Single-shaft shredding machine
By using an electric drive and foreign matter discharge design, the single-shaft shredder solves the problems of high cost, serious pollution and easy damage of existing shredders, and realizes low-cost, environmentally friendly and efficient small-scale production.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422825885.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing shredder equipment is expensive and difficult to maintain. The hydraulic transmission system pollutes the environment, and small equipment has insufficient output and is easily damaged by foreign objects.
It adopts a single-axis structure, eliminates hydraulic transmission and uses electric drive, and is equipped with movable comb plates and foreign object discharge guide plates. It uses linkage assembly to discharge foreign objects, thereby improving the stability and service life of the equipment.
Reduce equipment costs, minimize environmental pollution, meet the needs of small-scale production, automatically remove foreign objects to prevent equipment damage, and extend service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN223505393U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to garbage recycling equipment technical field, especially single shaft shredder of a kind of. BACKGROUND
[0002] The working principle of shredder is that the blade group is rotated by motor drive, and the materials are extruded, sheared and ground by the interaction between double-shaft knife roll or single-shaft fixed knife and movable knife, so as to tear the materials into smaller pieces for subsequent processes.
[0003] The existing shredder is usually a high-power large equipment. In order to cope with more complex working environment, the number of reduction mechanisms inside the equipment is more, which leads to the increase of equipment construction cost, high maintenance cost, and is suitable for large-scale production operation. Small-scale production environment has excessive performance demand, and the equipment procurement cost is high. And the equipment often uses hydraulic transmission system for driving, and regular maintenance needs to replace hydraulic oil, which is easy to cause oil pollution and serious environmental pollution, which is not conducive to environmental green protection. The existing shredder usually tears various materials with high power, but the small shredder is easy to cause the blade group to be stuck due to insufficient power and foreign matter in the torn material, which is easy to damage the equipment. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model aims at solving one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the utility model provides a single-shaft shredder, which adopts single-shaft structure, reduces manufacturing cost, cancels hydraulic transmission system, is more friendly to environment, meets the use of small-scale production environment, has efficient foreign matter discharge function, can timely discharge foreign matter, avoids equipment damage, has better equipment stability, and improves equipment service life.
[0005] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the single-shaft shredder comprises:
[0006] A shredder shell body is provided with a through shredding cavity inside;
[0007] A shredding structure is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity, and the input end of the shredding structure is in transmission connection with the output end of an electric drive structure;
[0008] A fixed comb plate is fixedly arranged in the shredding cavity and located on one side of the shredding structure;
[0009] An active comb plate is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity and located on the other side of the shredding structure, and the fixed comb plate and the active comb plate are oppositely arranged;
[0010] An active comb plate cylinder is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft of the active comb plate and used for driving the active comb plate to overturn;
[0011] The foreign matter guide plate is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity, and the foreign matter guide plate and the movable comb plate are connected through a connecting rod assembly.
[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the shredding structure comprises a main shaft, a spacer sleeve sleeved with the main shaft, and a blade group, the main shaft is rotationally connected with the side wall of the shredder shell through a bearing, and the spacer sleeve and the blade group are arranged at intervals along the direction of the main shaft.
[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, a large blade group is arranged around the periphery of the blade group, and the large blade group is inclined to the direction of the movable comb plate.
[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the electric drive structure comprises an output motor and a speed reducer, the output shaft of the output motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the main shaft, and the output motor drives the main shaft to rotate to the direction of the movable comb plate.
[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate and a comb tooth plate, the thickness of the comb tooth plate is smaller than that of the connecting plate, and the materials in the shredding cavity are gathered at the comb tooth plate.
[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the connecting plate is rotationally connected with the side wall of the shredder shell through a movable shaft, one end of the movable shaft extends to the movable comb plate cylinder and is provided with a turnover gear, the output end of the movable comb plate cylinder is provided with a turnover rack, and the turnover rack is meshed and driven with the turnover gear.
[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, a guide roller shaft is arranged above the turnover rack, the guide roller shaft abuts above the turnover rack, and the turnover gear is meshed and connected with the teeth below the turnover rack.
[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the end face of the foreign matter guide plate is initially perpendicular to the end face of the movable comb plate, and the foreign matter guide plate is located below the comb tooth plate and the shredding area of the shredding structure.
[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, an extension plate is extended downward at the joint of the connecting plate and the comb tooth plate, one end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged with the extension plate, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged with the foreign matter guide plate.
[0020] According to some embodiments of the utility model, still include push material structure, it is set above the movable comb plate, push material structure includes push material cylinder and push material board, the output end of push material cylinder is connected with push material board and drive push material board reciprocatingly close to the tearing structure.
[0021] According to some embodiments of the utility model, single shaft shredder has at least the following beneficial effects: tearing structure is driven by single shaft of electric drive structure, effectively reduces equipment construction cost, satisfies small -scale production use demand.
[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be partially given in the following description, some will become obvious from the following description, or be understood by the practice of the utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, with reference to the following drawings, in which:
[0024] Figure 1 It is the three -dimensional schematic view of single shaft shredder of the utility model embodiment;
[0025] Figure 2 It is the top view schematic view of single shaft shredder of the utility model embodiment;
[0026] Figure 3 It is the partial sectional view of single shaft shredder of the utility model embodiment;
[0027] Figure 4 It is movable comb plate partial schematic view of single shaft shredder of the utility model embodiment.
[0028] Reference Signs:
[0029] Shredder shell 100, shredding cavity 110,
[0030] Tearing structure 200, main shaft 210, spacer 220, blade group 230,
[0031] Electric drive structure 300, output motor 310, speed reducer 320,
[0032] Fixed comb plate 400, connecting plate 510, comb tooth plate 520, extension plate 530, movable shaft 540, turnover gear 550,
[0033] Movable comb plate cylinder 600, turnover rack 610, guide roller 620,
[0034] Foreign matter guide plate 710, connecting rod assembly 720,
[0035] Pushing structure 800, pushing cylinder 810, pushing plate 820. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, in relation to the orientation description, for example, the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, top, bottom, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0038] In the description of the present application, the meaning of several is one or more, and the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, and above, below, etc. are understood as including the number. If it is described as first, second, it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the sequence of indicated technical features.
[0039] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be broadly understood, and the person skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical scheme.
[0040] The following refers to Figures 1-4 The single-shaft shredder according to the embodiments of the present application is described.
[0041] As Figures 1-4 shown, the single-shaft shredder includes a shredder housing 100, which is internally provided with a through shredding cavity 110, and a hopper (not shown in the drawings) is detachably arranged at the top of the shredder housing 100. The top of the shredding cavity 110 is hollow, and the hopper is detachably installed above the shredding cavity 110. The single-shaft shredder of the present embodiment can match manual or mechanical feeding, and the actual use mode is selected according to the requirement.
[0042] The shredding cavity 110 is further provided with a shredding structure 200, a fixed comb plate 400, a movable comb plate and a foreign matter discharging guide plate 710. The shredding structure 200 is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity 110, and an output end of the shredding structure 200 extends to an output end of an electric driving structure 300 through the shredding machine shell 100. The shredding structure 200 is driven by the electric driving structure 300. Compared with the existing hydraulic transmission, the output power of the device is reduced, but the use demand under small-scale production can be met. After the electric driving structure 300 is adopted, the discharge of hydraulic oil can be reduced during the regular maintenance of the device, the oil pollution to the environment is avoided, and the device is more friendly to the environment.
[0043] The fixed comb plate 400 is fixedly arranged in the shredding cavity 110 and located at one side of the shredding structure 200. An end surface of the fixed comb plate 400 is arranged to be inclined to the shredding structure 200. The surface of the fixed comb plate 400 is arranged to be inclined, so that the material falling on the surface of the fixed comb plate 400 is gathered to the shredding structure 200 under the action of gravity.
[0044] The movable comb plate is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity 110 and located at the other side of the shredding structure 200. The fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate are oppositely arranged. Specifically, the two sides of the shredding structure 200 are respectively provided with the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate. The shredding structure 200, the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate cover the plane of the shredding cavity 110, so that the material is continuously shredded above the shredding structure 200 and enters the area below the shredding cavity 110.
[0045] The foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity 110. The foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 and the movable comb plate are connected through a connecting rod assembly 720. When the movable comb plate is flipped, the connecting rod assembly 720 drives the foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 to flip, so as to discharge the foreign matter in the shredding cavity 110.
[0046] The movable comb plate cylinder 600 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft of the movable comb plate and is used for driving the movable comb plate to flip. The movable comb plate cylinder 600 is in a pressure maintaining state in the working state. If the foreign matter is mixed into the metal waste, generally, the foreign matter is a solid and hard metal block such as a metal end, and a very large shredding force is required. The torque of the material extruded by the shredding structure 200 on the movable comb plate is greater than the torque provided by the movable comb plate cylinder 600. The movable comb plate rotates around the shaft and drives the foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 to rotate through the connecting rod assembly 720. At this time, a gap is formed between the movable comb plate and the shredding structure 200. The foreign matter falls from the gap and slides along the surface of the foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 and falls into a special receiving container, which is separated from the shredded metal scraps. After that, the movable comb plate cylinder 600 pushes the movable comb plate to reset, and the shredding action continues.
[0047] In some embodiments of the utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the shredding structure 200 includes a main shaft 210, a spacer sleeve 220 sleeved with the main shaft 210, and a blade set 230 spaced along the main shaft 210.
[0048] Specifically, the periphery of the blade set 230 is provided with two specifications of large blades and small blades, wherein the blade set 230 with a larger diameter is located at the position of the side wall of the shredding cavity 110, and the blade set 230 with a smaller diameter is sleeved with the spacer sleeve 220 along the axial direction of the main shaft 210. The comb tooth gap of the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate corresponds to the gap of the blade set 230. When the material is hooked by the blade set 230 and pushed to the comb tooth gap of the comb plate, the material is shredded under the shearing force of the comb plate and the blade set 230.
[0049] Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the periphery of the blade set 230 is provided with a large blade set, and the large blade set is inclined to the direction of the movable comb plate. When the main shaft 210 rotates, the large blade set on the periphery of the blade set 230 pushes the material to the direction of the movable comb plate, so that the material is extruded and sheared by the large blade set and the comb plate.
[0050] Further, as shown in Figures 1-3 , the electric drive structure 300 includes an output motor 310 and a reduction box 320, the output shaft of the output motor 310 is connected with the input end of the reduction box 320, the output end of the reduction box 320 is connected with the main shaft 210, and the output motor 310 drives the main shaft 210 to rotate to the direction of the movable comb plate. Specifically, the output of the output motor 310 is increased by the speed reduction and torque increasing effect of the reduction box 320, so as to increase the output torque of the shredding structure 200, which can meet the shredding force demand of small-scale production. The structure of the output motor 310 and the reduction box 320 is a technical solution known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
[0051] In some embodiments of the utility model, as shown in Figures 1-4 , the movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate 510 and a comb tooth plate 520, the thickness of the comb tooth plate 520 is less than the thickness of the connecting plate 510, and the material in the shredding cavity 110 is gathered at the comb tooth plate 520. Specifically, the connecting plate 510 and the comb tooth plate 520 are integrally formed, and when the movable comb plate is turned over, the material of the connecting plate 510 approaches the comb tooth plate 520.
[0052] Further, as shown in Figures 1-4As shown, the connecting plate 510 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the shredder housing 100 through a movable shaft 540, one end of the movable shaft 540 extends to the movable comb plate cylinder 600 and is provided with a turnover gear 550, the output end of the movable comb plate cylinder 600 is provided with a turnover rack 610, and the turnover rack 610 is in meshing transmission with the turnover gear 550.
[0053] Specifically, the movable shaft 540 penetrates through the two side walls of the shredder housing 100 and is rotatably connected with the side wall openings through bearings, one end of the movable shaft 540 continues to extend to the movable comb plate cylinder 600 after penetrating through the side wall of the shredder housing 100, and the movable comb plate cylinder 600 drives the turnover gear 550 through the extension of the driving turnover rack 610. In the working state, the position of the turnover rack 610 is fixed, and when the movable comb plate is subjected to a pressing force, the movable comb plate cylinder 600 keeps the position of the turnover rack 610. When the torque generated on the movable comb plate is greater than the torque provided by the movable comb plate cylinder 600 and the gear and rack, the movable comb plate rotates around the movable shaft 540 and drives the foreign matter guide plate 710 to rotate through the connecting rod assembly 720. Then the movable comb plate cylinder 600 drives the turnover rack 610 to reset the movable comb plate, and the foreign matter removal work is completed.
[0054] In some embodiments of the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , a guide roller shaft 620 is arranged above the turnover rack 610, the guide roller shaft 620 abuts against the upper side of the turnover rack 610, and the turnover gear 550 is in meshing connection with the teeth below the turnover rack 610. Specifically, arranging the guide roller shaft 620 above the turnover rack 610 can offset the vertical stress of the turnover rack 610, so as to avoid the influence of the installation position deviation of the turnover rack 610 on the turnover and resetting of the movable comb plate.
[0055] In some embodiments of the utility model, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the end face of the foreign matter guide plate 710 is perpendicular to the end face of the movable comb plate in the initial state, and the foreign matter guide plate 710 is located below the comb tooth plate 520 and the shredding area of the shredding structure 200. Specifically, the foreign matter guide plate 710 is in a falling state under the action of gravity, and when the movable comb plate is turned over, the connecting rod assembly 720 drives the foreign matter guide plate 710 to turn over upwards, at this time, the dropping area of the shredding cavity 110 is shielded by the foreign matter guide plate 710, and the inclined end of the foreign matter guide plate 710 points to the foreign matter recovery cavity or the foreign matter recovery box, and the foreign matter falls into the foreign matter guide plate 710 and slides into the foreign matter recovery container under the action of gravity.
[0056] Further, the joint between the connecting plate 510 and the comb plate 520 extends downwardly to a prolonging plate 530, one end of a connecting rod assembly 720 is hinged to the prolonging plate 530, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly 720 is hinged to the foreign matter guide plate 710. Specifically, in order to enable the foreign matter guide plate 710 to be driven by the connecting rod assembly 720 during the rotation of the movable comb plate, the hinge point between the connecting rod assembly 720 and the movable comb plate needs to be eccentrically arranged with the movable shaft 540. The movable comb plate is arranged to stagger the hinge point of the connecting rod assembly 720 and the axis of the movable shaft 540 through the prolonging plate 530, so that when the movable comb plate rotates around the movable shaft 540, the connecting rod assembly 720 rotates around the hinge point of the prolonging plate 530 to drive the foreign matter guide plate 710 to overturn.
[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-3 The pushing structure 800 includes a pushing cylinder 810 and a pushing plate 820, the output end of the pushing cylinder 810 is connected with the pushing plate 820 and drives the pushing plate 820 to reciprocate towards the shredding structure 200.
[0058] Specifically, because the filamentous or clumpy metal waste is in a fluffy state, the blade set 230 cannot be hooked, and the shredding structure 200 is idle. In order to prevent this situation from occurring, a pushing cylinder 810 and a pushing plate 820 are arranged above the movable comb plate, the pushing plate 820 is driven by the pushing cylinder 810 to reciprocate, and the metal waste is pushed to the blade set 230, thereby improving the shredding efficiency of the material.
[0059] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
[0060] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A single shaft shredder characterized by, The utility model provides a shredder, which comprises a shredder shell (100) with a through shredding cavity (110) inside; a shredding structure (200) rotatably connected to the shredding cavity (110), with an input end of the shredding structure (200) drivingly connected to an output end of an electric drive structure (300); a fixed comb plate (400) fixedly arranged in the shredding cavity (110) and located at one side of the shredding structure (200); a movable comb plate rotatably connected to the shredding cavity (110) and located at the other side of the shredding structure (200), with the fixed comb plate (400) and the movable comb plate oppositely arranged; a movable comb plate air cylinder (600) drivingly connected to a rotating shaft of the movable comb plate for driving the movable comb plate to overturn; a foreign matter guide plate (710) rotatably connected to the shredding cavity (110), with the foreign matter guide plate (710) and the movable comb plate linked through a connecting rod assembly (720), so that when the movable comb plate overturns, the connecting rod assembly (720) drives the foreign matter guide plate (710) to overturn, thereby discharging foreign matters in the shredding cavity (110). The shredding structure (200) comprises a main shaft (210), a spacer sleeve (220) sleeved with the main shaft (210), and a blade group (230), with the main shaft (210) rotatably connected to a side wall of the shredder shell (100) through a bearing, and the spacer sleeve (220) and the blade group (230) being arranged along the main shaft (210) direction. The blade group (230) is provided with a large blade group around the periphery, and the large blade group is inclined to the movable comb plate. The electric drive structure (300) comprises an output motor (310) and a speed reducer (320), with an output shaft of the output motor (310) connected to an input end of the speed reducer (320), an output end of the speed reducer (320) connected to the main shaft (210), and the output motor (310) driving the main shaft (210) to rotate to the movable comb plate. The movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate (510) and a comb tooth plate (520), the thickness of the comb tooth plate (520) is less than the thickness of the connecting plate (510), and materials in the shredding cavity (110) are gathered at the comb tooth plate (520). The connecting plate (510) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the shredder shell (100) through a movable shaft (540), one end of the movable shaft (540) extends to the movable comb plate air cylinder (600) and is provided with a overturning gear (550), an output end of the movable comb plate air cylinder (600) is provided with an overturning rack (610), the overturning rack (610) is meshingly and drivingly connected to the overturning gear (550). An upper portion of the overturning rack (610) is provided with a guide roller shaft (620) abutting against the upper portion of the overturning rack (610), and the overturning gear (550) is meshingly and drivingly connected to the teeth below the overturning rack (610).
2. The single shaft shredder of claim 1, wherein, 3. The single shaft shredder of claim 2, wherein, 4. The single shaft shredder of claim 3, wherein, 5. The single shaft shredder of claim 1, wherein, 6. The single shaft shredder of claim 5, wherein, 7. The single shaft shredder of claim 6, wherein, 8. The single shaft shredder of claim 5, wherein, The end surface of the foreign matter guide plate (710) is initially perpendicular to the end surface of the movable comb plate, and the foreign matter guide plate (710) is located below the comb tooth plate (520) and the tearing area of the tearing structure (200).
9. The single shaft shredder of claim 8, wherein, The joint between the connecting plate (510) and the comb tooth plate (520) extends downward to form an extension plate (530), one end of the connecting rod assembly (720) is hinged to the extension plate (530), and the other end of the connecting rod assembly (720) is hinged to the foreign matter guide plate (710).
10. The uniaxial shredder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The pushing structure (800) is further included and is arranged above the movable comb plate, the pushing structure (800) includes a pushing cylinder (810) and a pushing plate (820), the output end of the pushing cylinder (810) is connected to the pushing plate (820) and drives the pushing plate (820) to reciprocate and approach the tearing structure (200).