Battery module and battery pack
By using a clamp structure instead of welding or riveting, the problems of battery module frame structure weight and assembly complexity are solved, achieving lightweight and high energy density, and improving the driving range of electric vehicles.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422777818.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-14
AI Technical Summary
In the existing battery module frame structure, the end plates and side plates are relatively heavy, which increases the module weight and reduces energy density. At the same time, the assembly process is cumbersome and costly.
The traditional welding or riveting is replaced by a hoop structure. The hoop is a loop-shaped frame structure that is fitted onto the cell assembly and end plate. The cells and end plates are fixed by compression and fastening. The rounded corner design and protective tube are combined to improve mechanical strength and insulation.
It reduces sheet weight, lowers production costs, increases energy density, simplifies the assembly process, extends service life, and improves the driving range of electric vehicles.
Smart Images
Figure CN223527294U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of automobile, concretely relates to a battery module for vehicle and a battery pack. BACKGROUND
[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, its endurance mileage is continuously improved, which puts forward higher requirements for the energy density of the battery pack. Therefore, the size and form of the battery are continuously changed. For batteries of different sizes and forms, generally, the frame structure of the battery module is composed of end plates, side plates and batteries. The end plates are arranged at the two end faces of the battery pack, and the side plates are arranged at the two side faces of the battery pack. The end plates and the side plates are often fixed together by welding or riveting, thereby forming the basic frame structure of the battery module. Taking a square battery module with double-side pole terminals as an example, the prior art arranges two end plates at the two end faces of the battery pack along the length direction, and arranges two side plates at the top face and the bottom face of the battery pack. The two end plates are attached with an insulating film, and the surface of the insulating film is coated with structural adhesive, so that the end plates can be bonded with the end batteries. The two side plates are attached with an insulating film, and the surface of the insulating film is coated with structural adhesive, so that the side plates can be bonded with the side faces of the battery pack. Finally, the end plates and the side plates are fixed together by welding or riveting, thereby completing the assembly of the frame structure of the battery module.
[0003] However, the above grouping method has some problems. On the one hand, the end plates and the side plates are heavy, which increases the weight of the module and reduces the energy density. On the other hand, the assembly method also needs a welding or riveting step, which is more complicated to operate and also increases the production cost.
[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to improve the frame structure of the battery module to solve the above technical problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0005] The utility model provides the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems.
[0006] The utility model relates to a battery module, comprising:
[0007] The battery core group comprises a plurality of battery cores arranged along the length direction of the battery core group.
[0008] The end plates are arranged at the two ends of the battery core group along the length direction.
[0009] The hoop is a back-shaped frame structure, which is sleeved on the battery core group and the end plates along the width direction of the battery core group to clamp the plurality of battery cores and the end plates.
[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the weight of the plate is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the energy density is improved, and the cruising range of the electric vehicle is improved; on the other hand, the assembling process does not need welding or riveting, the tooling steps are simplified, and in addition, the group forming mode has good strength and can tightly clamp the end plate and the battery cell.
[0011] Optionally, the band is surrounded by four long strip parts connected into one, wherein the connection between adjacent long strip parts is provided with a first round corner, and the end plate is provided with a second round corner corresponding to the first round corner.
[0012] Optionally, the band is surrounded by four long strip parts connected into one, wherein the band comprises a first long strip part and a second long strip part, the first long strip part and the second long strip part are oppositely arranged along the height direction of the battery cell group, the first long strip part is tightly attached to the top surface of the battery cell group, the second long strip part is tightly attached to the bottom surface of the battery cell group, and the outer surfaces of the first long strip part and the second long strip part are sleeved with a protective tube.
[0013] Optionally, the protective tube is a heat-shrinkable sleeve of insulating material.
[0014] Optionally, the end plate comprises an abutting surface abutting with the battery cell group along the length direction, and the abutting surface is provided with a weight-reducing groove.
[0015] Optionally, the end plate further comprises:
[0016] an outer surface oppositely arranged with the abutting surface along the length direction;
[0017] a connecting part arranged on the outer surface and located at the end of the outer surface along the width direction, the connecting part is arranged with limiting blocks oppositely arranged along the width direction, and the band is located between the limiting blocks.
[0018] Optionally, the outer surface is provided with a positioning hole, a plurality of battery modules are abutted along the length direction through the outer surface and positioned through the positioning hole, and / or the outer surface is provided with a lifting hole, the battery modules are carried or lifted through the lifting hole, and / or the end plate further comprises a top surface provided with a bolt mounting hole for fixing the battery modules and a battery pack box.
[0019] Optionally, the outer surface is provided with a reinforcing rib plate for increasing the strength of the end plate.
[0020] Optionally, the connecting part protrudes along the length direction relative to the outer surface.
[0021] Optionally, the battery cell is a square battery cell with double-sided pole columns, and / or the band is a metal band.
[0022] The utility model discloses still a kind of battery pack, which contains the battery module in any of the above embodiments.
[0023] The battery pack is light in weight and high in energy density, thereby improving the cruising range of the electric vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 2 Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell group according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Figure 3 Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a hoop according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0027] Figure 4 Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a first circular corner according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a second circular corner according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Figure 5 Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an end plate according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1
[0029] Figure 6 Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a first circular corner according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a second circular corner according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0030] Figure 7 Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an end plate according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2
[0031] Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 (Symbol Description)
[0032] 1-battery module, 2-battery cell group, 3-battery cell, 4-end plate, 4.1-butting surface, 4.2-outer connecting surface, 4.3-top surface, 5-hoop, 5.1-first long strip part, 5.2-second long strip part, 6-first circular corner, 7-second circular corner, 8-protection tube, 9-weight-reducing groove, 10-connection part, 11-limiting block, 12-positioning hole, 13-lifting hole, 14-bolt mounting hole, 15-strengthening rib plate, 16-insulating sheet, 17-heat insulation pad, X-length direction, Y-width direction, Z-height direction.
[0033] DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The following describes the embodiments of the present application with specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the disclosure. Although the description of the present application is introduced in combination with the preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the present application are limited to the embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the present application in combination with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that can be extended based on the claims of the present application. In order to provide a deep understanding of the present application, many specific details will be included in the following description. The present application can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscure the focus of the present application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0035] The terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for differentiation in description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0036] It should be noted that in the present specification, similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.
[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.
[0038] As shown in Figures 1-2 The present application provides a battery module 1, comprising:
[0039] A cell group 2 comprising a plurality of cells 3, the plurality of cells 3 being arranged along a length direction (for example, the X direction in the figure) of the cell group 2; Figures 1-2
[0040] End plates 4 arranged at both ends of the cell group 2 along the length direction X;
[0041] A hoop 5 in a hairpin frame structure, which is sleeved on the cell group 2 and the end plates 4 along a width direction Y of the cell group 2 to clamp the plurality of cells 3 and the end plates 4.
[0042] Specifically, during assembly, only pressure is applied to the end plates 4, and then the hoop 5 of the hairpin frame structure is sleeved on the cell group 2 and the end plates 4 along the width direction Y of the cell group 2, and then the external force is removed. After the external force is removed, the extrusion force generated by the stacking causes the hoop 5 to be inflated, so that the hoop 5 can fasten the cell group 2 and the end plates 4. In addition, after clamping, the friction force generated between the hoop 5 and the cell group 2 and the end plates 4 helps to prevent the hoop 5 from loosening during use, thereby avoiding the relative displacement of the cells 3 during stacking.
[0043] Compared with the assembling structure and the assembling method provided by the prior art, the above-mentioned assembling structure and the assembling method provided by the utility model reduce the weight of the plate, reduce the production cost, improve the energy density, and further improve the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle. On the other hand, the assembling process does not need welding or riveting, and the tooling steps are simplified.
[0044] Further, as shown in Figures 3-6 The hoop 5 is surrounded by four long strip parts connected into one body, and the connecting part between the adjacent long strip parts is provided with a first round corner 6, and the end plate 4 is provided with a second round corner 7 corresponding to the first round corner 6. The round corner can reduce the friction and resistance during assembly. By arranging the first round corner 6 at the connecting part between the adjacent long strip parts, and arranging the second round corner 7 corresponding to the first round corner 6 on the end plate 4, the hoop 5 can be conveniently sleeved on the battery cell group 2 and the end plate 4 along the width direction Y of the battery cell group 2, so that the assembling process is more smooth, and the assembling efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the round corner can disperse stress and avoid stress concentration at the connecting part, so that the first round corner 6 and the second round corner 7 can also improve the mechanical strength of the hoop 5 and the battery cell group 2, and prolong the service life.
[0045] Further, as shown in Figures 3-4 The hoop 5 is surrounded by four long strip parts connected into one body, and the hoop 5 includes a first long strip part 5.1 and a second long strip part 5.2, the first long strip part 5.1 and the second long strip part 5.2 are oppositely arranged along the height direction (for example Figure 4 Z direction in the X direction, Y direction and Z direction are perpendicular to each other) of the battery cell group 2, the first long strip part 5.1 is closely attached to the top surface of the battery cell group 2, the second long strip part 5.2 is closely attached to the bottom surface of the battery cell group 2, and the outer surfaces of the first long strip part 5.1 and the second long strip part 5.2 are sleeved with a protective tube 8. In order to protect the battery cell, the battery cell 3 is often provided with a blue film (insulating film). However, the material of the blue film is relatively soft and easy to be damaged. The strength of the hoop 5 is relatively high, and once damaged, the hoop 5 may be in direct contact with the aluminum shell coated outside the battery cell 2, thereby causing insulation failure and the risk of short circuit. Based on this, the protective tube 8 is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the first long strip part 5.1 and the second long strip part 5.2. On the one hand, the protective tube is usually made of soft insulating material, which can absorb external impact and vibration, reduce the friction between the hoop 5 and the shell, and avoid damage to the blue film caused by friction. On the other hand, even if the blue film is damaged, the hoop 5 will not be in direct contact with the shell coated outside the battery cell 3. In particular, the protective tube 8 is a heat-shrinkable sleeve made of insulating material. The heat-shrinkable sleeve has good insulation and protection effect, can effectively protect the battery cell, and prolong the service life of the battery cell. Specifically, only the outer surfaces of the first long strip part 5.1 and the second long strip part 5.2 are sleeved with the protective tube 8, and the remaining long strip parts do not need to be sleeved with the protective tube 8.
[0046] Further, with reference to Figure 7 and 8 and in combination Figure 1 , the end plate 4 comprises an abutting surface 4.1 abutting the cell group 2 along the length direction X, and the abutting surface 4.1 is provided with a weight-reducing groove 9. Thus, the weight of the end plate can be reduced, and the energy density can be improved. In particular, the weight-reducing groove is designed at the position shown in Figure 7 , which not only reduces the weight, but also enhances the structural strength of the end plate 4. Specifically, the abutting surface 4.1 is provided with an insulating sheet 16, which is a plastic part and has insulating and flame-retardant properties. The insulating sheet 16 is double-sidedly glued, one side is bonded to the abutting surface 4.1, and the other side is bonded to the surface of the end cell 3. In addition, a heat insulation pad 17 is arranged between the cells 3. Thus, when the cells 3 are in thermal runaway, the heat insulation pad 17 can prevent the heat from rapidly spreading to other cells 3, thereby limiting the spread of thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery system. In particular, the main component of the heat insulation pad 17 is aerogel, which is bonded between adjacent cells 3 by double-sided gluing.
[0047] Further, as shown in Figure 5 , the end plate 4 further comprises:
[0048] an outer abutting surface 4.2, which is arranged opposite to the abutting surface 4.1 along the length direction X;
[0049] a connecting portion 10, which is arranged on the outer abutting surface 4.2 and located at the end of the outer abutting surface 4.2 along the width direction Y, and abuts the band 5. The connecting portion 10 is provided with limiting blocks 11 arranged opposite along the width direction Y, and the band 5 is located between the limiting blocks 11. Thus, the band 5 can be prevented from moving along the width direction Y, and the band 5 can be ensured to always remain between the two limiting blocks 11, so that the band 5 can tightly wrap the cells 3 and the end plate 4, and prevent the cells 3 and the end plate 4 from moving relatively. Specifically, the connecting portion 10 is provided with a second round corner 7. Thus, the band 5 can be more smoothly sleeved on the end plate 4 and the cell group 2 along the round corner and located between the two limiting blocks 11. This assembly method is easy to operate, and the tightening effect is good. Once the assembly is completed, the cells 3, the end plate 4 and the band 5 are not easy to move relatively.
[0050] Further, as shown in Figure 5 , the outer abutting surface 4.2 is provided with positioning holes 12, and a plurality of battery modules 1 are abutted along the length direction X through the outer abutting surface 4.2 and positioned through the positioning holes 12. Thus, the module can be stacked, so that the battery pack can be quickly assembled. Specifically, in the operation process, the tapered structure on the stacking tool structure can be inserted into the positioning holes 12 in different battery modules, and then pressure is applied to the end plate 4, so that the battery modules 1 can be smoothly pushed during the stacking process, and deviation can be prevented, so that the assembly of the battery pack can be quickly completed.
[0051] Further, as shown in Figure 5 The outer surface 4.2 is provided with a lifting hole 13, through which the battery module 1 can be carried or lifted.
[0052] Further, as shown in Figure 5 The end plate 4 further comprises a top surface 4.3, which is provided with a bolt mounting hole 14, through which the battery module 1 can be fixed with the battery pack box. Thus, the structural stability of the entire battery system can be enhanced, and the overall structure of the battery module 1 can be protected.
[0053] Further, as shown in Figure 5 The outer surface 4.2 is provided with a reinforcing rib plate 15, which is used to increase the strength of the end plate 4. The reinforcing rib plate 15 can function as a reinforcing rib, which can effectively disperse the stress applied to the structure, prevent stress concentration, and thus avoid damage caused by excessive stress, thereby better protecting the battery module 1. Specifically, the reinforcing rib plate 15 structure shown in Figure 5 Thus, the weight of the end plate 4 can be reduced while the strength of the end plate 4 is increased.
[0054] Further, as shown in Figure 5 And Figure 6 The connecting portion 10 protrudes along the length direction X relative to the outer surface 4.2. Thus, the operator can easily wrap the end plate 4 and the battery cell group 2 in the width direction Y of the battery cell group 2 to tighten the plurality of battery cells 3 and the end plate 4. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 And Figure 5 Each end plate 4 is provided with two connecting portions 10 on the outer surface 4.2, so that there are four connecting portions 10 in the battery module 1, and two straps 5. During assembly, each strap 5 is wrapped around two connecting portions 10, specifically between the limiting blocks 11, thereby achieving the tightening of the end plate 4 and the plurality of battery cells 3.
[0055] Further, as shown in Figure 1 The battery cell 3 is a square battery cell with double-sided positive and negative poles. The frame structure provided by the present application is particularly suitable for square battery cells with double-sided positive and negative poles. The poles of the battery cell are conductive bodies, and if a metal fixing part is provided near them, there is a risk of short circuit between the metal part and the poles. The assembly structure and method provided by the present application does not contact the poles on the battery cell, so the above risk can be effectively avoided.
[0056] Further, the strap 5 is a metal strap, which has good strength and can better tighten the end plate 4 and the battery cell 5. Specifically, a high-strength 65Mn steel or a heat-treated stainless steel strap can be used.
[0057] The utility model discloses a battery pack, it contains the battery module in any one of above-mentioned embodiment.
[0058] The battery pack is light in weight, high in energy density, and improves the cruising range of the electric vehicle.
[0059] Although the utility model has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above is a further detailed description of the utility model in combination with specific embodiments, and the specific implementation of the utility model cannot be limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and details, including making a number of simple inferences or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A battery module, characterized by, The battery module comprises: a cell group comprising a plurality of cells arranged along a length direction of the cell group; end plates arranged at both ends of the cell group along the length direction; a hoop in a shape of a back-shaped frame structure, which is sleeved on the cell group and the end plates along a width direction of the cell group to hoop the plurality of cells and the end plates.
2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The hoop is surrounded by four long strip parts connected as a whole, wherein a first round corner is arranged at a connection between adjacent long strip parts, and the end plate is provided with a second round corner corresponding to the first round corner.
3. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The hoop is surrounded by four long strip parts connected as a whole, wherein the hoop comprises a first long strip part and a second long strip part, the first long strip part and the second long strip part are oppositely arranged along a height direction of the cell group, the first long strip part is closely attached to a top surface of the cell group, the second long strip part is closely attached to a bottom surface of the cell group, and an outer surface of the first long strip part and the second long strip part is sleeved with a protective tube.
4. The battery module of claim 3, wherein, The protective tube is a heat-shrinkable sleeve made of insulating material.
5. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The end plate comprises a butt joint surface butting against the cell group along the length direction, and the butt joint surface is provided with a weight-reducing groove.
6. The battery module of claim 5, wherein, The end plate further comprises: an external surface arranged opposite to the butt joint surface along the length direction; a connecting part arranged on the external surface and located at an end of the external surface along the width direction, the connecting part butts against the hoop, and the connecting part is provided with limiting blocks oppositely arranged along the width direction, and the hoop is located between the limiting blocks.
7. The battery module of claim 6, wherein, The external surface is provided with positioning holes, a plurality of battery modules are butted along the length direction through the external surface and positioned through the positioning holes, and / or the external surface is provided with lifting holes, the battery modules are carried or lifted through the lifting holes, and / or the end plate further comprises a top surface provided with bolt mounting holes, the bolt mounting holes are used to fix the battery modules and a battery pack box.
8. The battery module of claim 6, wherein, The external surface is provided with reinforcing rib plates used to increase the strength of the end plate.
9. The battery module of claim 6, wherein, The connecting part protrudes along the length direction relative to the external surface.
10. The battery module of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The cell is a square cell with double-sided pole columns, and / or the hoop is a metal hoop.
11. A battery pack, characterized by, The battery module comprises the battery module according to any one of claims 1-10. The battery module comprises the battery module according to any one of claims 1-10.