Gasket and robot

Abstract

The utility model provides a gasket and a robot, relates to the technical field of robots, and aims to solve the problem of low mounting efficiency caused by machining errors of bolts and the like in the process of assembling the existing gasket and the bolts. The gasket comprises an annular gasket and comprises a first through hole; the circular-truncated-cone-shaped gasket is arranged in the axial direction of the first through hole, the circular-ring-shaped gasket comprises a first end face and a second end face which are oppositely arranged, the circular-truncated-cone-shaped gasket is arranged on the first end face of the circular-ring-shaped gasket, the circular-truncated-cone-shaped gasket comprises a second through hole, the second through hole is formed in the axial direction, and the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole; a first chamfer is arranged on the edge, close to the first through hole, of the second end face of the annular gasket, and the locking piece can penetrate through the first through hole and the second through hole from one side of the second end face of the annular gasket and is connected with a connected piece on the other side of the second end face of the annular gasket. According to the gasket, due to the existence of the first chamfer, the problem that matching is difficult due to the machining error of the locking piece is solved, and the installation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of robotics technology, and more specifically, to a washer and a robot. Background Technology

[0002] Some documents disclose that conical washers typically consist of an annular washer and a frustum-shaped washer. During installation, the frustum-shaped washer is embedded inside the connected parts, and then a bolt is inserted into the through hole between the annular and frustum-shaped washers to secure the connected parts. However, the annular washer's through hole usually does not have a chamfer on its periphery. This increases the difficulty of inserting the bolt into the through hole due to bolt machining errors, resulting in low installation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the installation efficiency of existing washers is low due to bolt processing errors and other reasons during the assembly process.

[0004] The first aspect of this utility model is to provide a washer.

[0005] The second aspect of this utility model is to provide a robot.

[0006] The first aspect of this utility model provides a washer comprising: an annular washer including a first through hole; and a frustum-shaped washer, along the axial direction of the first through hole. The annular washer includes a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other. The frustum-shaped washer is disposed on the first end face of the annular washer. The frustum-shaped washer includes a second through hole, which is disposed along the axial direction and communicates with the first through hole. The second end face of the annular washer, near the edge of the first through hole, is provided with a first chamfer. A locking member can pass through the first through hole and the second through hole from one side of the second end face of the annular washer and connect to the connected member on the other side.

[0007] The washers provided in this application include annular washers and frustum-shaped washers. The annular washer includes a first through hole. Along the axial direction of the first through hole, the annular washer includes a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other. The frustum-shaped washer is disposed on the first end face of the annular washer and includes a second through hole. The second through hole is disposed along the axial direction and communicates with the first through hole. The diameters of the first and second through holes can be the same, or the diameter of the first through hole can be smaller than the diameter of the second through hole. The first and second through holes are used for the passage of a locking member. The second end face of the annular washer, near the edge of the first through hole, is provided with a first chamfer. The locking member can pass through the first and second through holes from one side of the second end face of the annular washer and connect to the connected member on the other side. The gasket of this application, because the annular gasket is far from the frustum-shaped gasket and has a first chamfer near the edge of the first through hole, avoids matching difficulties caused by machining errors of the locking components (such as locking bolts) during the mating process, thus improving installation efficiency. Furthermore, the frustum-shaped gasket, due to its conical surface, can increase the contact area with the connected component along the axial direction of the first through hole, given the same thickness.

[0008] In practical applications, a tapered hole matching the shape of the frustum-shaped washer can be drilled in the connected parts. During assembly, the tapered surface of the frustum-shaped washer can settle into the tapered hole of the connected parts, resulting in a smaller axial dimension for the washer. Furthermore, the tapered surface of the frustum-shaped washer provides excellent centering, limiting the axial movement of the washer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the angle of the first chamfer may be greater than or equal to 15° and less than or equal to 45°. For example, the angle of the first chamfer may be 30°.

[0010] In some embodiments, the frustum-shaped washer may optionally include an inclined surface, the angle between the inclined surface and the first end face of the annular washer being greater than or equal to 160° and less than or equal to 175°.

[0011] In this embodiment, the angle between the inclined surface of the frustum-shaped washer and the first end face of the annular washer is greater than or equal to 160° and less than or equal to 175°, for example, it can be 170°. This large conical surface can reduce the depth of the washer extending into the connected parts, thereby making it easier to remove the washer during the disassembly process.

[0012] In some embodiments, optionally, the length of the annular washer is greater than the length of the frustum-shaped washer along the radial direction of the first through hole. That is, the first end face of the annular washer includes two parts. The first part completely overlaps with the lower surface of the frustum-shaped washer, and the end face of the first part is located inside the end face of the second part. In this way, during the assembly process, the end face of the second part can fit against the connected parts, thereby providing a certain elastic buffer and facilitating the removal of the gasket.

[0013] In some embodiments, the frustum-shaped washer may optionally include a bevel, and a second chamfer is provided at the connection between the bevel and the first end face of the annular washer.

[0014] In this embodiment, a second chamfer is provided at the connection between the inclined surface of the frustum-shaped washer and the first end face of the annular washer, which can reduce stress concentration at the connection between the two structures during the locking process of the locking member.

[0015] In some embodiments, optionally, along the radial direction of the first through hole, the length of the frustum-shaped washer is X1, the length of the annular washer is X2, and X1 / X2 is greater than or equal to 0.7.

[0016] In this embodiment, along the radial direction of the first through hole, the ratio of the length of the frustum-shaped washer to the length of the annular washer is greater than or equal to 0.7. This ensures that the bevel of the frustum-shaped washer is large, thereby increasing the contact surface with the connected parts. Of course, the length of the frustum-shaped washer cannot exceed the length of the annular washer, that is, X1 / X2 is less than 1.

[0017] In some embodiments, optionally, along the axial direction of the first through hole, the height of the frustum-shaped washer is H1, the height of the annular washer is H2, and H1 / H2 is less than or equal to 0.3.

[0018] In this embodiment, along the axial direction of the first through hole, the ratio of the maximum height of the frustum-shaped washer to the height of the annular washer is less than or equal to 0.3. This can minimize the height of the frustum-shaped washer, thereby reducing the depth of the washer embedded in the connected parts and making it easier to remove the washer.

[0019] In some embodiments, the annular washer and the frustum-shaped washer are optionally integrated into one structure.

[0020] In this embodiment, the annular washer and the frustum-shaped washer are an integral structure, which can improve the connection strength between the two.

[0021] In some embodiments, the annular washer may optionally include a side end face connected between the first end face and the second end face, and a third chamfer is provided at the connection between the side end face and the first end face, and at the connection between the side end face and the second end face.

[0022] In this embodiment, a third chamfer is provided between the side end face and the first end face of the annular washer, and between the side end face and the second end face, so as to prevent the annular washer from scratching the user during installation.

[0023] In some embodiments, optionally, the angle of the third chamfer is greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 60°. Optionally, the angle of the third chamfer is equal to 45°.

[0024] In some embodiments, optionally, a groove and / or a protrusion are provided on the first end face of the annular washer, and the groove and / or the protrusion are arranged around the frustum-shaped washer.

[0025] In this embodiment, a groove and / or a protrusion are provided on the first end face of the annular washer. The groove and / or the protrusion are provided on the periphery of the frustum-shaped washer. In this way, during the assembly process, the groove and / or the protrusion can increase the friction between the annular washer and the connected parts, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-slip and improving the stability effect.

[0026] In some embodiments, the gasket may optionally include an anti-loosening structure: an annular gasket has an anti-loosening structure on its annular surface near the first through hole; and / or a frustum-shaped gasket has an anti-loosening structure on its annular surface near the second through hole.

[0027] In this embodiment, an anti-loosening structure is provided on the annular surface of the circular washer near the first through hole; and / or an anti-loosening structure is provided on the annular surface of the frustum-shaped washer near the second through hole. In this way, during the installation of the locking bolt, the anti-loosening structure can contact the locking bolt, thereby preventing the bolt from becoming loose.

[0028] In some embodiments, the anti-loosening structure may optionally be an anti-loosening tongue or an anti-slip protrusion, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the locking bolt from loosening.

[0029] A second aspect of this utility model provides a robot comprising: a washer as provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of this utility model. Since the robot provided by this utility model includes the washer provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of this utility model, it possesses all the beneficial effects of the washer provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of this utility model, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0032] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 A second schematic diagram of the structure of the washer according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 3The third schematic diagram of the gasket structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 4 One of the assembly structure diagrams of the two connected parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image;

[0037] Figure 6 It shows Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the image;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a second assembly structure diagram of two connected parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is the third assembly structure diagram of the two connected parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 The fourth figure shows the assembly structure of the two connected parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the force distribution of the locking component under axial force according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 One of the schematic diagrams of the stress area of ​​the connected component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of the stress area of ​​the connected component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the robot according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0045] Figure 14 The fourth schematic diagram of the gasket structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 15 An assembly structure diagram of the washer and locking component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0047] in, Figures 1 to 15 The correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0048] 1 Washer, 12 Circular Washer, 122 First Through Hole, 124 First End Face, 126 Second End Face, 128 Side End Face, 14 Frustum Washer, 142 Second Through Hole, 144 Bevel, 152 First Chamfer, 154 Second Chamfer, 156 Third Chamfer, 162 Groove, 164 Raised Rib, 17 Anti-Loosening Structure, 2 Robot, 3 Locking Part, 4 Connected Part, 42 First Connected Part, 44 Second Connected Part, 5 Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To better understand the above aspects, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0050] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the embodiments according to the present invention. However, the embodiments according to the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the embodiments according to the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the washer 1 provided by the first aspect of this utility model includes: an annular washer 12, including a first through hole 122; a frustum-shaped washer 14, along the axial direction of the first through hole 122. The annular washer 12 includes a first end face 124 and a second end face 126 disposed opposite to each other. The frustum-shaped washer 14 is disposed on the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12. The frustum-shaped washer 14 includes a second through hole 142, which is disposed along the axial direction and communicates with the first through hole 122. The second end face 126 of the annular washer 12 has a first chamfer 152 near the edge of the first through hole 122. The locking member 3 can pass through the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 142 from one side of the second end face 126 of the annular washer 12 and connect to the connected member 4 on the other side.

[0052] The washer 1 provided in this application includes an annular washer 12 and a frustum-shaped washer 14. The annular washer 12 includes a first through hole 122. Along the axial direction of the first through hole 122, the annular washer 12 includes a first end face 124 and a second end face 126 disposed opposite to each other. The frustum-shaped washer 14 is disposed on the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12. The frustum-shaped washer 14 includes a second through hole 142. The second through hole 142 is disposed along the axial direction and communicates with the first through hole 122. The diameters of the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 142 can be the same, or the diameter of the first through hole 122 can be smaller than the diameter of the second through hole 142. The first through hole 122 and the second through hole 142 are used for the passage of the locking member 3. The second end face 126 of the annular washer 12 has a first chamfer 152 near the edge of the first through hole 122. The locking member 3 can pass through the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 142 from one side of the second end face 126 of the annular washer 12 and connect to the connected member 4 on the other side. In this application, because the annular washer 12 is far from the frustum-shaped washer 14 and has a first chamfer 152 near the edge of the first through hole 122, the presence of the first chamfer 152 prevents matching difficulties caused by machining errors of the locking member 3 (e.g., locking bolts) during the matching process, thus improving installation efficiency. Furthermore, due to the presence of the conical surface, the frustum-shaped washer 14, along the axial direction of the first through hole 122, can increase the contact area with the connected member 4 at the same thickness.

[0053] In practical applications, a tapered hole matching the shape of the frustum-shaped washer 14 can be drilled in the connected part 4. This allows the tapered surface of the frustum-shaped washer 14 to settle into the tapered hole of the connected part 4 during assembly, resulting in a smaller axial dimension for the washer. Furthermore, the tapered surface of the frustum-shaped washer 14 provides excellent centering, limiting the axial movement of the washer.

[0054] For example, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the locking member 3 passes sequentially through the washer, the first connected member 42, the second connected member 44, and then through another washer, finally being locked by the nut 5, thereby connecting the first connected member 42 and the second connected member 44. Of course, as... Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a threaded hole can also be provided on the second connected member 44, so that the locking member 3 passes through the washer and the first connected member 42 in sequence and locks into the threaded hole of the second connected member 44. In some embodiments, optionally, the angle of the first chamfer 152 is greater than or equal to 15° and less than or equal to 45°. For example, the angle of the first chamfer 152 is 30°.

[0055] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the frustum-shaped washer 14 includes an inclined surface 144, and the angle between the inclined surface 144 and the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12 is greater than or equal to 160° and less than or equal to 175°.

[0056] In this embodiment, the angle between the inclined surface 144 of the frustum-shaped washer 14 and the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12 is greater than or equal to 160° and less than or equal to 175°, for example, it can be 170°. In this way, the large conical surface can reduce the depth of the washer 1 into the connected member 4, thereby making it easier to remove the washer 1 during the process of disassembling the washer 1.

[0057] In some embodiments, optionally, the length of the annular washer 12 is greater than the length of the frustum-shaped washer 14 along the radial direction of the first through hole 122. That is, the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12 includes two parts. The first part completely overlaps with the lower surface of the frustum-shaped washer 14. The end face of the first part is located inside the end face of the second part. In this way, during the assembly process, the end face of the second part can fit against the connected part 4, thereby providing a certain elastic buffer, reducing the impact on the bolt, and also facilitating the removal of the washer.

[0058] In some embodiments, the frustum-shaped washer 14 may optionally include a bevel 144, and a second chamfer 154 is provided at the connection between the bevel 144 and the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12.

[0059] In this embodiment, a second chamfer 154 is provided at the connection between the inclined surface 144 of the frustum-shaped washer 14 and the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12. This reduces stress concentration at the connection between the two structures during the locking process of the locking member 3.

[0060] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, along the radial direction of the first through hole 122, the length of the frustum-shaped washer 14 is X1, the length of the annular washer 12 is X2, and X1 / X2 is greater than or equal to 0.7.

[0061] In this embodiment, along the radial direction of the first through hole 122, the ratio of the length of the frustum-shaped washer 14 to the length of the annular washer 12 is greater than or equal to 0.7. This ensures that the inclined surface 144 of the frustum-shaped washer 14 is larger, thereby increasing the contact surface with the connected component 4. Of course, the length of the frustum-shaped washer 14 cannot exceed the length of the annular washer 12, that is, X1 / X2 is less than 1.

[0062] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3As shown, along the axial direction of the first through hole 122, the height of the frustum-shaped washer 14 is H1, the height of the annular washer 12 is H2, and H1 / H2 is less than or equal to 0.3.

[0063] In this embodiment, along the axial direction of the first through hole 122, the ratio of the maximum height of the frustum-shaped washer 14 to the height of the annular washer 12 is less than or equal to 0.3. This can minimize the height of the frustum-shaped washer 14, thereby reducing the depth of the washer 1 embedded in the connected member 4, thus facilitating the removal of the washer 1.

[0064] In some embodiments, the annular washer 12 and the frustum-shaped washer 14 are optionally integrated.

[0065] In this embodiment, the annular washer 12 and the frustum-shaped washer 14 are an integral structure, which can improve the connection strength between the two.

[0066] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the annular washer 12 also includes a side end face 128, which is connected between the first end face 124 and the second end face 126. A third chamfer 156 is provided at the connection between the side end face 128 and the first end face 124, and at the connection between the side end face 128 and the second end face 126.

[0067] In this embodiment, a third chamfer 156 is provided between the side end face 128 and the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12, and between the side end face 128 and the second end face 126, so as to prevent the annular washer 12 from scratching the user during installation.

[0068] In some embodiments, optionally, the angle of the third chamfer 156 is greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 60°. Optionally, the angle of the third chamfer 156 is equal to 45°.

[0069] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 14 As shown, the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12 is also provided with a groove 162 and / or a protrusion 164, which surround the frustum-shaped washer 14.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first end face 124 of the annular washer 12 is further provided with a groove 162 and / or a protrusion 164. The groove 162 and / or the protrusion 164 are provided on the periphery of the frustum-shaped washer 14. In this way, during the assembly process, the groove 162 and / or the protrusion 164 can increase the friction between the annular washer 12 and the connected part 4, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-slip and improving the stability effect.

[0071] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 15As shown, the washer 1 also includes an anti-loosening structure 17: the annular washer 12 is provided with an anti-loosening structure 17 on the annular surface near the first through hole 122; and / or the frustum-shaped washer 14 is provided with an anti-loosening structure 17 on the annular surface near the second through hole 142.

[0072] In this embodiment, the annular washer 12 is provided with an anti-loosening structure 17 on the annular surface near the first through hole 122; and / or the frustum-shaped washer 14 is provided with an anti-loosening structure 17 on the annular surface near the second through hole 142. In this way, during the installation of the locking bolt, the anti-loosening structure 17 can contact the locking bolt, thereby preventing the bolt from becoming loose.

[0073] In some embodiments, the anti-loosening structure 17 may optionally be an anti-loosening tongue or an anti-slip protrusion, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the locking bolt from loosening.

[0074] like Figure 13 As shown, a second aspect of this utility model provides a robot 2, including a washer 1 as provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of this utility model. Since the robot 2 provided by this utility model includes the washer 1 provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of this utility model, it possesses all the beneficial effects of the washer 1 provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of this utility model, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0075] Another embodiment of this application provides a gasket.

[0076] It's important to understand that bolted connections are a widely used fastening method in the industrial field. For high-load-bearing pre-tightened bolt connections, the load-bearing capacity of the bolts is often enhanced by increasing the stiffness of the connected parts or decreasing the bolt stiffness. Adding shims is a common practice to increase the stiffness of the connected parts. Shims can increase the stress area of ​​the connected parts, distribute the pressure of the bolt head or nut on the surface of the connected parts, and reduce surface damage or deformation, which is especially suitable for situations where the connected parts are made of soft or brittle materials.

[0077] Commonly used gaskets increase the stiffness of the connected parts by increasing the horizontal contact area. This results in a larger radial dimension of the gasket, which is larger than the size of the nut or bolt head. For the same radial dimension, a tapered surface has a larger force-bearing contact area than a horizontal surface. However, existing gaskets with tapered contact surfaces have a smaller cone angle, making the gasket easy to embed into the connected parts and inconvenient to disassemble. Gaskets with larger cone angles mostly only consider the centering effect of the cone and do not take advantage of the cone surface to increase the stiffness of the connected parts.

[0078] This application discloses a novel gasket for improving bolt stress distribution. This gasket, used in high-load pre-tightened bolt connections, comprises two parts: a conical surface (i.e., a frustum-shaped washer) and an annular surface (i.e., a ring-shaped washer). By mates the conical surface of the gasket with the conical surface of the connected component, it increases the stress-bearing area and stiffness of the connected component while maintaining a small radial dimension. In use, the conical surface of the gasket is recessed into the conical surface of the connected component, resulting in a small axial dimension for the entire bolt connection. Furthermore, the conical surface provides good centering, reducing uneven bolt stress. Additionally, the large cone angle of the conical surface increases the load-bearing area of ​​the connected component and prevents the conical surface from embedding into it. When external loads cause the gasket to wobble within the conical hole of the connected component, the annular surface provides elastic cushioning, reducing the impact on the bolt. The annular surface also facilitates gasket removal. This gasket is simple to manufacture, has a reliable structure, is reusable, has a wide range of applications, and possesses significant market value.

[0079] Specifically, the gasket in this embodiment has the following specific design:

[0080] Washer 1 includes a frustum (i.e., frustum-shaped washer 14) and an annulus (i.e., annular washer 12). The connection between the two has a transition fillet. The annulus has a 30° chamfer on the top and a 45° chamfer on the outer diameter. The cone angle of the frustum is 160° to 175°. The bolt hole of the connected part 4 has a cone hole with the same shape as the frustum.

[0081] The frustum-shaped washer 14 mates with the tapered hole of the connected part 4, which increases the stress area of ​​the connected part 4, improves its rigidity, and enhances the load-bearing capacity of the locking bolt (locking part 3) connection. Since the tapered surface is recessed into the tapered surface of the connected part 4, the entire bolt connection has a small axial dimension. The tapered surface has a good centering effect, restricting the translational movement of the washer 1 along the horizontal direction of the connected part 4, but allowing for slight rotation under large bending moment loads.

[0082] The cone angle of the frustum is 160° to 175°, that is, the angle between the inclined surface 144 of the frustum-shaped washer 14 and the annular washer 12 is 160° to 175°. The larger cone angle can increase the bearing area of ​​the connected parts 4 and prevent the cone surface from embedding into the connected parts 4. When the washer 1 shakes in the cone hole of the connected parts 4, the annular surface provides a certain elastic cushioning. In addition, the annular surface also facilitates the disassembly of the washer 1.

[0083] A transition fillet is provided between the truncated cone and the ring to reduce stress concentration at the connection between the two structures.

[0084] The 30° chamfer at the top of the ring helps to compensate for machining errors at the bolt root and facilitates bolt installation. The 45° chamfer on the outer diameter of the ring prevents hand scratches during installation.

[0085] The specific installation and usage method of washer 1 is as follows:

[0086] Washer 1 is used for bolted connections, such as... Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, first, the cone of washer 1 is inserted into the cone hole of the first connected member 42, forming a conical fit. Then, the locking bolt is passed through washer 1, the first connected member 42, and the second connected member 44. Next, another washer 1 is inserted through the end of the bolt, with the cone of washer 1 facing the connected member 4. Then, the nut 5 is screwed in so that the cone of washer 1 fits into the cone hole of the connected member. Finally, it is tightened to the desired state.

[0087] This washer 1 can also be used for stud connections, such as... Figure 9 As shown, firstly, the cone of the new washer 1 is inserted into the cone hole of the first connected member 42, forming a cone-shaped fit. Then, the stud is passed through the washer 1 and the first connected member 42, and then the stud is rotated to the threaded hole of the second connected member 44 so that the cone of the washer 1 fits into the cone hole of the first connected member 42. Finally, it is tightened to the desired state.

[0088] Normally, the size of the gasket for a horizontal fit is larger than that of the bolt head. Existing conical fit gaskets are prone to embedding into the connected parts, making disassembly inconvenient. In this embodiment, the washer 1 improves the bolt stress and can form a conical fit with the connected part 4, which increases the rigidity of the connected part 4, enhances the bolt load-bearing capacity, and restricts the translational movement between the washer 1 and the connected part 4 through the centering property of the cone. The large cone angle can prevent the conical surface from embedding into the connected part 4, and the ring facilitates disassembly.

[0089] The principle is explained as follows:

[0090] 1. Calculation of the force on the preloaded bolts:

[0091] The preloaded bolt is subjected to axial force, such as Figure 10 As shown.

[0092] Where F0 is the bolt preload and F1 is the applied axial force.

[0093] The total bolt tension F2 can be expressed as follows:

[0094] F2 = F0 + F1 × C b / (C b +C m );

[0095] In the above formula, C b For the stiffness of the bolt, C m C represents the stiffness of the connected parts. b / (C b +C m () represents relative stiffness.

[0096] As can be seen from this formula, increasing the stiffness of the connected parts is beneficial to enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the bolts.

[0097] Stiffness C of the connected parts m The calculation method can be found in the VDI2230 standard.

[0098] The stress-bearing area of ​​the connected parts is equivalent to a combination of two cones and one cylinder, such as... Figure 11 As shown.

[0099] Where, d w Where d is the outer diameter of the contact area between the bolt and the connected parts, L is the total thickness of the connected parts, and d is the outer diameter of the contact area between the bolt and the connected parts. h Let θ be the inner diameter of the bolt hole, h be the cone angle, h be the cone height, and d be the outer diameter of the bolt. A The width of the connected component.

[0100] The calculation of the stiffness of the connected parts is related to the contact pose of the bolt and the connected parts. Figure 12 This paper compares the stress areas of the connected parts for a tapered gasket and a flat gasket at the same angle θ. The thick dashed line represents the stress area of ​​the tapered gasket, and the thin dashed line represents the stress area of ​​the flat gasket.

[0101] according to Figure 12 It is known that a tapered shape can greatly improve the stiffness of the connected parts, which helps to improve the load-bearing capacity of the bolt.

[0102] In the embodiments according to this utility model, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "join," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "join" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments according to the specific circumstances.

[0103] Furthermore, although the operations are described in a specific order, this should be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in a specific order or sequential order, or requiring that all illustrated operations be performed to achieve the desired result. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this invention. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

[0104] Although the subject matter has been described using language describing specific structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

[0105] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A washer, characterized in that, include: An annular washer, including a first through hole; A frustum-shaped washer, along the axial direction of the first through hole, the annular washer includes a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other, the frustum-shaped washer is disposed on the first end face of the annular washer, the frustum-shaped washer includes a second through hole, the second through hole is disposed along the axial direction, and the second through hole communicates with the first through hole; The second end face of the annular washer, near the edge of the first through hole, has a first chamfer. The locking member can pass through the first through hole and the second through hole from one side of the second end face of the annular washer and connect to the connected member on the other side.

2. The washer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle of the first chamfer is greater than or equal to 15° and less than or equal to 45°.

3. The washer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frustum-shaped washer includes an inclined surface, and the angle between the inclined surface and the first end face of the annular washer is greater than or equal to 160° and less than or equal to 175°.

4. The washer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frustum-shaped washer includes an inclined surface, and a second chamfer is provided at the connection between the inclined surface and the first end face of the annular washer.

5. The washer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the radial direction of the first through hole, the length of the frustum-shaped washer is X1, the length of the annular washer is X2, and X1 / X2 is greater than or equal to 0.7; and / or Along the axial direction of the first through hole, the height of the frustum-shaped washer is H1, the height of the annular washer is H2, and H1 / H2 is less than or equal to 0.3; and / or The annular washer and the frustum-shaped washer are an integral structure.

6. The washer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular washer also includes a side end face, which is connected between the first end face and the second end face. A third chamfer is provided at the connection between the side end face and the first end face, and at the connection between the side end face and the second end face.

7. The washer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The angle of the third chamfer is greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 60°.

8. The washer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first end face of the annular washer is also provided with a groove and / or a ridge, and the groove and / or the ridge are arranged around the frustum-shaped washer.

9. The washer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The gasket also includes an anti-loosening structure: The annular washer is provided with the anti-loosening structure on its annular surface near the first through hole; and / or The anti-loosening structure is provided on the annular surface of the frustum-shaped washer near the second through hole.

10. A robot, characterized in that, include: The washer as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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