Double-circulation active equalization circuit based on flyback transformer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-circulation active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer, which comprises an AFE acquisition unit, a master control equalization module, an isolation communication unit and a control unit, and is characterized in that the AFE acquisition unit is used for acquiring the voltage of a single battery and transmitting the voltage to the control unit through the isolation communication unit; receiving the identification information sent by the control unit and transmitting the identification information to the active balancing module; the control unit is used for judging the single batteries needing to be equalized according to the voltage of the single batteries, marking the single batteries, forming identification information and transmitting the identification information to the AFE acquisition unit; and the active equalization module is used for carrying out internal and external circulation battery equalization on the single batteries in the identification information. By implementing the circuit provided by the invention, the problems of low equalization speed, low efficiency, large physical space requirement, capability of equalizing only one battery unit at a time and the like in the existing battery equalization technology can be solved, and the imbalance phenomenon of a high-capacity battery pack is difficult to effectively solve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery balancing circuit technology, and in particular to a dual-cycle active balancing circuit based on a flyback transformer. Background Technology

[0002] After prolonged operation, both power battery packs used in electric vehicles and energy storage battery packs in stationary energy storage systems will face the problem of battery imbalance. This imbalance is similar to the "weakest link in a bucket" effect, where the weakest battery cell determines the performance of the entire battery pack, resulting in limited charge and discharge capacity, shortened battery life, and ultimately affecting the overall durability and efficiency of the battery pack.

[0003] Currently, common battery balancing technologies on the market mainly include three types: consumption-based, replenishment-based, and transfer-based. One method achieves balancing by consuming excess energy from individual battery cells through resistors, but this method requires a small balancing current, resulting in slow balancing speed and limited effectiveness for large-capacity battery packs. Another method involves additionally charging individual battery cells to achieve balancing, which can more effectively solve the imbalance problem, but this solution usually requires a large physical space and can only balance one battery cell at a time. A third method achieves balancing through direct energy transfer between battery cells, but this method is either inefficient or can only balance one battery cell at a time.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new method to solve the problems of slow balancing speed, low efficiency, large physical space requirements, and the fact that existing battery balancing technologies can only balance one battery cell at a time, making it difficult to effectively solve the imbalance phenomenon of large-capacity battery packs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A dual-cycle active balancing circuit based on a flyback transformer is provided, comprising: an AFE acquisition unit, a main control balancing module, an isolation communication unit, and a control unit. The AFE acquisition unit is used to acquire the voltage of individual battery cells and transmit it to the control unit via the isolation communication unit. It also receives identification information from the control unit and transmits it to the active balancing module. The control unit is used to determine which battery cells need balancing based on their voltage and mark them, forming identification information, which is then transmitted to the AFE acquisition unit. The active balancing module is used to perform internal and external cycle battery balancing on the battery cells within the identified identification information.

[0007] The further technical solution includes a power control unit, which is connected to the active balancing module, the control unit, and the external power supply.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the power control unit is connected to the battery cell.

[0009] The further technical solution includes a communication unit, which is connected to both the active balancing module and the AFE acquisition unit.

[0010] The further technical solution is as follows: the main control equalization module includes a flyback transformer.

[0011] The further technical solution is as follows: the flyback transformer includes multiple secondary windings, each secondary winding corresponding to one or more of the battery cells.

[0012] The further technical solution is as follows: the isolated communication unit includes an isolation circuit and a communication module, the isolation circuit is connected to the communication module, the isolation circuit is connected to the AFE acquisition unit, and the communication module is connected to the control unit.

[0013] The further technical solution is as follows: the isolation circuit includes a diode and a capacitor, the diode is connected to the capacitor, and one end of the diode is connected to the AFE acquisition unit.

[0014] The further technical solution is as follows: the AFE acquisition unit includes a filtering circuit for filtering the voltage of individual battery cells.

[0015] The further technical solution is as follows: the AFE acquisition unit, the main control equalization module, the isolation communication unit and the control unit are arranged on the circuit board in an array.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: This invention, by setting up an AFE (Active Factor Equalization) acquisition unit, a main control equalization module, an isolation communication unit, and a control unit, allows the AFE acquisition unit to accurately measure the voltage of each battery cell and transmit the data to the control unit in real time via the isolation communication unit. The control unit analyzes these voltage values, determines which battery cells require equalization processing, and generates corresponding identification information to feed back to the AFE acquisition unit. Then, the AFE acquisition unit transmits the received identification information to the active equalization module, initiating the equalization process. This active equalization module utilizes a flyback transformer to achieve efficient internal and external loop equalization operations, enabling simultaneous and rapid equalization of multiple battery cells, significantly improving equalization speed and efficiency. Furthermore, due to its compact design, this equalization circuit effectively reduces physical space requirements, making it highly suitable for application in large-capacity battery packs to address internal imbalances.

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a flyback transformer-based dual-cycle active equalization circuit provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A specific circuit diagram of a flyback transformer-based dual-cycle active equalization circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of the markings in the image:

[0022] 10. AFE acquisition unit; 20. Main control equalization module; 30. Isolation communication unit; 40. Control unit; 50. Battery cell; 60. Power control unit; 70. Communication unit. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0025] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0027] After prolonged operation, both the power battery packs of electric vehicles and the energy storage battery packs in stationary energy storage systems will encounter the problem of battery imbalance. This imbalance not only limits the charging and discharging capacity of the battery pack but also shortens the battery's lifespan, seriously affecting overall performance. Existing battery balancing technologies, although categorized into dissipative, supplementary, and transfer methods, each have their shortcomings. Dissipative balancing methods dissipate excess energy through resistors, resulting in low balancing rates and poor effectiveness for large-capacity battery packs. Supplementary balancing, while effectively improving imbalance, is difficult to widely apply due to its large physical space requirements. Transfer balancing methods, while aiming to improve efficiency, face challenges when processing multiple battery cells simultaneously. Therefore, existing balancing technologies cannot fully meet the demands of large-capacity battery packs for fast, efficient, and simultaneous multi-cell balancing.

[0028] Therefore, this utility model provides a dual-cycle active balancing circuit based on a flyback transformer to solve the problems of slow balancing speed, low efficiency, large physical space requirements, and the fact that existing battery balancing technologies can only balance one battery cell at a time, making it difficult to effectively solve the imbalance phenomenon of large-capacity battery packs.

[0029] Specifically, this circuit achieves the goals of small size, high efficiency, high stability, and high reliability in battery balancing through ingenious design. Specifically, the AFE acquisition unit 10 accurately samples the voltage of each battery cell 50 and securely transmits the data to the control unit 40 via the isolated communication unit 30. The control unit 40 intelligently determines which battery cells 50 need balancing based on the received voltage information and instructs the active balancing module to perform internal and external dual-cycle balancing operations via identification information. During this process, the power control unit 60 ensures energy management during balancing, while the use of a flyback transformer and its multiple secondary windings allow for efficient balancing of multiple battery cells simultaneously, improving balancing speed and efficiency. Furthermore, the basic components used in the circuit, such as diodes and capacitors, not only simplify the design but also ensure system reliability and cost-effectiveness. Finally, the functional modules are compactly arranged in an array on the circuit board, further reducing the device size, making this balancing circuit an ideal, stackable, independent dual-cycle active balancing solution.

[0030] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic block diagram of a flyback transformer-based dual-cycle active balancing circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The flyback transformer-based dual-cycle active balancing circuit includes: an AFE acquisition unit 10, a main control balancing module 20, an isolation communication unit 30, and a control unit 40. The AFE acquisition unit 10 is used to acquire the voltage of individual battery cells 50 and transmit it to the control unit 40 via the isolation communication unit 30. It also receives identification information from the control unit 40 and transmits it to the active balancing module. The control unit 40 is used to determine which individual battery cells 50 need balancing based on their voltage and mark them, forming identification information, which is then transmitted to the AFE acquisition unit 10. The active balancing module is used to perform internal and external cycle battery balancing on the individual battery cells 50 within the identification information.

[0032] In this embodiment, the AFE (Analog Front End) acquisition unit is responsible for acquiring the voltage data of each battery cell 50 in real time. Specifically, the voltage of each battery cell 50 can be sampled by the built-in high-precision ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter). The acquired voltage data is processed by a filtering circuit to remove noise interference and ensure the accuracy of the data. The processed voltage data is transmitted to the control unit 40 through the isolation communication unit 30.

[0033] The isolation communication unit 30 is responsible for secure communication between the AFE acquisition unit 10 and the control unit 40, ensuring reliable signal transmission and interference resistance. It includes diodes and capacitors for electrical isolation, preventing high-voltage signals from damaging the control unit 40. It is responsible for data transmission, which can be SPI, I2C, or other suitable communication protocols.

[0034] Specifically, the AFE acquisition unit 10 transmits the processed voltage data to the communication module through an isolation circuit; the communication module packages the data and transmits it to the control unit 40 through a communication line.

[0035] The control unit 40 is responsible for receiving voltage data transmitted from the AFE acquisition unit 10, determining the battery cells 50 that need to be balanced according to a preset algorithm, and generating corresponding identification information. The control unit 40 receives the voltage data transmitted from the AFE acquisition unit 10 through a communication module; the control unit 40 internally runs a balancing algorithm, compares the voltage values ​​of each battery cell 50, and determines the battery cells 50 that need to be balanced. The balancing algorithm is a prior art algorithm and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] The control unit 40 generates identification information to mark the battery cells 50 that need to be balanced; the identification information is transmitted back to the AFE acquisition unit 10 through the isolation communication unit 30, and the AFE acquisition unit 10 then forwards this information to the active balancing module.

[0037] The active balancing module performs internal and external balancing operations on the battery cells 50 that need to be balanced based on the received identification information.

[0038] Flyback transformers are used to achieve efficient energy transfer and include multiple secondary windings, each corresponding to one or more battery cells 50.

[0039] The active balancing module initiates an internal loop balancing operation based on the received identification information. The internal loop balancing draws power from the module's total voltage (i.e., the total number of cells sampled by one AFE acquisition unit) and transfers energy through the primary winding of the flyback transformer. This energy is then transferred through the secondary winding to the individual battery cells 50 that need balancing, charging them. The internal loop balancing ends when the voltage difference between these battery cells 50 reaches a predetermined range.

[0040] When inter-module balancing is required, the active balancing module draws power from an external power source (such as a 24V power supply). Energy is transferred through the primary winding of the flyback transformer, and then through the secondary winding to the entire module or a specific battery cell 50 (i.e., the battery cell 50 sampled by an AFE acquisition unit). This charges the entire module or the specific battery cell 50, further reducing the voltage difference between modules. The external balancing cycle ends when the voltage difference between modules reaches a predetermined range.

[0041] Built with basic components, this compact system is easy to integrate into existing battery management systems without occupying excessive space. The dual-cycle design improves energy utilization efficiency, reduces energy loss, and extends battery life. The high-efficiency energy transfer characteristics of the flyback transformer further enhance the overall system efficiency. The use of the flyback transformer enhances system stability, reduces the failure rate, and ensures long-term reliable operation. The electrical isolation function of the isolation communication unit 30 effectively prevents high-voltage signals from damaging the control unit 40, improving the system's anti-interference capability. The use of simple passive components for electrical isolation increases system reliability and reduces maintenance costs. The balancing algorithm of the control unit 40 is optimized to accurately identify the battery cells 50 requiring balancing, reducing misjudgments and unnecessary balancing operations. It can be stacked as an independent module on top of existing passive balancing systems, offering strong adaptability and flexible configuration according to actual needs. The modular design makes system expansion and upgrades more convenient, adapting to future technological developments and application requirements.

[0042] This invention is not only applicable to the active balancing management of battery packs in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, etc., but can also be widely applied to other occasions that require precise management and balancing of battery packs, such as portable electronic devices, industrial equipment, etc.

[0043] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1The aforementioned dual-cycle active balancing circuit based on a flyback transformer is characterized by further including a power control unit 60, which is connected to the active balancing module, the control unit 40, and an external power supply.

[0044] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The aforementioned power control unit 60 is connected to the battery cell 50.

[0045] In this embodiment, the power control unit 60 is responsible for managing the energy flow between the external power supply and the active balancing module, ensuring efficient energy transmission and reasonable distribution. The power control unit 60 includes a power management chip, switching devices, and a drive circuit. The power management chip is connected to the switching devices, the switching devices are connected to the drive circuit, and the drive circuit is connected to the active balancing module.

[0046] The power control unit 60 precisely controls the energy transferred from the external power source to the battery cell 50 or the entire module, improving energy utilization efficiency. The power control unit 60 can detect and prevent overload conditions, protecting the circuit from damage and enhancing system safety. Based on the real-time status of the battery cell 50, the power control unit 60 can dynamically adjust energy transfer, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the equalization process.

[0047] Direct connection to individual battery cells 50 enables finer energy management, ensuring that the voltage of each cell remains within its optimal range. Direct connection also reduces signal transmission delay, improves system response speed, and ensures timely and accurate equalization operation.

[0048] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The aforementioned dual-cycle active balancing circuit based on a flyback transformer also includes a communication unit 70, which is connected to the active balancing module and the AFE acquisition unit 10.

[0049] In this embodiment, the communication unit 70 is responsible for data transmission between the AFE acquisition unit 10 and the active balancing module, ensuring the accuracy and real-time performance of the data. The communication unit 70 can be a CAN module, etc. Through the communication unit 70, the AFE acquisition unit 10 can transmit the acquired data to the active balancing module in real time, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the balancing operation. The communication unit 70 supports bidirectional communication, which can transmit not only voltage data but also control commands, improving the flexibility and controllability of the system.

[0050] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The aforementioned main control equalization module 20 includes a flyback transformer.

[0051] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2The aforementioned flyback transformer includes multiple secondary windings, each secondary winding corresponding to one or more battery cells 50.

[0052] Flyback transformers are used to achieve efficient energy transfer and support equalization operation of internal and external circulation. Flyback transformers have high-efficiency energy transfer characteristics, which can reduce energy loss and improve equalization efficiency. Multiple secondary windings can simultaneously perform equalization operations on multiple battery cells 50, improving equalization speed and effectiveness.

[0053] The flyback transformer includes multiple secondary windings, each corresponding to one or more battery cells 50. Each secondary winding is responsible for energy transfer to its corresponding battery cell 50, achieving precise balancing operation.

[0054] Multiple secondary windings can simultaneously balance multiple battery cells 50, improving balancing speed and efficiency. Different numbers of secondary windings can be selected to suit different battery pack configurations based on actual needs.

[0055] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The aforementioned isolated communication unit 30 includes an isolation circuit and a communication module. The isolation circuit is connected to the communication module, the isolation circuit is connected to the AFE acquisition unit 10, and the communication module is connected to the control unit 40.

[0056] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The isolation circuit mentioned above includes a diode and a capacitor. The diode and the capacitor are connected, and one end of the diode is connected to the AFE acquisition unit 10.

[0057] In this embodiment, the isolation circuit prevents high-voltage signals from damaging the control unit 40, improving the system's safety and reliability. Electrical isolation reduces electromagnetic interference, ensuring the accuracy and stability of data transmission.

[0058] Diodes and capacitors work together to achieve electrical isolation and signal transmission. The isolation circuit composed of diodes and capacitors is simple in structure, low in cost, and highly reliable. Diodes can effectively block reverse current, while capacitors can filter out high-frequency noise, improving the system's anti-interference capability.

[0059] In one embodiment, the AFE acquisition unit 10 described above includes a filtering circuit for filtering the voltage of the battery cell 50. The filtering circuit can remove noise from the voltage signal, improving the accuracy of the data. The filtered voltage signal is more stable, which helps the control unit 40 make more accurate judgments.

[0060] In one embodiment, the AFE acquisition unit 10, main control equalization module 20, isolation communication unit 30 and control unit 40 described above are arranged on a circuit board in an array.

[0061] This layout optimizes circuit board space utilization and improves system integration. Array layouts reduce circuit board size, save space, and facilitate installation and maintenance. A well-designed layout improves heat dissipation, enhancing system stability and lifespan. Array layouts also facilitate modular design, allowing for the addition or removal of modules as needed, thus increasing system scalability.

[0062] The circuit in this embodiment adopts a highly integrated design, integrating core components such as the AFE acquisition unit 10, communication unit 70, and active balancing module into a miniaturized module. This compact design not only saves space but also facilitates installation and maintenance. This embodiment uses lightweight and durable materials to manufacture the housing, placing all the components and circuit boards involved in the circuit within this housing, further reducing the overall weight of the module. This makes it particularly suitable for weight-sensitive applications such as electric vehicles and portable energy storage systems.

[0063] The communication unit 70 employs a low-power communication protocol (such as CAN or LIN), reducing the overall power consumption of the system while ensuring data transmission speed and reliability. The active balancing module achieves efficient energy transfer through precise control of the balancing current. Whether internal or external balancing, it responds quickly and achieves ideal balancing results, reducing energy loss.

[0064] Both the communication unit 70 and the active balancing module employ redundant design, ensuring the system continues to operate normally even if one component fails, thus improving system robustness. The AFE acquisition unit 10 continuously monitors key parameters such as voltage and temperature of the battery cells 50 and transmits them in real time to the control unit 40 via the communication unit 70. The control unit 40 makes intelligent judgments based on this data, promptly initiating balancing operations or triggering fault alarms to ensure long-term stable operation of the system.

[0065] The communication unit 70 supports multiple communication protocols, ensuring the accuracy and real-time performance of data transmission. Errors during data transmission are effectively prevented through CRC checksums, parity checks, and other methods. All components used are high-quality basic parts, rigorously selected and tested to ensure high performance and long lifespan under various operating environments.

[0066] After the AFE acquisition unit 10 detects a battery cell 50 that needs balancing, it notifies the MCU via the communication unit 70. The control unit 40 then sends a balancing command to the AFE, which ultimately transmits the command to the active balancing module. The active balancing module draws power from the module's total voltage and charges the battery cell 50 by activating the balancing channel, thus achieving internal balancing. For cases requiring cross-module balancing, the active balancing module can draw power from an external power source (such as a 24V DC power supply) and charge all cells within a battery module by activating the balancing channel, thus achieving inter-module balancing.

[0067] Each equalization module is independent and can operate alone or be combined with other modules to form a multi-layered equalization system. This modular design makes the system more flexible to expand, allowing the number of equalization modules to be added or removed according to actual needs. The central control unit 40 can manage and schedule multiple equalization modules uniformly, ensuring the coordinated operation of the entire system. The central control unit 40 can also dynamically adjust the equalization strategy based on the real-time status of the battery pack, further improving the overall performance of the system.

[0068] In summary, the control unit 40 in this embodiment precisely controls the opening and closing of each equalization channel, ensuring high flexibility and accuracy. The main control equalization module 20 has dual voltage and current protection functions and adopts a constant voltage and constant current design, ensuring the safety and efficiency of system operation. The isolation communication unit 30 uses simple passive components such as diodes and capacitors, which are directly connected to the battery, simplifying the design and improving the stability and reliability of the system. The miniaturized design of the entire module effectively saves space and is suitable for integration into compact devices. The stacked structure design allows it to be easily superimposed on existing passive equalization systems to achieve active equalization, with strong scalability. This design is not only suitable for active equalization of unit cells in power battery packs and energy storage battery packs, but can also be widely applied to other occasions that require such technical solutions, demonstrating high versatility and adaptability.

[0069] The aforementioned flyback transformer-based dual-cycle active balancing circuit comprises an AFE (Active Factor Equalization) acquisition unit 10, a main control balancing module 20, an isolation communication unit 30, and a control unit 40. The AFE acquisition unit 10 accurately measures the voltage of each battery cell 50 and transmits the data in real-time to the control unit 40 via the isolation communication unit 30. The control unit 40 analyzes these voltage values ​​to determine which battery cells 50 require balancing and generates corresponding identification information, which is then fed back to the AFE acquisition unit 10. The AFE acquisition unit 10 then transmits the received identification information to the active balancing module, initiating the balancing process. This active balancing module utilizes the flyback transformer to achieve efficient internal and external balancing operations, enabling simultaneous and rapid balancing of multiple battery cells, significantly improving balancing speed and efficiency. Furthermore, due to its compact design, this balancing circuit effectively reduces physical space requirements, making it highly suitable for use in large-capacity battery packs to address internal imbalances.

[0070] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer, characterized in that, include: The system comprises an AFE acquisition unit, a main control equalization module, an isolation communication unit, and a control unit. The AFE acquisition unit is used to acquire the voltage of individual battery cells and transmit it to the control unit via the isolation communication unit. It also receives identification information from the control unit and transmits it to the active equalization module. The control unit is used to determine which battery cells need equalization based on the individual battery cell voltage, mark them, generate identification information, and transmit it to the AFE acquisition unit. The active balancing module is used to perform internal and external circulation battery balancing on the individual battery cells within the identification information.

2. The dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power control unit, which is connected to the active balancing module, the control unit and the external power supply.

3. The dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power control unit is connected to the battery cell.

4. The dual-cycle active balancing circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a communication unit, which is connected to the active equalization module and the AFE acquisition unit respectively.

5. The dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control equalization module includes a flyback transformer.

6. The dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flyback transformer includes multiple secondary windings, each secondary winding corresponding to one or more of the battery cells.

7. The dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolated communication unit includes an isolation circuit and a communication module. The isolation circuit is connected to the communication module and the AFE acquisition unit. The communication module is connected to the control unit.

8. The dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The isolation circuit includes a diode and a capacitor, the diode is connected to the capacitor, and one end of the diode is connected to the AFE acquisition unit.

9. The dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The AFE acquisition unit includes a filtering circuit for filtering the voltage of individual battery cells.

10. A dual-cycle active equalization circuit based on a flyback transformer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The AFE acquisition unit, main control equalization module, isolation communication unit, and control unit are arranged in an array on the circuit board.

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