Electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution. The structure comprises a flat plate and a runner plate, the flow channel plate and the flat plate are rectangular plates with consistent overall dimensions, a groove is formed in the flow channel plate through a stamping process, the flow channel plate and the flat plate are welded into a whole, a cooling liquid flow channel is formed between the stamping groove of the flow channel plate and the flat plate, and a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet which are communicated with the cooling liquid flow channel are formed in the liquid cooling plate; the cooling device is characterized in that the cooling liquid flow channels on the flow channel plate are arranged in different areas, branch flow channels with different section sizes are arranged in each area, and the branch flow channels are connected to a main flow channel in parallel, and the two ends of the main flow channel are communicated with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet respectively. According to the utility model, the flow of cooling liquid in different areas in the liquid cooling plate is controlled, and the purposes of improving the thermal management effect of the battery and the overall performance of the electric automobile and prolonging the service life of the battery are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle battery technology, specifically to a liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries that enables flow distribution. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the new energy electric vehicle market and the development of battery technology, the requirements for cell heat dissipation efficiency are gradually increasing. The power battery is the core component of new energy vehicles, and the battery's heat dissipation efficiency affects the vehicle's performance in terms of power and range to a certain extent.

[0003] The power batteries of new energy electric vehicles are generally lithium-ion batteries, composed of multiple individual cells, which have high energy density, long lifespan, and good charge-discharge performance. With technological advancements and increasing market demand, new energy vehicle power batteries are developing towards higher energy density, faster charging speeds, and longer lifespans, which means that the requirements for battery heat dissipation efficiency are also becoming increasingly stringent.

[0004] For new energy electric vehicles, the battery thermal management system (BTMS) mainly employs air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material cooling, and heat pipe cooling technologies, with liquid cooling being the mainstream. The core component of liquid cooling is the liquid cooling plate, which uses coolant in its channels to remove heat generated by the battery, maintaining the battery temperature within its optimal operating efficiency range (20℃-35℃). However, due to the arrangement of individual battery cells in the battery pack, the required coolant flow rate varies in different areas of the liquid cooling plate. Therefore, the liquid cooling plate structure needs to be optimized to achieve a reasonable distribution of coolant flow rate in different areas, thereby improving the overall performance of the electric vehicle and extending battery life. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries that enables flow distribution. The aim is to control the flow rate of coolant in different areas of the liquid cooling plate by setting up regional flow channels on the flow channel plate and designing the branch flow channels in each regional area as a loop-shaped coil structure with different width dimensions, thereby improving the battery thermal management effect, the overall performance of the electric vehicle, and extending the battery life.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries capable of flow distribution includes a flat plate and a flow channel plate. The flow channel plate and the flat plate are rectangular plates with the same outer dimensions. A groove is stamped into the flow channel plate, and the flow channel plate and the flat plate are welded together. A coolant flow channel is formed between the stamped groove of the flow channel plate and the flat plate. A coolant inlet and a coolant outlet communicating with the coolant flow channel are provided on the liquid cooling plate. The key feature is that the coolant flow channel on the flow channel plate is arranged in sections, and branch flow channels with different cross-sectional dimensions are provided in each section. The branch flow channels are connected in parallel to the main flow channel, which is connected to the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet at both ends, respectively.

[0008] The above-mentioned liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries that enables flow distribution includes a primary flow channel and a secondary flow channel; the primary flow channel is the inlet and outlet flow channel for each sub-region, which is a horizontal flow channel or a vertical direct flow channel; the secondary flow channel is a double flow channel structure with a spiral shape.

[0009] The above-mentioned liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries that enables flow distribution has six flow channels on the flow channel plate. The first, second, and third flow channel regions are located at the front of the flow channel plate and are arranged from left to right in a horizontal direction. The fourth, fifth, and sixth flow channel regions are located at the rear of the flow channel plate and are arranged from left to right in a horizontal direction. The coolant inlet and coolant outlet are located at the front end of the flow channel plate and are arranged symmetrically from left to right.

[0010] The above-mentioned liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries that enables flow distribution has the following characteristics: the width of the primary flow channel is 20-30 mm; the width of the secondary flow channel in the first flow channel region is 17-27 mm; the width of the secondary flow channels in the second and third flow channel regions is 16-26 mm; the width of the secondary flow channels in the fourth and fifth flow channel regions is 20-30 mm; and the width of the secondary flow channel in the sixth flow channel region is 17-27 mm.

[0011] The above-mentioned electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that enables flow distribution has the flow channel plate and the flat plate connected together by a brazing process.

[0012] The above-mentioned liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries that enables flow distribution is made of aluminum plates, with the plate thickness being 0.8-1.5 mm and the flow channel plate thickness being 0.6-1.2 mm.

[0013] This invention provides a liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries that enables flow distribution. It features a segmented flow channel arrangement on the flow channel plate, with each segment's secondary flow channel designed as a loop-shaped coiled structure with varying widths. The structure can be iteratively optimized based on simulated velocity and pressure cloud maps, adjusting the width of the branch flow channels in each segment to control the coolant flow rate in different areas of the liquid cooling plate. This improves battery thermal management, enhances the overall performance of the electric vehicle, and extends battery life. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA section;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flow channel plate structure;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of coolant flow in the first flow channel region;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of coolant flow in the second flow channel region;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of coolant flow in the third flow channel region;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of coolant flow in the fourth flow channel region;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of coolant flow in the fifth flow channel region;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of coolant flow in the sixth flow channel area.

[0023] Explanation of each label in the diagram:

[0024] 1 is a flat plate;

[0025] 2 is the flow channel plate;

[0026] 3 is the coolant inlet;

[0027] 4 is the coolant outlet;

[0028] 5 is the coolant flow channel.

[0029] 5-1 is a branch flow channel in the first flow channel region, 5-1-1 is a primary flow channel in the first flow channel region, and 5-1-2 is a secondary flow channel in the first flow channel region;

[0030] 5-2 is a branch channel in the second flow channel region, 5-2-1 is a primary flow channel in the second flow channel region, and 5-2-2 is a secondary flow channel in the second flow channel region;

[0031] 5-3 is a branch channel in the third flow channel region, 5-3-1 is a primary flow channel in the third flow channel region, and 5-3-2 is a secondary flow channel in the third flow channel region;

[0032] 5-4 is the branch channel of the fourth flow channel region, 5-4-1 is the primary flow channel of the fourth flow channel region, and 5-4-2 is the secondary flow channel of the fourth flow channel region;

[0033] 5-5 is the branch channel of the fifth flow channel region, 5-5-1 is the primary flow channel of the fifth flow channel region, and 5-5-2 is the secondary flow channel of the fifth flow channel region;

[0034] 5-6 is a branch channel in the sixth flow channel region, 5-6-1 is a primary flow channel in the sixth flow channel region, and 5-6-2 is a secondary flow channel in the sixth flow channel region;

[0035] Ⅰ is the first flow channel region, Ⅱ is the second flow channel region, Ⅲ is the third flow channel region, Ⅳ is the fourth flow channel region, Ⅴ is the fifth flow channel region, and Ⅵ is the sixth flow channel region. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] See Figure 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3This invention provides a liquid cooling plate structure for electric vehicle batteries capable of flow distribution, comprising a flat plate 1 and a flow channel plate 2. Both the flow channel plate 2 and the flat plate 1 are rectangular plates with identical outer dimensions, both made of aluminum alloy. Grooves are formed on the flow channel plate 2 using a stamping process. The flow channel plate 2 and the flat plate 1 are welded together using a brazing process, forming a coolant flow channel 5 between the stamped groove and the flat plate 2. The brazing process ensures the sealing between the coolant flow channels. This invention includes a coolant inlet 3 and a coolant outlet 4 communicating with the coolant flow channel 5. Its distinctive feature is that the coolant flow channels 5 on the flow channel plate 2 are arranged in zones. In a preferred embodiment, the coolant flow channels 5 on the flow channel plate 2 are divided into six channels. The flow channel is divided into three regions: the first flow channel region I, the second flow channel region II, and the third flow channel region III are located at the front of the flow channel plate 2 and are arranged from left to right in the horizontal direction; the fourth flow channel region V, the fifth flow channel region V, and the sixth flow channel region VI are located at the rear of the flow channel plate 2 and are arranged from left to right in the horizontal direction. In each sub-region, branch flow channels with different cross-sectional sizes are set, namely, branch flow channel 5-1 of the first flow channel region, branch flow channel 5-2 of the second flow channel region, branch flow channel 5-3 of the third flow channel region, branch flow channel 5-4 of the fourth flow channel region, branch flow channel 5-5 of the fifth flow channel region, and branch flow channel 5-6 of the sixth flow channel region. All of the above branch flow channels are connected in parallel to the main flow channel that is connected to the coolant inlet 3 and the coolant outlet 4 at both ends.

[0038] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure of this utility model, which enables flow distribution, includes a primary flow channel and a secondary flow channel in each sub-region. The primary flow channel is the inlet and outlet flow channel for each sub-region. In a preferred embodiment, the primary flow channel includes a primary flow channel 5-1-1 in the first flow channel region, a primary flow channel 5-2-1 in the second flow channel region, a primary flow channel 5-3-1 in the third flow channel region, a primary flow channel 5-4-1 in the fourth flow channel region, a primary flow channel 5-5-1 in the fifth flow channel region, and a primary flow channel 5-6-1 in the sixth flow channel region. The primary flow channel is either a horizontal or vertical flow channel. In a preferred embodiment, the width of the primary flow channel is 25mm. The secondary flow channel is a spiral-shaped double-channel structure, including a secondary flow channel in the first flow channel region. The secondary flow channels 5-1-2, 5-2-2, 5-3-2, 5-4-2, 5-5-2, and 5-6-2 in the first, second, and third flow channels respectively are all double-channel structures with a spiral-shaped arrangement. In a preferred embodiment, the width of the secondary flow channel 5-1-2 in the first flow channel region is 22 mm, the width of the secondary flow channels 5-2-2 and 5-3-2 in the second and third flow channel regions is 21 mm, the width of the secondary flow channels 5-4-2 and 5-5-2 in the fourth and fifth flow channel regions is 25 mm, and the width of the secondary flow channel 5-6-2 in the sixth flow channel region is 22 mm.

[0039] See Figure 4 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution described in this utility model includes a first flow channel 5-1 branch channel in the first flow channel region, which is arranged vertically as a primary flow channel 5-1-1 and a second flow channel 5-1-2 of the first flow channel region with a spiral double flow channel structure. After the coolant flows in the first flow channel region I, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, carrying away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above this region.

[0040] See Figure 5 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution described in this utility model includes a second flow channel region branch flow channel 5-2, which includes a horizontally arranged first-level flow channel 5-2-1 and a second-level flow channel region 5-2-2 with a spiral double flow channel structure. After the coolant flows in the second flow channel region II, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, carrying away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above this region.

[0041] See Figure 6The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution described in this utility model includes a third flow channel region branch flow channel 5-3, which includes a horizontally arranged third flow channel region primary flow channel 5-3-1 and a spiral double flow channel structure third flow channel region secondary flow channel 5-3-2. After the coolant flows in the third flow channel region III, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, carrying away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above this region.

[0042] See Figure 7 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution described in this utility model includes a fourth flow channel region branch flow channel 5-4, which includes a vertically arranged fourth flow channel region primary flow channel 5-4-1 and a spiral double flow channel structure fourth flow channel region secondary flow channel 5-4-2. After the coolant flows in the fourth flow channel region IV, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, carrying away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above this region.

[0043] See Figure 8 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution described in this utility model includes a fifth flow channel region branch flow channel 5-2 comprising a horizontally arranged first-level flow channel 5-5-1 and a spiral-shaped second-level flow channel 5-5-2. After the coolant swirls and flows in the fifth flow channel region V, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, carrying away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above this region.

[0044] See Figure 9 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution described in this utility model includes a sixth flow channel region branch flow channel 5-2 comprising a horizontally arranged first-level flow channel 5-6-1 and a spiral-shaped second-level flow channel 5-6-2. After the coolant swirls and flows in the sixth flow channel region II, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, carrying away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above this region.

[0045] Specific embodiment one of this utility model:

[0046] When the coolant flow rate through the flow channel plate 2 is 10L / min, after optimizing the structure of this utility model, the width of the primary flow channel in each flow channel region is 25mm, the width of the secondary flow channel 5-1-2 in the first flow channel region is 22mm, the width of the secondary flow channel 5-2-2 in the second flow channel region and the secondary flow channel 5-3-2 in the third flow channel region is 21mm, the width of the secondary flow channel 5-4-2 in the fourth flow channel region and the secondary flow channel 5-5-2 in the fifth flow channel region is 25mm, and the width of the secondary flow channel 5-6-2 in the sixth flow channel region is 22mm. Under this operating condition, the flow distributions in the first flow channel branch channel 5-1, the second flow channel branch channel 5-2, and the third flow channel branch channel 5-3 are 15.66%, 16.23%, and 16.48%, respectively; and the flow distributions in the fourth flow channel branch channel 5-4, the fifth flow channel branch channel 5-5, and the sixth flow channel branch channel 5-6 are 17.40%, 16.85%, and 17.38%, respectively. The deviation from the design value is within 5%. At this time, the flow resistance of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate is 16.14 kPa, which meets the flow resistance requirements of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate.

[0047] Specific embodiment two of this utility model:

[0048] When the coolant flow rate through the flow channel plate 2 is 12L / min, after optimizing the structure of this utility model, the width of the primary flow channel in each flow channel region is 25mm, the width of the secondary flow channel 5-1-2 in the first flow channel region is 22mm, the width of the secondary flow channel 5-2-2 in the second flow channel region and the secondary flow channel 5-3-2 in the third flow channel region is 21mm, the width of the secondary flow channel 5-4-2 in the fourth flow channel region and the secondary flow channel 5-5-2 in the fifth flow channel region is 25mm, and the width of the secondary flow channel 5-6-2 in the sixth flow channel region is 22mm. Under this operating condition, the flow distributions in the first flow channel branch channel 5-1, the second flow channel branch channel 5-2, and the third flow channel branch channel 5-3 are 15.39%, 15.86%, and 16.39%, respectively. The flow distributions in the fourth flow channel branch channel 5-4, the fifth flow channel branch channel 5-5, and the sixth flow channel branch channel 5-6 are 17.76%, 17.06%, and 17.54%, respectively. The deviation from the design value is within 5%. At this time, the flow resistance of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate is 21.99 kPa, which meets the flow resistance requirements of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling plate structure for an electric vehicle battery capable of flow distribution, comprising a flat plate (1) and a flow channel plate (2); the flow channel plate (2) and the flat plate (1) are rectangular plates with the same outer dimensions, a groove is stamped on the flow channel plate (2), the flow channel plate (2) and the flat plate (1) are welded together, a coolant flow channel (5) is formed between the stamped groove of the flow channel plate (2) and the flat plate, and a coolant inlet (3) and a coolant outlet (4) communicating with the coolant flow channel (5) are provided on the liquid cooling plate; characterized in that: The coolant flow channels (5) on the flow channel plate (2) are divided into regions, and branch flow channels with different cross-sectional sizes are set in each region. The branch flow channels are connected in parallel to the main flow channels that are connected to the coolant inlet (3) and coolant outlet (4) at both ends respectively.

2. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of flow distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch flow channel includes a primary flow channel and a secondary flow channel; the primary flow channel is the inlet and outlet flow channel of each sub-region, which is a horizontal flow channel or a vertical straight flow channel; the secondary flow channel is a double flow channel structure with a spiral shape.

3. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of flow distribution according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coolant flow channels (5) on the flow channel plate (2) are divided into six flow channel regions. The first flow channel region (Ⅰ), the second flow channel region (Ⅱ) and the third flow channel region (Ⅲ) are located at the front of the flow channel plate (2) and are arranged from left to right in the horizontal direction. The fourth flow channel region (Ⅴ), the fifth flow channel region (Ⅴ) and the sixth flow channel region (Ⅵ) are located at the rear of the flow channel plate (2) and are arranged from left to right in the horizontal direction. The coolant inlet (3) and the coolant outlet (4) are located at the front end of the flow channel plate (2) and are arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

4. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of flow distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the primary flow channel is 20-30 mm; the width of the secondary flow channel (5-1-2) in the first flow channel region is 17-27 mm; the width of the secondary flow channel (5-2-2) in the second flow channel region and the secondary flow channel (5-3-2) in the third flow channel region is 16-26 mm; the width of the secondary flow channel (5-4-2) in the fourth flow channel region and the secondary flow channel (5-5-2) in the fifth flow channel region is 20-30 mm; and the width of the secondary flow channel (5-6-2) in the sixth flow channel region is 17-27 mm.

5. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of flow distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow channel plate (2) and the flat plate (1) are connected as one piece by brazing.

6. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of flow distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the plate (1) and the flow channel plate (2) are made of aluminum plate. The thickness of the plate (1) is 0.8 to 1.5 mm, and the thickness of the flow channel plate (2) is not less than 0.6 to 1.2 mm.

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