Atlantoaxial drilling sighting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an atlantoaxial drilling sighting device which comprises a guide plate body, the lower surface of the guide plate body is in a cambered surface shape matched with the atlantoaxial surface of a human body, the upper surface of the guide plate body is fixedly connected with a handle, the two sides of the handle are fixedly connected with guide pipes through first connecting rods, and drill bits are arranged in the guide pipes. The outer surface of the upper end of the guide pipe is sleeved with a sleeve, an electric drill is installed at the end, away from the guide pipe, of the sleeve, the output end of the electric drill is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod, the second connecting rod penetrates through the top wall of the guide pipe and then is connected with a drill bit, and a spring is arranged between the top wall of the guide pipe and the top wall of the sleeve. The inner surface of the guide plate body is in the cambered surface shape matched with the atlantoaxial surface of the human body, meanwhile, the two guide pipes are additionally arranged on the two sides of the guide plate body and attached to the atlantoaxial surface of the human body, pressure is applied to the guide plate body in cooperation with the handheld handle, and it is found that the guide plate body is tightly combined with a vertebral plate and does not shake all around in the operation process; the guide plate body has high matching precision and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an atlantoaxial drilling aiming device. Background Technology

[0002] Cervical spine disorders caused by degeneration, trauma, infection, or tumors often require internal fixation surgery. Commonly used posterior fixation methods include pedicle screws, lateral mass screws, and laminectomy screws. Among these, pedicle screw fixation, a three-column fixation method, offers better biomechanical performance and fusion rate compared to other internal fixation methods, reducing the number of fixation segments and demonstrating significant advantages in restoring cervical spine stability. However, pedicle screw placement cannot be performed under direct vision during clinical surgery and largely relies on normal anatomical landmarks and the surgeon's experience. The cervical pedicle structure is delicate, adjacent to important blood vessels and nerves, and has a certain degree of variability, making screw placement challenging and risky. Misplaced screws can have catastrophic consequences. Therefore, individualized and precise principles should be followed for this type of surgery.

[0003] In existing technology, a handheld electric drill is used to make a hole in the atlantoaxial joint to create a screw track, and then the pedicle screw is screwed in according to the screw track to complete the screw placement. Due to factors such as the presence of soft tissue, blood or other fluids on the bone surface, as well as vibrations during the operation, the drill bit may slip relative to the atlantoaxial joint. This can lead to inaccurate screw placement, thereby increasing the uncertainty and risk of the operation and affecting postoperative recovery and joint function. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to improve and innovate upon the shortcomings and problems existing in the background technology, and to provide an atlantoaxial drilling aiming device.

[0005] An atlantoaxial drilling aiming device includes a guide plate body. The lower surface of the guide plate body is arc-shaped to conform to the surface of the human atlantoaxial vertebra. A handle is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the guide plate body. Guide tubes are fixedly connected to both sides of the handle through first connecting rods. A drill bit is disposed inside the guide tube. A sleeve is fitted on the outer surface of the upper end of the guide tube. An electric drill is installed at the end of the sleeve away from the guide tube. A second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric drill. The second connecting rod passes through the top wall of the guide tube and connects to the drill bit. A spring is disposed between the top wall of the guide tube and the top wall of the sleeve.

[0006] A further option is to provide scale lines on the outer surface of the guide tube.

[0007] A further embodiment is that a guide slider is slidably fitted on the inner surface of the guide tube, the upper surface of the guide slider is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod, and the lower surface of the guide slider is fixedly connected to the drill bit.

[0008] A further embodiment is that a groove is formed on the outer surface of the upper end of the guide tube, and a slider is installed on the inner surface of the bottom end of the sleeve, with the slider slidingly engaging with the groove.

[0009] A further embodiment is that the bottom end of the sleeve is threaded with a fastening bolt, and a limiting groove is also opened inside the bottom end of the sleeve. A limiting sleeve located in the limiting groove is installed on the outer surface of the fastening bolt. When the limiting sleeve abuts against the side of the limiting groove near the slide, the end of the fastening bolt extends into the slide. When the limiting sleeve abuts against the side of the limiting groove away from the slide, a further embodiment is that the guide plate body and the guide tube are both prepared by 3D printing of nylon material.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: (1) The guide plate body of this utility model is prepared by 3D printing of nylon material, which has a strong structure, no deformation or damage, and high structural stability. Since the inner surface of the guide plate body is an arc shape that adapts to the surface of the human atlantoaxial vertebra, and two guide tubes are added on both sides of the guide plate body to fit the surface of the human atlantoaxial vertebra, and pressure is applied to the guide plate body with the hand handle, it is found that the guide plate body and the vertebral plate are tightly combined during operation, and there is no shaking around. The guide plate body has high matching accuracy and stability.

[0011] (2) By sliding the slider and the groove, this utility model can avoid the drill bit applying reverse torque to the electric drill during the drilling process, which would cause the sleeve to rotate relative to the guide tube. At the same time, it ensures the free movement of the sleeve in the axial direction of the guide tube, which can improve the stability of the drilling process. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an atlantoaxial drilling aiming device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 Provided for the embodiments of this utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0015] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Guide plate body; 2. Handle; 3. First connecting rod; 4. Guide tube; 5. Drill bit; 6. Guide slider; 7. Slide groove; 8. Slider; 9. Second connecting rod; 10. Electric drill; 11. Spring; 12. Fastening bolt; 13. Restricting groove; 14. Limiting sleeve; 15. Scale line; 16. Sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-2 This utility model provides an atlantoaxial drilling aiming device, including a guide plate body 1. The lower surface of the guide plate body 1 is arc-shaped to conform to the surface of the human atlantoaxial vertebra. A handle 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the guide plate body 1. Guide tubes 4 are fixedly connected to both sides of the handle 2 through first connecting rods 3. Both the guide plate body 1 and the guide tubes 4 are prepared by 3D printing. Specifically, thin-slice CT data of the cervical spine of the target patient are acquired, the data is imported into a computer, a three-dimensional simulation model is established, and the guide plate body 1 and guide tubes 4 for pin placement are designed. The final guide plate model is exported as an STL format file, processed, and imported into a nylon 3D printing device to print the guide plate body 1 and guide tubes 4 made of medical nylon material. It should be noted that 3D printing technology is an existing technology. 3D printing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology with high personalization and high forming efficiency, which is very suitable for the medical field and can meet the precision needs in the field of atlantoaxial spine surgery. Because the inner surface of the guide plate body 1 is an arc shape that conforms to the surface of the human atlantoaxial joint, it is convenient for the guide plate body 1 to adhere tightly to the bone surface. At the same time, in order to increase stability, two guide tubes 4 are installed on both sides of the guide plate body 1 to fit into the surface of the human atlantoaxial joint. With the help of the hand handle 2, pressure is applied to the guide plate body 1. During the drilling process, it can be ensured that the guide plate body 1 is tightly connected to the atlantoaxial joint and there is no shaking around. At the same time, the guide tubes 4 guide the drilling direction. The guide plate body 1 has high matching accuracy and stability, which can effectively prevent displacement during drilling, thereby reducing the possibility of pin deviation.

[0020] A drill bit 5 is installed inside the guide tube 4. A guide slider 6 is slidably fitted on the inner surface of the guide tube 4. The lower surface of the guide slider 6 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 5, and the upper surface of the guide slider 6 is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 9. The upper end of the second connecting rod 9 passes through the top wall of the guide tube 4 and is connected to the electric drill 10. A sleeve 16 is fitted on the outer surface of the upper end of the guide tube 4. The electric drill 10 is installed at the end of the sleeve 16 away from the guide tube 4. A spring 11 is installed between the top wall of the guide tube 4 and the top wall of the sleeve 16, and the spring 11 acts as a buffer. A scale line 15 is provided on the outer surface of the guide tube 4. After applying pressure to the guide plate body 1 by holding the handle 2, the electric drill 10 is started to drive the drill bit 5 to rotate. This pushes the sleeve 16 to slide along the surface of the guide tube 4, so that the drill bit 5 drills a hole in the atlantoaxial joint of the human body to obtain a nail track. By observing the scale line 15, it is easy to keep track of the drilling depth. After drilling is completed, the sleeve 16 automatically returns to its initial position under the reset action of the spring 11.

[0021] A groove 7 is formed on the outer surface of the upper end of the guide tube 4, and a slider 8 is installed on the inner surface of the bottom end of the sleeve 16. The slider 8 slides in conjunction with the groove 7. This arrangement can prevent the sleeve 16 from rotating relative to the guide tube 4 due to the drill bit 5 applying reverse torque to the electric drill 10 during drilling, while ensuring the free movement of the sleeve 16 in the axial direction of the guide tube 4, thereby improving the stability of the drilling process.

[0022] The bottom end of the sleeve 16 is threaded with a fastening bolt 12, and a limiting groove 13 is also provided inside the bottom end of the sleeve 16. A limiting sleeve 14 located in the limiting groove 13 is installed on the outer surface of the fastening bolt 12. During drilling, the limiting sleeve 14 abuts against the side of the limiting groove 13 away from the slide groove 7. At this time, the end of the fastening bolt 12 disengages from the slide groove 7, and the fastening bolt 12 does not obstruct the sliding of the slider 8 relative to the slide groove 7, nor does it obstruct the drilling of the drill bit 5. After drilling is completed, the sleeve 16 automatically returns to its initial position under the reset action of the spring 11, driving the slider 8 back to the top of the slide groove 7. At this time, the fastening bolt 12 is rotated, so that the limiting sleeve 14 abuts against the side of the limiting groove 13 near the slide groove 7. At this time, the end of the fastening bolt 12 extends into the slide groove 7, which will obstruct the sliding of the slider 8 relative to the slide groove 7, thereby helping the sleeve 16 to maintain a stable state relative to the guide tube 4.

[0023] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In practical use, instruments such as scalpels and needles are used to clean the soft tissue of the lamina and posterior part of the lateral mass until the soft tissue on the contact surface corresponding to the guide plate body 1 is cleaned. The cleaning process must not damage the soft tissue. The front ends of the guide plate body 1 and the guide tube 4 are tightly fitted to the target bone tissue. When confirming the fit, it is checked that there is no relative movement between the guide plate body 1 and the target bone tissue, indicating reliable fixation. When using the guide plate body 1, the handle 2 must be held by hand and pressure applied to prevent displacement of the guide plate body 1 during the preparation of the screw track. Finally, the electric drill 10 is started to rotate the drill bit 5, which in turn pushes the sleeve 16 to slide along the surface of the guide tube 4, allowing the drill bit 5 to drill a hole in the atlantoaxial joint to obtain the screw track. The drilling depth can be easily monitored by observing the scale line 15. Finally, the guide plate body 1 is removed, and the pedicle screws are screwed in along the original screw track.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the utility model.

[0025] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0026] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The reference to "embodiment" herein means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily indicate the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An atlantoaxial drilling aiming device, characterized in that: The device includes a guide plate body (1), the lower surface of which is an arc shape adapted to the surface of the human atlantoaxial joint. A handle (2) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the guide plate body (1). Guide tubes (4) are fixedly connected to both sides of the handle (2) through a first connecting rod (3). A drill bit (5) is installed inside the guide tube (4). A sleeve (16) is fitted on the outer surface of the upper end of the guide tube (4). An electric drill (10) is installed at the end of the sleeve (16) away from the guide tube (4). A second connecting rod (9) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric drill (10). The second connecting rod (9) passes through the top wall of the guide tube (4) and is connected to the drill bit (5). A spring (11) is provided between the top wall of the guide tube (4) and the top wall of the sleeve (16).

2. The atlantoaxial drilling aiming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the guide tube (4) is provided with scale lines (15).

3. The atlantoaxial drilling aiming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the guide tube (4) is slidably fitted with a guide slider (6). The upper surface of the guide slider (6) is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (9), and the lower surface of the guide slider (6) is fixedly connected to the drill bit (5).

4. The atlantoaxial drilling aiming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide tube (4) has a groove (7) on its upper outer surface, and a slider (8) is installed on the lower inner surface of the sleeve (16). The slider (8) slides in conjunction with the groove (7).

5. The atlantoaxial drilling aiming device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom end of the sleeve (16) is threaded with a fastening bolt (12), and a limiting groove (13) is also provided inside the bottom end of the sleeve (16). A limiting sleeve (14) located in the limiting groove (13) is installed on the outer surface of the fastening bolt (12). When the limiting sleeve (14) abuts against the side of the limiting groove (13) near the slide (7), the end of the fastening bolt (12) extends into the slide (7). When the limiting sleeve (14) abuts against the side of the limiting groove (13) away from the slide (7), the end of the fastening bolt (12) disengages from the slide (7).

6. The atlantoaxial drilling aiming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the guide plate body (1) and the guide tube (4) are prepared by 3D printing of nylon material.

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