Direct-current output high-voltage capacitor electricity taking module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency high-voltage capacitor electricity taking module, which comprises a high-voltage electricity taking capacitor, a main transformer and a stabilizing circuit, an external high-voltage line is firstly subjected to voltage reduction through the high-voltage capacitor, electric energy is generated on the primary side of the transformer, and the electric energy is further subjected to voltage reduction through the transformer, rectified and then output through the voltage stabilizing circuit. The voltage stabilizing circuit is composed of an internal consumption load and a pwm control circuit. When the output load is relatively light, the internal consumption resistance load is automatically increased, so that the output energy is reduced; otherwise, the output energy is increased. Therefore, the stability of the output voltage is realized. According to the direct current output high-voltage capacitor electricity taking module, the effect that the internal consumption is the lowest under the condition of high-load operation can be achieved, the conversion efficiency of a circuit is improved, the internal loss is basically Ow, all energy is output, and the highest efficiency is more than 99%. And the output is direct-current voltage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a power supply module, and more specifically to a DC output high-voltage capacitor power supply module. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage capacitor power extraction technology refers to a technique that converts the high-voltage electrical energy of high-voltage transmission lines into safe low-voltage electrical energy. It is typically used to supply a stable power source for low-voltage control electrical equipment on high-voltage lines and equipment. This ensures the long-term operation of the load equipment and is suitable as a reliable power supply for online detection, inspection, anti-theft, and control electrical equipment on high-voltage transmission lines.

[0003] Based on the existing technology that uses batteries as voltage regulators, a patent with patent number 202110144674.9, entitled "High-Voltage Power Supply Circuit, Device, Control Method, and High-Voltage Power Supply Device," discloses a method to regulate the output voltage of a first inductor by controlling the conduction time of a first field-effect transistor (FET) through a control circuit. This solves the problem of short battery life compared to existing battery-based methods. However, the control circuit in this method controls the on / off state of the FET and then regulates the voltage through the charging and discharging of the first inductor. During operation, current needs to flow through the first inductor. Therefore, when providing power to a high load, a large current flows through the first inductor, causing it to overheat significantly, and its conversion efficiency is generally below 90%. Furthermore, since the high voltage on the input line is not stepped down by a capacitor or isolated by a transformer, it is directly connected in series with the control system, resulting in poor safety. Additionally, the use of high-frequency modulation directly introduces high-frequency harmonic current into the high-voltage side, leading to poor partial discharge characteristics and easy interference with external electrical equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a DC output high voltage capacitor power supply module that generates less heat and has the lowest loss when supplying power to high loads.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module, comprising:

[0006] The power supply circuit is connected to an external high-voltage line to receive electrical energy from the high-voltage line, and outputs the electrical energy after it is isolated and stepped down by a transformer.

[0007] The rectifier circuit consists of a rectifier diode Z and a capacitor C1. The rectifier diode Z is connected to the power extraction circuit, and the capacitor C1 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier diode Z, which converts the AC voltage output by the power extraction circuit into a DC voltage output.

[0008] The voltage regulator circuit is connected to the rectifier circuit and also to the output load. The voltage regulator circuit has a dissipating load inside, and the output voltage is controlled by adjusting the current of the internal dissipating load, thereby achieving output voltage stability.

[0009] The voltage regulator circuit reduces the output voltage by increasing the current flowing through the internal load when the output load becomes lighter, i.e., the output current decreases and the output voltage increases; and increases the output voltage by reducing the current in the internal load when the external load becomes heavier.

[0010] Alternatively, when the input voltage increases, i.e., the output voltage increases, the output voltage can be reduced by increasing the current flowing through the internal load; when the input voltage decreases, the output voltage can be increased by reducing the current flowing through the internal load.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the voltage regulator circuit includes:

[0012] The power consumption resistor R1 is a power consumption load. One end of the power consumption resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier diode Z; it is connected in parallel with the external output load.

[0013] The modulation transistor Q has its first end connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, and its second end connected to one output end of the overall module, forming a current loop with the consumption resistor R1; the control terminal receives signals to adjust the magnitude of the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 and the output terminal.

[0014] Control circuit U, which is connected to the control terminal of modulation tube Q, to send a signal to the control terminal of modulation tube Q;

[0015] In this circuit, when the output load becomes lighter or the input voltage becomes higher (i.e., the output current decreases and the output voltage increases), the control circuit U controls the modulation transistor Q to increase the current flowing through the internal consumption resistor R1 to reduce the output voltage. When the external load becomes heavier or the input voltage becomes lower, the control circuit Q reduces the current on the internal consumption resistor R1 to increase the voltage on the output load, thereby stabilizing the output within a certain value.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, the modulation transistor Q is a transistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, the emitter is connected to one end of the overall module output, and the base is connected to the control circuit U. The control circuit U controls the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 by changing the magnitude of the current input to the base.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, the modulation transistor Q is a field-effect transistor. The drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, the source is connected to one end of the overall module output, and the gate is connected to the control circuit U. The control circuit U controls the magnitude of the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 by changing the duty cycle of the square wave input to the gate.

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, the power supply circuit includes:

[0019] A step-down capacitor C, one end of which is connected to one end of an external high-voltage line;

[0020] Transformer T has its input side connected to one end of step-down capacitor C and its other end connected to the other end of the high-voltage line, forming a circuit to receive electrical energy after it has been stepped down by step-down capacitor C, and then output the electrical energy through the output side of transformer T after further step-down and isolation.

[0021] As a further improvement of this utility model, the control circuit U is also connected to an external output load as a sampling signal of the DC output voltage to form a closed-loop control.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that, through the setting of the power extraction circuit and voltage regulation circuit, it can simply and effectively draw power from the high-voltage line, output it after transformer isolation, step-down rectification, and when the output load is detected to be light, the control circuit U increases the current on the internal load-consuming resistor R1 through the modulation tube Q, thereby reducing the output voltage; when the external load becomes heavy, the control circuit U decreases the current on the internal load-consuming resistor R1 through the modulation tube Q, thereby increasing the output voltage. This achieves overall module output DC voltage stability; it also has lower power consumption under long-term high load conditions. Compared with existing technologies, it generates less heat and has lower losses, with a maximum conversion efficiency greater than 99%; and it improves reliability and lifespan under normal operation.

[0023] Meanwhile, since the energy on the input side of the transformer is always in a balanced state, it can effectively reduce the current fluctuations and harmonic components on the primary high-voltage circuit. This has greater advantages and significance for high-voltage power extraction devices that draw power through grounding leakage current, and it suppresses the amplitude of partial discharge. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Reference Figure 1As shown, a DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module according to this embodiment includes:

[0027] Power supply circuit 1 is connected to an external high-voltage line to receive electrical energy from the high-voltage line, and outputs the electrical energy after it is isolated and stepped down by a transformer.

[0028] The rectifier circuit consists of a rectifier diode Z and a capacitor C1. The rectifier diode Z is connected to the power supply circuit 1, and the capacitor C1 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier diode Z, which converts the AC voltage output by the power supply circuit 1 into a DC voltage output.

[0029] The voltage regulator circuit 2 is connected to the rectifier circuit and also to the output load. The voltage regulator circuit 2 has a consuming load inside, and the output voltage is controlled by adjusting the current of the internal consuming load, thereby achieving output voltage stability.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the output load becomes lighter (i.e., the output current becomes lighter and the output voltage becomes higher), the voltage regulator circuit 2 reduces the output voltage by increasing the current flowing through the internal load. When the external load becomes heavier, it increases the output voltage by reducing the current in the internal load. When using the high-voltage capacitor power supply module of this embodiment, it is only necessary to connect the power supply circuit 1 to the external high-voltage line and the voltage regulator circuit 2 to the load. In this way, the power supply circuit 1 and the voltage regulator circuit 2 can draw power from the high-voltage line and then output a regulated power supply. In the process of voltage regulation control by voltage regulator circuit 2, compared with the existing technology, it can achieve the following under high load conditions: when the power module outputs at high load, the internal load is absorbed without consuming energy, and all energy is used for output. Therefore, the loss is very low at full power output, resulting in very little heat generation. At the same time, since the detection equipment on the actual high-voltage line is basically not in a no-load operation state, the loss caused by no-load conditions in the power module of this embodiment is basically non-existent. Thus, compared with the existing method, it can effectively achieve the effect of lower overall loss. Similarly, when the input voltage (i.e., the input voltage of the external high-voltage line) increases, the output voltage increases. By increasing the internal consumption, the voltage applied to the load is stabilized. When the input voltage decreases, the output voltage decreases. By reducing the internal consumption, the voltage applied to the output load is stabilized, thus achieving voltage regulation of the output AC voltage when the input voltage changes.

[0031] The voltage regulator circuit 2 includes:

[0032] The power consumption resistor R1 is a power consumption load. One end of the power consumption resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier diode Z; it is connected in parallel with the external output load.

[0033] The modulation transistor Q has its first end connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, and its second end connected to the output terminal of the overall module, forming a current loop with the consumption resistor R1; the control terminal receives signals to adjust the magnitude of the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 and the output terminal.

[0034] Control circuit U, which is connected to the control terminal of modulation tube Q, to send a signal to the control terminal of modulation tube Q;

[0035] In this circuit, when the output load becomes lighter or the input voltage becomes higher (i.e., the output current decreases and the output voltage increases), the control circuit U controls the modulation transistor Q to increase the current flowing through the internal dissipation resistor R1 to reduce the output voltage. When the external load becomes heavier or the input voltage becomes lower, the modulation transistor Q reduces the current through the internal dissipation resistor R1 to increase the voltage on the output load, thereby stabilizing the output within a certain value. By setting the dissipation resistor R1, it can be effectively used as a load dissipation device. By combining the modulation transistor Q and the control circuit U, the current flowing through the dissipation resistor R1 can be effectively controlled.

[0036] As a specific implementation of the improved modulation transistor Q, the modulation transistor Q is a transistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, the emitter is connected to one end of the overall module output, and the base is connected to the control circuit U. The control circuit U controls the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 by changing the current input to the base. The current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 can be controlled by the current amplification principle of the transistor.

[0037] As another specific implementation of the improved modulation transistor Q, the modulation transistor Q is a field-effect transistor. The drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, the source is connected to one end of the overall module output, and the gate is connected to the control circuit U. The control circuit U controls the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 by changing the duty cycle of the square wave input to the gate. By sending the PWM signal to the field-effect transistor Q, the conduction time ratio of the modulation transistor Q can be changed by changing the duty cycle of the square wave output by the control circuit U, thereby further changing the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1.

[0038] As one specific implementation of the improvement, the power supply circuit 1 includes:

[0039] A step-down capacitor C, one end of which is connected to one end of an external high-voltage line;

[0040] Transformer T has its input side connected to one end of step-down capacitor C, and its other end connected to the other end of the high-voltage line, forming a circuit. This circuit receives electrical energy after it has been stepped down by capacitor C, and further steps down and isolates the energy before outputting it through the output side of transformer T. By using step-down capacitor C, the voltage input from the external high-voltage line can be effectively stepped down so that the voltage can be converted by transformer T. Furthermore, by using transformer T, the voltage after step-down capacitor C can be further stepped down and safely isolated before being output.

[0041] As an improved implementation, the control circuit U is also connected to an external output load as a sampling signal of the output voltage to form a closed-loop control, thereby increasing the magnitude and accuracy of the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 controlled by the control circuit U.

[0042] In summary, the high-voltage capacitor power-harvesting module of this embodiment, through the configuration of power-harvesting circuit 1 and voltage-stabilizing circuit 2, can effectively draw power from external high-voltage lines and then stabilize the output voltage through voltage-stabilizing circuit 2. When the output load is light, voltage-stabilizing circuit 2 increases internal losses to stabilize the voltage applied to the load; when the output load is heavy, it reduces internal losses to stabilize the voltage applied to the output load. This effectively achieves the effect of less power consumption and less heat generation in the power-harvesting module under high load conditions.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module, characterized in that: include: The power supply circuit (1) is connected to the external high-voltage line to receive the power energy from the high-voltage line and output the power energy after it is isolated by transformer and stepped down. The rectifier circuit consists of a rectifier diode Z and a capacitor C1. The rectifier diode Z is connected to the power supply circuit (1), and the capacitor C1 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier diode Z, which converts the AC voltage output by the power supply circuit (1) into a DC voltage output. The voltage regulator circuit (2) is connected to the rectifier circuit and also to the output load. The voltage regulator circuit (2) has a power consumption load inside. The output voltage is controlled by adjusting the current of the power consumption load inside, thereby achieving output voltage stability. Among them, when the output load becomes lighter, that is, the output current becomes smaller and the output voltage becomes higher, the voltage regulator circuit (2) reduces the output voltage by increasing the current flowing through the internal load; when the output load becomes heavier, it increases the output voltage by reducing the current on the internal load. Alternatively, when the input voltage increases, i.e., the output voltage increases, the output voltage can be reduced by increasing the current flowing through the internal load; when the input voltage decreases, the output voltage can be increased by reducing the current flowing through the internal load.

2. The DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulator circuit (2) includes: The power consumption resistor R1 is a power consumption load. One end of the power consumption resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier diode Z; it is connected in parallel with the output load. The modulation transistor Q has its first end connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, and its second end connected to the output terminal of the overall module, forming a current loop with the consumption resistor R1; the control terminal receives signals to adjust the magnitude of the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 and the output terminal. A control circuit U is connected to the control terminal of the modulation tube Q to send a signal to the control terminal of the modulation tube Q. Specifically, when the output load becomes lighter or the input voltage becomes higher (i.e., the output current decreases and the output voltage increases), the control circuit U controls the modulation transistor Q to increase the current flowing through the internal consumption resistor R1 to reduce the output voltage. When the output load becomes heavier or the input voltage becomes lower, the modulation transistor Q reduces the current in the internal consumption resistor R1 to increase the voltage on the output load, thereby stabilizing the output within a certain value.

3. The DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The modulation transistor Q is a triode. The collector of the triode is connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, the emitter is connected to one end of the overall module output, and the base is connected to the control circuit U. The control circuit U controls the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 by changing the current input to the base.

4. The DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The modulation transistor Q is a field-effect transistor. The drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the end of the consumption resistor R1, the source is connected to one end of the overall module output, and the gate is connected to the control circuit U. The control circuit U controls the current flowing through the consumption resistor R1 by changing the duty cycle of the square wave input to the gate.

5. The DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The power supply circuit (1) includes: A step-down capacitor C, one end of which is connected to one end of an external high-voltage line; Transformer T has its input side connected to one end of step-down capacitor C and its other end connected to the other end of the high-voltage line, forming a circuit to receive electrical energy after it has been stepped down by step-down capacitor C, and then further step down and isolate the electrical energy before outputting it through the output side of transformer T.

6. The DC output high-voltage capacitor power extraction module according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The control circuit U is also connected to an external output load as a sampling signal for the output voltage, forming a closed-loop control.

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