Lakeside zone ecological restoration regulation sponge system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lakeside ecological restoration regulation and control sponge system, which relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and comprises a residential area, a greenway and an ecological area which are sequentially arranged on the ground, and sponge greenbelts are respectively arranged between the residential area and the greenway and between the greenway and the ecological area; the sponge greenbelt comprises a bioretention facility lower-layer structure and a bioretention facility upper-layer structure which are arranged underground. Tall trees are planted between the residential area and the greenway at intervals; low shrubs are arranged between the ecological area and the greenway at intervals; a village and an ecological area are separated through sponge greenbelts on the two sides of a slow greenway, surface runoff of the village and a road surface enters the sponge greenbelts to be collected and purified, and water balance is carried out through infiltration and evaporation; sparse arbors and low shrubs are planted and combined with shaping of microtopography, transparent scenery lines are made, lakeside wind and light are appreciated, and the problem that human activities disturb the ecological structure and function of the lakeside zone is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically to a sponge system for ecological restoration and regulation of lakeside areas. Background Technology

[0002] The concept of the lakeside zone was first proposed by Eggletton in 1931, but at that time, there was no clear explanation of its definition, structure, and function. In the past, research on lake water environment focused on the center of the lake while neglecting the lakeside zone. It was not until the 1990s that the importance of the lakeside zone was recognized, and attention gradually turned to the ecological management of the lakeside zone.

[0003] The lacustrine zone is a type of water-terrestrial ecotone, serving as a transitional zone between lakes and land. It can be divided into the water-oriented zone, shoreline zone, and terrestrial zone. Compared to open water areas, the lacustrine zone exhibits a distinct hydrological and topographical gradient, heterogeneous habitats, abundant species, and high productivity. The functions of the lacustrine zone primarily include: buffer zone function, biodiversity and habitat protection function, bank protection function, and economic and aesthetic value. It improves the ecological condition of lakes, reduces nitrogen and phosphorus loads in the water, promotes sediment deposition, and absorbs and adsorbs various organic, inorganic, and heavy metal pollutants from the water. The lacustrine zone plays a vital role in the lake basin ecosystem and possesses high ecological, social, and economic value.

[0004] With the increasing direct interference from human activities and rapid changes in the external climate, the disappearance of lake shorelines and landform destruction, loss of natural water level systems, eutrophication, heavy metal and organic pollutants, and decline in biodiversity have directly affected the sustainable development of the lake basin's ecology, economy, and society.

[0005] Utility model patent CN210140478U discloses a lakeside zone for intercepting and purifying non-point source pollution. Along the lake area, a first terrace, a first depression, a second terrace, a second depression, a third terrace, and a third depression are sequentially arranged outwards. A diversion pipe is buried at the bottom of the third terrace. The cross-sections of the three terraces are trapezoidal, with the elevation increasing progressively. The cross-sections of the first and second depressions are inverted trapezoids, while the cross-section of the third depression is concave, with the elevation increasing progressively. The first terrace is planted with flood-tolerant emergent plants to form a vegetation buffer zone, while the second and third terraces are planted with drought-tolerant emergent plants. Floating plants are planted in the first depression, flood-tolerant emergent plants in the second depression, and turf in the third depression. By modifying the lakeside topography and constructing it into a multi-tiered terrace and depression system, the residence time of non-point source pollution in the lakeside zone can be effectively increased. This invention aims to prevent non-point source pollution from directly entering the lake and create favorable conditions for the absorption and purification by aquatic plants in the lakeside zone. By planting different ecological types of aquatic plants on different terraces and depressions, non-point source pollution is intercepted layer by layer and continuously purified by aquatic plants, effectively controlling non-point source pollution, reducing pollutants entering the lake, and preventing the lake area from evolving into a turbid algal ecosystem or experiencing rampant aquatic plant growth due to eutrophication. By utilizing the absorption function of aquatic plants in the lakeside zone to transform pollutants into organic matter, the manual harvesting and dredging work is more convenient, controllable, and efficient than controlling pollutants by using submerged plants in the lake area. In this patent, non-point source pollution can be intercepted and purified in the lakeside zone. However, with the increase in the intensity of human activities, the lakeside zone has shown a diversified functional situation, with production and living functions taking the lead. Farmland and residential housing are widely distributed, and the ecological structure and function of the lakeside zone have been greatly disturbed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a sponge system for ecological restoration and regulation of lakeside areas, which can be used to solve the problem of human activities disturbing the ecological structure and function of lakeside areas.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system, comprising a residential area, a greenway, and an ecological zone arranged sequentially on the ground; sponge green spaces are provided between the residential area and the greenway, and between the greenway and the ecological zone; each sponge green space includes a lower structure of bioretention facilities located below ground level and an upper structure of bioretention facilities located above the lower structure; the plane of the upper structure of bioretention facilities is lower than the ground level; tall trees are planted intermittently between the residential area and the greenway; and low shrubs are planted intermittently between the ecological zone and the greenway.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the lower structure of the bioretention facility includes an isolation layer, a gravel drainage layer, and a perforated drainage pipe arranged from top to bottom; the gravel pore size in the gravel drainage layer is larger than the opening diameter of the perforated drainage pipe.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the upper structure of the bioretention facility includes a vegetation layer and a soil replacement layer arranged from top to bottom; the vegetation layer includes plants and topsoil; the soil replacement layer includes a biological medium arranged below the topsoil and on the isolation layer.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, grass ditches are excavated on both sides of the greenway; the vegetation layer, the soil replacement layer, the isolation layer, the gravel drainage layer, and the perforated drainage pipe are laid in the grass ditch in sequence from top to bottom.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the ecological zone is a lakeside; the greenway is paved with permeable bricks and includes a road, a cycling path and a walking path.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the ecological zone is an artificial wetland; a dense forest restoration zone is also provided between the greenway and the residential area, and permeable bricks are laid on the greenway; a sponge green space is provided between the dense forest restoration zone and the residential area.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are reflected in:

[0014] By using sponge green spaces on both sides of the pedestrian greenway, villages are separated from ecological zones. Surface runoff from villages and roads is collected and purified in the sponge green spaces, and water balance is achieved through infiltration and evaporation. By planting sparse trees and low shrubs and combining them with the shaping of micro-topography, the view lines are opened up to appreciate the lakeside scenery, thus solving the problem of human activities disturbing the ecological structure and function of the lakeside zone. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is another overall structural schematic diagram of a sponge system for ecological restoration and regulation of lakeside areas according to this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a sponge green space structure for a lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system according to this utility model;

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0019] 1. Residential area; 2. Greenway; 3. Ecological zone; 4. Sponge green space; 5. Substructure of bioretention facility; 501. Isolation layer; 502. Gravel drainage layer; 503. Perforated drainage pipe; 6. Superstructure of bioretention facility; 601. Vegetation layer; 602. Soil replacement layer; 7. Tall trees; 8. Low shrubs; 9. Grass swales; 10. Terraces; 11. Lakeside; 12. Permeable bricks; 13. Driveway; 14. Cycling path; 15. Pedestrian path; 16. Subbase layer; 17. Artificial wetland; 18. Dense forest restoration area. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0021] See the example. Figure 1 This utility model discloses a lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system, comprising a residential area 1, a greenway 2, and an ecological zone 3 arranged sequentially on the ground. Sponge green spaces 4 are provided between the residential area 1 and the greenway 2, and between the greenway 2 and the ecological zone 3. The sponge green space 4 includes a lower structure 5 of bioretention facilities set below the ground and an upper structure 6 of bioretention facilities set above the lower structure 5. The plane of the upper structure 6 of bioretention facilities is lower than the ground plane. Tall trees 7 are planted at intervals between the residential area 1 and the greenway 2. Low shrubs 8 are planted at intervals between the ecological zone 3 and the greenway 2.

[0022] Further, see Figure 3 The lower structure 5 of the bioretention facility includes an isolation layer 501, a gravel drainage layer 502, and a perforated drainage pipe 503 arranged from top to bottom. The gravel pores in the gravel drainage layer 502 are larger than the opening pores of the perforated drainage pipe 503.

[0023] Preferably, the isolation layer 501 is made of permeable geotextile or sand, and the sand layer is made of fine sand and coarse sand with a thickness of not less than 100mm.

[0024] Preferably, the thickness of the gravel drainage layer 502 is 250mm-300mm.

[0025] Preferably, the diameter of the perforated drainage pipe 503 is 100mm-150mm, and the gravel should be washed clean.

[0026] Further, see Figure 3The upper structure 6 of the bioretention facility includes a vegetation layer 601 and a soil replacement layer 602 arranged from top to bottom. The vegetation layer 601 includes plants and topsoil, and the soil replacement layer 602 includes biological media arranged below the topsoil and on the isolation layer 501.

[0027] Preferably, coconut coir can be used as the biological medium.

[0028] Further, see Figure 3 On both sides of Greenway 2, grass swales 9 are dug, and vegetation layer 601, soil replacement layer 602, isolation layer 501, gravel drainage layer 502, and perforated drainage pipe 503 are laid in the grass swales 9 from top to bottom.

[0029] Preferably, the thickness of the topsoil is not less than 30cm; the edge of the grass ditch 9 is provided with a sill 10; the sill 10 is 7cm-15cm high, and one is provided every 4m to 6m or two are provided in each shallow ditch.

[0030] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the grassed swale 9 is set as parabolic, triangular or trapezoidal.

[0031] In the above setup, the surface runoff from villages and roads is collected and purified through the upper layer of the bioretention facilities on both sides of Greenway 2, and the water volume is balanced through infiltration and evaporation.

[0032] Further, see Figure 1 Ecological Zone 3 is the lakeside 11, and Greenway 2 is paved with permeable bricks 12. Greenway 2 includes a road 13, a cycling path 14 and a walking path 15.

[0033] Preferably, a cushion layer 16 is provided below the permeable brick 12, and the thickness of the cushion layer 16 is not less than 15cm.

[0034] Preferably, lane 13 has two lanes, each with a width of 1 meter; cycling lane 14 is located on the side of lane 13 closest to the ecological residential area 1; cycling lane 14 is 2.5 meters wide; and pedestrian lane 15 is located on the side of lane 13 closest to the lakeside 11, with a width of 2.5 meters.

[0035] In the above setup, the plants and topsoil on both sides of Greenway 2 collect and purify the surface runoff from the village and roads, and balance the water volume through infiltration and evaporation. By planting sparse trees and low shrubs and combining them with the shaping of micro-topography, the view lines are opened up to enjoy the lakeside scenery.

[0036] Further, see Figure 2 Ecological zone 3 is an artificial wetland 17; between greenway 2 and residential zone 1, there is also a dense forest restoration zone 18, on which permeable bricks 12 are laid; between dense forest restoration zone 18 and residential zone 1, there is a sponge green space 4.

[0037] Preferably, a cushion layer 16 is provided below the permeable brick 12, and the thickness of the cushion layer 16 is not less than 15cm.

[0038] In the above setup, sponge green spaces 4 are set up on both sides of greenway 2 and between dense forest restoration area 18 and residential area 1, for a total of three sets of sponge green spaces 4. Through the sponge green spaces 4 on both sides of greenway 2, surface runoff from villages and roads is collected and purified. Water balance is achieved through infiltration and evaporation. By planting sparse trees and low shrubs and combining them with the shaping of micro-topography, the view lines are opened up to appreciate the lakeside scenery.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A sponge system for ecological restoration and regulation of lakeside areas, characterized in that, It includes a residential area (1), a greenway (2), and an ecological zone (3) arranged sequentially on the ground; sponge green space (4) is provided between the residential area (1) and the greenway (2), and between the greenway (2) and the ecological zone (3); the sponge green space (4) includes a lower structure (5) of bioretention facilities set below the ground and an upper structure (6) of bioretention facilities set above the lower structure (5); the plane of the upper structure (6) of bioretention facilities is lower than the plane of the ground; tall trees (7) are planted at intervals between the residential area (1) and the greenway (2); low shrubs (8) are planted at intervals between the ecological zone (3) and the greenway (2).

2. The lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower structure (5) of the bioretention facility includes an isolation layer (501), a gravel drainage layer (502), and a perforated drainage pipe (503) arranged from top to bottom; the gravel pores in the gravel drainage layer (502) are larger than the opening pores of the perforated drainage pipe (503).

3. The lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper structure (6) of the bioretention facility includes a vegetation layer (601) and a soil replacement layer (602) arranged from top to bottom; the vegetation layer (601) includes plants and topsoil; the soil replacement layer (602) includes a biological medium arranged below the topsoil and on the isolation layer (501).

4. The lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Grass ditch (9) is excavated on both sides of the greenway (2); the vegetation layer (601), the soil replacement layer (602), the isolation layer (501), the gravel drainage layer (502), and the perforated drainage pipe (503) are laid in the grass ditch (9) from top to bottom.

5. The lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ecological zone (3) is the lakeside (11); the greenway (2) is paved with permeable bricks (12), and the greenway (2) includes a road (13), a cycling path (14) and a walking path (15).

6. The lakeside ecological restoration and regulation sponge system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ecological zone (3) is an artificial wetland (17); a dense forest restoration area (18) is also provided between the greenway (2) and the residential area (1), and permeable bricks (12) are laid on the greenway (2); a sponge green space (4) is provided between the dense forest restoration area (18) and the residential area (1).

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