Seed-metering device and seeding machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a seed-metering device and a seeding machine. A seed-metering device comprises a front shell, a seed disc, a rear shell and an air closing wheel, the front shell is connected with the rear shell, the seed disc is rotatably installed between the front shell and the rear shell, a plurality of seed disc nest holes are formed in the seed disc, the air closing wheel abuts against the seed disc, and the air closing wheel is located on the rotating track of the seed disc nest holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of seeding equipment technology, and in particular to a seed metering device and a seeder. Background Technology

[0002] my country is a major agricultural country with a wide variety of seeders. Among them, precision seed metering devices are largely similar, mostly finger-clamp or air-suction types. Soybeans, corn, and other seeds require precise sowing. A well-designed seed metering device can increase sowing speed and reduce missed sowing, double sowing, and variation rates. Pneumatic seed metering devices utilize the weight of the seed itself and the positive pressure airflow to press the seed onto the holes of the seed metering tray. Excess seeds are removed by a cleaning brush, ensuring single-seed filling. Finally, an air-blocking mechanism separates the airflow from the seed, allowing the seed to be smoothly discharged under its own weight.

[0003] Currently, the design of air-suction seed metering devices distinguishes between pressure differential zones and non-pressure differential zones according to the position of the seed tray. In the pressure differential zone, the seeds are ensured to follow the movement of the seed tray. In the non-pressure differential zone, the seeds can fall off due to their own weight. The seed cleaning wheel removes seeds that are still attached to the seed tray and have not been discharged from the seed metering device.

[0004] (1) The pressure difference zone is the air inlet or outlet area, which creates a pressure difference on both sides of the seed plate of the seed meterer. This area occupies a large volume of the seed meterer, making it impossible to miniaturize or lighten the seed meterer.

[0005] (2) The pressure difference area is large, which increases the probability of air leakage, leading to abnormal seed delivery in the seed tray and increasing the seed leakage rate. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a seed metering device and a seeder to address the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A seed metering device includes: a front shell, a seed tray, a rear shell, and an air-closing wheel. The front shell is connected to the rear shell. The seed tray is rotatably installed between the front shell and the rear shell. The seed tray is provided with a plurality of seed tray eye holes. The air-closing wheel abuts against the seed tray and is located on the rotation trajectory of the plurality of seed tray eye holes.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are as follows: By redesigning the seed tray and setting a closed-loop impeller, the air pressure on both sides of the seed tray is made uniform, allowing seeds to fall under their own weight at the closed-loop impeller position. This saves space in the seed metering device, achieving the goal of precision and weight reduction. There is no distinction between pressure differential and non-pressure differential zones within the seed metering device cavity; a non-pressure differential zone is formed by the operation of the closed-loop impeller and the seed tray. This zone occupies a smaller volume in the seed metering device, allowing for miniaturization or weight reduction. A smaller pressure differential zone reduces the probability of air leakage, avoiding the problem of increased seed loss due to abnormal seed delivery at the seed tray position.

[0009] Furthermore, the seed plate eye hole on the side adjacent to the rear shell is a rectangular hole, and the seed plate eye hole on the side adjacent to the front shell is a round hole.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: the cross-sectional shape of the air-sealing impeller side of the seed tray eye hole must be a narrow rectangular strip, and the length of the rectangular eye hole should be as long as possible (the length is less than the width of the air-sealing impeller) to ensure its air intake area and facilitate matching with the air-sealing impeller. The eye hole must meet the requirements of the seed cleaning impeller to achieve the seed cleaning function. The cross-sectional shape of the seed side of the seed tray eye hole is circular, and the diameter of its circular hole must be smaller than the diameter of the seed to ensure that the seed can be sucked up and discharged.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the rectangular hole is less than the width of the air-sealing impeller, the width of the rectangular hole is greater than or equal to 2mm, and the diameter of the round hole is less than the diameter of the seed.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: the cross-sectional shape of the air-sealing impeller side of the seed tray eye hole must be a thin rectangular strip, and the length of the rectangular eye hole should be as long as possible (the length is less than the width of the air-sealing impeller) to ensure its air intake area. The width of the eye hole should not be less than 2mm, and the eye hole should meet the requirements of the seed cleaning impeller to achieve the seed cleaning function. The cross-sectional shape of the seed side of the seed tray eye hole is circular, and the diameter of the circular hole should be smaller than the diameter of the seed to ensure that the seed can be sucked up and discharged.

[0013] Furthermore, the air-sealing impeller is rotatably mounted on the rear shell via a bracket, and the air-sealing impeller abuts against the side of the seed disc adjacent to the rear shell.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: it facilitates the installation and maintenance of the air-sealing impeller. The air-sealing impeller can rotate, and its rotation is driven by the rotation of the seed disc.

[0015] Furthermore, a seed discharge port is installed on the front shell, and the seed discharge port is located on the side of the seed tray adjacent to the front shell.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that: the seeds rotate through the seed tray to the position of the closed air wheel. Due to the presence of the closed air wheel, there is no pressure difference on both sides of the seed tray hole at this position, and the seeds will fall to the seed discharge port due to their own gravity.

[0017] Furthermore, a seed cleaning wheel is installed on the rear shell, and the seed cleaning wheel is located below the air-closing wheel.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that a seed cleaning wheel is set at the rear end of the closed air wheel and the seed discharge port to remove residual seeds from the seed tray.

[0019] Furthermore, multiple seed tray eye holes are evenly spaced along the periphery of the seed tray; the seed tray is rotatably mounted between the front shell and the rear shell via a drive shaft, and a motor is mounted on the front shell, the motor being connected to the drive shaft.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the motor drives the seed tray to rotate through the transmission shaft, and the seed tray drives the seeds squeezed by air pressure at the seed tray holes to rotate from the seed storage position at the bottom of the front shell to the closed wheel position.

[0021] Furthermore, the front shell is filled with 5-6 MPa positive pressure gas, the front shell has a seed inlet, and the rear shell is connected to the external atmospheric pressure.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: the front shell side cavity is filled with 5-6 MPa positive pressure gas, the seed inlet is on this side, the rear shell side is connected to the external atmospheric pressure, there is a pressure difference on both sides of the seed plate, and the air pressure squeezes the seeds into the seed plate eye holes.

[0023] Furthermore, the material hardness range of the air-sealing impeller is HRC20-HRC40, and the material of the air-sealing impeller is rubber, or the surface material of the air-sealing impeller is PU, TPU, or silicone.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it enables the air-sealing impeller to be easily deformable and capable of sealing, thus blocking the seed tray eye openings.

[0025] In addition, this utility model also provides a seeder, including a seed metering device as described in any one of the above.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are as follows: By redesigning the seed tray and setting a closed-loop impeller, the air pressure on both sides of the seed tray is made uniform, allowing seeds to fall under their own weight at the closed-loop impeller position. This saves space in the seed metering device, achieving the goal of precision and weight reduction. There is no distinction between pressure differential and non-pressure differential zones within the seed metering device cavity; a non-pressure differential zone is formed by the operation of the closed-loop impeller and the seed tray. This zone occupies a smaller volume in the seed metering device, allowing for miniaturization or weight reduction. A smaller pressure differential zone reduces the probability of air leakage, avoiding the problem of increased seed loss due to abnormal seed delivery at the seed tray position.

[0027] The advantages of this invention in its additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the seed metering device provided in the embodiments of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 The second schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 The third schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 The fourth schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 5 The fifth schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 6 This is the sixth schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 7 The seventh schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 8 This is the eighth schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 9 This is the ninth schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 10 The tenth schematic diagram of the seed metering device provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0038] The following are the diagram numbers: 1. Front shell; 2. Seed tray; 3. Rear shell; 4. Air-sealing wheel; 5. Drive shaft; 6. Motor; 7. Seed cleaning wheel; 8. Support; 9. Seed; 10. Seed discharge port; 11. Seed tray eye hole. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a seed metering device, including: a front shell 1, a seed tray 2, a rear shell 3, and an air-sealing wheel 4. The front shell 1 is connected to the rear shell 3. The seed tray 2 is rotatably installed between the front shell 1 and the rear shell 3. The seed tray 2 is provided with a plurality of seed tray eye holes 11. The air-sealing wheel 4 abuts against the seed tray 2 and is located on the rotation trajectory of the plurality of seed tray eye holes 11.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are as follows: By redesigning the seed tray and setting a closed-loop impeller, the air pressure on both sides of the seed tray is made uniform, allowing seeds to fall under their own weight at the closed-loop impeller position. This saves space in the seed metering device, achieving the goal of precision and weight reduction. There is no distinction between pressure differential and non-pressure differential zones within the seed metering device cavity; a non-pressure differential zone is formed by the operation of the closed-loop impeller and the seed tray. This zone occupies a smaller volume in the seed metering device, allowing for miniaturization or weight reduction. A smaller pressure differential zone reduces the probability of air leakage, avoiding the problem of increased seed loss due to abnormal seed delivery at the seed tray position.

[0042] This embodiment of the invention redesigns the seed tray and incorporates a closed-loop impeller 4, ensuring uniform air pressure on both sides of the seed tray 2. This allows the seeds 9 to fall under their own weight at the location of the closed-loop impeller 4. This invention saves space in the seed metering device, achieving both precision and lightweight design.

[0043] The precision seed metering device (seed meterer) of this utility model mainly consists of a front shell 1, a seed disc 2, a rear shell 3, an air-sealing wheel 4, a drive shaft 5, a motor 6, a seed cleaning wheel 7, and a support 8. Its working principle is as follows:

[0044] 1. The cavity on the front shell 1 is filled with 5-6 MPa positive pressure gas, and the seed inlet is on this side. The rear shell 3 is connected to the external atmospheric pressure. There is a pressure difference on both sides of the seed tray (seed tray 2) of this precision seed metering device. The air pressure squeezes the seeds into the seed tray hole.

[0045] 2. The motor 6 drives the seed tray 2 to rotate through the transmission shaft 5. The seed tray 2 drives the seeds 9, which are squeezed by air pressure into the seed tray hole 11, to rotate from the seed storage position at the bottom of the front shell 1 to the position of the closed air wheel 4.

[0046] 3. Seed 9 rotates through seed tray 2 to the position of closed air wheel 4. Due to the presence of closed air wheel 4, there is no pressure difference on both sides of seed tray hole 11 at this position. Seed 9 will fall to seed outlet 10 due to its own weight.

[0047] 4. At the rear end of the air-closing wheel 4 and the seed discharge port 10, a seed cleaning wheel 7 is set to remove the seeds remaining in the seed tray 2 (the seeds fall into the seed discharge port without passing through the air-closing wheel 4 to detach from the seed tray).

[0048] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the seed plate eye hole 11 is a rectangular hole on the side adjacent to the rear shell 3, and the seed plate eye hole 11 is a round hole on the side adjacent to the front shell 1.

[0049] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: the cross-sectional shape of the air-sealing impeller side of the seed tray eye hole must be a narrow rectangular strip, and the length of the rectangular eye hole should be as long as possible (the length is less than the width of the air-sealing impeller) to ensure its air intake area and facilitate matching with the air-sealing impeller. The eye hole must meet the requirements of the seed cleaning impeller to achieve the seed cleaning function. The cross-sectional shape of the seed side of the seed tray eye hole is circular, and the diameter of its circular hole must be smaller than the diameter of the seed to ensure that the seed can be sucked up and discharged.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, further, the length of the rectangular hole is less than the width of the air-closing wheel 4, the width of the rectangular hole is greater than or equal to 2mm, and the diameter of the round hole is less than the diameter of the seed 9.

[0051] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: the cross-sectional shape of the air-sealing impeller side of the seed tray eye hole must be a thin rectangular strip, and the length of the rectangular eye hole should be as long as possible (the length is less than the width of the air-sealing impeller) to ensure its air intake area. The width of the eye hole should not be less than 2mm, and the eye hole should meet the requirements of the seed cleaning impeller to achieve the seed cleaning function. The cross-sectional shape of the seed side of the seed tray eye hole is circular, and the diameter of the circular hole should be smaller than the diameter of the seed to ensure that the seed can be sucked up and discharged.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the air-sealing impeller 4 is rotatably mounted on the rear shell 3 via a bracket 8, and the air-sealing impeller 4 abuts against the side of the seed disc 2 adjacent to the rear shell 3.

[0053] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: it facilitates the installation and maintenance of the air-sealing impeller. The air-sealing impeller can rotate, and its rotation is driven by the rotation of the seed disc.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the front shell 1 is further provided with a seed outlet 10, which is located on the side of the seed tray 2 adjacent to the front shell 1.

[0055] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that: the seeds rotate through the seed tray to the position of the closed air wheel. Due to the presence of the closed air wheel, there is no pressure difference on both sides of the seed tray hole at this position, and the seeds will fall to the seed discharge port due to their own gravity.

[0056] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a seed cleaning wheel 7 is further installed on the rear shell 3, and the seed cleaning wheel 7 is located below the air-closing wheel 4.

[0057] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that a seed cleaning wheel is set at the rear end of the closed air wheel and the seed discharge port to remove residual seeds from the seed tray.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, further, multiple seed tray eye holes 11 are arranged at equal intervals along the periphery of the seed tray 2; the seed tray 2 is rotatably mounted between the front shell 1 and the rear shell 3 via a drive shaft 5, and a motor 6 is mounted on the front shell 1, the motor 6 being connected to the drive shaft 5.

[0059] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the motor drives the seed tray to rotate through the transmission shaft, and the seed tray drives the seeds squeezed by air pressure at the seed tray holes to rotate from the seed storage position at the bottom of the front shell to the closed wheel position.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the front shell 1 is further filled with 5-6 MPa positive pressure gas, the front shell 1 is provided with a seed inlet, and the rear shell 3 is connected to the external atmospheric pressure.

[0061] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: the front shell side cavity is filled with 5-6 MPa positive pressure gas, the seed inlet is on this side, the rear shell side is connected to the external atmospheric pressure, there is a pressure difference on both sides of the seed plate, and the air pressure squeezes the seeds into the seed plate eye holes.

[0062] Furthermore, the material hardness range of the air-closing impeller 4 is HRC20-HRC40, and the material of the air-closing impeller 4 is rubber, or the surface material of the air-closing impeller 4 is PU, TPU, or silicone.

[0063] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it enables the air-sealing impeller to be easily deformable and capable of sealing, thus blocking the seed tray eye openings.

[0064] 1. The air-sealing impeller 4 is made of a material with a hardness between HRC (Rockwell hardness) of 20 and HRC 40 and must be easily deformable and capable of sealing. The material can be rubber, or the surface material of the air-sealing impeller 4 can be PU (Polyurethane), TPU (Thermoplastic polyurethanes), soft silicone, etc., to seal the seed tray's eye openings. The air-sealing impeller 4 can rotate, driven by the rotation of the seed tray 2.

[0065] 2. The cross-sectional shape of one side of the air-closing impeller 4 of the seed tray hole must be a thin rectangular strip, and the length of the rectangular hole should be as long as possible (the length is less than the width of the air-closing impeller) to ensure its air intake area. The width of the hole should not be less than 2mm. The hole should be able to enable the seed cleaning impeller 7 to perform the seed cleaning function.

[0066] 3. The cross-section of the seed side of the seed tray hole should be circular, and the diameter of the hole should be smaller than the diameter of the seed to ensure that the seed can be sucked up and discharged.

[0067] (1) This utility model does not distinguish between pressure difference zone and non-pressure difference zone in the seed metering device cavity. The non-pressure difference zone is formed by the operation of the closed air wheel and the closed air seed plate (seed plate 2). This zone occupies a small volume of the seed metering device, which can make the seed metering device smaller or lighter.

[0068] (2) The pressure difference area is small, which reduces the probability of air leakage and avoids the problem of increased seed leakage rate caused by abnormal seed delivery in the seed tray.

[0069] 1. The two sides of the air-sealing seed tray hole (seed tray hole 11) of the seed metering device have different cross-sectional shapes. The seed side is a conventional circle; the other side is set to a rectangular cross-section because it is matched with the air-sealing wheel.

[0070] 2. An air-sealing wheel 4, which together with the air-sealing seed tray (seed tray 2) achieves the air-sealing function, rotates and works together with the seed tray 2.

[0071] In addition, this utility model also provides a seeder, including a seed metering device as described in any one of the above.

[0072] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are as follows: By redesigning the seed tray and setting a closed-loop impeller, the air pressure on both sides of the seed tray is made uniform, allowing seeds to fall under their own weight at the closed-loop impeller position. This saves space in the seed metering device, achieving the goal of precision and weight reduction. There is no distinction between pressure differential and non-pressure differential zones within the seed metering device cavity; a non-pressure differential zone is formed by the operation of the closed-loop impeller and the seed tray. This zone occupies a smaller volume in the seed metering device, allowing for miniaturization or weight reduction. A smaller pressure differential zone reduces the probability of air leakage, avoiding the problem of increased seed loss due to abnormal seed delivery at the seed tray position.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A seed metering device, characterized in that, include: The device comprises a front shell, a seed tray, a rear shell, and an air-sealing wheel. The front shell is connected to the rear shell. The seed tray is rotatably mounted between the front shell and the rear shell. The seed tray has multiple seed tray eye holes. The air-sealing wheel abuts against the seed tray and is located on the rotation trajectory of the multiple seed tray eye holes.

2. A seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed plate eye hole is rectangular on the side adjacent to the rear shell, and round on the side adjacent to the front shell.

3. A seed metering device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the rectangular hole is less than the width of the air-sealing impeller, the width of the rectangular hole is greater than or equal to 2mm, and the diameter of the round hole is less than the diameter of the seed.

4. A seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air-sealing wheel is rotatably mounted on the rear shell via a bracket, and the air-sealing wheel abuts against the side of the seed disc adjacent to the rear shell.

5. A seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front shell is equipped with a seed discharge port, which is located on the side of the seed tray adjacent to the front shell.

6. A seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A seed cleaning wheel is installed on the rear shell, and the seed cleaning wheel is located below the air-sealing wheel.

7. A seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple seed tray eye holes are evenly spaced along the periphery of the seed tray; the seed tray is rotatably mounted between the front shell and the rear shell via a drive shaft, and a motor is mounted on the front shell and connected to the drive shaft.

8. A seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front shell is filled with 5-6 MPa positive pressure gas, and the front shell has a seed inlet. The rear shell is connected to the external atmospheric pressure.

9. A seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material hardness range of the air-sealing impeller is HRC20-HRC40, and the material of the air-sealing impeller is rubber, or the surface material of the air-sealing impeller is PU, TPU and silicone.

10. A seeder, characterized in that, The seed metering device includes any one of claims 1 to 9.

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