Straw cleaning device and field returning machine adopting straw cleaning device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a straw cleaning device and a returning machine adopting the straw cleaning device, the straw cleaning device comprises one or a plurality of cleaning assemblies arranged in parallel, each cleaning assembly comprises a volute, the volute is fixedly arranged and sleeved outside a first auger, the first auger comprises a shaft rod, the shaft rod is sleeved outside the volute, and the shaft rod is sleeved outside the first auger. A spiral extending blade is arranged on the shaft rod, the volute comprises a cambered surface section, the two ends of the cambered surface section extend outwards to form a first free end and a second free end, the volute and the first auger define a removing cavity, and the first free end and the second free end jointly form a suction inlet with a downward opening. When the first auger rotates under the action of an external driving unit, guiding airflow can be generated on the periphery of the first auger, so that straw enters the clearing cavity through the suction inlet. The field returning machine comprises a machine frame, and a straw smashing unit and a straw cleaning device are sequentially arranged on the machine frame. The straw cleaning device is reasonable in structure and good in straw cleaning effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural production equipment technical field, concretely is a kind of straw cleaning device and adopt the straw cleaning device of still field machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is a common agricultural measure to crush the straw remaining after crop harvesting and return it to the field, which can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil structure, improve soil fertility and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, while effectively avoiding environmental pollution caused by straw burning.

[0003] The straw crushing and returning machine for crushing straw and returning it to the field, the existing straw crushing and returning machine includes a straw crushing unit, as shown in the crushing mechanism in the application number CN202222410166.3 named a residual film packing machine, most of the straw crushed by the crushing knife can be discharged to one side under the action of the conveying auger, but in production practice, the crushed straw is of varying lengths and often disorganized, and a lot of straw often remains in the field, affecting subsequent field planting operations; in addition, large field films are widely used, and the residual film in the field must be picked up and packed before the next round of planting, as shown in CN202020061380.0 named a residual film picking and packing integrated machine, the residual film machine is easy to carry away the straw when picking up the residual film in the field, affecting the operation and packing of the residual film machine, and is also easy to block the residual film machine. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model discloses a kind of straw cleaning device and adopt the straw cleaning device of still field machine, it solves the technical problem that straw remains after the straw crushing and gathering in prior art, affects subsequent field operation, increases the burden of residual film machine, with The technical advantages that structure is reasonable, straw removal effect is good and can greatly facilitate residual film machine operation. The technical scheme adopted is as follows:

[0005] A kind of straw cleaning device, one or more cleaning components are arranged side by side, the cleaning component includes volute, the volute is fixedly arranged and is set in the first auger, the first auger includes shaft, the shaft is provided with helical blade, the volute includes arc section, the both ends of the arc section are outwardly extended to form first free end and second free end, the volute and first auger form removal cavity, the first end of the removal cavity is closed, the second end of the removal cavity forms discharge port, and the first free end and second free end form suction inlet with opening downward, when the first auger is rotated under the action of external driving unit, guided airflow can be generated at the periphery of first auger, so that straw enters removal cavity through suction inlet.

[0006] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the cleaning assembly is provided with a plurality of cleaning assemblies, and the plurality of cleaning assemblies are arranged side by side along the displacement direction of the straw cleaning device.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the suction inlet is trumpet-shaped, and the suction inlet is inclined by 30-60° towards the advancing direction of the straw cleaning device.

[0008] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the shaft rod is further provided with a fan blade, and the fan blade is designed to enhance the guide air flow generated around the shaft rod when the shaft rod rotates.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the fan blade has a plurality of fan plates arranged circumferentially, and the fan plate extends in the radial direction of the shaft rod in the width direction and extends along the axis of the shaft rod in the length direction.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the fan plates arranged in the extension direction of the fan blade are arranged to avoid the blade.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the width of the fan blade in the radial direction is 30-60% of the width of the blade.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the spiral channel formed by the blade is provided with a plurality of fan blades, the fan blade includes a wind plate, the wind plate is arranged on the shaft rod through a wind plate seat, and the wind plate is designed to enhance the guide air flow generated around the shaft rod when the shaft rod drives the wind plate to rotate.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the wind plate is hinged or fixed on the wind plate seat.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the wind plate includes two vertically arranged vertical plates, and a connecting plate is vertically and fixedly connected to the upper part of the vertical plate, and the two connecting plates jointly form the wind plate.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the shaft rod includes an intermediate shaft tube, a connecting shaft is fixedly arranged at both ends of the intermediate shaft tube, and the blade and the fan blade are fixedly arranged on the intermediate shaft tube.

[0016] A still field machine includes a frame, the frame is provided with two side plates arranged oppositely, and a straw crushing unit and a straw cleaning device as described above are arranged in sequence between the two side plates.

[0017] The straw crushing unit is used for crushing straw and throwing and spreading the crushed straw outward.

[0018] The straw cleaning device is used for entering the crushed straw remaining on the ground into the cleaning cavity through the suction inlet and discharging laterally.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the straw smashing unit is further covered with a protective cover.

[0020] On the basis of the above technical scheme, further comprising a second auger and a supporting plate arranged above the straw cleaning device, the supporting plate is sleeved outside the second auger and forms a foreign matter removal cavity together with the second auger, one end of the foreign matter removal cavity is open, and the two free ends of the supporting plate jointly form a discharging opening with an upward opening.

[0021] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the discharging opening is trumpet-shaped, and the discharging opening has an angle that is inclined towards the rear of the displacement direction of the cleaning device.

[0022] Beneficial effects

[0023] The utility model discloses a reasonable structure, and the straw cleaning device includes one or more cleaning components, the cleaning component includes a volute and a first auger, the volute is sleeved outside the first auger, when the first auger is high speed rotation, can form larger guide airflow in the circumferential space of the first auger, create negative pressure environment, promote the straw on the ground to enter the cleaning cavity upwards, so can realize the purpose of automatic picking up residual straw, not only the straw is more clean to gather, avoid the influence to subsequent planting, still can greatly reduce the operation burden and failure rate of residual film picking mechanism. The number of cleaning components can be flexibly set according to the use demand, and the use is convenient.

[0024] The suction inlet formed by the volute is trumpet-shaped and has an inclination angle, can cover larger area, makes the straw scattered on the ground be efficiently and directionally gathered in the volute, and then is discharged outward under the action of the auger, so that the straw is more clean to gather, and subsequent operation is facilitated.

[0025] In the utility model, the fan blade is further arranged on the shaft, the fan blade can ensure that the auger forms large enough guide airflow, and the straw is more fully sucked into the cleaning cavity, so that the straw cleaning effect is better, and the energy consumption is reduced by avoiding forming enough guide airflow by increasing the rotating speed of the shaft. In addition, when the cleaning cavity has enough guide airflow, the blocking situation can be avoided, the structure is simplified, the straw is smoothly discharged by avoiding the auxiliary equipment such as the fan, and the volume is small.

[0026] In the utility model, the fan blade is further arranged on the shaft, the fan blade can ensure that the auger forms large enough guide airflow, and the straw is more fully sucked into the cleaning cavity, so that the straw cleaning effect is better, and the energy consumption is reduced by avoiding forming enough guide airflow by increasing the rotating speed of the shaft. In addition, when the cleaning cavity has enough guide airflow, the blocking situation can be avoided, the structure is simplified, the straw is smoothly discharged by avoiding the auxiliary equipment such as the fan, and the volume is small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the provided drawings without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 : the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the straw cleaning device in embodiment 1;

[0029] Figure 2 : the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the first auger in embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 3 : the cross-sectional structure schematic view of the first auger front view in embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 4 : Figure 3 : the local enlarged structure schematic view at A in embodiment 1;

[0032] Figure 5 : the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the field leveling machine in embodiment 1 Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 6 : the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure schematic view of the field leveling machine in embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 7 : the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the field leveling machine in embodiment 1 Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 8 : the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the straw cleaning device in embodiment 2;

[0036] Figure 9 : the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the field leveling machine in embodiment 3;

[0037] Figure 10 : the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the first auger in embodiment 4; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following description and drawings are illustrative of specific embodiments thereof and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments. Parts and features of some embodiments can be included or substituted in or for parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments encompass the full scope of the claims and all available equivalents thereof. In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used merely as identifiers not requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between elements. Indeed, the first element could be termed the second element without changing the meaning of the description, and vice versa. Also, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, device or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such structure, device or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the structure, device or apparatus that includes the element. Various embodiments are described in progressive stages of development, each embodiment highlighting differences from other embodiments, and each embodiment referring to other embodiments for commonalities. The embodiments are described in progressive stages of development, each embodiment highlighting differences from other embodiments, and each embodiment referring to other embodiments for commonalities.

[0039] The terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like, as used herein, refer to the orientation or position shown in the drawings, and are merely used for convenience and in the description of the present document, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In the description of the present document, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can be a communication between two elements, it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this document, the term "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0041] In this document, the character " / " represents an "or" relationship between the objects before and after it. For example, A / B means A or B.

[0042] In this document, the term "and / or" is a description of the relationship between the objects, which means that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B means that there are three relationships of A or B, or A and B.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] As Figures 1-4 shown in one of the straw cleaning device, including a cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly includes volute 5, volute 5 is fixedly arranged, volute 5 is set outside the first auger, the first auger includes shaft 1, in this embodiment, the shaft 1 includes the intermediate shaft tube 11, the both ends of the intermediate shaft tube 11 are fixedly provided with the connecting shaft 12, the shaft 11 is hollow tubular in this application, light in weight, and has sufficient structural strength. Two connecting shafts 12 are sleeved with bearings, and the external driving unit can transmit rotary motion to one connecting shaft 12, so that the first auger can be driven to rotate. As Figure 2 shown, the intermediate shaft tube 11 is fixedly provided with a helically extending blade 2.

[0045] As shown in the figure, the volute 5 includes an arc segment, and the arc segment is coaxial with the shaft 1, the both ends of the arc segment are extended outward along the section direction to form a first free end 51 and a second free end 52, so that the volute 5 and the first auger form a cleaning cavity, and the axial first end of the cleaning cavity is closed, and the axial second end forms a discharge port.

[0046] The first free end 51 and the second free end 52 jointly form a suction inlet facing downward, as Figure 1 shown, the suction inlet is trumpet-shaped, which can cover a larger ground area, and the suction inlet has an angle inclined to the displacement direction of the cleaning device, and the inclination angle of the suction inlet is 30-60°, and in this embodiment, the inclination angle of the suction inlet is 45°, so that on the one hand, the coverage area of the suction inlet is further improved, and on the other hand, the second free end 52 of the volute 5 is arranged close to the ground, and the end of the second free end 52 includes a detachably connected rubber scraper 6, which can be replaced more conveniently after friction and flattening of the ground during the travel of the straw cleaning device.

[0047] When the first auger rotates under the action of the external driving unit, a guide air flow can be generated at the outer periphery of the first auger, so that the straw cleaning device sweeps the field, and the scattered straw can automatically enter the cleaning cavity under the action of negative pressure and be discharged laterally. The automation efficiency is high, which can replace manual picking, the design is ingenious, different directional guide air flows can be obtained by configuring different shaft speeds, which facilitates the collection of broken straw, facilitates subsequent farmland operation, and reduces the burden of the film picking and packaging unit during subsequent film removal.

[0048] As Figure 2As shown, the intermediate shaft tube 11 is further provided with four fan blades 3, which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the intermediate shaft tube 11, and extend along the radial direction of the shaft rod 1 in the width direction and extend along the axis of the shaft rod 1 in the length direction. In other embodiments of the present application, the fan blades 3 can also have an offset angle relative to the axis of the shaft rod in the length direction, and / or the fan blades 3 can have an offset angle relative to the radial direction of the shaft rod 1 in the width direction; in addition, the fan blades 3 can also extend spirally, and at this time the pitch of the fan blades 3 is 3-10 times the pitch of the blades 2.

[0049] Therefore, when the shaft rod 1 rotates at high speed, a negative pressure environment is formed in the circumferential space of the shaft rod 1 under the action of the fan blades 3 and the blades 2, and a directional guide airflow is generated to guide the straw to be quickly discharged. In the present embodiment, in order to facilitate processing, each fan blade 3 includes a plurality of fan plates 31 arranged in the extension direction thereof to avoid the blades 2, and in order to avoid interference with the blades 2 and at the same time reduce the dimensional accuracy of the fan plates 31, the fan plates 31 are chamfered at the two corners close to the intermediate shaft tube 11.

[0050] In the present application, the width of the fan blades 3 is less than the width of the blades 2, and is 30-60% of the width of the blades 2, so that on the one hand a larger guide airflow can be formed, and on the other hand a sufficient accommodation space is formed on the outer periphery of the shaft rod 1 to ensure a high straw discharge capacity.

[0051] In other embodiments of the present application, one or more fan blades 3 are provided on the intermediate shaft tube 11, and the fan blades 3 extend substantially along the axial direction of the intermediate shaft tube 11, that is, the tail end of the fan blades 3 has a deflection angle relative to the tail end of the fan blades 3.

[0052] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 The outer edge of the blade 2 is further provided with a reinforcing blade 4 which is fixedly arranged in an overlapping manner, and correspondingly, the reinforcing blade 4 includes a plurality of length sections, each of which is attached to the blade 2 at a corresponding position, so that the structural strength of the blade 2 can be improved and the service life of the blade 2 can be prolonged. In other embodiments of the present application, the reinforcing blade 4 is arranged on the outer side of the fan blade 3, and can limit the radial jumping of the fan blade 3 when the fan blade 3 is loose, so that the safety in use is good.

[0053] As shown in the drawings, Figures 5-7 A field machine, comprising a frame, the frame is provided with two side plates 9 arranged oppositely, and a straw crushing unit and a straw cleaning device as described above are sequentially arranged between the two side plates 9;

[0054] The straw crushing unit is used for crushing straw and throwing the crushed straw outward. The straw crushing unit is a prior art, such as the crushing mechanism in the residual film packaging machine with the application number CN202222410166.3, or the straw crushing mechanism on the residual film recycling all-in-one machine with the application number CN202222734839.0. Details are not repeated here, and a person skilled in the art can select according to needs.

[0055] The straw cleaning device is used for entering the crushed straw remaining on the ground into the cleaning cavity through the suction port and discharging it laterally. Specifically, the volute 5 is fixed between the two side plates 9, and the suction port faces the field. The straw that is not transported by the straw crushing unit remains in the field. When the straw cleaning device sweeps, the remaining straw can automatically enter the cleaning cavity and be discharged laterally under the action of negative pressure. The straw gathering effect is good, which can greatly reduce the remaining straw in the field, facilitate subsequent farmland operation, and reduce the burden of the film picking and packaging unit during subsequent film removal.

[0056] As shown in Figure 5 , the straw crushing unit is further covered with a protective cover to prevent the crushed structure from bouncing outward.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the cleaning assembly is provided with multiple cleaning assemblies. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 , two cleaning assemblies are arranged side by side along the displacement direction of the straw cleaning device. Further, the shaft rods 1 in the multiple cleaning assemblies can rotate synchronously under the action of the chain transmission assembly, or the rotation speeds of the shaft rods 1 in the multiple cleaning assemblies are different, gradually changing to better clean the remaining straw.

[0059] Embodiment 3

[0060] The difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 2 is that it further includes a second auger 7 and a supporting plate 8. The supporting plate 8 is arranged above the volute 5 and is fixedly arranged. The second auger 7 is arranged parallel to the axis of the first auger, and the supporting plate 8 is arranged outside the second auger 7 and forms a cleaning cavity together with the second auger 7, as shown in Figure 9 , the two free ends of the supporting plate 8 jointly form a material falling port with an upward opening, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the blanking port is trumpet-shaped, and the blanking port has an angle inclined to the rear in the displacement direction of the cleaning device, and in this embodiment, the inclination angle of the blanking port is 40-60°. One end of the impurity removal cavity is closed, and the other end forms a discharge port. For example, the residue film picking machine is used in cooperation with the residue film picking machine, and the residue film picking machine is a prior art, which is used for picking the residue film in the field and collecting and packaging the residue film, as shown in the application number CN202222410166.3 and the name of a residue film packaging machine, and the application number CN202020061380.0 and the name of a residue film picking and packaging integrated machine, a plurality of picking hooks are arranged on the picking belt, the picking hooks hook the residue film on the ground and drive the residue film to move together, and when the picking hooks drive the residue film, straw and soil to move upwards, the straw and soil can fall into the impurity removal cavity under the action of gravity, thereby realizing the separation of the residue film and the straw and soil.

[0061] Embodiment 4

[0062] The difference between embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 is that, as shown in the figure, Figure 10 As shown, a plurality of fans 3 are arranged in the spiral channel 300 formed by the blade 2, the plurality of fans 3 are uniformly arranged in the spiral channel 300, the fan 3 comprises a wind plate 33, and the wind plate 33 is arranged on the shaft rod 1 through a wind plate seat 34, and in this embodiment, the wind plate 33 is hinged to the wind plate seat 34, when the shaft rod 1 rotates, the wind plate 33 swings under the action of inertial force, so that the guide air flow generated around the shaft rod 1 is enhanced, and the straw enters the cleaning cavity through the suction port.

[0063] The wind plate 33 comprises two vertical plates 331 arranged oppositely, a pin shaft penetrates through the two vertical plates 331 and the wind plate seat 34 to hinge the two vertical plates 331 to the wind plate seat 34, and in this embodiment, a gasket is further sleeved on the pin shaft between the vertical plate 331 and the wind plate seat 34, the gasket presses the two vertical plates 331 tightly, so that the two vertical plates 331 move synchronously, and a connecting plate 332 is vertically and fixedly connected to the upper part of the vertical plate 331, and the two connecting plates 332 jointly form the wind plate 33. In this way, when the shaft rod 1 rotates, the wind plate 33 can enhance the guide air flow generated around the shaft rod 1, and at the same time, the wind plate 33 swings under the action of inertial force, which can also push the straw into the cleaning cavity, thereby facilitating the rapid discharge of the straw and avoiding the blocking situation.

[0064] In other embodiments of the present application, the wind plate 33 can be fixedly connected with the wind plate seat 34.

[0065] The above has described the present application by way of example, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any modification or change based on the present application is within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A straw cleaning device, characterized in that, The system includes one or more cleaning components arranged in parallel. Each cleaning component includes a volute (5), which is fixedly mounted and sleeved on a first auger. The first auger includes a shaft (1) with spirally extending blades (2) on the shaft (1). The volute (5) includes an arc segment, with both ends of the arc segment extending outward to form a first free end (51) and a second free end (52). The volute (5) and the first auger enclose a cleaning cavity. The first end of the cleaning cavity is closed, and the second end of the cleaning cavity forms a discharge port. The first free end (51) and the second free end (52) together form a downward-facing suction port.

2. The cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning components are provided in multiple ways, and the multiple cleaning components are arranged side by side along the displacement direction of the straw cleaning device.

3. The cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The suction port is funnel-shaped and tilted at 30-60° toward the direction of travel of the straw cleaning device.

4. The cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The shaft (1) is also provided with a fan blade (3), which is designed to enhance the guiding airflow generated on the outer periphery of the shaft (1) when the shaft (1) rotates.

5. The cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fan blades (3) are multiple and arranged circumferentially. The fan blades (3) extend radially along the shaft (1) in the width direction and extend along the axis of the shaft (1) in the length direction.

6. The cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fan blade (3) has multiple fan plates (31) arranged along its extension direction to avoid the blade (2).

7. The cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The radial width of the fan blade (3) is 30 to 60% of the width of the blade (2).

8. The cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spiral channel (300) formed by the blade (2) is provided with a plurality of fan blades (3), the fan blades (3) include a wind plate (33), the wind plate (33) is provided on the shaft (1) through a wind plate seat (34), and the wind plate (33) is designed to enhance the guiding airflow generated on the outer periphery of the shaft (1) when the shaft (1) drives the wind plate (33) to rotate.

9. The cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air deflector (33) is hinged or fixed on the air deflector seat (34).

10. The cleaning device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The air deflector (33) includes two vertical plates (331) arranged opposite to each other. A connecting plate (332) is vertically fixed to the upper part of the vertical plate (331), and the two connecting plates (332) together form the air deflector (33).

11. The cleaning apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that, The shaft (1) includes an intermediate shaft tube (11), with connecting shafts (12) fixed at both ends of the intermediate shaft tube (11), and the blades (2) and fan blades (3) fixed on the intermediate shaft tube (11).

12. A sizing machine, characterized in that, Includes a frame, on which are provided two opposing side plates (9), and between the two side plates (9) are arranged a straw crushing unit and a straw cleaning device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 7; The straw crushing unit is used to crush straw and scatter the crushed straw outwards; The straw cleaning device is used to draw the straw remaining on the ground after crushing into the cleaning chamber through the suction port and discharge it laterally.

13. The troweling machine according to claim 12, characterized in that, The straw crushing unit is also covered with a protective cover.

14. The troweling machine according to claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes a second auger (7) and a tray (8) located above the straw cleaning device. The tray (8) is fitted outside the second auger (7) and surrounds the second auger (7) to form a discharge cavity. One end of the discharge cavity is open, and the two free ends of the tray (8) together form an upward-facing discharge port.

15. The troweling machine according to claim 14, characterized in that, The discharge port is funnel-shaped and has a rearward tilt angle toward the direction of displacement of the cleaning device.

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