Shield tunnel limited space safety operation protection early warning system
By using RFID tags and facial recognition systems in conjunction with environmental monitoring in shield tunnels, the problems of personnel identification and environmental safety during shield tunnel construction have been solved, achieving efficient safety management and risk warning, and ensuring construction safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422659690.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-31
AI Technical Summary
During shield tunnel construction, the limited space and isolation from the outside world create a harsh working environment, leading to problems such as toxic and harmful gases and insufficient oxygen, which affect construction safety and personnel health. Existing technologies lack effective early warning mechanisms.
The system employs RFID tags, facial recognition systems, environmental monitoring systems, and early warning systems, combined with multiple sensors to monitor air quality and temperature and humidity. Through dual authentication and real-time early warning, it ensures the identification of construction personnel and environmental safety.
It improves the accuracy and efficiency of identifying construction workers, provides timely warnings of construction risks, ensures construction safety, and achieves efficient safety management and rescue.
Smart Images
Figure CN223536409U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel operation safety technology, and more specifically to a protective and early warning system for safe operation in confined spaces in shield tunnels. Background Technology
[0002] Shield tunneling is a widely used construction method in tunnel construction. With the development of shield tunneling technology, the burial depth (water depth) of super tunnel projects such as underground tunnels, seabed tunnels, and riverbed tunnels has reached hundreds of meters. In some hydraulic tunnels (such as water diversion tunnels), the maximum burial depth has even reached more than 1,000 meters, which puts extremely high demands on the difficulty of construction and the management of the construction process.
[0003] Tunnel construction falls under the category of confined space construction. The space is limited and relatively isolated from the outside world, with restricted access. The internal environment of the construction site is relatively harsh, with poor lighting, ventilation, and dampness presenting significant safety risks to construction workers. Furthermore, harmful gases and dust accumulated during construction cannot disperse in the traditional atmospheric environment but accumulate in the confined underground space. Although the construction area is equipped with fresh air systems and ventilation, the internal air exchange process and its effectiveness become unstable as construction progresses and the tunnel space extends. In particular, toxic gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and hydrogen sulfide seriously affect the safety of the construction environment and the health of construction workers, easily leading to the accumulation of toxic, harmful, flammable, and explosive substances or insufficient oxygen, resulting in risks of poisoning, explosions, and oxygen deficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the defects and deficiencies of the existing technology, the first aspect of the purpose of this utility model is to provide a safety protection and early warning system for confined space operations in shield tunnels, comprising:
[0005] The RFID tags carried by the construction workers are all uniquely associated with each worker.
[0006] The identity management server is configured to store the identity ID of each construction worker, as well as the facial features, RFID tag information, and construction area information associated with the identity ID;
[0007] The environmental monitoring system deployed in the confined space of the shield tunnel is equipped with multiple sensor components to monitor the temperature, humidity and air quality in the confined space of the shield tunnel and report to the monitoring center regularly.
[0008] A UHF card reader is installed at the entrance of the shield tunnel to read the RFID tags carried by construction workers entering the shield tunnel for preliminary identification of the workers.
[0009] A cache library is connected to the UHF card reader and the identity management server;
[0010] A facial recognition system is installed at the entrance of the shield tunnel to collect facial images of construction workers entering the confined space of the shield tunnel, perform facial recognition and registration, and count the total number of construction workers entering the confined space of the shield tunnel.
[0011] The environmental safety early warning system is connected to the monitoring center and is used to issue construction warnings based on real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity and air quality, and according to safety threshold ranges.
[0012] The monitoring center is connected to the identity management server, the facial recognition system, and the environmental security early warning system, and is equipped with a display screen to display the data monitored by the environmental monitoring system and the early warning information.
[0013] As an optional embodiment, the RFID tag assigned to each construction worker is integrated into the safety helmet worn by the construction worker and a one-to-one association is established with the construction worker's identity ID.
[0014] As an optional embodiment, the UHF reader is configured to determine the identity of construction workers within the antenna radiation field of the UHF reader by reading the RFID tags carried by the construction workers entering the shield tunnel, and to store the corresponding construction worker identity information in the cache based on the construction worker identity corresponding to the read RFID tag.
[0015] As an optional embodiment, the face recognition system includes a camera for acquiring face images and an edge computing system for identifying construction workers based on the face images captured by the camera. The edge computing system performs face recognition in a 1:1 manner based on the captured face images of construction workers and the identity information of construction workers stored in the cache to determine the identity of the construction workers entering the construction area.
[0016] As an optional embodiment, the edge computing system is also equipped with a statistics module, which summarizes the total number of construction personnel entering the confined space of the shield tunnel based on the facial recognition results, and transmits and reports the data to the monitoring center, where it is displayed on the screen.
[0017] As an optional embodiment, the plurality of sensor components include a carbon monoxide sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a hydrogen sulfide sensor, a methane sensor, an oxygen sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor, which are used to monitor the concentrations of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane, oxygen levels, and temperature and humidity data within the confined space of the shield tunnel.
[0018] As an optional embodiment, the environmental safety early warning system pre-stores the safety threshold range of the air quality monitoring object, which is used to compare whether the monitored data is within the safety threshold range.
[0019] As an optional embodiment, the sensor components and the monitoring center communicate via Bluetooth and Wi-Fi to upload monitoring data to the monitoring center and store it in its server.
[0020] The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system described in the above embodiments has the following significant advantages:
[0021] (1) The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system of this utility model, by setting up a UHF card reader at the entrance of the shield tunnel, reads the RFID tags carried by the construction personnel to initially locate the identity of the construction personnel and can initially delineate the range of personnel entering the area. This is conducive to the use of a 1:1 method for face recognition registration in the future, rather than a 1:N recognition method, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of face recognition. By combining the RFID tag reading system and the face recognition system to collect face images and identify and register the construction personnel entering the construction area, the dual identity verification method can more accurately verify the identity of the personnel entering the area, effectively ensuring the safety of the construction area, and facilitating efficient rescue of personnel at fixed points and in case of danger.
[0022] (2) Unlike environmental monitoring systems that can only monitor environmental parameters but lack an effective early warning mechanism, the safety protection early warning system of this utility model is designed as an environmental safety early warning system. By receiving real-time monitored temperature, humidity and air quality data, such as carbon dioxide content, hydrogen sulfide / methane and other harmful gas content, oxygen content, etc., and issuing construction early warnings based on the safety threshold range, construction personnel can take timely measures to deal with environmental changes, such as ventilation, adjusting the construction progress or safely evacuating the construction area in advance, thereby ensuring construction safety.
[0023] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below may be considered part of the utility model subject matter of this disclosure, provided that such concepts do not contradict each other. Furthermore, all combinations of the claimed subject matter are considered part of the utility model subject matter of this disclosure.
[0024] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will become apparent from the following description or may be learned through practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. Attached Figure Description
[0025] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an environmental monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a UHF reading system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0029] To better understand the technical content of this utility model, specific embodiments are provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0030] Various aspects of the present invention are described in this disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate numerous illustrative embodiments. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily intended to include all aspects of the present invention. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways, because the concepts and embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to any particular implementation. Furthermore, some aspects of the present invention can be used alone or in any suitable combination with other aspects disclosed herein.
[0031] {Example 1}
[0032] Combination Figures 1-3 The example shown illustrates a shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:
[0033] The RFID tag 101 carried by the shield tunnel construction workers is integrated into the safety helmets worn by the workers and is associated with the workers' ID cards.
[0034] The identity management server 110 is configured to store the identity ID of each construction worker, as well as the facial features, RFID tag information, and construction area information associated with the identity ID;
[0035] An environmental monitoring system 120 is installed in the confined space of the shield tunnel. It is equipped with multiple sensor components to monitor the temperature, humidity and air quality in the confined space of the shield tunnel and report to the monitoring center 1000 on a regular basis.
[0036] A UHF card reader 140 is installed at the entrance of the shield tunnel to read the RFID tags 101 carried by construction workers entering the shield tunnel for preliminary identification of the workers.
[0037] The cache library is connected to the UHF card reader 140 and the identity management server 110;
[0038] A facial recognition system 150 is installed at the entrance of the shield tunnel to collect facial images of construction workers entering the confined space of the shield tunnel, perform facial recognition and registration, and count the total number of construction workers entering the confined space of the shield tunnel.
[0039] The environmental safety early warning system 160 is connected to the monitoring center 1000 and is used to issue construction warnings based on real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity and air quality, and according to the safety threshold range.
[0040] The monitoring center 1000 is connected to the identity management server, facial recognition system, and environmental security early warning system, and is equipped with a display screen to show the data monitored by the environmental monitoring system and early warning information.
[0041] As an optional embodiment, the UHF reader 140 is configured to determine the identity of construction workers within the antenna radiation field of the UHF reader by reading the RFID tags carried by construction workers entering the shield tunnel, and to store the corresponding construction worker identity information in the cache based on the construction worker identity corresponding to the read RFID tag.
[0042] As an optional implementation, the facial recognition system includes a camera for acquiring facial images and an edge computing system (e.g., a lightweight edge computing device deployed at the entrance site) for identifying construction workers based on the facial images captured by the camera. The edge computing system performs 1:1 facial recognition based on the captured facial images of construction workers and the identity information of construction workers stored in the cache to determine the identity of the construction workers entering the construction area.
[0043] In a further embodiment, the edge computing system is also equipped with a statistics module to summarize the total number of construction workers entering the confined space of the shield tunnel based on the facial recognition results, and transmit and report it to the monitoring center 1000, which then displays it on the display screen of the monitoring center.
[0044] It should be understood that edge computing systems typically have the architecture of computer systems, with processors, memory, and data bus systems. They can pre-store commercial facial recognition software algorithms or trained facial recognition models in the memory, including but not limited to recognition models based on neural networks such as CNNs. These models are called and executed by the processor. Based on real-time collected facial data, the system compares and matches the facial feature information of construction workers in the cache to perform facial recognition, identify the construction workers, and register them.
[0045] As an optional embodiment, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, based on the air quality monitoring requirements, high-precision and high-sensitivity sensors are selected, including carbon monoxide sensors, carbon dioxide sensors, hydrogen sulfide sensors, methane sensors, oxygen sensors, and temperature and humidity sensors, which are used to monitor the concentrations of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane, oxygen levels, and temperature and humidity data in the confined space of the shield tunnel.
[0046] As an optional implementation, monitoring points are set up at certain intervals and in the construction area within the confined space of the shield tunnel. Multiple sensors are configured to monitor the air quality in real time and dynamically. The monitoring data is reported to the monitoring center 1000 according to the reporting cycle. The environmental safety early warning system 160 is connected to the monitoring center 1000 and issues construction early warnings based on the real-time monitored temperature, humidity and air quality, and according to the safety threshold range.
[0047] The monitoring center will display real-time monitoring data on the screen in the monitoring center, and also display construction early warning information.
[0048] As an optional embodiment, a display screen is installed at the tunnel entrance and connected to the monitoring center to display real-time environmental data, including temperature, humidity and air quality, on the display screen at the tunnel entrance, so that construction personnel and management personnel can observe and respond when entering.
[0049] For example, in the confined space of a shield tunnel, insufficient oxygen levels can occur due to poor ventilation. Under normal circumstances, the oxygen content in the air is approximately 21%. When the oxygen content falls below 19.5%, workers will experience symptoms such as rapid breathing and impaired judgment; when the oxygen content falls below 6%, it can lead to death within a short period. The environmental safety early warning system 160 of this embodiment monitors air quality and oxygen levels in real time. Once the oxygen concentration drops to a dangerous threshold, it can promptly issue an alarm, reminding workers to evacuate or take appropriate ventilation measures to ensure their safety.
[0050] Meanwhile, before construction workers enter, the air quality in the confined space of the shield tunnel is continuously monitored. If the air quality does not meet the safety threshold, an alarm will be displayed at the entrance, indicating that the current time is not suitable for construction and that management personnel need to take appropriate ventilation measures to improve the air environment until the air quality standards are met before entering the construction area.
[0051] As an optional implementation, taking into account factors such as the size of the tunnel, network infrastructure, and data transmission requirements, each sensor uses a combination of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi to upload monitoring data to the monitoring center 1000.
[0052] The communication between the sensors and the monitoring center is based on a combination of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi communication. The sensors are equipped with Bluetooth modules. First, they transmit data to a nearby Bluetooth gateway (installed in a suitable location within the tunnel) based on the Bluetooth communication protocol. Then, the Bluetooth gateway forwards the data to the monitoring center's server via Wi-Fi. This approach leverages Bluetooth's low-power characteristics for short-range data acquisition while utilizing Wi-Fi's high-speed transmission capabilities to reliably transmit data to the monitoring center for processing and analysis.
[0053] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention shall be determined by the claims.
Claims
1. A safety protection and early warning system for confined spaces in shield tunnels, characterized in that, include: The RFID tags carried by the construction workers are all uniquely associated with each worker. The identity management server is configured to store the identity ID of each construction worker, as well as the facial features, RFID tag information, and construction area information associated with the identity ID; The environmental monitoring system deployed in the confined space of the shield tunnel is equipped with multiple sensor components to monitor the temperature, humidity and air quality in the confined space of the shield tunnel and report to the monitoring center regularly. A UHF card reader is installed at the entrance of the shield tunnel to read the RFID tags carried by construction workers entering the shield tunnel for preliminary identification of the workers. A cache library is connected to the UHF card reader and the identity management server; A facial recognition system is installed at the entrance of the shield tunnel to collect facial images of construction workers entering the confined space of the shield tunnel, perform facial recognition and registration, and count the total number of construction workers entering the confined space of the shield tunnel. The environmental safety early warning system is connected to the monitoring center and is used to issue construction warnings based on real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity and air quality, and according to safety threshold ranges. The monitoring center is connected to the identity management server, the facial recognition system, and the environmental security early warning system, and is equipped with a display screen to display the data monitored by the environmental monitoring system and the early warning information.
2. The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each construction worker is assigned an RFID tag that is integrated into their safety helmet and linked one-to-one with their identification ID.
3. The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The UHF reader is configured to identify the construction workers within the antenna radiation field of the UHF reader by reading the RFID tags carried by the construction workers entering the shield tunnel, and to store the corresponding construction worker identity information in the cache based on the construction worker identity corresponding to the read RFID tag.
4. The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The facial recognition system includes a camera for acquiring facial images and an edge computing system for identifying construction workers based on the facial images captured by the camera. The edge computing system performs 1:1 facial recognition between the captured facial images of construction workers and the identity information of construction workers stored in the cache to determine the identity of the construction workers entering the construction area.
5. The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The edge computing system is also equipped with a statistics module, which summarizes the total number of construction workers entering the confined space of the shield tunnel based on the facial recognition results, and transmits and reports the data to the monitoring center, where it is displayed on the monitor screen.
6. The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple sensor components include a carbon monoxide sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a hydrogen sulfide sensor, a methane sensor, an oxygen sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor, which are used to monitor the concentrations of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane, oxygen levels, and temperature and humidity within the confined space of the shield tunnel.
7. The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental safety early warning system pre-stores the safety threshold range of the air quality monitoring objects, which is used to compare whether the monitored data is within the safety threshold range.
8. The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor components communicate with the monitoring center via Bluetooth and Wi-Fi to upload monitoring data to the monitoring center and store it on its server.
9. The shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time shield tunnel confined space safety operation protection and early warning system also includes a display screen installed at the tunnel entrance, which is connected to the monitoring center to display real-time environmental data, including temperature, humidity and air quality, on the display screen at the tunnel entrance.