Heat exchange efficiency early warning system for heat exchanger of railway internal combustion locomotive

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of railway locomotive equipment, in particular to a railway internal combustion locomotive heat exchanger heat exchange efficiency early warning system which comprises a heat exchanger body, an oil inlet pipeline, an oil outlet pipeline and an early warning compensation mechanism. The early warning compensation mechanism comprises temperature detection modules arranged on the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline, a flow speed monitoring module arranged on the oil outlet pipeline, an alarm module arranged on the heat exchanger body and a compensation module arranged on one side of the heat exchanger body. The oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline are respectively connected with the compensation module; control valves on an oil inlet branch pipe and an oil outlet branch pipe are controlled to be opened through a PLC, part of water flows through a compensation heat exchanger, and an electric heating wire can heat water in the compensation heat exchanger, increase the water temperature and compensate for insufficient heat exchange of a heat exchanger body; and the internal combustion engine can work normally before further measures are taken.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway locomotive equipment technology, specifically to a heat exchange efficiency early warning system for railway diesel locomotive heat exchangers. Background Technology

[0002] The heat exchanger of a railway diesel locomotive is a key component of its cooling system, playing a vital role in maintaining the temperature of the diesel engine oil within the normal range. It cools the oil by exchanging heat between the low-temperature cooling water and the oil, thus ensuring the normal operation of the diesel engine.

[0003] However, as the heat exchanger operates for longer periods, its heat exchange efficiency gradually decreases. This decrease in efficiency can lead to uncontrolled engine oil temperature, which in turn affects the performance and lifespan of the diesel engine and may even cause locomotive malfunctions. Currently, there is a lack of effective means to monitor the heat exchanger's efficiency in real time and issue timely warnings so that appropriate measures can be taken before the efficiency drops to the point of affecting the normal operation of the locomotive. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat exchange efficiency early warning system for railway diesel locomotive heat exchangers, which solves the problems existing in the prior art mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a heat exchange efficiency early warning system for a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger body, an oil inlet pipe and an oil outlet pipe respectively connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchanger body, and an early warning compensation mechanism disposed on the heat exchanger body. The early warning compensation mechanism includes a temperature detection module disposed on the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe, a flow rate monitoring module disposed on the oil outlet pipe, an alarm module disposed on the heat exchanger body, and a compensation module disposed on one side of the heat exchanger body; the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe are respectively connected to the compensation module.

[0006] Furthermore, the compensation module includes a compensation heat exchanger, an oil inlet branch pipe and an oil outlet branch pipe respectively connected to the inlet end and the outlet end of the compensation heat exchanger; one end of the oil inlet branch pipe and the oil outlet branch pipe are respectively connected to the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline, and a control valve is provided on the oil inlet branch pipe and the oil outlet branch pipe, and an electric heating wire is sleeved on the oil inlet branch pipe and the oil outlet branch pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the temperature detection module includes temperature sensors respectively installed on the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the flow rate monitoring module includes a pair of ultrasonic sensors installed on the oil outlet pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the alarm module is specifically an audible and visual alarm installed on the heat exchanger body.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is a surface-mount sensor, which is fixed to the oil inlet and outlet pipelines with adhesive.

[0011] Furthermore, the ultrasonic sensor is fixed to the straight section of the oil outlet pipeline by a sensor fixing clamp, and the emitting surface and receiving surface are perpendicular to the water flow direction.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. Real-time monitoring of heat exchange efficiency: Through temperature sensors on the oil inlet and outlet pipelines, as well as an ultrasonic sensor on the oil outlet pipeline, the system can collect in-oil temperature signals and oil flow velocity signals in real time and transmit them to the PLC controller. Based on these parameters, the real-time heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger body can be calculated, and its working status can be monitored in a timely manner.

[0014] 2. Timely warning: When the heat exchange efficiency is detected to drop to a level that may affect the normal operation of the locomotive, the PLC controller controls the audible and visual alarm to sound an alarm, reminding the staff to deal with it in time, so as to avoid the oil temperature runaway due to heat exchange efficiency problems, which would affect the performance and life of the diesel engine, or even cause locomotive failure.

[0015] 3. Temporary compensation function: When the heat exchange efficiency decreases, the compensation module can play a role. The control valves on the oil inlet and outlet branches are opened by the PLC controller, allowing some oil to flow through the compensation heat exchanger. At the same time, the heating wire can heat the oil in the compensation heat exchanger to increase the oil temperature, providing temporary compensation for the insufficient heat exchange of the heat exchanger body, and ensuring that the internal combustion engine can work normally before further measures are taken. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] 1. Heat exchanger body; 2. Oil inlet pipe; 3. Oil outlet pipe; 4. Compensating heat exchanger; 5. Oil inlet branch pipe; 6. Oil outlet branch pipe; 7. Control valve; 8. Heating wire; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Ultrasonic sensor; 11. Audible and visual alarm. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 3A heat exchange efficiency early warning system for a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger consists of a heat exchanger body 1, an oil inlet pipe 2 and an oil outlet pipe 3 connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchanger body 1 respectively, and an early warning compensation mechanism installed on the heat exchanger body 1. When the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger body 1 changes, the early warning compensation mechanism will alarm and provide temporary compensation to prevent it from affecting the operation of the diesel locomotive.

[0022] The aforementioned early warning and compensation mechanism consists of a temperature detection module installed on the oil inlet pipe 2 and the oil outlet pipe 3, a flow rate monitoring module installed on the oil outlet pipe 3, an alarm module installed on the heat exchanger body 1, and a compensation module installed on one side of the heat exchanger body 1. Specifically, the temperature detection module includes temperature sensors 9 installed on the oil inlet pipe 2 and the oil outlet pipe 3 respectively. These temperature sensors 9 are waterproof, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature resistant, and interference-resistant surface-mount sensors, fixed to the oil inlet pipe 2 and the oil outlet pipe 3 by adhesive or mounting brackets. It is necessary to ensure that the temperature measuring part of the temperature sensor 9 is in full contact with the water flow to measure the inlet and outlet water temperatures. The signal output line of the temperature sensor 9 is connected to the corresponding input pin of the PLC controller for temperature signal acquisition. The flow rate monitoring module includes a pair of ultrasonic sensors 10 installed on the oil outlet pipe 3, spaced at a certain distance (according to the measurement requirements of the ultrasonic sensors 10). (Request) Install an ultrasonic sensor 10 that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves, fix it with a sensor fixing clamp, ensure that the transmitting and receiving surfaces of the sensor are perpendicular to the water flow direction, and connect the signal output line of the ultrasonic sensor 10 to the PLC controller for flow velocity signal acquisition; The alarm module is specifically an audible and visual alarm 11 installed on the heat exchanger body 1, which is also connected to the PLC controller; The compensation module includes a compensation heat exchanger 4, an oil inlet branch pipe 5 and an oil outlet branch pipe 6 respectively connected to the inlet end and outlet end of the compensation heat exchanger 4; One end of the oil inlet branch pipe 5 and the oil outlet branch pipe 6 are respectively connected to the oil inlet pipeline 2 and the oil outlet pipeline 3, and a control valve 7 is provided on the oil inlet branch pipe 5 and the oil outlet branch pipe 6, and an electric heating wire 8 is sleeved on the oil inlet branch pipe 5 and the oil outlet branch pipe 6. The control valve 7 is specifically an electric regulating valve or a pneumatic regulating valve, and the control valve 7 and the electric heating wire 8 are also connected to the PLC controller.

[0023] Working process and working principle: The system involves the following steps during operation:

[0024] 1. Data Acquisition: After the system starts, the temperature sensors 9 on the oil inlet pipe 2 and the oil outlet pipe 3 begin to work. The temperature sensor 9 on the oil inlet pipe 2 monitors the initial temperature of the oil entering the heat exchanger body 1 in real time, and the temperature sensor 9 on the oil outlet pipe 3 monitors the temperature of the oil after heat exchange in the heat exchanger body 1. These temperature sensors 9 convert the temperature signals into electrical signals and transmit them to the PLC controller. At the same time, a pair of ultrasonic sensors 10 on the oil outlet pipe 3 measure the oil flow rate by emitting and receiving ultrasonic pulses and using the time difference principle, and transmit the flow rate signal to the PLC controller.

[0025] 2. Heat exchange efficiency assessment and judgment: After receiving the temperature and flow rate signals, the PLC controller assesses the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger body 1 according to the internal preset program. Based on the temperature difference (difference between oil inlet temperature and oil outlet temperature) and oil flow rate, it judges whether the heat exchange is normal. If the heat exchange efficiency is lower than the set standard, it indicates that there may be a heat exchange problem, and the system enters the compensation and adjustment stage.

[0026] 3. Handling of reduced heat exchange efficiency; (1) Handling of insufficient cooling: When the heat exchanger body 1 is reduced due to scaling, blockage or component damage, the oil cooling effect is poor and the temperature tends to rise, the PLC controller starts the compensation strategy and controls the control valve 7 in the compensation module to open, so that part of the oil in the oil inlet pipe 2 flows into the compensation heat exchanger 4 through the oil inlet branch pipe 5; if the problem is minor, the oil in the compensation heat exchanger 4 will increase the temperature through natural heat exchange and then flow back to the oil outlet pipe 3 through the oil outlet branch pipe 6, mix with the original heat exchanged oil, and enhance the cooling effect. During this process, the heating wire 8 does not work; if the insufficient cooling is serious, at the same time as the control valve 7 is opened, the PLC controller starts the heating wire 8, determines the heating power according to the degree of heat exchange efficiency reduction, and heats the oil in the compensation heat exchanger 4 by adjusting the current or voltage, further increasing the oil temperature, compensating for insufficient cooling, and ensuring that the oil temperature is suitable; during the compensation process, the temperature sensor 9 and the ultrasonic sensor 10 continuously monitor the oil temperature and flow rate, and the PLC controller dynamically adjusts the real-time data. (2) Overcooling treatment: In special working conditions such as the initial start-up of the locomotive in a cold environment or long-term low-speed operation, if the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger body 1 is too high or the cooling water temperature is too low, resulting in the oil temperature being too low and affecting its fluidity and lubrication effect, the PLC controller will also start the compensation module. First, by adjusting the control valve 7, the flow rate of oil entering the heat exchanger body 1 will be reduced, and the cooling intensity will be reduced. At the same time, the electric heating wire 8 in the compensation heat exchanger 4 will be started to heat a small amount of oil flowing in. The heated oil will mix with the low-temperature oil flowing out of the heat exchanger body 1 to appropriately increase the overall oil temperature and prevent the oil temperature from being too low. The temperature sensor 9 monitors the oil temperature in real time, and the PLC controller accurately controls the opening of the control valve 7 and the heating power of the electric heating wire 8 to ensure that the oil temperature is stable within a suitable range.

[0027] 4. Early warning and maintenance: When the PLC controller determines that the heat exchange efficiency has dropped to a level that may affect the normal operation of the locomotive, it controls the audible and visual alarm 11 installed on the heat exchanger body 1 to sound an alarm and remind the staff to handle the situation. The system continuously monitors the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger body 1 in real time, and repeatedly performs the above-mentioned data collection, evaluation, judgment, and processing operations to ensure the safe and stable operation of railway diesel locomotives. When the heat exchange efficiency returns to normal, the PLC controller decides whether to stop the compensation module from working or continue monitoring based on the actual situation, so as to deal with the heat exchange efficiency abnormality again in a timely manner.

Claims

1. A heat exchange efficiency early warning system for a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger body (1), an oil inlet pipe (2) and an oil outlet pipe (3) respectively connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchanger body (1), and an early warning compensation mechanism disposed on the heat exchanger body (1), characterized in that, The early warning compensation mechanism includes a temperature detection module installed on the oil inlet pipe (2) and the oil outlet pipe (3), a flow rate monitoring module installed on the oil outlet pipe (3), an alarm module installed on the heat exchanger body (1), and a compensation module installed on one side of the heat exchanger body (1); the oil inlet pipe (2) and the oil outlet pipe (3) are respectively connected to the compensation module.

2. The early warning system for heat exchange efficiency of a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation module includes a compensation heat exchanger (4), an oil inlet branch pipe (5) and an oil outlet branch pipe (6) respectively connected to the inlet end and the outlet end of the compensation heat exchanger (4); one end of the oil inlet branch pipe (5) and the oil outlet branch pipe (6) are respectively connected to the oil inlet pipeline (2) and the oil outlet pipeline (3), and a control valve (7) is provided on the oil inlet branch pipe (5) and the oil outlet branch pipe (6), and an electric heating wire (8) is sleeved on the oil inlet branch pipe (5) and the oil outlet branch pipe (6).

3. The early warning system for heat exchange efficiency of a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature detection module includes temperature sensors (9) installed on the oil inlet pipe (2) and the oil outlet pipe (3).

4. The early warning system for heat exchange efficiency of a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow rate monitoring module includes a pair of ultrasonic sensors (10) installed on the oil outlet pipeline (3).

5. The early warning system for heat exchange efficiency of a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The alarm module is specifically an audible and visual alarm (11) installed on the heat exchanger body (1).

6. The heat exchange efficiency early warning system for a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (9) is a surface-mount sensor, which is fixed to the oil inlet pipe (2) and the oil outlet pipe (3) by adhesive.

7. The early warning system for heat exchange efficiency of a railway diesel locomotive heat exchanger as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The ultrasonic sensor (10) is fixed to the straight section of the oil outlet pipeline (3) by a sensor fixing clamp, and the emitting surface and receiving surface are perpendicular to the water flow direction.

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