Lower water inlet type bioretention facility

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment, and relates to a lower part water inlet type bioretention facility, which comprises a catch basin, a mud trap, a water distribution main pipe, a water distribution overflow well and a bioretention facility, and the bioretention facility comprises a water storage layer, a covering layer, a planting soil layer, a water distribution layer, an artificial soil layer and a drainage layer which are arranged from top to bottom; the intercepting well, the mud sinking well and the water distribution overflow well are sequentially communicated, the mud sinking well is communicated with the water distribution overflow well through a water distribution main pipe, the water distribution main pipe is parallel to a bioretention facility, a plurality of water distribution branch pipes are vertically and horizontally connected to the water distribution main pipe, and the water distribution branch pipes are inserted into the water distribution layer. According to the utility model, rainwater collected by more rainwater pipes with deeper burial depth can flow into the bioretention facility in a self-flowing manner, so that a lot of sites in which rainwater runoff cannot be controlled are controlled, the removal rate of pollutants in the sites is improved, the pollution load of entering urban water is reduced, and the improvement of water environment is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of water environment management technology and relates to a bottom-inlet type biological retention facility. Background Technology

[0002] A sponge city refers to a city that, like a sponge, possesses excellent resilience in adapting to environmental changes and responding to natural disasters caused by rainwater. Through urban planning, construction, and management, it achieves rainwater control and utilization across different underlying surfaces such as buildings and residential areas, urban roads, green spaces and squares, and urban water systems, thereby achieving multiple goals including restoring aquatic ecosystems, improving the water environment, ensuring water security, and conserving water resources.

[0003] However, it has also exposed some problems in the construction of sponge cities. For example, in projects such as industrial plants, large commercial buildings, and renovation of old residential areas, the green space is small, the underground pipe network is extensive, the space for sponge facilities is limited, and the implementation of the sponge concept is difficult. Among them, there are two prominent problems:

[0004] One type of problem arises when large roofs require pressurized rainwater pipes indoors, necessitating connection to inspection wells for safety. This inevitably leads to deeper burial of pipes behind the inspection wells, or site restrictions such as vehicle access limitations in the pipe laying area, preventing the installation of shallow drainage ditches and necessitating deeper drainage pipes. For bioretention facilities with a typical sinking depth of 0.5m, this vertical arrangement makes gravity flow from above impossible, rendering many bioretention facilities ineffective. Another type of problem arises when, given the vertical constraints preventing bioretention facilities, water flows directly into a storage tank, controlling most of the rainwater runoff. However, the high concentration of pollutants in the initial rainwater entering the tank can easily turn it into a "black and smelly water body" or significantly increase the cost of subsequent rainwater reuse and treatment. This also negates the inherent functions of a sponge city: natural sedimentation, natural infiltration, and natural purification.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new technology that can achieve a healthy urban hydrological cycle even under such unfavorable conditions, improve the capacity for infiltration, storage, purification, utilization and discharge, and maintain or restore the city's "sponge" function. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a bottom-inlet type bioretention facility to solve the problem that when runoff rainwater in the facility service area cannot be collected by shallow water collection facilities and can only be collected by drainage pipes with a relatively deep burial depth, it is difficult to introduce the bioretention facility by gravity.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A bottom-inlet bioretention facility includes an intercepting well, a sedimentation well, a water distribution main pipe, a water distribution overflow well, and a bioretention facility. The bioretention facility includes a water storage layer, a cover layer, a planting soil layer, a water distribution layer, an artificial soil layer, and a drainage layer arranged from top to bottom.

[0009] The interception well, sedimentation well, and water distribution overflow well are connected in sequence, and the sedimentation well and the water distribution overflow well are connected by a water distribution main pipe. The water distribution main pipe is parallel to the bioretention facility, and several water distribution branch pipes are vertically and horizontally connected to the water distribution main pipe, and the water distribution branch pipes are inserted into the water distribution layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the biological retention facility is also equipped with a retention facility overflow well, and the water storage layer is equipped with an upper water inlet and an overflow outlet, which are respectively connected to the upper water inlet pipe and the retention facility overflow well; the bottom of the retention facility overflow well is equipped with a water outlet pipe for drainage.

[0011] Furthermore, there is also a horizontal ventilation pipe in the artificial soil layer, which is connected to a vertical ventilation pipe whose top extends out of the water storage layer for ventilation.

[0012] The top of the ventilation riser is provided with a downward bend, and the opening of the downward bend is provided with a mesh cover, with the opening elevation higher than the overflow water surface of the water storage layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the intercepting well is connected to a lower inlet pipe, an intercepting well outlet pipe, and an intercepting pipe, and an overflow weir is provided inside it. The intercepting pipe and the lower inlet pipe are arranged on one side of the overflow weir and are connected to the sedimentation well through the intercepting pipe. The intercepting well outlet pipe is arranged on the other side of the overflow weir, and the bottom elevation of the intercepting pipe is lower than the bottom elevation of the lower inlet pipe and the intercepting well outlet pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the water distribution main pipe is the outlet of the sedimentation well, and the bottom elevation of the sedimentation well is not less than 0.4m lower than the bottom elevation of the water distribution main pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the water inlet of the water distribution overflow well is the end of the water distribution main pipe, and it is connected to an overflow pipe as the water outlet, and the bottom elevation of the overflow pipe is higher than the top elevation of the water distribution main pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the planting soil layer is not less than 300mm, and its composition is 40%~60% medium and coarse sand, 7%~15% organic nutrient soil, and 25%~53% garden soil or topsoil.

[0017] Furthermore, the water distribution layer is made of crushed stone or gravel with a particle size not less than the opening diameter of the water distribution branch pipe and a thickness of 250~350mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the artificial soil layer is 350~1000mm, and its composition includes quartz sand, limestone, ore, activated carbon, and nutrient soil.

[0019] Furthermore, a perforated water collection pipe is installed inside the drainage layer. The drainage layer is made of crushed stone or gravel with a particle size not smaller than the opening diameter of the perforated water collection pipe and a thickness of 250~350mm.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] 1. This bottom-inlet bioretention facility allows rainwater collected by deeper rainwater pipes to flow into the bioretention facility by gravity, enabling the control of many previously uncontrollable rainwater runoff sites, improving the site's pollutant removal rate, reducing the pollution load entering urban water bodies, and contributing to the improvement of the water environment.

[0022] 2. This bottom-inlet bioretention facility can be used in series with the bottom-mounted reservoir. Rainwater first enters the bioretention facility to remove most of the pollutants, and then enters the reservoir through the outlet pipe to meet the requirements of rainwater control volume. This allows the two facilities to play their respective roles. At the same time, due to the natural purification and filtration of the bioretention facility, the subsequent rainwater reuse treatment cost of the reservoir is greatly reduced, saving chemical and energy consumption and contributing to water resource utilization.

[0023] 3. It enables rainwater runoff in sites with unfavorable vertical relationships to be controlled, which helps to implement the sponge city concept in projects such as industrial plants, large commercial buildings, and renovation of old residential areas, promotes the construction of sponge cities, and contributes to the high-quality development of ecological civilization construction.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination and study, or may be learned from practice of this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a bottom-inlet bioretention facility in one embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1BB section view;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 CC section view.

[0030] Attached reference numerals: 1. Bioretention facility; 2. Water distribution overflow well; 21. Water distribution main pipe; 22. Overflow pipe; 3. Sedimentation well; 31. Stainless steel mesh; 32. Sewage interception basket; 4. Interception well; 41. Interception pipe; 42. Lower inlet pipe; 43. Interception well outlet pipe; 44. Flow channel; 45. Overflow weir.

[0031] Bioretention Facility 1: Water storage layer 11, upper water inlet 111, overflow outlet 112, covering layer 12, planting soil layer 13, water distribution layer 14, water distribution branch pipe 141, artificial soil layer 15, ventilation riser 151, ventilation horizontal pipe 152, drainage layer 16, perforated water collection pipe 161, seepage prevention layer 17, observation pipe 18, retention facility overflow well 19, upper water inlet pipe 120, water inlet pebble buffer layer 121, water outlet pipe 122. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Please see Figures 1-4 It is a bottom-inlet type bioretention facility, including interception well 4, sedimentation well 3, water distribution overflow well 2 and bioretention facility 1;

[0036] The intercepting well 4 is connected to three pipes: a lower inlet pipe 42, an intercepting well outlet pipe 43, and an intercepting pipe 41. It contains a flow channel 44 and an overflow weir 45 for separating the flow channel 44. The intercepting pipe 41 and the lower inlet pipe 42 are arranged on one side of the overflow weir 45, and the intercepting well outlet pipe 43 is arranged on the other side of the overflow weir 45. The bottom elevation of the intercepting pipe 41 is lower than that of the lower inlet pipe 42 and the intercepting well outlet pipe 43. By intercepting the flow, the rainwater within the design annual runoff control rate of the facility service area enters the bioretention facility 1, while the rainwater exceeding the control rate overflows the overflow weir 45 and is discharged through the intercepting well outlet pipe 43.

[0037] The sedimentation well 3 is connected to the intercepting well 4 via the intercepting pipe 41 and to the water distribution overflow well 2 via the water distribution main pipe 21. A stainless steel grid 31 is installed at the connection with the water distribution main pipe 21. The water distribution overflow well 2 is also connected to the overflow pipe 22.

[0038] The bioretention facility 1 is arranged from top to bottom as a water storage layer 11, a cover layer 12, a planting soil layer 13, a water distribution layer 14, an artificial soil layer 15, a drainage layer 16, and an impermeable layer 17. An overflow well 19 is provided in the bioretention facility 1. The water storage layer 11 is provided with an upper water inlet 111 and an overflow outlet 112. The upper water inlet 111 is used to connect to the upper water inlet pipe 120, and the overflow outlet 112 is used to connect to the overflow well 19. The water distribution layer 14 is provided with a water distribution branch pipe 141 for connecting to the water distribution main pipe 21. The artificial soil layer 15 is provided with a ventilation pipe.

[0039] Furthermore, an inlet pebble buffer layer 121 is provided at the upper inlet 111 to buffer rainwater from the upper inlet pipe 120.

[0040] Specifically, in the sedimentation well 3, the intercepting pipe 41 is the water inlet of the sedimentation well, the water distribution main pipe 21 is the water outlet of the sedimentation well, and the bottom elevation of the well is not less than 0.4m lower than the bottom elevation of the water distribution main pipe 21.

[0041] The main water distribution pipe 21 is parallel to the bioretention facility 1. The end of the main water distribution pipe is connected to the water distribution overflow well 2. Several water distribution branch pipes 141 are evenly connected to the vertical and horizontal branches on the main water distribution pipe 21. The water distribution branch pipes 141 are inserted into the water distribution layer 14 of the bioretention facility.

[0042] In the water distribution overflow well 2, the water inlet is at the end of the water distribution main pipe 21, and the water outlet is the overflow pipe 22. The bottom elevation of the overflow pipe 22 is higher than the top of the water distribution main pipe 21.

[0043] Furthermore, the depth of the water storage layer 11 is 100mm~300mm, and the height is not less than 100mm.

[0044] Furthermore, the thickness of the planting soil layer 13 is not less than 300 mm; its composition is as follows: medium and coarse sand accounts for 40% to 60%, organic nutrient soil accounts for 7% to 15%, and garden soil or topsoil accounts for 25% to 53%.

[0045] Furthermore, the water distribution layer 14 is made of crushed stone or gravel with a particle size not less than the opening diameter of the water distribution branch pipe and a thickness of 250~350mm. Non-woven permeable geotextile is installed between the planting soil layer 13 and the upper layer of the water distribution layer, and between the lower layer of the water distribution layer and the artificial soil layer. Water distribution branch pipes are installed inside the water distribution layer 14. The water distribution branch pipes are perforated PVC pipes with an opening rate of 1%~3%, and the water distribution branch pipes are wrapped with non-woven permeable geotextile.

[0046] Furthermore, the artificial soil layer 15 has a thickness of 350~1000mm and is mainly composed of quartz sand (accounting for no less than 80%, coarse sand can be used instead) and supplemented with limestone, a small amount of ore, activated carbon, nutrient soil, etc. It is equipped with a ring-shaped ventilation horizontal pipe 152. The ventilation horizontal pipe 152 is made of perforated PVC pipe with an opening rate of 2%~3% and wrapped with non-woven permeable geotextile. The ventilation horizontal pipe 152 is connected to the ventilation vertical pipe 151. The top of the ventilation vertical pipe 151 extends out of the water storage layer 11 and is equipped with a downward bend pipe. The opening is equipped with a net cover and the elevation of the opening is higher than the overflow water surface of the water storage layer 11.

[0047] Furthermore, the drainage layer 16 is made of crushed stone or gravel with a particle size not smaller than the aperture of the perforated water collection pipe, a thickness of 250-350mm, and is equipped with a perforated water collection pipe 161 connecting to the overflow well of the retention facility. The perforated water collection pipe 161 is made of perforated PVC pipe with an opening rate of 1%-3%, and its installation elevation should be at least 100mm higher than the bottom of the drainage layer. It is also wrapped with non-woven permeable geotextile. Additionally, the bottom of the overflow well 19 of the retention facility is equipped with a water outlet pipe 122 for drainage.

[0048] Preferably, the drainage layer 16 is also provided with an observation pipe 18 extending out of the water storage layer 11 at its top. The observation pipe 18 has a pipe plug at its upper opening and is connected to the perforated water collection pipe 161 at its bottom.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of this technical solution, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A bottom-inlet type bioretention facility, characterized in that: It includes interception wells, sedimentation wells, water distribution mains, water distribution overflow wells, and bioretention facilities. The bioretention facilities include, from top to bottom, a water storage layer, a cover layer, a planting soil layer, a water distribution layer, an artificial soil layer, and a drainage layer. The interception well, sedimentation well, and water distribution overflow well are connected in sequence, and the sedimentation well and the water distribution overflow well are connected by a water distribution main pipe. The water distribution main pipe is parallel to the bioretention facility, and several water distribution branch pipes are vertically and horizontally connected to the water distribution main pipe, and the water distribution branch pipes are inserted into the water distribution layer.

2. The bottom-inlet bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological retention facility is also equipped with a retention facility overflow well. The water storage layer is equipped with an upper water inlet and an overflow outlet, which are respectively connected to the upper water inlet pipe and the retention facility overflow well. The bottom of the retention facility overflow well is equipped with a water outlet pipe for drainage.

3. The bottom-inlet bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is also a horizontal ventilation pipe in the artificial soil layer, which is connected to a vertical ventilation pipe whose top extends out of the water storage layer for ventilation. The top of the ventilation vertical pipe is provided with a downward bend, and the opening of the downward bend is provided with a mesh cover, and the elevation of the opening is higher than the overflow water surface of the water storage layer.

4. The bottom-inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intercepting well is connected to a lower inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and an intercepting pipe, and has an overflow weir inside. The intercepting pipe and the lower inlet pipe are arranged on one side of the overflow weir and are connected to the sedimentation well through the intercepting pipe. The outlet pipe of the intercepting well is arranged on the other side of the overflow weir, and the bottom elevation of the intercepting pipe is lower than the bottom elevation of the lower inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

5. The bottom-inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution main pipe is for water from the sedimentation well, and the bottom elevation of the sedimentation well is not less than 0.4m lower than the bottom elevation of the water distribution main pipe.

6. The bottom-inlet bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water distribution overflow well is at the end of the water distribution main pipe, and it is connected to an overflow pipe as the water outlet. The bottom elevation of the overflow pipe is higher than the top elevation of the water distribution main pipe.

7. The bottom-inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the planting soil layer shall not be less than 300 mm, and its composition shall be 40% to 60% medium and coarse sand, 7% to 15% organic nutrient soil, and 25% to 53% garden soil or topsoil.

8. The bottom-inlet bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution layer is made of crushed stone or gravel with a particle size not smaller than the opening diameter of the water distribution branch pipe and a thickness of 250-350 mm.

9. The bottom-inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the artificial soil layer is 350-1000 mm, and its composition includes quartz sand, limestone, ore, activated carbon, and nutrient soil.

10. The bottom-inlet bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage layer is equipped with a perforated water collection pipe. The drainage layer is made of crushed stone or gravel with a particle size not less than the opening diameter of the perforated water collection pipe and a thickness of 250-350 mm.

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