Solar power supply protection circuit and equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar power supply protection circuit and equipment, relates to the technical field of solar energy, and solves the technical problems that most existing solar fans or table lamps are complex in structure, the circuit design is not optimized enough, and potential safety hazards easily exist. The circuit comprises a control module, a switch interlocking module and a solar panel, the solar panel is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and inputting the electric energy to the control module through the switch interlocking module so as to supply power to the motor through the control module; the switch interlocking module comprises a first MOS tube Q1, a second MOS tube Q2, an interface R and an interface B; the drain electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube Q2 through a resistor R9, the source electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube Q2, and the grid electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with the drain electrode of the second MOS tube Q2 through a resistor R3; the drain electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is also connected with an interface B; and the drain electrode of the second MOS tube Q2 is also connected with an interface R. According to the utility model, short circuit of the circuit can be avoided, and the risk of MUC burnout can be effectively protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar energy technology, and in particular to a solar power supply protection circuit and device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, everyday appliances such as table fans and lamps typically rely on mains power, which not only limits their usage scenarios but also increases dependence on the power grid. With the popularization of solar energy technology, applying solar energy to household appliances has become a trend. However, most existing solar fans and lamps have complex structures and suboptimal circuit designs, which can easily pose safety hazards.

[0003] In the process of developing this utility model, the applicant discovered at least the following problems in the prior art:

[0004] Most existing solar fans or desk lamps have complex structures and suboptimal circuit designs, which can easily lead to safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a solar power supply protection circuit and device to solve the technical problems of existing solar fans or table lamps, which are mostly complex in structure, have insufficiently optimized circuit design, and are prone to safety hazards. The various technical effects of the preferred technical solution among the many technical solutions provided by this utility model are detailed below.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides a solar power supply protection circuit, including a control module, a switch interlock module, and a solar panel. The solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy, which is then input to the control module through the switch interlock module to power a motor. The switch interlock module includes a first MOSFET Q1, a second MOSFET Q2, an interface R, and an interface B. The drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the gate of the second MOSFET Q2 through a resistor R9, the source is connected to the source of the second MOSFET Q2, and the gate is connected to the drain of the second MOSFET Q2 through a resistor R3. The drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is also connected to the interface B. The drain of the second MOSFET Q2 is also connected to the interface R. The switch interlock module is connected to the solar panel or mains power through the interface R or the interface B.

[0008] Optionally, the control module includes an MCU chip U3 of model FG8692Q; the X_AIO8 pin of the MCU chip U3 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 in sequence through resistors R5 and R2, and the X_AIO6 pin is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q2 in sequence through resistors R11 and R6.

[0009] Optionally, the control module further includes a reset unit and a temperature detection unit; the reset unit is used to reset the MCU chip U3 upon power-up, and includes a reset chip U2; the VIN pin of the reset chip is connected to a first reference voltage, the RESRT pin is connected to the RESETN pin of the MCU chip U3, and the GND pin is grounded; the temperature detection unit is used to detect the temperature of the MCU chip U3, and includes resistors R42 and R43, capacitor C19, and connector J1; one end of resistor R42 is connected to a second reference voltage, and the other end is connected to one end of resistor R43 and connector J1 respectively; the other end of resistor R43 is connected to the X_AIO9 pin of the MCU chip U3; the other end of resistor R43 is also grounded through capacitor C19.

[0010] Optionally, the solar power protection circuit further includes a PWM control module connected to the control module for adjusting the speed and direction of the motor, including a transistor Q3, resistor R7, and resistor R15; one end of resistor R7 is connected to the PC5 pin of the MCU chip U3, and the other end is connected to the PWM input port of the motor; one end of resistor R15 is connected to the PC6 pin of the MCU chip U3, and the other end is connected to the FR input port of the motor; the base of transistor Q3 is connected to the PC3 pin of the MCU chip U3, the emitter is connected to the base of transistor Q3 through resistor R14, and the collector is connected to the FG output port of the motor and the third reference voltage through resistors R8 and R4 respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the solar power protection circuit further includes a drive module and a sampling module connected to the control module; the drive module is used to drive the motor to rotate and includes a fourth MOSFET Q4, a fifth MOSFET Q5, and a sixth MOSFET Q6; the G1 and G2 pins of the fourth MOSFET Q4 are respectively connected to the UL and UH pins of the MCU chip, the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module, and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor interface U; the G1 and G2 pins of the fifth MOSFET Q5 are respectively connected to the VL and VH pins of the MCU chip, the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module, and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor interface V; the G1 and G2 pins of the sixth MOSFET Q6 are respectively connected to the WL and WH pins of the MCU chip U3, the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module, and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor interface W.

[0012] Optionally, the sampling module is used to collect the phase current of the motor, including a first sampling unit, a second sampling unit, and a third sampling unit; the input terminals of the first sampling unit, the second sampling unit, and the third sampling unit are respectively connected to the fourth MOS transistor Q4, the fifth MOS transistor Q5, and the sixth MOS transistor Q6, and the output terminals are connected to the MCU chip U3.

[0013] Optionally, the MCU chip U3 may also be of model FG8190Q, FG8191Q, FG8190S, FG8590Q, FG8591Q, FG8691L, FG8692Q, FG8693Q, FG8790Q or FG8890.

[0014] Optionally, the solar power supply protection circuit further includes a power supply module for supplying power to the control module, including a voltage regulator chip U1 and a first diode D1; the input terminal VIN of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the power supply voltage, the output terminal VOUT is connected to the control module, and the ground terminal VSS is grounded; the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal VOUT of the voltage regulator chip U1, and the anode is grounded.

[0015] A device comprising any of the above-described solar power protection circuits.

[0016] Optionally, the device may include a table fan, a table lamp, and an electric toy.

[0017] Implementing one of the above-described technical solutions of this utility model has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0018] The solar power protection circuit designed in this utility model can be powered not only by mains power but also by solar power, allowing home appliances to be used outdoors and expanding their application scenarios. Furthermore, by setting up a switch interlock module, the mains power supply will not be connected when the solar power supply is on, and the solar power supply will not be connected when the mains power supply is on. When both ends are powered at the same time, the circuit will automatically disconnect to avoid short circuits and effectively protect the MCU from the risk of burning out. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall block diagram of a solar power supply protection circuit according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the switch interlock module of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the MCU chip in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the reset unit and temperature detection unit in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the PWM control module of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the driving module of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the sampling module of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply module according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, various exemplary embodiments described below will be referenced to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the exemplary embodiments, illustrating various exemplary embodiments that may be adopted to implement this utility model. Unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. It should be understood that they are merely examples of processes, methods, and apparatuses consistent with some aspects of this utility model disclosed as detailed in the appended claims, and other embodiments may be used, or structural and functional modifications may be made to the embodiments listed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. The term "multiple" means two or more. The terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, integral connections, mechanical connections, electrical connections, communication connections, direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. The term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] To illustrate the technical solution described in this utility model, specific embodiments are described below, showing only the parts related to the embodiments of this utility model.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a solar power supply protection circuit, including a control module, a switch interlock module, and a solar panel; the solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy, which is then input to the control module through the switch interlock module, so that the control module can supply power to the motor; as shown... Figure 2As shown, the switch interlock module includes a first MOSFET Q1, a second MOSFET Q2, interface R, and interface B. The drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the gate of the second MOSFET Q2 through resistor R9, the source is connected to the source of the second MOSFET Q2, and the gate is connected to the drain of the second MOSFET Q2 through resistor R3. The drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is also connected to interface B. The drain of the second MOSFET Q2 is also connected to interface R. The switch interlock module is connected to a solar panel or AC power through interface R or interface B.

[0033] The solar power protection circuit designed in this embodiment can be powered not only by mains power but also by solar power, allowing home appliances to be used outdoors and expanding their application scenarios. Furthermore, by setting up a switch interlock module, the mains power supply will not be activated when solar power is being used, and vice versa. When both ends are powered simultaneously, the circuit will automatically disconnect, preventing short circuits and effectively protecting the MCU from damage. The circuit structure of this embodiment is simple and inexpensive, significantly reducing production costs.

[0034] As an alternative implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, if interface R is connected to the solar panel, then interface B is connected to the mains power; conversely, if interface R is connected to the mains power, then interface B is connected to the solar panel, thus ensuring that the motor is powered by both mains power and solar energy. Both the mains power and the solar panel provide a 12V DC voltage to the switch interlock module. The first reference voltage mentioned below is 3.3V, the second reference voltage is 1.2V, and the third reference voltage is 5V. The first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are interlocked. When the first MOSFET Q1 is on, it will cut off the second MOSFET Q2; when the second MOSFET Q2 is on, it will cut off the second MOSFET Q1, thus ensuring a stable power supply at one end. If both mains power and the solar panel supply power simultaneously, the switch interlock module will cut off the power supply to prevent short circuits and damage to the control module. Power will only be supplied to the control module again when only one end is on, allowing the motor to start operating.

[0035] As an alternative implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the control module includes an MCU chip U3 of model FG8692Q. This chip uses a QFN package, which has the advantages of small size, light weight, good heat dissipation performance, and low cost. The X_AIO8 pin of the MCU chip U3 is connected to the drain of the first MOSFET Q1 through resistors R5 and R2 in sequence. Resistors R10 and C3 are connected in parallel across resistor R5 for filtering. The X_AIO6 pin is connected to the drain of the second MOSFET Q2 through resistors R11 and R6 in sequence. Resistors R11 are connected in parallel across resistor C4 and R13 for filtering.

[0036] As an alternative implementation method, such as Figure 4 As shown, the control module also includes a reset unit and a temperature detection unit. The reset unit is used to reset the MCU chip U3 upon power-up, including the reset chip U2. The VIN pin of the reset chip is connected to the first reference voltage, the RESRT pin is connected to the RESETN pin of the MCU chip U3, and the GND pin is grounded. The VIN pin of the reset chip U2 is also connected to the GND pin through capacitor C13, and the RESET pin is also connected to the GND pin through resistor R39 to perform filtering. The model of the reset chip U2 is CXM7027. This chip adopts an SOT-23 package, a miniaturized design, and a surface mount process, resulting in low manufacturing cost.

[0037] Furthermore, a temperature detection unit is used to detect the temperature of the MCU chip U3, including resistors R42 and R43, capacitor C19, and connector J1. One end of resistor R42 is connected to a second reference voltage, and the other end is connected to one end of resistor R43 and connector J1. The other end of resistor R43 is connected to the X_AIO9 pin of the MCU chip U3. The other end of resistor R43 is also grounded through capacitor C19. The temperature detection unit is connected to the PC via connector J1 and can reflect the temperature of the MCU chip U3 in real time.

[0038] As an alternative implementation method, such as Figure 5 As shown, the solar power protection circuit also includes a PWM control module connected to the control module for adjusting the motor's speed and direction. This module includes transistor Q3, resistors R7 and R15. One end of resistor R7 is connected to the PC5 pin of the MCU chip U3, and the other end is connected to the motor's PWM input port. One end of resistor R15 is connected to the PC6 pin of the MCU chip U3, and the other end is connected to the motor's FR input port. The base of transistor Q3 is connected to the PC3 pin of the MCU chip U3, and its emitter is connected to the base of transistor Q3 via resistor R14. The collector is connected to the motor's FG output port and the third reference voltage via resistors R8 and R4, respectively. The MCU chip U3 sends PWM and FR signals to the motor via PC5 and PC6 pins, respectively. Upon receiving these signals, the motor begins to adjust its speed and direction. The motor can also send an FG signal to the MCU chip U3 via transistor Q3 to provide speed feedback.

[0039] As an alternative implementation, the solar power supply protection circuit also includes a drive module and a sampling module connected to the control module; such as Figure 6As shown, the drive module is used to drive the motor rotation and includes a fourth MOSFET Q4, a fifth MOSFET Q5, and a sixth MOSFET Q6. The G1 and G2 pins of the fourth MOSFET Q4 are connected to the UL and UH pins of the MCU chip, respectively; the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module; and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor's interface U. The G1 and G2 pins of the fifth MOSFET Q5 are connected to the VL and VH pins of the MCU chip, respectively; the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module; and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor's interface V. The G1 and G2 pins of the sixth MOSFET Q6 are connected to the WL and WH pins of the MCU chip U3, respectively; the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module; and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor's interface W. The fourth MOSFET Q4, the fifth MOSFET Q5, and the sixth MOSFET Q6 are all WSF4012 and can be used as drive chips to drive the motor. These three MOSFETs are connected to the three phases U, V, and W of the motor, forming an inverter bridge. The three-phase AC power supply to the motor is achieved by controlling the conduction and cutoff of the IGBTs.

[0040] As an alternative implementation method, such as Figure 7 As shown, the sampling module is used to collect the phase current of the motor, including a first sampling unit, a second sampling unit, and a third sampling unit. The input terminals of the first, second, and third sampling units are connected to the fourth MOSFET Q4, the fifth MOSFET Q5, and the sixth MOSFET Q6, respectively, and the output terminals are connected to the MCU chip U3. Specifically, in the first sampling unit, one end of resistor R9 is connected to the S1 pin of the fourth MOSFET Q4, and the other end is connected to capacitor C10 and the X_AIO1 pin of the MCU chip U3, respectively; one end of resistor R22 is connected to the S1 pin of the fourth MOSFET Q4 through resistor R24, and the other end is connected to capacitor C10 and the X_AIO0 pin of the MCU chip U3, respectively. In the second sampling unit, one end of resistor R20 is connected to the S1 pin of the fifth MOSFET Q5, and the other end is connected to capacitor C11 and the X_AIO5 pin of the MCU chip U3, respectively; one end of resistor R23 is grounded, and the other end is connected to capacitor C11 and the X_AIO4 pin of the MCU chip U3, respectively. In the third sampling unit, one end of resistor R18 is connected to the S1 pin of the sixth MOSFET Q6, and the other end is connected to capacitor C9 and the X_AIO3 pin of MCU chip U3, respectively. One end of resistor R21 is connected to the S1 pin of the sixth MOSFET Q6 through resistor R25, and the other end is connected to capacitor C9 and the X_AIO2 pin of MCU chip U3, respectively. MCU chip U3 can acquire the phase current of the motor in real time through the sampling module to know the motor's operating status and thus adjust the motor's speed or direction.

[0041] As an alternative implementation, the MCU chip U3 can also be of model FG8190Q, FG8191Q, FG8190S, FG8590Q, FG8591Q, FG8691L, FG8692Q, FG8693Q, FG8790Q, or FG8890. The model of the MCU chip U3 is not limited to one type; the most suitable chip can be selected based on actual usage requirements.

[0042] As an alternative implementation method, such as Figure 8 As shown, the solar power supply protection circuit also includes a power module for supplying power to the control module, including a voltage regulator chip U1 and a first diode D1. The input terminal VIN of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the supply voltage, and the output terminal VOUT is connected to the control module, providing a 3.3V power supply to the control module. The ground terminal VSS is grounded. The supply voltage is the 12V DC voltage provided by the mains or the solar panel. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal VOUT of the voltage regulator chip U1, and the anode is grounded. The power module also includes a second diode D2; a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the cathode and anode of the second diode D2. The voltage regulator chip U1 converts the 12V DC voltage to 3.3V to power the MCU chip U3. A bidirectional voltage regulator diode D2 is also used to stabilize the voltage of the voltage module to improve its stability.

[0043] The embodiment is merely a special case and does not indicate that this utility model is implemented in such a way.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] The difference between this second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the second embodiment includes a device comprising a solar power protection circuit as described in any of the embodiments in the first embodiment. Optionally, the device may include a table fan, a table lamp, or an electric toy. The device provided in this embodiment uses the solar power protection circuit provided in the first embodiment for power supply and can be powered by both solar energy and mains power. This allows the device to be used not only at home but also outdoors, eliminating reliance on mains power and expanding its application scenarios. Furthermore, the power supply circuit of this device is safe, reliable, and inexpensive.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A solar power supply protection circuit, characterized in that, The system includes a control module, a switch interlock module, and a solar panel. The solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy, which is then input to the control module via the switch interlock module to power the motor. The switch interlock module includes a first MOSFET Q1, a second MOSFET Q2, an interface R, and an interface B. The drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the gate of the second MOSFET Q2 via a resistor R9, the source is connected to the source of the second MOSFET Q2, and the gate is connected to the drain of the second MOSFET Q2 via a resistor R3. The drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is also connected to the interface B. The drain of the second MOSFET Q2 is also connected to the interface R. The switch interlock module is connected to the solar panel or mains power via the interface R or the interface B.

2. The solar power supply protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes an MCU chip U3 with model number FG8692Q; the X_AIO8 pin of the MCU chip U3 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 in sequence through resistors R5 and R2, and the X_AIO6 pin is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q2 in sequence through resistors R11 and R6.

3. The solar power supply protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module further includes a reset unit and a temperature detection unit. The reset unit is used to reset the MCU chip U3 upon power-up and includes a reset chip U2. The VIN pin of the reset chip is connected to a first reference voltage, the RESRT pin is connected to the RESETN pin of the MCU chip U3, and the GND pin is grounded. The temperature detection unit is used to detect the temperature of the MCU chip U3 and includes resistors R42 and R43, capacitor C19, and connector J1. One end of resistor R42 is connected to a second reference voltage, and the other end is connected to one end of resistor R43 and connector J1. The other end of resistor R43 is connected to the X_AIO9 pin of the MCU chip U3. The other end of resistor R43 is also grounded through capacitor C19.

4. A solar power supply protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solar power protection circuit also includes a PWM control module connected to the control module for adjusting the speed and direction of the motor. This module includes a transistor Q3, resistors R7 and R15. One end of resistor R7 is connected to the PC5 pin of the MCU chip U3, and the other end is connected to the PWM input port of the motor. One end of resistor R15 is connected to the PC6 pin of the MCU chip U3, and the other end is connected to the FR input port of the motor. The base of transistor Q3 is connected to the PC3 pin of the MCU chip U3, the emitter is connected to the base of transistor Q3 via resistor R14, and the collector is connected to the FG output port of the motor and the third reference voltage via resistors R8 and R4, respectively.

5. A solar power supply protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solar power protection circuit further includes a drive module and a sampling module connected to the control module; the drive module is used to drive the motor to rotate and includes a fourth MOSFET Q4, a fifth MOSFET Q5, and a sixth MOSFET Q6; the G1 and G2 pins of the fourth MOSFET Q4 are respectively connected to the UL and UH pins of the MCU chip, the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module, and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor interface U; the G1 and G2 pins of the fifth MOSFET Q5 are respectively connected to the VL and VH pins of the MCU chip, the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module, and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor interface V; the G1 and G2 pins of the sixth MOSFET Q6 are respectively connected to the WL and WH pins of the MCU chip U3, the S1 pin is connected to the sampling module, and the D1 / D2 pins are connected to the motor interface W.

6. A solar power supply protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sampling module is used to collect the phase current of the motor, and includes a first sampling unit, a second sampling unit and a third sampling unit; the input terminals of the first sampling unit, the second sampling unit and the third sampling unit are respectively connected to the fourth MOS transistor Q4, the fifth MOS transistor Q5 and the sixth MOS transistor Q6, and the output terminals are connected to the MCU chip U3.

7. A solar power supply protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The MCU chip U3 can also be of model FG8190Q, FG8191Q, FG8190S, FG8590Q, FG8591Q, FG8691L, FG8692Q, FG8693Q, FG8790Q or FG8890.

8. A solar power supply protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar power supply protection circuit also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the control module, including a voltage regulator chip U1 and a first diode D1; the input terminal VIN of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the power supply voltage, the output terminal VOUT is connected to the control module, and the ground terminal VSS is grounded; the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal VOUT of the voltage regulator chip U1, and the anode is grounded.

9. A device, characterized in that, Includes a solar power supply protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The equipment includes a table fan, a table lamp, and an electric toy.

Images