Machine tool machining spindle and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a machine tool machining main shaft and a machine tool, which comprise a main shaft shell and a cutter dismounting assembly, the cutter dismounting assembly comprises a broach assembly capable of rotating relative to the main shaft shell, the broach assembly comprises a broach rod and a broach shaft core, and a cutter mounting part of the broach shaft core is provided with a matching end face and a matching conical surface. The matching end face and the matching conical face which are used for limiting the installation position of the tool are arranged on the tool installation portion of the broach shaft core, compared with a traditional machining main shaft, matching with the tool on the end face is added, the tool can meet the high rotating speed and the high torque, the stability of the tool in the rotating machining process is enhanced, and the machining efficiency is improved. When the tool is clamped, the tool is tensioned by the broach rod so that the tool can abut against the matched end face and the matched conical face at the same time, the effect of stably clamping the tool is achieved, better machining quality and machining precision are guaranteed in high-strength cutting machining of the gear turning machine, and a user can use the tool conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, specifically a machine tool machining spindle and machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] A gear turning machine is a machine tool used to produce gears, primarily for machining various gears and related components. The working principle of a gear turning machine is based on a rotating cutting tool cutting the surface of the workpiece to form tooth profiles. Precise control of the cutting tool achieves precise gear machining. Traditional gear turning machine spindles need to maintain high speeds during machining to meet requirements for machining efficiency and quality. However, the mating surfaces of traditional machining spindles for clamping the cutting tool typically only have a tapered hole fit, which makes it difficult to achieve good stability when machining gears, directly affecting the machining quality and efficiency.

[0003] To address the above shortcomings, we need to develop a machine tool spindle and machine tool to meet the needs of a wide range of users. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problem that traditional machining spindles struggle to achieve adequate stability when machining gears, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0005] A machine tool spindle includes a spindle housing for mounting on a machine tool and a tool mounting / removing assembly mounted inside the spindle housing. The tool mounting / removing assembly includes a broach assembly rotatable relative to the spindle housing. The broach assembly includes a broach bar for clamping a tool and a broach spindle core for mounting the broach bar. The tool mounting portion of the broach spindle core has a mating end face and a mating tapered surface for limiting the tool mounting position.

[0006] Furthermore, the spindle housing has at least two guide surfaces for machine tool lifting drive, and each guide surface is neither overlapping nor parallel.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide rail surface is parallel to the rotation axis of the broach shaft, and adjacent guide rail surfaces form an inclined angle α, the angle of which is between 5 and 120 degrees.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of elastic deformable elements stacked on each other are sleeved on the outer side of the drawbar along the axial direction. A locking bushing for limiting the installation position of the elastic deformable elements is installed at the end of the drawbar near the cutter. A limiting shoulder for limiting the installation position of the elastic deformable elements is provided at the end of the drawbar away from the locking bushing.

[0009] Furthermore, a sliding sleeve and a deformable sleeve clamp for fastening the tool are installed at one end of the pull rod near the tool. When the tool is installed in the deformable sleeve clamp, the pull rod pulls the sliding sleeve so that the sliding sleeve touches the deformable sleeve clamp. The deformable sleeve clamp undergoes elastic deformation and opens and presses against the tool, so that the tool respectively engages with the mating end face and the mating cone surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the tool removal and assembly also includes a tool-changing assembly for tool replacement. The tool-changing assembly includes a tool-changing cylinder mounted on the spindle housing and a piston mounted inside the tool-changing cylinder. The tool-changing cylinder has an internal cavity for mounting the piston. The piston can move directionally relative to the tool-changing cylinder along the internal cavity of the cylinder. The tool-changing cylinder has a cylinder connection port for communicating the internal cavity of the cylinder with the outside.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the piston extends into the interior of the spindle housing, and the direction of movement of the piston corresponds to the installation position of the drawbar. The piston is movably installed on the cutter cylinder and the spindle housing respectively through sealing assemblies, and each sealing assembly has at least two elastic sealing rings.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the cylinder is connected to an external hydraulic device, and hydraulic oil flows into the inner cavity of the cylinder from the cylinder connection port through an oil pipe. Under the action of oil pressure, the piston pushes against the drawbar to push the drawbar to move towards the tool.

[0013] Furthermore, a flushing assembly is installed on the spindle housing near the tool, and the flushing assembly has at least two flushing nozzles facing the tool.

[0014] A machine tool, equipped with the machine tool machining spindle.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. This utility model provides a mating end face and a mating conical surface in the tool mounting part of the broach spindle to limit the tool mounting position. Compared with traditional machining spindles, the addition of a mating surface with the tool allows the tool to meet both high speed and high torque requirements, enhancing the stability of the tool during rotational machining. When clamping the tool, the broach rod pulls the tool tight, causing the tool to simultaneously contact the mating end face and the mating conical surface, achieving a stable tool clamping effect. This ensures better machining quality and accuracy in the high-intensity cutting machining of gear turning machines and facilitates user operation.

[0017] 2. This utility model provides at least two guide rail surfaces for machine tool lifting and lowering drive on the spindle housing. Each guide rail surface is neither overlapping nor parallel, but is inclined at a certain angle. When installed on the machine tool, it can form a semi-enclosed installation structure. Compared with the traditional parallel or overlapping guide rail surfaces, the spindle housing of this application has more volume that can be incorporated into the installation structure, shortening the distance between the machine tool guide rail and the outermost edge of the spindle housing, further reducing the protruding volume of the spindle housing, improving the stability of the spindle housing during lifting and lowering, reducing mechanical vibration generated during machining, and ensuring machining accuracy and quality.

[0018] 3. This utility model also has a tool-changing assembly installed on the spindle housing for easy tool changing. It is connected to an external hydraulic device to inject hydraulic oil to drive the piston to press against the drawbar, so that the drawbar moves under pressure and pushes out the tool. Compared with the traditional method of using a cylinder to drive, the hydraulic drive has a greater force in the process of pressing the drawbar and the pressing process is more stable, which is suitable for pressing drawbars with huge tension. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a machine tool machining spindle according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of a machine tool machining spindle according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Internal structure diagram.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of B.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 C magnified view.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a top view of a machine tool machining spindle according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the machine tool of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] like Figures 3 to 4The machine tool spindle shown includes a spindle housing 1 for mounting on a machine tool and a tool mounting / removing assembly 2 installed inside the spindle housing 1. The tool mounting / removing assembly 2 includes a broach assembly 21 rotatable relative to the spindle housing 1. The broach assembly 21 includes a broach rod 211 for clamping the tool and a broach shaft core 215 for mounting the broach rod 211. The tool mounting portion of the broach shaft core 215 has a mating end face 2151 and a mating tapered surface 2152 for limiting the tool mounting position.

[0030] More specifically, the spindle housing 1 is a mounting and positioning housing for mounting the machining spindle on the machine tool. The tool mounting and dismounting assembly 2 is a tool clamping component located on the spindle housing 1 for clamping the machining tool 4. The tool mounting and dismounting assembly 2 includes a broach assembly 21 for clamping the machining tool 4. The broach assembly 21 can rotate relative to the spindle housing 1. The spindle housing 1 is equipped with a transmission mechanism 13 for connecting to the machine tool's power source. The machine tool's drive motor drives the transmission mechanism 13 to rotate the broach assembly 21, so that the machining tool 4 can rotate and perform cutting, realizing normal cutting function.

[0031] More specifically, the broach assembly 21 includes a broach rod 211 for clamping the machining tool 4 and a broach spindle 215 for mounting the broach rod 211. The broach spindle 215 is mounted inside the spindle housing 1 via bearings (which may be one of deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, rotary table bearings, etc.). At least two bearings are mounted at each of the head and tail ends of the broach spindle 215 to ensure that the broach spindle 215 maintains high stability and high speed during high-speed rotation, reduces the rotational resistance of the broach spindle 215, and reduces the wear rate of individual bearings. In addition, the broach spindle 215 adopts a hollow through-hole structure, with the through-hole in the middle for mounting the broach rod 211. The mounting position of the broach rod 211 is restricted by the shoulder of the spindle hole in the inner hole. One side of the inner hole of the broach spindle 215 has a clamping feature for the machining tool. The tool mounting section 4 has a mating end face 2151 and a mating conical surface 2152 for limiting the tool mounting position. The mating end face 2151 is a flat surface or structural plane for limiting the axial positioning of the machining tool 4, and the mating conical surface 2152 is a conical structural surface for limiting the radial positioning of the machining tool 4. The mating end face 2151 and the mating conical surface 2152 are preferably surface ground to improve smoothness and surface heat treated to improve hardness, forming a durable and non-deformable structural surface. Through the limitation of axial positioning and radial positioning, the mounting position of the machining tool 4 is fully limited, ensuring that the machining tool 4 has stable cutting rigidity. Under the tensioning force of the drawbar 211, the machining tool 4 meets the machining requirements of high speed and high torque, ensuring the machining quality and machining efficiency of the workpiece.

[0032] As another embodiment 101 of embodiment 1, the broach shaft core 215 of this embodiment has a deformation avoidance groove 2153 on the outer side of the tool mounting part. The deformation avoidance groove 2153 is arranged in a circle around the circumference of the tool mounting part to form an avoidance ring. When the machining tool 4 is installed into the tool mounting part and is affected by the tensioning force of the broach rod 211, after the machining tool 4 touches the mating cone surface 2152, the mating cone surface 2152 undergoes slight deformation and expands outward, so as to achieve the installation effect of fitting as close as possible to the mounting surface of the machining tool 4. The installation after deformation under the action of the deformation avoidance groove 2153 can avoid the fact that either the mating end face 2151 or the mating cone surface 2152 cannot actually contact the mounting surface of the machining tool 4 due to the error caused by the machining accuracy, avoid the generation of installation gap, improve the fit and contact stability of the installation, and strengthen the stable installation of the machining tool 4.

[0033] As another embodiment 102 of embodiment 1, such as Figures 3 to 4 The machine tool spindle shown has a plurality of stacked elastic deformable elements 212 axially sleeved on the outer side of the broach 211. A locking bushing 213 for limiting the installation position of the elastic deformable elements 212 is installed at the end of the broach 211 near the tool. A limiting shoulder 214 for limiting the installation position of the elastic deformable elements 212 is provided at the end of the broach 211 away from the locking bushing 213.

[0034] More specifically, the elastic deformable element 212 is an elastic tensioning component used to drive the broach rod 211 to tighten the machining tool 4. It is preferably made of accessories such as disc springs and elastic washers. The elastic deformable elements 212 can be stacked on the broach rod 211 in a nesting manner. The first elastic deformable element 212 to be nested stops after contacting the limiting shoulder 214, and then contacts the last elastic deformable element 212 through the locking bushing 213. This causes the locking bushing 213 to axially press the elastic deformable element 212 toward the limiting shoulder 214. The broach rod 211 is placed in the middle of the broach shaft core 215, and the locking bushing 213 abuts against the shaft core hole shoulder of the broach shaft core 215 near the tool mounting part. When the broach rod 211 needs to tighten the machining tool 4, the elastic deformable element 212 causes the broach rod 211 to be tightened along the middle of the broach shaft core 215 in a direction away from the machining tool 4, thereby achieving the effect of fastening and installing the machining tool 4.

[0035] As another embodiment 103 of embodiment 1, such as Figures 3 to 6 The machine tool spindle shown has a sliding sleeve 216 and a deformable clamp 217 for securing the tool installed at one end of the drawbar 211 near the tool. When the tool is installed in the deformable clamp 217, the drawbar 211 pulls the sliding sleeve 216 so that the sliding sleeve 216 touches the deformable clamp 217. The deformable clamp 217 undergoes elastic deformation and opens towards the tool, so that the tool respectively engages with the mating end face 2151 and the mating conical surface 2152.

[0036] More specifically, in this embodiment, the machining tool 4 preferably uses an HSK tool holder for clamping the cutting tool. The sliding sleeve 216 is a tensioning component for extending into the machining tool 4 and sliding axially along the axis of rotation. The deformable clamp 217 is a deformable component for extending into the machining tool 4 and being deformed by the pressure of the sliding sleeve 216. The HSK tool holder (Hohl Shaft Kegel tool system) can withstand high speeds and high torques and has good cutting force performance. The deformable clamp 217 is located between the sliding sleeve 216 and the machining tool 4. The deformable clamp 217 has multiple elastically deformable claws, and the claws have barbed protrusions 2171 protruding outwards. In use, after the HSK tool holder extends into the tool mounting part, the pull rod 211 drives the sliding sleeve 216 to retract and tighten. When the sliding sleeve 216 moves toward the inside of the pull rod shaft 215, the outer diameter surface of the sliding sleeve 216 touches the inner surface of the deformable clamp 217, and is subjected to pressure. Due to the tension of the drawbar 211, the sliding sleeve 216 presses against the deformable sleeve 217, causing the deformable sleeve 217 to expand outward. During the expansion and opening process, the barbed protrusion 2171 presses against the clamping cone surface inside the machining tool 4, causing the machining tool 4 to exert an upward tightening force. On this basis, the clamping cone surface of the machining tool 4 contacts the mating cone surface 2152, and the clamping end face of the machining tool 4 contacts the mating end face 2151, forming a clamping and fastening effect of two contact surfaces, thus achieving stable clamping.

[0037] More specifically, a tool removal assembly 22 for removing the tool is installed on the top of the spindle housing 1. When removing the tool, the tool removal assembly 22 presses against the drawbar 211. The tool removal assembly 22 generates a pressing force greater than the tensioning force of the drawbar 211, causing the drawbar 211 to move towards the tool mounting part. The sliding sleeve 216 is pushed out by the movement of the drawbar 211 and disengages from the deformable sleeve clamp 217. The deformable sleeve clamp 217 elastically resets and disengages from the clamping cone surface inside the machining tool 4, thereby realizing the loosening and disassembly of the machining tool 4.

[0038] As another embodiment 104 of embodiment 1, such as Figures 1 to 5 The machine tool spindle shown includes a tool removal and assembly 2, which further includes a tool changing assembly 22. The tool changing assembly 22 includes a tool changing cylinder 221 mounted on the spindle housing 1 and a piston 224 mounted inside the tool changing cylinder 221. The tool changing cylinder 221 has a cylinder inner cavity 222 for mounting the piston 224. The piston 224 can move directionally relative to the tool changing cylinder 221 along the cylinder inner cavity 222. The tool changing cylinder 221 has a cylinder connection port 223 for connecting the cylinder inner cavity 222 to the outside.

[0039] More specifically, the tool changing assembly 22 is a drive assembly used to assist in tool changing. The tool changing assembly 22 is installed on the spindle housing 1 away from the tool mounting section. The tool changing cylinder 221 is a fixed component that limits the installation position of the tool changing assembly 22, and the piston 224 is a moving component that extends and retracts to press the pull rod 211. The tool changing cylinder 221 has a cylinder connection port 223 located away from the spindle housing 1. The inner cavity 222 of the tool changing cylinder 221 is connected to the outside through the cylinder connection port 223. After the piston 224 is installed in the inner cavity 222, the inner cavity 222 forms a first inner cavity and a second inner cavity. One end of the piston 224 extends into the spindle housing 1, and the movement of the piston 224... To the installation position of the corresponding drawbar 211, one of the first inner cavity and the second inner cavity is connected to the cylinder connection port 223 for medium input. Taking the hydraulically driven piston 224 as an example, the user can install a hydraulic device on the machine tool and use a pipeline to connect the hydraulic device and the cylinder connection port 223. In use, the hydraulic device inputs hydraulic oil into the inner cavity 222 of the cylinder, and uses the oil pressure to drive the piston 224 to move. When it is necessary to disassemble the machining tool 4, the hydraulic device drives the piston 224 to move toward the drawbar 211. The piston 224 is pressed against the drawbar 211 by the oil pressure and generates a pushing force greater than the tensioning force of the drawbar 211, so that the drawbar 211 moves toward the tool mounting part, realizing the loosening and disassembly of the machining tool 4.

[0040] More specifically, the piston 224 is movably mounted on the cutter cylinder 221 and the spindle housing 1 via sealing assemblies 226. Each sealing assembly 226 has at least two elastic sealing rings. The elastic sealing rings can be one of the following: TC type oil seal ring, KC type oil seal ring, universal shaft hole seal ring, piston rod seal ring, etc. The elastic sealing rings have a directional sealing structure, with the sealing ends of adjacent elastic sealing rings facing outwards. Taking a single sealing assembly 226 with two elastic sealing rings as an example, two mutually opposing elastic sealing rings are provided between the piston 224 and the inner cavity 222 of the cylinder, and two mutually opposing elastic sealing rings are provided between the piston 224 and the spindle housing 1, in order to enhance the sealing performance of the inner cavity 222 of the cylinder and prevent gas or liquid leakage from reducing the top pressure effect of the piston 224.

[0041] As another embodiment 105 of embodiment 104, the user can also install a pneumatic device on the machine tool and use a pipeline to connect the pneumatic device and the cylinder connection port 223. In use, the pneumatic device inputs compressed gas into the inner cavity 222 of the cylinder and uses the force of air pressure to drive the piston 224 to move. When it is necessary to disassemble the machining tool 4, the pneumatic device drives the piston 224 to move toward the drawbar 211. The piston 224 is subjected to air pressure and presses against the drawbar 211 and generates a pushing force greater than the tensioning force of the drawbar 211, so that the drawbar 211 moves toward the tool mounting part, thereby realizing the loosening and disassembly of the machining tool 4.

[0042] As another embodiment 106 of embodiment 104, the piston 224 of the tool-changing assembly 22 adopts a split structure. The piston 224 includes a first piston 2241 and a second piston 2242. The first piston 2241 is a piston rod of the piston 224 that extends into the spindle housing 1 to press against the drawbar 211. The second piston 2242 is a piston block that moves axially along the inner cavity 222 of the cylinder under the influence of an external driving device. The first piston 2241 and the second piston 2242 are detachably connected and installed with clearance fit. By adopting a detachable connection, the piston 224 can be adapted to different travel strokes or different extension distances by replacing the first piston 2241 of different lengths without replacing the entire piston 224. It can also replace the damaged first piston 2241 or the second piston 2242 separately. It can be applied to machining spindles of different sizes of machine tools, improve the practicality of the tool-changing assembly 22, improve the convenience of maintenance, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0043] As another embodiment 107 of embodiment 104, the spindle housing 1 can adopt a split structure. The spindle housing 1 includes a housing top cover 12 located away from the tool mounting part. The tool holder assembly 22 is installed on the housing top cover 12 at the position corresponding to the drawbar 211. In use, the piston 224 passes through the housing top cover 12 and presses against the drawbar 211. The split structure of the spindle housing 1 can reduce the difficulty of production and spindle assembly, reduce production costs, and also allow for the installation of tool holder assemblies 22 with different driving methods (such as hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive, mechanical drive, etc.) by replacing the housing top cover 12, thereby improving the practicality of the spindle housing 1.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 The machine tool spindle shown has a spindle housing 1 with at least two guide surfaces 11 for machine tool lifting drive, each guide surface 11 being neither overlapping nor parallel.

[0046] More specifically, the guide rail surface 11 is a structural surface located on the outer surface of the spindle housing 1 for mounting on the machine tool moving device. The guide rail surface 11 has a guide rail groove for the moving device to connect with. The guide rail surface 11 is parallel to the rotation axis of the broach spindle core 215, so that the machine tool moving device can drive the spindle housing 1 to rise or fall along the guide rail groove, realizing the movement of the spindle housing 1 relative to the workpiece in the Z-axis direction. On this basis, the outer side of the spindle housing 1 has at least two non-coincident and non-parallel guide rail surfaces 11, and adjacent guide rail surfaces 11 form an inclined angle α. Optionally, the angle of the inclined angle α is between 5 and 120 degrees. The angle of the inclined angle α directly affects the relationship between the guide rail surface 11 and the outermost position of the spindle housing 1. The greater the angle of inclination α between the two guide rails, the lower the effect of improving stability; the smaller the angle of inclination α, the more obvious the effect of improving stability. Preferably, the stability is better when the angle of inclination α is 60 degrees or 45 degrees. More specifically, the adjacent guide rail surfaces 11 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the plane containing the rotation axis of the broach assembly 21. The tool assembly 2 is located within the angle range of the inclination α. ​​Compared with the traditional guide rail surfaces that are parallel or overlapping, the guide rail surfaces with this arrangement have better stability in lifting and lowering, can further resist the impact generated by cutting, reduce the mechanical vibration of the cutting process, facilitate stable cutting feed, and improve machining quality, machining accuracy and machining efficiency.

[0047] Example 3:

[0048] like Figures 2 to 3 The machine tool spindle shown has a flushing assembly 3 installed on the spindle housing 1 near the tool. The flushing assembly 3 has at least two flushing nozzles 31 facing the tool.

[0049] More specifically, the flushing assembly 3 is a cleaning component used to flush away material debris or tangled wire generated during cutting. During high-speed cutting, due to the rapid cutting of the workpiece, a large amount of debris flies out between the workpiece and the cutting tool 4, or a large amount of uncut wire becomes entangled on the workpiece or cutting tool 4. If these debris or wires are not cleaned in time, they will re-contact the workpiece surface, causing scratches or affecting tool cutting, directly impacting machining quality and efficiency. To solve this problem, this embodiment installs the flushing assembly 3 on the spindle housing 1 to promptly clean away debris or... More specifically, the flushing assembly 3 includes a flushing interface on the spindle housing 1 and a flushing nozzle 31 connected to the flushing interface. The flushing interface is used to connect to the machine tool's flushing and chip removal circulation system so that flushing fluid (which may be coolant or flushing oil) can be supplied and flow to the flushing nozzle 31 for spraying. The flushing direction of at least two flushing nozzles 31 is towards the machining tool 4. The connection between the flushing nozzle 31 and the flushing interface is a twistable and shape-adjustable bent tube. The user can adjust the orientation of the flushing nozzle 31 according to the specific extension position of the machining tool 4 so that the flushing nozzle 31 can be aligned with the tip of the machining tool 4.

[0050] In another embodiment 301 of embodiment 3, the connection between the flushing nozzle 31 and the flushing interface can be achieved by a motor-driven steering mechanism (not shown). The micro motor drives the steering mechanism (which can be one of the following rotation methods and structures: belt drive, chain drive, gear drive, or hinged rotation) to rotate the flushing nozzle 31. The micro motor is connected to the machine tool control system to facilitate the automatic adjustment of the flushing direction of the flushing nozzle 31 without manual adjustment, which helps to assist in the realization of automated cutting processing.

[0051] As another embodiment 302 of embodiment 3, the connection between the flushing nozzle 31 and the flushing interface can be achieved by a cylinder-driven steering mechanism (not shown). The rotating mechanism (which can be driven by a retractable cylinder, such as belt drive, chain drive, gear drive, or hinged rotation) drives the flushing nozzle 31 to rotate. The cylinder is connected to the machine tool control system to achieve automatic adjustment of the flushing direction of the flushing nozzle 31 without manual adjustment, which helps to assist in the realization of automated cutting processing.

[0052] As another embodiment 303 of embodiment 3, the connection between the flushing nozzle 31 and the flushing interface can be achieved by a hydraulic cylinder driven steering mechanism (not shown). The steering mechanism (which can be driven by one of the following methods and structures: belt drive, chain drive, gear drive, or hinged rotation) is driven by a retractable hydraulic cylinder to rotate the flushing nozzle 31. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the machine tool control system to achieve automatic adjustment of the flushing direction of the flushing nozzle 31 without manual adjustment, which helps to assist in the realization of automated cutting processing.

[0053] Example 4:

[0054] like Figure 8 The machine tool shown has a machine tool machining spindle mounted on the axis drive device 51 of the machine tool body 5. The spindle housing 1 is mounted on the moving guide rail of the axis drive device 51 via the guide rail surface 11. The machine tool body 5 drives the machine tool machining spindle to move up and down along the guide rail groove of the guide rail surface 11 via the axis drive device 51. By utilizing the mounting structure with an inclined included angle α of the adjacent guide rail surfaces 11, the lifting stability and machining stability of the machine tool machining spindle are further improved, ensuring the machining quality, machining accuracy and machining efficiency of the cutting process.

[0055] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the specific embodiments of this utility model are as follows:

[0056] When installing the spindle, the spindle housing 1 is mounted on the moving guide rail of the axis drive device 51 via the guide rail surface 11. The machine tool body 5 drives the machine tool machining spindle to move up and down along the guide rail groove of the guide rail surface 11 via the axis drive device 51, thereby realizing the directional (Z-axis) lifting and lowering movement of the machine tool machining spindle.

[0057] When clamping the tool, the user inserts the machining tool 4 with an HSK tool holder into the tool mounting part, and then activates the external hydraulic device of the machine tool to draw hydraulic oil out of the cylinder body cavity 222. The hydraulic pressure drives the piston 224 away from the drawbar 211, so that the drawbar 211 is driven by the elastic restoring force of the elastic deformation member 212 to retract and tighten the sliding sleeve 216. When the sliding sleeve 216 moves toward the inside of the drawbar shaft core 215, the outer diameter surface of the sliding sleeve 216 touches the inner surface of the deformable sleeve clamp 217, and is tightened by the drawbar 211. Due to the influence of the sliding sleeve 216 pressing against the deformable sleeve 217, the deformable sleeve 217 deforms and expands outward. During the expansion and opening process, the barbed protrusion 2171 presses against the clamping cone surface inside the machining tool 4, so that the machining tool 4 exerts an upward tightening force. On this basis, the clamping cone surface of the machining tool 4 contacts the mating cone surface 2152, and the clamping end face of the machining tool 4 contacts the mating end face 2151, forming a clamping and fastening effect of two contact surfaces, thus achieving a stable clamping of the machining tool 4.

[0058] During cutting, the machine tool's drive motor drives the transmission mechanism 13 to rotate the broach assembly 21, allowing the cutting tool 4 to rotate and contact the workpiece for cutting, thus realizing the cutting process of the machine tool's machining spindle.

[0059] When disassembling the tool, the user starts the external hydraulic device through the machine tool to drive the piston 224 to move toward the drawbar 211. The piston 224 is pressed against the drawbar 211 by the oil pressure and generates a pushing force greater than the tensioning force of the drawbar 211, so that the drawbar 211 moves toward the tool mounting part. The sliding sleeve 216 is pushed out by the movement of the drawbar 211 and disengages from the deformable sleeve clamp 217. The deformable sleeve clamp 217 elastically resets and disengages from the clamping cone surface inside the machining tool 4, thereby realizing the loosening and disassembly of the machining tool 4.

[0060] The above examples are merely illustrative of the technical content of this utility model to facilitate reader understanding, but do not imply that the implementation of this utility model is limited to these embodiments. Any technical extensions or re-creations made based on this utility model are protected by this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A machine tool machining spindle, characterized in that: The tool assembly includes a spindle housing (1) for mounting on a machine tool and a tool mounting / removing assembly (2) mounted inside the spindle housing (1). The tool mounting / removing assembly (2) includes a broach assembly (21) rotatable relative to the spindle housing (1). The broach assembly (21) includes a broach bar (211) for clamping the tool and a broach spindle core (215) for mounting the broach bar (211). The tool mounting portion of the broach spindle core (215) has a mating end face (2151) and a mating conical surface (2152) for limiting the tool mounting position.

2. A machine tool machining spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle housing (1) has at least two guide surfaces (11) for machine tool lifting drive, and each guide surface (11) is neither overlapping nor parallel.

3. A machine tool machining spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rail surface (11) is parallel to the rotation axis of the broach shaft (215), and an inclined angle α is formed between adjacent guide rail surfaces (11), the angle of the inclined angle α being between 5 and 120 degrees.

4. A machine tool machining spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the pull rod (211) is fitted with a plurality of elastic deformable elements (212) stacked on each other along the axial direction. The end of the pull rod (211) near the cutter is fitted with a locking bushing (213) for limiting the installation position of the elastic deformable elements (212). The end of the pull rod (211) away from the locking bushing (213) has a limiting shoulder (214) for limiting the installation position of the elastic deformable elements (212).

5. A machine tool machining spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drawbar (211) is equipped with a sliding sleeve (216) and a deformable sleeve clamp (217) for fastening the tool at one end near the tool. When the tool is installed in the deformable sleeve clamp (217), the drawbar (211) pulls the sliding sleeve (216) so that the sliding sleeve (216) touches the deformable sleeve clamp (217). The deformable sleeve clamp (217) undergoes elastic deformation and opens and presses against the tool, so that the tool respectively engages with the mating end face (2151) and the mating cone surface (2152).

6. A machine tool machining spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool removal and assembly (2) further includes a tool changing assembly (22) for tool replacement. The tool changing assembly (22) includes a tool changing cylinder (221) mounted on the spindle housing (1) and a piston (224) mounted inside the tool changing cylinder (221). The tool changing cylinder (221) has a cylinder inner cavity (222) for mounting the piston (224). The piston (224) can move directionally relative to the tool changing cylinder (221) along the cylinder inner cavity (222). The tool changing cylinder (221) has a cylinder connection port (223) for communicating the cylinder inner cavity (222) with the outside.

7. A machine tool machining spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the piston (224) extends into the interior of the spindle housing (1). The moving direction of the piston (224) corresponds to the installation position of the drawbar (211). The piston (224) is movably installed on the cutter cylinder (221) and the spindle housing (1) respectively through sealing groups (226). Each sealing group (226) has at least two elastic sealing rings.

8. A machine tool machining spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner cavity (222) of the cylinder is connected to an external hydraulic device. Hydraulic oil flows into the inner cavity (222) of the cylinder through the oil pipe from the cylinder connection port (223). The piston (224) pushes against the drawbar (211) under the action of oil pressure, so as to push the drawbar (211) to move towards the tool.

9. A machine tool machining spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flushing assembly (3) is installed on the spindle housing (1) near the tool. The flushing assembly (3) has at least two flushing nozzles (31) facing the tool.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that: The machine tool spindle is equipped with any one of claims 1-9.

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