Efficient heat dissipation laser machining head

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses an efficient heat dissipation laser processing head which comprises a supporting body and a nozzle, a first laser channel and a second laser channel which are used for a laser beam and auxiliary gas to pass through are arranged in the nozzle and the supporting body respectively, the minimum diameter of the first laser channel is larger than the maximum light spot diameter of the laser beam, and the minimum diameter of the second laser channel is larger than the maximum light spot diameter of the laser beam. According to the scheme, the large-size anti-slag-returning design is adopted, the diameter of a laser channel and the heat dissipation face of the annular protruding edge are increased, the influence of laser heat energy on the nozzle can be effectively reduced, cutting slag is prevented from being attached to the surface of the nozzle, and the risk that the temperature of the nozzle rises is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to laser processing technical field especially relates to a high -efficient heat dissipation's laser processing head. BACKGROUND

[0002] In laser cutting application, the nozzle part of laser processing head is easy to be contaminated by back slag, which leads to poor heat dissipation and easy burnout, and the laser processing head cannot work normally, and more seriously, if back slag breaks through the protection mirror, it will cause the whole laser processing optical system to be paralyzed under the impact, and the maintenance cost is very high. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a high -efficient heat dissipation's laser processing head, which aims at solving the problem of the nozzle part of the existing laser processing head being easy to be contaminated by back slag and poor heat dissipation.

[0004] The utility model provides a high -efficient heat dissipation's laser processing head, the laser processing head includes support body and nozzle, the nozzle with support body in respectively be equipped with for the first laser channel and second laser channel for laser beam and auxiliary gas pass, the minimum diameter of first laser channel is greater than the maximum facula diameter of laser beam passes, the support body forms the air -blowing hole to the nozzle one end, the outer wall of nozzle forms the annular convex edge for heat dissipation, the air -blowing hole is used for blowing air heat dissipation to the annular convex edge, the outer wall of nozzle is provided with anti -sticky heat -resistant coating.

[0005] In one embodiment, the nozzle is detachably connected to the support body, the first laser channel and the second laser channel are coaxially arranged, and at least part of the first laser channel overlaps the second laser channel.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first laser channel is provided with a converging section and a diverging section in sequence from the light emitting direction, the inner diameter size of the junction of the converging section and the diverging section is D, the extension length of the converging section is L0, 3D < L0 < 4D, and the extension length of the diverging section is L1, 2D < L1 < 3D.

[0007] In one embodiment, the nozzle includes a fastening part and a body part in communication, the diverging end is located in the body part, at least part of the converging section is located in the fastening part, the surface of the fastening part is provided with a fastening structure, and the nozzle is fastened and matched between the fastening structure and the channel wall of the second laser channel.

[0008] In one embodiment, the nozzle further includes an extension part in communication with the fastening part, the extension part extends into the support body, and the air flow disturbance when the air flow enters the first channel is reduced.

[0009] In one embodiment, the nozzle is a split design, the fastening part and the body part are connected by magnetic adsorption or elastic sleeve tightening, so that the body part can be automatically separated when it encounters collision.

[0010] In one embodiment, the annular protrusion is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the body part, and a heat dissipation surface is formed on the side of the annular protrusion facing the support body, and the air blowing hole is used to blow air to the heat dissipation surface.

[0011] In one embodiment, the anti-sticking heat-resistant coating is a Teflon coating or an aluminum oxide coating.

[0012] In one embodiment, the diameter of the annular protrusion is greater than 25mm, the axial height of the nozzle is greater than 20mm, and the distance from the nozzle to the surface of the workpiece to be processed is greater than 5mm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the support body is a ceramic ring, and the second laser channel is formed in the ceramic ring, and a threaded structure for threaded connection with the first channel is formed on the channel wall of the second laser channel.

[0014] The embodiments of the utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The laser processing head of the utility model adopts a large-size anti-back slag design, increases the diameter of the laser channel and the heat dissipation surface of the annular protrusion, and increases the size of the nozzle, so that even when the focal point is changed in the position inside the nozzle, the lower light diffusion will not hit the nozzle wall, which can effectively reduce the influence of laser heat energy on the nozzle and thus reduce the temperature. At the same time, the anti-sticking heat-resistant coating on the outside of the nozzle can prevent cutting slag from adhering to the surface of the nozzle and reduce the risk of temperature rise of the nozzle.

[0016] In addition, the laser channel in the processing head for providing the laser beam and the auxiliary gas passing through is specially designed. Since the inner diameter of the stable section gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end, the inner diameter of the converging section gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the variable diameter of the inner diameter in the stable section is smaller than that in the converging section, the gas flow in the stable section is rectified in the stable section, the turbulence degree of the gas flow at the inlet end is reduced, and the gas flow is accelerated in the converging section, the gas flow speed is increased, the inner diameter of the diverging section gradually increases from the inlet end to the outlet end, the gas flow releases pressure and converts into kinetic energy in the diverging section, the gas flow pressure at the outlet end is balanced with the external static pressure, the maximum kinetic energy of the auxiliary gas flow is utilized, the energy consumption factor of shock wave is reduced, and the kinetic energy of the auxiliary gas flow sprayed at the outlet end is sufficient. Even if the distance between the nozzle and the plate is raised, the back slag dirt splashed to the outlet end can still be blown out, and the problem of easy contamination of the existing laser processing head by back slag dirt is solved.

[0017] Moreover, since the flow energy of the auxiliary gas sprayed at the outlet end is sufficient, the distance between the nozzle and the plate can be controlled to be farther during the laser processing, so that more splashes are reduced, the influence of the back blue light on the servo stability of the laser processing system is reduced, the probability of the nozzle colliding with the plate is reduced, and the stability of the laser processing is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Among them:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the laser processing head in an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle in the laser processing head in an embodiment.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle in the laser processing head in another embodiment.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle in the laser processing head in another embodiment.

[0024] Reference signs: 100, support body; 110, air blowing hole; 120, cooling cavity; 140, first support structure; 141, cavity; 150, second support structure; 160, mounting ring;

[0025] 200, nozzle; 210, extension; 220, fastening part; 230, body part; 231, annular convex edge; 232, heat dissipation surface; 240, anti-sticking heat-resistant coating;

[0026] 300, first laser channel; 310, inlet end; 320, outlet end; 330, stable section; 340, converging section; 350, diverging section; 360, transition section; 361, first part; 362, second part;

[0027] 400, second laser channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Clearly, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0030] In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor within the scope of protection required by the present application.

[0031] The embodiments of the present application disclose a laser processing head, which can perform laser cutting, laser welding and other laser processing processes on workpieces. Please refer to Figures 1 to 4The laser processing head of one embodiment comprises a support body 100 and a nozzle 200 which is detachably connected to the support body 100, and the support body 100 and the nozzle 200 are respectively provided with a second laser channel 400 and a first laser channel 300 for passing a laser beam and an auxiliary gas, wherein the first laser channel 300 comprises oppositely arranged inlet and outlet ends 310 and 320, and a stable section 330, a converging section 340 and a diverging section 350 which are sequentially connected in the light emission direction from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320, the inner diameter of the stable section 330 gradually decreases in the direction from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320, the inner diameter of the converging section 340 gradually decreases in the direction from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320, the variable diameter range of the inner diameter in the stable section 330 is smaller than that in the converging section 340, and the inner diameter of the diverging section 350 gradually increases in the direction from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320. In this embodiment, the variable diameter range refers to the extent or range in which the channel diameter of the first laser channel 300 changes from one size to another. Wherein, the inner diameter size at the joint of the converging section and the diverging section is D, the extension length of the converging section is L0, and then 3D < L0 < 4D, the extension length of the diverging section is L1, and then 2D < L1 < 3D.

[0032] It can be understood that, in the stable section 330, the gas flow of the auxiliary gas is rectified in the stable section 330, the turbulence and turbulence degree of the gas flow at the inlet end 310 are reduced, the gas flow is accelerated in the converging section 340, the gas flow releases pressure to convert into kinetic energy in the diverging section 350, the gas flow pressure at the outlet end 320 reaches balance with the external static pressure, the maximum kinetic energy of the gas flow of the auxiliary gas is exerted, the shock wave energy consumption factor is reduced, and the kinetic energy of the gas flow of the auxiliary gas sprayed at the outlet end 320 is sufficient, so that the back slag dirt splashed to the outlet end 320 can be blown out, and the problem that the protective mirror in the existing laser processing head is easily contaminated by the back slag dirt is solved.

[0033] At the same time, since the kinetic energy of the gas flow of the auxiliary gas sprayed at the outlet end 320 is sufficient, the distance between the nozzle 200 and the plate during the laser processing can be controlled to be farther, on the one hand, the servo stability of the laser processing system affected by the back blue light can be reduced, and on the other hand, the probability of the nozzle 200 colliding with the plate can be reduced, thereby ensuring the stability of the laser processing.

[0034] In this embodiment, please refer to 1 to Figure 4 When the nozzle 200 is detachably connected to the support body 100, the first laser channel 200 and the second laser channel 400 are coaxially arranged, and at least part of the first laser channel 200 overlaps the second laser channel 400.

[0035] In an embodiment, the nozzle 200 comprises an extension 210, a fastening portion 220 and a body portion 230 arranged in sequence from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320. The fastening portion 220 is a fastening structure arranged on the upper end surface of the body portion 230 or the lower end surface of the extension 210, which can be any fastening connection device such as a thread, a buckle, etc. When the extension is inserted into the second laser channel 400, the fastening portion 220 cooperates with the fastening structure on the channel wall of the second laser channel 400 to achieve detachable connection. Compared with the prior art, the fastening portion 220 extends longer at the upper end, so that when the gas flow enters the first laser channel 300 at the inlet end 310, it first passes through the part of the first laser channel 300 corresponding to the extension, and then passes through the part of the first laser channel 300 corresponding to the fastening portion 220. Since the inlet end 310 is arranged at the extension rather than the fastening portion 220, the inlet end 310 is kept away from the connection structure arranged on the second channel 400 corresponding to the fastening portion 220, so that the gas flow disturbance when the gas flow enters the inlet end 310 can be reduced, the gas flow state in the first laser channel 300 is optimized, and the stability of the gas flow sprayed at the outlet end 320 is increased, so as to blow out the reverse slag dirt splashed towards the outlet end 320.

[0036] Further, in the present embodiment, the support body 100 is a ceramic ring, and the second laser channel 400 is formed in the ceramic ring, and the channel wall of the second laser channel 400 is provided with a thread structure for thread connection with the fastening portion 220.

[0037] It can be understood that the ceramic ring has a deeper thread depth and unnecessary structures such as a deeper tool withdrawal groove when the thread is made, and such structures cause severe disturbance of the gas flow when passing through these positions. Since the inlet end 310 is arranged at the extension rather than the thread structure, the inlet end 310 is kept away from the connection structure such as the thread corresponding to the fastening portion 220, so that the gas flow disturbance when the gas flow enters the inlet end 310 can be reduced, the gas flow state in the first laser channel 300 is optimized, and the stability of the gas flow sprayed at the outlet end 320 is increased, so as to blow out the reverse slag dirt splashed towards the outlet end 320.

[0038] In an embodiment, please refer to 1 to Figure 4 The nozzle size is larger than the existing design, and since the gas flow sprayed at the outlet end 320 has sufficient kinetic energy, the distance between the nozzle 200 and the plate material can be controlled to be farther during the laser processing, so as to change the position of the laser beam focus inside the nozzle 200, and the laser can be focused at the throat position of the first laser channel 300 or the transition section 360 position. The large-size nozzle makes the lower light diffusion not hit the outer wall of the nozzle 200, which can effectively reduce the power of the laser received by the nozzle 200, thereby avoiding the temperature of the nozzle 200 being too high.

[0039] In the embodiment, the first laser channel 300 further comprises a transition section 360 connecting the converging section 340 and the diverging section 350, which is used to deliver the airflow rectified by the stabilizing section 330 to the converging section 340. Meanwhile, the transition section 360 can have various implementation forms.

[0040] In an implementation, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the transition section 360 comprises a first part 361 connected with the converging section 340, and a second part 362 connecting the first part 361 and the diverging section 350, the inner diameter of the first part 361 gradually decreases from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320, and the inner diameter of the second part 362 gradually increases from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320. The airflow can be accelerated in the first part 361 to increase the airflow speed, and the pressure is released to convert into kinetic energy in the second part 362, which is used to deliver the accelerated airflow of the converging section 340 to the diverging section 350.

[0041] Further, referring to Figure 2 , the converging section 340, the first part 361, the second part 362 and the diverging section 350 are connected by arcs, so as to ensure the stability of the airflow transmission. Specifically, referring to Figure 3 , the channel wall of the first part 361 and the channel wall of the second part 362 are both conical surfaces, which are simple in processing and low in cost.

[0042] In another implementation, referring to Figure 4 , the inner diameter of the transition section 360 gradually decreases from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320, and the variable diameter of the inner diameter of the transition section 360 is smaller than that of the converging section 340, the airflow can be accelerated in the first part 361 to increase the airflow speed, which is used to deliver the accelerated airflow of the converging section 340 to the diverging section 350. Further, the channel wall of the transition section 360 is a conical surface, which is simple in processing and low in cost.

[0043] Through the specific arrangement of the first laser channel 300 in the embodiment, the airflow characteristics can be optimized, the cutting quality and the machining height can be improved, and the service life and the machining stability of the nozzle 200 can be significantly prolonged.

[0044] In an embodiment, referring to 1 to Figure 4The outer wall of the nozzle 200 is provided with an anti-sticking heat-resistant coating 240, so as to prevent cutting slag from adhering to the outer surface of the nozzle 200, reduce the risk of temperature rise of the nozzle 200, and further, the anti-sticking heat-resistant coating 240 is a Teflon coating or an aluminum oxide coating. The Teflon coating has excellent high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and non-sticking properties.

[0045] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 The body part 230 is arranged outside the second laser channel 400, and the outer peripheral wall of the body part 230 is formed with an annular protrusion 231 for heat dissipation. By blowing air to the annular protrusion 231, the nozzle 200 can be cooled, the durability and cutting efficiency of the nozzle 200 are improved, and the stray light heat effect of the super-high power can be adapted, and the capacitance stability of the servo system is ensured at low temperature.

[0046] Further, referring to Figures 2 to 4 The diameter of the annular protrusion 231 is greater than 25 mm, so as to have better cooling capacity. Specifically, the axial size of the nozzle 200 is greater than 20 mm, so as to ensure that the first laser channel 300 has a sufficient extension length, so as to facilitate the stable section 330, the converging section 340 and the diverging section 350, or the stable section 330, the converging section 340, the transition section 360 and the diverging section 350 are flexibly arranged in the first laser channel 300, for example, the converging section 340 can be configured to have a longer extension length, so as to ensure that the acceleration distance of the airflow in the converging section 340 is sufficient.

[0047] At the same time, the diameter of the first laser channel 300 in the nozzle 200 is relatively large, and the minimum diameter is greater than the maximum spot diameter through which the laser beam passes, so as to adapt to the high-efficiency cutting demand of thick plates. When cutting thick plates, the laser focal point moves downward in the first laser channel 300, and the spot at the nozzle 200 becomes larger. The large size design ensures that even in the case of a large spot, the nozzle 200 will not be damaged.

[0048] In an embodiment, referring to 1 to Figure 4 The support body 100 is formed with a blowing hole 110 near one side of the outlet end 320, and the outer peripheral wall of the body part 230 is formed with an annular protrusion 231 for heat dissipation. The annular protrusion 231 is formed with a heat dissipation surface 232 toward one side of the support body 100, and the blowing hole 110 is used for blowing air to the heat dissipation surface 232 for heat dissipation, so as to reduce the working temperature of the nozzle 200, cool the nozzle 200, and prolong the service life of the nozzle 200.

[0049] Further, in the embodiment, the support body 100 is further provided with a cooling cavity 120 communicated with the blowing hole 110, and a cooling channel communicated with the cooling cavity 120. The cooling cavity 120 is arranged around the axis of the nozzle 200, and the blowing hole 110 is arranged around the axis of the nozzle 200 and communicated with the cooling cavity 120, so as to improve the cooling range of the nozzle 200 and improve the cooling effect of the nozzle 200.

[0050] Specifically, the heat dissipation surface 232 and the support body 100 have a gap on the side close to the outlet end 320, and the blowing hole 110 is used for blowing air to the heat dissipation surface 232, so that the gap is filled with cooling air flow, and the cooling of the nozzle 200 is accelerated. In the embodiment, the blowing hole 110 can be a continuous annular hole, and of course, the blowing hole 110 can also be provided with multiple blowing holes and be distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0051] In an embodiment, referring to FIG. 1, the support body 100 includes a first support structure 140 and a second support structure 150 detachably connected with the first support structure 140, the first support structure 140 is provided with a cavity 141 and a mounting opening communicated with the cavity 141, and the second support structure 150 can be inserted into the cavity 141 through the mounting opening. The laser processing head further includes a mounting ring 160 arranged in the cavity 141 and abutting against a limiting protrusion of the cavity 141, and the second support structure 150 is threadedly connected with the mounting ring 160, so as to detachably connect the second support structure 150 with the first support structure 140. Of course, in other embodiments, the laser processing head can further include a fixing member penetrating through the second support structure 150 and connected with the first support structure 140, so as to mount the second support structure 150 on the first support structure 140.

[0052] In another embodiment, the first laser channel 300 can be further provided with a holding section before the stabilizing section 330, the inner diameter of the holding section remains unchanged from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320, and the airflow of the auxiliary gas is straightened in the holding section, and the turbulence degree of the airflow can also be reduced. Further, the first laser channel 300 can be further provided with an air outlet section after the diverging section 350, and the inner diameter of the air outlet section remains unchanged from the inlet end 310 to the outlet end 320.

[0053] In yet another embodiment, the nozzle 100 can be designed in a split type, and the fastening part 220 and the body part 230 are connected by magnetic adsorption or elastic sleeve tightening, so as to ensure that the body part can automatically separate when colliding.

[0054] The above only discloses the preferred embodiments of the present application, and of course cannot limit the scope of the present application, and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser machining head with high heat dissipation, characterized in that, The laser processing head comprises a support body and a nozzle, the nozzle and the support body are respectively provided with a first laser channel and a second laser channel for passing a laser beam and an auxiliary gas, the minimum diameter of the first laser channel is greater than the maximum spot diameter of the laser beam, the support body is formed with a blowing hole at the end towards the nozzle, the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle is formed with an annular convex edge for heat dissipation, the blowing hole is used for blowing air towards the annular convex edge for heat dissipation, and the outer wall of the nozzle is provided with an anti-sticking heat-resistant coating.

2. The laser machining head of claim 1, wherein, The nozzle is detachably connected to the support body, the first laser channel and the second laser channel are coaxially arranged, and at least part of the first laser channel overlaps the second laser channel.

3. The laser machining head of claim 2, wherein, The first laser channel is provided with a converging section and a diverging section in sequence from the light emitting direction, the inner diameter size of the joint of the converging section and the diverging section is D, the extension length of the converging section is L0, 3D 4. The laser machining head of claim 3, wherein, The nozzle comprises a fastening part and a body part in communication, the diverging section is located in the body part, at least part of the converging section is located in the fastening part, the surface of the fastening part is provided with a fastening structure, and the nozzle is fastened and matched between the fastening structure and the channel wall of the second laser channel.

5. The laser machining head of claim 4, wherein, The nozzle further comprises an extension part in communication with the fastening part, the extension part extends into the inside of the support body, and the air flow disturbance when the air flow enters the first laser channel is reduced.

6. The laser machining head of claim 4, wherein, The nozzle is designed in a split type, the fastening part and the body part are magnetically adsorbed or elastically tightly connected, so as to ensure that the body part can automatically separate when encountering collision.

7. The laser machining head of claim 4, wherein, The annular convex edge is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the body part, the annular convex edge is formed with a heat dissipation surface towards the side of the support body, and the blowing hole is used for blowing air to the heat dissipation surface for heat dissipation.

8. The laser machining head of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The anti-sticking heat-resistant coating is a Teflon coating or an alumina coating.

9. The laser machining head of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The diameter size of the annular convex edge is greater than 25mm, the axial height of the nozzle is greater than 20mm, and the distance from the nozzle to the surface of the workpiece to be processed is greater than 5mm.

10. The laser machining head of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The support body is a ceramic ring, the second laser channel is formed in the ceramic ring, and the threaded structure for threadedly connecting with the first laser channel is formed on the channel wall of the second laser channel.

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