Planting frame for edible mushrooms

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of edible mushroom planting, in particular to a planting frame for edible mushrooms, which comprises a planting frame body, hollow fixing stand columns are arranged at four corners of a planting placing groove, the whole planting frame is stably supported, the hollow space of the stand columns is utilized to the maximum extent, pipeline exposure is reduced, and the attractiveness and stability of the whole structure are improved. Each layer of planting and growing space is provided with a liquid spraying assembly and a ventilation assembly, required moisture and gas are provided for edible mushrooms, and faster growth is promoted. Through cooperation of the pumps and the valves, supply of moisture and gas components can be accurately controlled according to the growth requirements of the edible mushrooms, and fresh air flow and corresponding stage management in the planting space are promoted. By arranging the illumination assembly, necessary illumination conditions are provided for the edible mushrooms, photosynthesis is promoted, and the growth speed is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of edible fungi cultivation technology, and in particular to a cultivation rack for edible fungi. Background Technology

[0002] Edible mushroom cultivation technology refers to a series of cultivation activities, including seed selection, culture medium preparation, inoculation, temperature and humidity control, induction of mushroom growth, and harvesting.

[0003] However, in the current process of edible fungi cultivation, especially in small greenhouses, there is a problem of insufficient cultivation space. The utilization rate of vertical space is low, and the coiled pipes on the planting racks cause trouble and inconvenience for the transfer and maintenance of edible fungi at various growth stages and for regular inspection of pests and diseases.

[0004] The complex growing space leads to poor air circulation, which affects mycelial growth, and cleaning and maintenance are also difficult. It is not possible to specifically adjust the ventilation, liquid supply, and light intensity for each group of strains with different growth characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a mushroom cultivation rack that has high space utilization and can precisely control liquid supply, gas supply and light.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a planting rack for edible fungi, including a planting rack body, the planting rack body including several layers of planting placement grooves evenly distributed vertically from bottom to top, the structure of multiple planting placement grooves makes full use of vertical space, enabling more edible fungi to be planted in a limited area and increasing yield.

[0007] Hollow fixed columns are installed at each of the four corners of the planting trough. Each fixed column is closed at both the top and bottom. Two adjacent planting troughs form a growth space for edible fungi. Each layer of this growth space is equipped with a spray system and a ventilation system along the length of the planting trough. Each layer of spray systems and its corresponding ventilation system are positioned opposite each other. Several layers of spray systems are arranged parallel to each other between a set of fixed columns in the front row of the planting trough. These front rows of fixed columns serve as supply and drainage pipes, respectively connected to external supply and drainage pipes at their lower ends. Each layer of the growth space is equipped with spray and ventilation systems, providing the edible fungi with the necessary moisture and gas to ensure optimal growth conditions, promoting faster growth and higher quality. The design of the supply and drainage pipes, combined with an external supply system, enables automated water management, reducing the complexity of manual operation and improving planting efficiency. The hollow fixed column design not only provides support but also facilitates the transport of liquids and gases, maximizing the use of the hollow space in the fixed column and making the planting frame more space-saving while meeting the usage requirements.

[0008] Several layers of ventilation components are arranged in parallel between the fixed columns at both ends of the rear row of the planting trough. The set of fixed columns in the rear row are respectively set as air supply pipes and exhaust pipes. The lower parts of the air supply pipes and exhaust pipes are connected to external air supply pipes and external exhaust pipes, respectively. The air supply pipes and exhaust pipes in the rear row can effectively regulate air circulation, prevent humidity from being too high or too low, and supply the corresponding gas during the growth period of edible fungi, which helps to maintain a stable growth environment and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

[0009] Each layer of planting space is equipped with a lighting unit on the bottom of the upper planting trough. The lighting unit provides the necessary light for the edible fungi, promoting photosynthesis and increasing the growth rate.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this invention, the external liquid supply pipe is equipped with a liquid supply pump and a liquid supply valve, and the external liquid drain pipe is equipped with a liquid drain valve. The configuration of the liquid supply pump and the liquid supply valve allows for precise control of water supply according to the growth needs of edible fungi, avoiding the problems of over- or under-watering. Optimized water management promotes uniform growth of edible fungi, thereby improving overall yield and quality.

[0011] As a further improvement of this invention, the external air supply pipe is equipped with a vacuum pump and an air supply valve, and the external exhaust pipe is equipped with an exhaust valve. The configuration of the vacuum pump and air supply valve allows for precise regulation of the gas composition within the growing space, ensuring that the edible fungi receive a suitable oxygen and carbon dioxide ratio during their growth. The exhaust valve automatically controls the release and pausing of gas, promoting fresh air circulation within the growing space and facilitating corresponding staged management.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this invention, the lower part of the fixed column is provided with through holes respectively connected to the liquid supply pipe, the liquid drain pipe, the air supply pipe, and the exhaust pipe. A bottom end cap is provided inside the fixed column below the through holes, positioned below and close to the through holes. The bottom end cap prevents liquid or gas leakage, ensuring the safety and hygiene of the planting environment and avoiding pollution and resource waste. It also enhances the structural stability, providing better support for the entire planting rack. Maximizing the use of the column space improves the overall design efficiency of the planting rack; the air supply and exhaust pipes can pass neatly through the columns, reducing pipe exposure and enhancing the overall aesthetics and stability of the structure.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this invention, the spraying assembly includes a main spraying pipe positioned between a group of fixed columns in the front row. Both ends of the main spraying pipe are connected to the fixed columns. Several spray nozzles are evenly distributed along the length of the main spraying pipe, and each spray nozzle is equipped with an atomizing nozzle. The atomizing nozzles are tilted at an angle of 30°-45° to the horizontal. The evenly distributed spray nozzles along the length of the main spraying pipe enable a more uniform moisture distribution, ensuring that the edible fungi in each area receive an appropriate amount of moisture. The tilted atomizing nozzles allow the water mist to be sprayed at the optimal angle, enhancing the atomization effect, improving water evaporation and diffusion, and improving air humidity. Through the atomizing nozzles, water can be evenly sprayed in the form of fine particles, reducing water evaporation loss and improving water resource utilization efficiency.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this invention, the ventilation assembly includes a main jet pipe disposed between a set of fixed columns in the rear row. The two ends of the main jet pipe are connected to the fixed columns. Several jet nozzles are evenly distributed along the length of the main jet pipe. Each jet nozzle is equipped with a jet tube, and the jet tube is fitted with a metering air control valve. The jet tube openings are positioned horizontally facing the planting space. The metering air control valve on the jet tube can precisely adjust the jet volume, ensuring that an appropriate amount of air is provided according to the plant's growth needs, effectively avoiding excessive or insufficient ventilation.

[0015] Introducing specific concentrations of gas at different growth stages of edible fungi can improve photosynthetic efficiency, promote growth, and increase yield. Appropriate airflow helps regulate humidity in the growing environment, reducing the risk of mold and disease. The design of a metered gas control valve automatically adjusts the gas flow rate according to actual needs, saving energy and improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this invention, the main jet pipe is a triangular tube, with the jet nozzle positioned on the hypotenuse of the triangular tube at a right angle to the horizontal direction. The jet nozzle avoids the edible fungi, preventing damage from the airflow.

[0017] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the lighting component includes several groups of LED growth lights evenly distributed along the length of the planting trough. Each group of LED growth lights includes two lamp tubes, with both ends of the lamp tubes mounted on lamp holders, which are mounted on the bottom surface of the planting trough.

[0018] The even distribution of multiple LED grow lights ensures uniform lighting within the planting trough, reducing shaded areas and promoting even plant growth. The spectrum and brightness are adjusted according to the different growth stages of each plant, effectively providing the necessary light for photosynthesis, optimizing photosynthesis, while reducing power consumption and extending the plant's lifespan.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This utility model provides a mushroom cultivation rack, including a cultivation rack body. Through multi-layered cultivation placement troughs, vertical space is fully utilized, enabling the cultivation of more mushrooms within a limited area and increasing yield. Hollow fixed columns are provided at the four corners of the cultivation placement troughs, providing stable support for the entire cultivation rack. This maximizes the use of the hollow space in the columns, reduces exposed pipes, and enhances the overall aesthetics and stability of the structure.

[0021] Each layer of the growing space is equipped with a spray system and a ventilation system to provide the edible fungi with the necessary moisture and gas, ensuring optimal growth conditions and promoting faster growth and higher quality. The combination of supply and drainage pipes with an external water supply system enables automated water management, reducing the complexity of manual operation and improving planting efficiency. The configuration of the supply pump and valve allows for precise control of water supply according to the growth needs of the edible fungi, avoiding over- or under-watering. The configuration of the vacuum pump and gas supply valve precisely regulates the gas composition within the growing space, ensuring that the edible fungi receive the appropriate oxygen and carbon dioxide ratio during growth. The exhaust valve automatically controls gas release and pause, promoting fresh air circulation within the growing space and facilitating corresponding stage-specific management.

[0022] The lighting components provide the necessary light for edible fungi, promoting photosynthesis and increasing growth rate. The even distribution of multiple LED grow lights ensures uniform lighting within the planting troughs, reducing shaded areas and promoting even plant growth. Adjusting the spectrum and brightness according to different plant growth stages effectively provides the necessary light for photosynthesis, while reducing power consumption and extending the lifespan of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is the three-dimensional state of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 4 This is the three-dimensional state of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 5 This is the three-dimensional state of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0028] The components are: 1-planting frame, 101-liquid supply pipe, 111-external liquid supply pipe, 112-liquid supply valve, 113-liquid supply pump, 102-drain pipe, 121-external drain pipe, 122-drain valve, 103-air supply pipe, 131-external air supply pipe, 132-air supply valve, 133-vacuum pump, 104-exhaust pipe, 141-external exhaust pipe, 142-exhaust valve, 2-planting placement trough, 3-lighting assembly, 301-lamp holder, 302-lamp tube, 4-ventilation assembly, 401-main jet pipe, 402-jet pipe, 421-quantitative air control valve, 5-bottom end cap, 6-spraying assembly, 601-atomizing nozzle, 602-main spray pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0030] The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first" and "second," are used only to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this application, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0031] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a mushroom cultivation rack includes a cultivation rack body 1, which includes five layers of cultivation placement troughs 2 evenly distributed vertically from bottom to top. A culture medium is laid in the cultivation placement troughs, and high-quality edible mushroom strains, such as shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, and king oyster mushrooms, are selected and cultivated in the culture medium to grow the strains.

[0034] Hollow fixed columns are provided at the four corners of the planting placement trough. The top and bottom of each fixed column are closed. The fixed column is a square cross-section column. The top of the fixed column is provided with a square baffle. The square baffle matches the inner cross-sectional shape of the fixed column. The square baffle is welded to the inner wall of the fixed column around its perimeter.

[0035] Five-layer ventilation components 4 are arranged in parallel between the fixed columns at both ends of the rear row of the planting trough. Each set of fixed columns in the rear row is respectively configured as an air supply pipe 103 and an exhaust pipe 104. The lower part of each fixed column has through holes connected to the liquid supply pipe 101, the liquid drain pipe 102, the air supply pipe 103, and the exhaust pipe 104. A bottom end cap 5 is located inside the fixed column below the through holes, positioned below and close to the through holes. The bottom end cap 5 is a square baffle that matches the inner cross-sectional shape of the fixed column, and the square baffle is welded to the inner wall of the fixed column around its circumference.

[0036] The top square baffle is positioned near the topmost spray assembly 6 and ventilation assembly 4; the bottom square baffle is positioned near the bottommost spray assembly and ventilation assembly.

[0037] The two adjacent planting troughs form a planting and growth space for edible fungi. Each layer of planting and growth space is equipped with a spraying component 6 and a ventilation component 4 along the length of the planting trough. Each layer of spraying component and the corresponding ventilation component are arranged opposite to each other. Several layers of spraying components are arranged in parallel between a set of fixed columns in the front row of the planting trough. The set of fixed columns in the front row are respectively set as a liquid supply pipe 101 and a liquid drain pipe 102. The liquid flows between the square baffles 1 set at the top and bottom of the fixed columns in the front row.

[0038] The lower parts of the liquid supply pipe 101 and the liquid drain pipe 102 are respectively connected to an external liquid supply pipe 111 and an external liquid drain pipe 121; the external liquid supply pipe is equipped with a liquid supply pump 113 and a liquid supply valve 112, and the external liquid drain pipe is equipped with a liquid drain valve 122. When the edible fungi on the five-layer planting placement trough 2 or any layer of the planting frame need to be humidified, the liquid supply pump 113 and the liquid supply valve 112 are turned on, and the external water or nutrient solution is transported along the external liquid supply pipe to the fixed column in the front row, which serves as the liquid supply pipe. The liquid supply pump pulls the liquid up and it flows upward along the fixed column.

[0039] The spraying assembly includes a main spraying pipe 602 positioned between a group of fixed columns in the front row. Both ends of the main spraying pipe are connected to the fixed columns. The main spraying pipe 602 has several spray nozzles evenly distributed along its length, each equipped with an atomizing nozzle 601. The atomizing nozzles are tilted at a 35° angle to the horizontal. Spraying directly onto the surface of the edible fungi allows for rapid absorption by the fungi. If nutrition is needed during the growth of the edible fungi, a prepared nutrient solution can be sprayed onto the surface of the fungi.

[0040] Water or nutrient solution fills the spray main pipe 602 from bottom to top and is sprayed out through the spray nozzle. The atomizing nozzle 601 sprays water evenly onto the surface of the edible fungi in the form of tiny particles. The spraying force is low, so it will not cause damage to the surface of the edible fungi.

[0041] After spraying, turn off the liquid supply pump 113 and the liquid supply valve 112, and open the drain valve. Water or nutrient solution is then transported along the drain pipe to the external drain pipe and delivered to the outside.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, during the growth cycle of edible fungi, a sufficient oxygen supply should be ensured, typically requiring an oxygen content above 20% to promote mycelial growth and metabolism, and increase the growth rate. Meanwhile, the carbon dioxide concentration should be controlled within an appropriate range, usually not exceeding 0.1%. Accumulation of carbon dioxide or excessively low concentrations inhibit mycelial development.

[0044] Several layers of ventilation components 4 are arranged in parallel between the fixed columns at both ends of the rear row of the planting placement trough. A set of fixed columns in the rear row are respectively set as air supply pipe 103 and exhaust pipe 104. The lower parts of the air supply pipe and exhaust pipe are respectively connected to external air supply pipe 131 and external exhaust pipe 141. The external air supply pipe 131 is equipped with a vacuum pump 133 and an air supply valve 132, and the external exhaust pipe is equipped with an exhaust valve 142.

[0045] Start the vacuum pump and gas supply valve 132, and the gas is delivered to the fixed column in the rear row, which serves as the gas supply pipe, through the external gas supply pipe.

[0046] The ventilation assembly 4 includes a jet pipe 401 disposed between a set of fixed columns in the rear row. The jet pipe is a triangular tube, and the jet outlet is disposed on the hypotenuse of the triangular tube, which is perpendicular to the horizontal direction.

[0047] The jet pipe is connected to the fixed column at both ends. Several jet nozzles are evenly distributed along the length of the jet pipe. A jet pipe 402 is provided at each jet nozzle. A quantitative gas control valve 421 is provided on the jet pipe. The jet pipe nozzle is set horizontally facing the planting and growth space.

[0048] Open the corresponding layer's metered gas control valve 421, and gas will be ejected along the jet nozzle, providing flowing gas to the nearby edible fungi.

[0049] Under normal circumstances, pure air is introduced. When the oxygen concentration is too low, oxygen is introduced to maintain the oxygen concentration above 20%.

[0050] Some edible fungi require a certain concentration of carbon dioxide at certain growth stages. If the carbon dioxide level is too low, it may lead to slow mycelial growth, abnormal fruiting body morphology, and reduced flavor and aroma. In this case, carbon dioxide should be introduced, but the concentration should be kept below 0.1%. This also promotes photosynthesis in plants.

[0051] After the gas input is complete, close the metering gas control valve, vacuum pump and gas supply valve, and open the exhaust valve to discharge the remaining gas.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, edible fungi require sufficient light to grow healthily and rapidly under conditions where the gas and temperature are controlled at appropriate concentrations.

[0054] Each layer of planting space is equipped with a lighting component 3 on the bottom surface of the upper planting trough. The lighting component includes six sets of LED growth lights evenly distributed along the length of the planting trough. Each set of LED growth lights includes two lamp tubes 302, with both ends of the lamp tubes mounted on lamp holders 301, which are mounted on the bottom surface of the planting trough.

[0055] LED grow lights can adjust their emission wavelength according to the different growth stages of plants. When electricity is applied to the semiconductor material inside the LED grow light, electrons and holes recombine, releasing energy and manifesting as light. Different LED materials can emit light of different wavelengths, forming red and blue light that promote plant growth. Plants absorb this light through photosynthesis, carrying out photosynthetic reactions to produce energy and organic matter needed for growth, thus enabling continuous growth.

[0056] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0057] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cultivation rack for edible fungi, characterized in that, The plant includes a planting frame (1), which includes several layers of planting placement troughs (2) evenly distributed vertically from bottom to top. Hollow fixed columns are provided at the four corners of the planting placement troughs. The top and bottom of each fixed column are closed. The planting placement troughs between two adjacent planting placement troughs form a planting and growth space for edible fungi. Each layer of planting and growth space is provided with a spraying component (6) and a ventilation component (4) along the length of the planting placement trough. Each layer of spraying component and the corresponding ventilation component are arranged opposite to each other. Several layers of spraying components are arranged in parallel between a group of fixed columns in the front row of the planting placement trough. The group of fixed columns in the front row are respectively set as a liquid supply pipe (101) and a liquid drain pipe (102). The lower parts of the liquid supply pipe and the liquid drain pipe are respectively connected to an external liquid supply pipe (111) and an external liquid drain pipe (121). Several layers of ventilation components are arranged in parallel between the fixed columns at both ends of the rear row of the planting placement trough. A set of fixed columns in the rear row are respectively set as air supply pipe (103) and exhaust pipe (104). The lower parts of the air supply pipe and exhaust pipe are respectively connected to external air supply pipe (131) and external exhaust pipe (141). Lighting components (3) are provided on the bottom surface of the upper planting trough where each layer of planting and growing space is located.

2. The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external liquid supply pipe (111) is equipped with a liquid supply pump (113) and a liquid supply valve (112), and the external liquid drain pipe (121) is equipped with a liquid drain valve (122).

3. The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external air supply pipe (131) is equipped with a vacuum pump (133) and an air supply valve (132), and the external exhaust pipe is equipped with an exhaust valve (142).

4. The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The lower part of the fixed column is provided with through holes that are respectively connected to the liquid supply pipe, the liquid drain pipe, the gas supply pipe and the exhaust pipe. The fixed column below the through hole is provided with a bottom end cap (5), which is located below the through hole and close to the through hole.

5. The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying assembly (6) includes a spraying main pipe (602) arranged between a group of fixed columns in the front row. The two ends of the spraying main pipe are connected to the fixed columns. The spraying main pipe has several spraying ports evenly distributed along its length. Each spraying port is provided with an atomizing nozzle (601). The atomizing nozzle is inclined and has an angle of 30°-45° with the horizontal direction.

6. The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation assembly (4) includes a jet pipe (401) set between a set of fixed columns in the rear row. The two ends of the jet pipe are connected to the fixed columns. The jet pipe has several jet ports evenly distributed along its length. The jet ports are equipped with jet pipes (402). The jet pipes are equipped with quantitative air control valves (421). The jet pipe openings are set directly in the horizontal direction of the planting and growing space.

7. The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The jet nozzle (401) is a triangular tube with the jet outlet located on the hypotenuse of the triangular tube, which is perpendicular to the horizontal direction.

8. The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lighting component (3) includes several groups of LED growth lights evenly distributed along the length of the planting trough. Each group of LED growth lights includes two lamp tubes (302), with both ends of the lamp tubes mounted on lamp holders (301), which are mounted on the bottom surface of the planting trough.

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