3 in series at the first and second terminals of the electromagnetic coil 2002 of the relay 1008, when the electromagnetic coil 2002 of the relay 1008 loses power from the energized state, a reverse electromotive force is induced. When the reverse electromotive force is less than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode D3 and the freewheeling diode D2, the freewheeling diode D2 and the Zener diode D3 are not broken down, and no freewheeling occurs, and the relay 1008 is immediately turned off, achieving the purpose of rapid turn-off of the relay 1008. When the reverse electromotive force is greater than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode D3 and the freewheeling diode D2, the freewheeling diode D2 and the Zener diode D3 are broken down, and freewheeling occurs. The relay 1008 will turn off with a delay, but the freewheeling diode D2 and the Zener diode D3, whose reverse electromotive force has been broken down, are clamped to an acceptable voltage, thereby protecting the transistor connected in series with the relay 1008.

[0060] In one embodiment, this application relates to a relay control circuit (i.e., a relay drive circuit 1000), comprising:

[0061] The high-voltage drive power supply V1 is connected to the first terminal of the relay 1008 through the high-side power switch tube (i.e., the first discharge switch tube Q1).

[0062] The low-voltage drive power supply V2 is connected to the first terminal of the relay 1008 through the high-side power supply diode (i.e., the first diode D1).

[0063] The low-side power switch (i.e., the second discharge switch Q2) is connected at one end to the second terminal of relay 1008, and at the other end to the ground of the high and low voltage drive power supplies. The controlled terminal is connected to the relay control signal (i.e., the relay drive switch 2004).

[0064] The high-side power switch (i.e., the first discharge switch Q1) is connected at one end to the high-voltage drive power supply V1 and at the other end to the first terminal of relay 1008. The controlled terminal is connected to the delay drive circuit (i.e., the delay drive component 1002).

[0065] The delay drive circuit (i.e., delay drive component 1002) is a delay drive circuit (i.e., delay drive component 1002) composed of comparator 2000. The input terminal of the delay drive circuit (i.e., delay drive component 1002) is connected to the relay control signal (i.e., relay drive switch 2004), and the output terminal is connected to the controlled terminal of the high-side power switch transistor (i.e., the first discharge switch transistor Q1).

[0066] The delay drive circuit (i.e., delay drive component 1002) and the low-side power switch (i.e., second discharge switch Q2) work together. When the relay control signal (i.e., relay drive switch 2004) goes high, the low-side power switch (i.e., second discharge switch Q2) connects the second terminal of relay 1008 to the drive power ground. Initially, the delay drive circuit (i.e., delay drive component 1002) connects the high-voltage drive power supply V1 to the first terminal of relay 1008. At this time, the relay coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002) is powered by the high-voltage drive power supply V1, and relay 1008 is energized. After a delay period, under the action of the delay drive circuit (i.e., delay drive component 1002), the high-side power switch (i.e., first discharge switch Q1) is turned off, and relay 1008 switches from being powered by the high-voltage power supply (i.e., high-voltage drive power supply V1) to being powered by the low-voltage power supply (i.e., low-voltage drive power supply V2), achieving energy saving.

[0067] In this embodiment, the relay drive circuit 1000 controls the energization state of the relay coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002) to activate and deactivate the relay 1008. The two ends of the relay coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002) are the first end and the second end, respectively. The relay drive control circuit (i.e., relay drive circuit 1000) mainly includes a high-voltage drive power supply V1, a low-voltage drive power supply V2, a high-side power switch transistor (i.e., the first discharge switch transistor Q1), a low-side power switch transistor (i.e., the second discharge switch transistor Q2), a high-side power diode (i.e., the first diode D1), a freewheeling diode D2, and a freewheeling blocking Zener diode (i.e., the cutoff Zener diode D3).

[0068] The high-voltage drive power supply V1 provides voltage for the relay 1008 during its activation, while the low-voltage drive power supply V2 provides voltage for the relay 1008 during its holding period after activation. The high-voltage drive power supply V1, the current-limiting resistor (i.e., the ninth resistor R9), and the high-side power switch transistor (i.e., the first discharge switch transistor Q1) are connected in series to the first terminal of the relay coil (i.e., the electromagnetic coil 2002). The controlled terminal of the high-side power switch transistor (i.e., the first discharge switch transistor Q1) is connected to the output terminal of the delay drive circuit (i.e., the delay drive component 1002) through a resistor. The input terminal of the delay drive circuit (i.e., the delay drive component 1002) is connected to the relay control signal (i.e., the relay drive switch 2004). The low-voltage drive power supply V2 and the high-side power diode (i.e., the first diode D1) are connected in series to the first terminal of the relay coil (i.e., the electromagnetic coil 2002) to prevent circulating current between the high-voltage drive power supply V1 and the low-voltage drive power supply V2. The low-side power switch (i.e., the second discharge switch Q2) connects the second terminal of the relay 1008 to the power ground. The controlled terminal of the low-side power switch (i.e., the second discharge switch Q2) is connected to the relay control signal (i.e., the relay drive switch 2004) through a resistor. A resistor (i.e., the fifth resistor R5) can be connected in parallel between the controlled terminal of the switch and the power ground to prevent false triggering.

[0069] In this example, all switching transistors are selected as bipolar transistors, and the low-side power switch (i.e., the second discharge switch Q2) can also be a field-effect transistor.

[0070] Since relay 1008 requires a large amount of energy to engage, a supporting capacitor (i.e., first supporting capacitor C1) can be added between the first terminal of relay 1008 and the power ground to provide energy for the engagement process of relay 1008.

[0071] To achieve rapid turn-off of relay 1008, a circuit consisting of a cutoff Zener diode D3 and a freewheeling diode D2 can be connected in parallel across the relay coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002). The cathode of the Zener diode is connected to the second end of the relay coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002), and the anode is connected to the anode of the freewheeling diode D2. The cathode of the freewheeling diode D2 is connected to the first end of the relay coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002).

[0072] The delay drive circuit (i.e., delay drive component 1002) is mainly composed of a comparator 2000 and peripheral circuits (i.e., delay drive loop 2006 and resistor voltage divider circuit 2008). The inverting terminal of the comparator 2000 is connected to the midpoint of the high-side power supply resistor voltage divider network (i.e., resistor voltage divider circuit 2008), so that the inverting terminal obtains a voltage value lower than the control voltage of the relay 1008. The non-inverting terminal of the comparator 2000 is connected to the relay control signal (i.e., relay drive switch 2004) through an RC delay circuit (i.e., delay drive loop 2006), so that the non-inverting terminal obtains a slowly rising voltage signal, the final value of which is equal to the voltage of the relay control signal.

[0073] Specifically, when relay 1008 in this example is in its initial state, the inverting input of the delay drive circuit (i.e., delay drive component 1002) obtains a voltage from the resistor divider network (i.e., resistor divider circuit 2008) of the high-voltage drive power supply V1. At this time, the non-inverting input has zero voltage because there is no control signal input from relay 1008. The voltage at the inverting input of comparator 2000 is higher than the voltage at the non-inverting input, and comparator 2000 outputs a low level to the high-side power switch (i.e., the first discharge switch Q1). The high-side power switch (i.e., the first discharge switch Q1) is turned on, charging the supporting capacitor (i.e., the first supporting capacitor C1) to the high-side power supply voltage. Simultaneously, the low-side power switch (i.e., the second discharge switch Q2) is in the off state because there is no control signal from relay 1008. Although the first terminal of relay 1008 is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply V1, the circuit is not open because the second terminal of relay 1008 is not connected to ground, and relay 1008 is in the off state.

[0074] When the relay control signal (i.e., relay drive switch 2004) is input at a high level, the low-side power switch (i.e., the second discharge switch Q2) is first enabled. The coil of relay 1008 (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002) forms a circuit with the high-voltage power supply (i.e., high-voltage drive power supply V1), and relay 1008 is energized. Simultaneously, the control signal of relay 1008 slowly increases the voltage at the non-inverting input of the delay switch circuit through the RC resistor network (i.e., delay drive circuit 2006). After a period of time, when the voltage at the non-inverting input is greater than the voltage at the inverting input, the comparator 2000 output flips to a high level. The high-side power switch (i.e., the first discharge switch Q1) is turned off, and the circuit of the high-side power supply (i.e., high-voltage drive power supply V1) is cut off. Relay 1008 then switches to low-voltage power supply (i.e., low-voltage drive power supply V2) to achieve energy-saving control.

[0075] When you want to turn off relay 1008, set the relay control signal (i.e., relay drive switch 2004) to a low level. First, the low-side power switch (second discharge switch Q2) is turned off, and the circuit of the drive power supply (i.e., drive power supply assembly 1004) is cut off. The relay coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002) loses power supply and induces a reverse electromotive force. When the reverse electromotive force is higher than the sum of the breakdown voltages of the cutoff Zener diode D3 and the freewheeling diode D2, both diodes break down, the relay coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002) is short-circuited, and the energy of the reverse electromotive force is consumed. However, if the reverse electromotive force is less than the sum of the breakdown voltages of the cutoff Zener diode D3 and the freewheeling diode D2, the coil (i.e., electromagnetic coil 2002) will not freewheel, and relay 1008 will turn off immediately, achieving the purpose of rapid turn-off.

[0076] This application also provides an energy storage device, including an energy storage component and a relay drive circuit. The energy storage device automatically switches from a high-voltage drive power supply to a low-voltage drive power supply when the relay is engaged, reducing the electrical energy and heat consumed by the relay to maintain its engaged state, thereby improving the energy storage efficiency of the energy storage component and the service life of the relay. The relay drive circuit in the energy storage device implements the processes of the above embodiments and achieves the same technical effects; therefore, it will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0077] According to the relay drive circuit and energy storage device provided in this application, the energy-saving control objective of high-voltage activation and low-voltage maintenance of the relay can be achieved by a single relay control signal, eliminating the need for additional relay circuit control signals, reducing the operational complexity of relay energy-saving control and the manufacturing cost of the relay drive circuit, and enabling rapid relay shutdown.

[0078] In this application, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0079] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0081] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A relay drive circuit, characterized in that, include: A drive power supply assembly, comprising a high-voltage drive power supply and a low-voltage drive power supply, wherein the high-voltage drive power supply is connected to a first discharge switch transistor, the emitter of the first discharge switch transistor is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply, the low-voltage drive power supply is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor, and the collector of the first discharge switch transistor is grounded. A delay drive component, the delay drive component including a comparator, the output terminal of the comparator being connected to the base of the first discharge switch transistor, and the negative input terminal of the comparator being connected to the high voltage drive power supply; The control circuit includes a relay drive switch and a second discharge switch transistor. The positive input terminal of the comparator is connected to the relay drive switch, the relay drive switch is connected to the base of the second discharge switch transistor, and the emitter of the second discharge switch transistor is grounded. A relay, wherein a first terminal of the relay is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor, and a second terminal of the relay is connected to the collector of the second discharge switch transistor.

2. The relay drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive power supply assembly also includes: A first diode, the anode of which is connected to the low-voltage drive power supply, and the cathode of which is connected to the first terminal of the relay; The first supporting capacitor has its positive terminal connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor, and its negative terminal grounded.

3. The relay drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive power supply assembly also includes: The ninth resistor has its first end connected to the high-voltage driving power supply and its second end connected to the emitter of the first discharge switch transistor. The third resistor has its first end connected to the output terminal of the comparator and its second end connected to the base of the first discharge switch. A first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the third resistor, and the second end of which is connected to the high-voltage driving power supply.

4. The relay drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The delay driving component also includes: A delay drive circuit, the delay drive circuit including an eighth resistor and a second supporting capacitor; The first end of the eighth resistor is connected to the relay drive switch, and the second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the comparator. The positive terminal of the second supporting capacitor is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor, and the negative terminal of the second supporting capacitor is grounded.

5. The relay drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The delay driving component also includes: A resistor voltage divider circuit, wherein the resistor voltage divider circuit includes a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor; The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the comparator, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the high-voltage drive power supply. The first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, and the second end of the seventh resistor is grounded.

6. The relay drive circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The negative terminal of the comparator's power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the second supporting capacitor, and the positive terminal of the comparator's power supply is connected to the second end of the sixth resistor.

7. The relay drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit further includes: A fourth resistor, the first end of which is connected to the relay drive switch, and the second end of which is connected to the base of the second discharge switch transistor; The fifth resistor has its first end connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, and its second end connected to the emitter of the second discharge switch.

8. The relay drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay includes: An electromagnetic coil, wherein a first end of the electromagnetic coil is connected to the collector of the first discharge switch transistor, and a second end of the electromagnetic coil is connected to the collector of the second discharge switch transistor.

9. The relay drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay also includes: A freewheeling diode, wherein the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to the first end of the electromagnetic coil, and the positive terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to the positive terminal of the cut-off Zener diode; A Zener diode is connected in series between the freewheeling diode and the second terminal of the electromagnetic coil.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that, It includes an energy storage component and a relay drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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