Ratchet mechanism and screw drill

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ratchet mechanism and a screw drill, and belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, the ratchet mechanism comprises a quadrangular slide bar, the slide bar is similar to a parallelogram in shape, two long sides of the slide bar are two parallel straight lines, two short sides of the slide bar are special curves, and contact points of the slide bar are two end points of a long diagonal line. Therefore, the contact area between the long edge of the sliding rod and the linear section of the stator is increased, and even if the tooth height of the inner hole of the stator is very low, the sliding rod can be blocked to prevent the rotor from rotating reversely. And the contact point and the long edge of the end part of the sliding rod can be propped against the linear section together, the backstop effect of reverse rotation is good, and the length of the linear section can be designed to be shorter, so that the stator tooth height is shorter and the wall thickness is thinner, and therefore, the stator is more suitable for being arranged in a narrow space and is conveniently applied to a screw drill. And meanwhile, the contact surface between the end part of the sliding rod and the gradually-heightened line on the stator can be increased, so that the contact stress is reduced, the generated friction force is reduced, the abrasion is small, and the service life is long.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of oil and gas drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a ratchet mechanism and a screw drill bit. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas extraction, power drilling tools are used to drive drill bits to drill into the formation. The downhole power drilling tools are driven by drilling fluid pumped in by surface equipment. When working, the drilling fluid is pumped into the downhole power drilling tools, and the power drilling tools convert hydraulic energy into kinetic energy, which drives the drill bit at the bottom of the well to rotate.

[0003] In related technology, a ratchet mechanism with publication number CN118998224A consists of a stator, a rotor, and a slide bar. The slide bar is hexagonal in shape, with two long sides being parallel straight lines and four short sides being special curves. The contact point is the intersection of the two short sides. When the slide bar moves along the sliding hole of the rotor, the extension of the motion trajectory of the contact point relative to the rotor coordinate system passes through the rotor axis. The shape of the stator inner hole consists of a constant-velocity helix, circular arcs, and straight line segments. When the rotor rotates clockwise, the contact point of the slide bar is pushed along the sliding hole by the constant-velocity helix of the stator, so the rotor rotates smoothly without obstruction. When the rotor rotates counterclockwise, the slide bar is blocked by the straight line segments on the stator, preventing the rotor from rotating.

[0004] Due to space constraints, such as in oil drilling wells, the stator wall of the screw drill bit is relatively thin, resulting in a relatively low tooth height in the stator's inner hole. When the slide bar rotates counterclockwise with the rotor, the stator tip and the short side of the slide bar come into contact. The stator tip pushes the slide bar to move along the sliding hole, causing the rotor's rotation to be unblocked by the straight section of the stator. This means that the ratchet mechanism fails to prevent the rotor from reversing. Furthermore, the contact area between the slide bar end and the stator is small, resulting in high contact stress, easy wear, and short lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings or deficiencies mentioned in the background technology, the present application provides a ratchet mechanism and a screw drill, which is suitable for thin-walled stators and narrow spaces with low tooth height, and has the advantages of low contact stress, low wear and long service life.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a design method for a ratchet mechanism, the method comprising:

[0007] Determine the number of ratchet teeth in the stator inner hole, and the shape of the ratchet teeth composed of asymptotic lines, straight segments, and circular arcs. Determine the angle formed by the line connecting the two ends of the asymptotic lines to the center of the stator, and the length of the straight segments.

[0008] The initial shape of the inner slide bar of the rotor is set as a parallelogram. The length of the long diagonal of the slide bar and the angle formed by the long side of the slide bar and the long diagonal of the slide bar are determined.

[0009] Based on the length of the long diagonal of the slide rod and the angle formed by the long side and the long diagonal of the slide rod, determine the starting position of the slide rod in the stator and the contact point between the slide rod and the stator;

[0010] Based on the angle formed by the lines connecting the two ends of the amplitude line to the center of the stator, and the length of the straight line segment, the sliding rod rotates within the stator, and the trajectory of the contact point on the sliding rod is determined as the trajectory line of the amplitude line.

[0011] Determine the position of the apex formed by the ascending line and the straight line segment, and use the trajectory line left by the apex on the slide rod when the rotor rotates as the curve of the short side of the slide rod end.

[0012] In a first aspect, in some embodiments, the initial position of the slide rod within the stator and the contact point between the slide rod and the stator are determined based on the length of the long diagonal of the slide rod and the angle formed by the long side and the long diagonal of the slide rod, including:

[0013] With the center of the slide bar as the origin and the long diagonal of the slide bar as the X1 axis, construct a coordinate system X1O1Y1;

[0014] After moving the coordinate system X1O1Y1 downwards along the long side of the slide bar by half the length of the straight line segment, the resulting new coordinate system is used as the coordinate system XOY with the origin coinciding with the center of the stator circle.

[0015] Using the position of the slider in the XOY coordinate system as the starting position, determine the coordinates of the left contact point on the slider.

[0016] In a first aspect, in some embodiments, the trajectory of the contact point on the slide bar is determined as the trajectory line of the amplitude line by simulating the rotation of the slide bar within the stator based on the angle formed by the lines connecting the two ends of the amplitude line to the center of the stator and the length of the straight line segment, including:

[0017] With the origin of the coordinate system XOY as the center of rotation, the slide bar is rotated along the working direction and moved downward along the long side. The moving speed is proportional to the rotation speed. The rotation angle is equal to the angle formed by the lines connecting the two ends of the asymptote to the center of the stator circle. The moving length is equal to the length of the straight line segment. The trajectory equation of the left contact point on the slide bar is determined as the trajectory equation of the asymptote.

[0018] In a first aspect, in some embodiments, the trajectory equation of the asymptotic line is:

[0019] x=[-L / 2-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)cosθ]cosφ-[-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)sinθ]sinφ;

[0020] y=-[-L / 2-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)cosθ]sinφ-[-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)sinθ]cosφ;

[0021] Where L is the length of the long diagonal of the slide bar, h is the length of the straight segment, n is the number of teeth, θ is the angle between the long diagonal of the slide bar and the long side, and φ is the angle by which the rotor drives the slide bar to rotate clockwise from the starting position. The value of φ ranges from 0° to 180° / n.

[0022] In a first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the position of the apex formed by the ascending line and the straight line segment, and using the trajectory line left by the apex on the stator on the slide bar during rotor rotation as the curve of the short side of the slide bar end includes:

[0023] Determine the coordinates of the cusp formed by the asymptote and the straight line segment in the XOY coordinate system;

[0024] Rotate the rotor to move the left contact point on the slide bar along the trajectory of the asymptotic line, and determine the equation of the trajectory line left by the cusp on the stator in the coordinate system XOY when the rotor rotates;

[0025] The part where the trajectory line left by the stator tip in the XOY coordinate system when the rotor rotates intersects with the slide bar is taken as the curve of the short side of the slide bar end.

[0026] In a first aspect, in some embodiments, the equation of the trajectory line left by the stator cusp in the coordinate system X1O1Y1 when the rotor rotates is:

[0027] x1=acosφ-bsinφ+h(0.5-nφ / 180)cosθ;

[0028] y1=asinφ+bcosφ-h(0.5-nφ / 180)sinθ;

[0029] Where a is the x-coordinate of the cusp in the XOY coordinate system, b is the y-coordinate of the cusp in the XOY coordinate system, φ is the angle by which the rotor drives the slide rod to rotate clockwise from the starting position, and the value of φ ranges from 0° to 180° / n, and θ is the angle between the long diagonal of the slide rod and the long side.

[0030] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a ratchet mechanism, manufactured using any of the design methods described above, comprising:

[0031] The stator has an inner hole and ratchet teeth located in the inner hole and distributed in a circular pattern. Each ratchet tooth is composed of a progressive line, a straight line segment and a circular arc line connected in sequence.

[0032] The rotor has a sliding rod slidably mounted on it. The sliding rod is quadrilateral in shape and includes two parallel long sides and two centrally symmetrical short sides. Both short sides are curved surfaces, and the radius of curvature of the curved surfaces gradually decreases along the direction of rotation.

[0033] Secondly, in some embodiments, the diameter of the arc is equal to the major diameter of the acuminate line, and the radius of curvature of the acuminate line gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the slide bar.

[0034] Secondly, in some embodiments, each end of the slide bar is provided with a contact point, and the line connecting the two contact points is the long diagonal of the slide bar.

[0035] Secondly, in some embodiments, the curve of the surface is the trajectory line left by the stator tip on the slide bar when the rotor rotates.

[0036] Secondly, in some embodiments, half of the sum of the major and minor diameters of the acuminate line is equal to or greater than the length of the long diagonal on the slide bar.

[0037] Secondly, in some embodiments, the contact point on the slide rod and the sharp point on the stator are both rounded.

[0038] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a screw drill bit, comprising:

[0039] The ratchet mechanism described in any of the above.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include:

[0041] This application provides a ratchet mechanism and a screw drill. Because the slide bar is shaped like a parallelogram, with two long sides being parallel straight lines and two short sides being special curves, and the contact points of the slide bar being the two endpoints of the long diagonal, the contact area between the long side of the slide bar and the straight section of the stator is increased. Even if the tooth height of the stator's inner hole is very low, the slide bar can still be stopped, preventing the rotor from reversing. Furthermore, the contact point at the end of the slide bar and the long side can abut against the straight section together, resulting in good stopping effect against reverse rotation. The length of the straight section can be designed to be shorter, resulting in a lower stator tooth height and thinner wall thickness, making it more suitable for arrangement in confined spaces and convenient for application in screw drills. Simultaneously, the contact surface between the end of the slide bar and the gradually increasing line on the stator can be increased, reducing contact stress and friction, thus reducing wear and extending service life. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet mechanism according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slide bar structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slide bar frame according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the initial position of the slide frame according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the initial positions of the stator, rotor, and slide bar in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the generation of a gradient line in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor at angle φ according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the curve generated at the left end of the slider according to an embodiment of this application.

[0052] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0053] 10. Stator; 11. Gradient; 12. Circular arc; 13. Straight segment; 14. Rotor; 15. Slide rod; 16. Long side; 17. Right end curve; 18. Long diagonal; 19. Left contact point; 20. Right contact point; 21. Ordinary trajectory line; 22. Tip; 23. Tip trajectory line; 24. Second ray; 25. First ray; 26. Left end curve. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] In view of the shortcomings or deficiencies mentioned in the background technology, the present application provides a ratchet mechanism and a screw drill, which is suitable for thin-walled stators and narrow spaces with low tooth height, and has the advantages of low contact stress, low wear and long service life.

[0056] See Figures 1 to 9As shown, the first aspect of this application provides a design method for a ratchet mechanism, the method comprising:

[0057] S1. Determine the number of ratchet teeth in the inner hole of stator 10, and the shape of the ratchet teeth composed of the contour line 11, the straight line segment 13 and the arc line 12. Determine the angle formed by the line connecting the two ends of the contour line 11 with the center of stator 10, and the length of the straight line segment 13.

[0058] S2. Set the initial shape of the slide bar 15 inside the rotor 14 to a parallelogram, determine the length of the long diagonal 18 of the slide bar 15, and the angle formed by the long side 16 of the slide bar 15 and the long diagonal 18 of the slide bar 15.

[0059] S3. Based on the length of the long diagonal 18 of the slide rod 15 and the angle formed by the long side 16 and the long diagonal 18 of the slide rod 15, determine the starting position of the slide rod 15 in the stator 10 and the contact point between the slide rod 15 and the stator 10.

[0060] S4. Based on the angle formed by the lines connecting the two ends of the gradient line 11 with the center of the stator 10, and the length of the straight segment 13, simulate the rotation of the slide rod 15 within the stator 10, and determine the trajectory of the contact point on the slide rod 15 as the trajectory line of the gradient line 11.

[0061] S5. Determine the position of the apex 22 formed by the ascending line 11 and the straight line segment 13, and use the trajectory line left by the apex 22 on the stator 10 on the slide rod 15 when the rotor 14 rotates as the curve of the short side of the end of the slide rod 15.

[0062] The design method of the ratchet mechanism in this application first determines the basic line shape of the ratchet teeth in the stator 10, and then cleverly designs the shape of the slide bar 15, making the shape of the slide bar 15 similar to a parallelogram. The trajectory of the asymptotic line 11 is deduced by using the running trajectory of the contact point at the end of the long diagonal 18 of the slide bar 15.

[0063] Finally, the trajectory line left by the cusp 22 on the stator 10 on the slide rod 15 when the rotor 14 rotates is used as the curve of the short side of the end of the slide rod 15. This ensures that when the slide rod 15 rotates, the short side of the end of the slide rod 15 will not interfere with the asymptotic line 11, and the contact area is maximized. This allows the curve of the end of the slide rod 15 to almost completely contact the asymptotic line 11 on the stator 10. The increased contact area reduces the contact stress and friction, resulting in less wear and a longer service life.

[0064] Furthermore, the contact point and long side of the end of the slide rod 15 can abut against the straight section 13 together, which has a good stopping effect for reverse rotation. The length of the straight section 13 can be designed to be shorter, making the stator 10 tooth height lower and the wall thickness thinner, thus making it more suitable for arrangement in narrow spaces and convenient for application on screw drills.

[0065] It should be noted that the ratchet mechanism of this application consists of a stator 10, a rotor 14, and a slide bar 15. The slide bar 15 is shaped similarly to a parallelogram, with its two long sides 16 being two parallel straight lines and its two short sides being special curves. The contact points of the slide bar 15 are the two endpoints of the long diagonal 18 of the parallelogram. Since the long sides of the parallelogram are longer than those of the hexagon, the contact area between the long side 16 and the straight segment 13 of the stator 10 is increased. Therefore, even if the tooth height of the inner hole of the stator 10 is very low, it can still block the slide bar 15 and prevent the rotor 14 from reversing.

[0066] When the slide bar 15 moves along the sliding hole of the rotor 14, the trajectory of the contact point relative to the axis of the rotor 14 lies on the long side of the slide bar 15, and the extension of the trajectory does not pass through the axis of the rotor 14. If the inner hole profile of the stator 10 still adopts a constant velocity spiral, the moving speed of the slide bar 15 relative to the rotor 14 will change abruptly. In order to ensure that the slide bar 15 moves at a constant speed relative to the rotor 14, a completely new profile (called an acuminate line) is used to replace the constant velocity spiral. That is, it can be ensured that when the slide bar 15 rotates along the acuminate line 11, it slides at a constant speed relative to the rotor 14.

[0067] Firstly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a design method for a ratchet mechanism. In step S3 of this design method, based on the length of the long diagonal 18 of the slide bar 15 and the angle formed by the long side 16 and the long diagonal 18 of the slide bar 15, the starting position of the slide bar 15 within the stator 10 and the contact point between the slide bar 15 and the stator 10 are determined, including:

[0068] S31. With the center of slide bar 15 as the origin and the long diagonal 18 of slide bar 15 as the X1 axis, construct a coordinate system X1O1Y1;

[0069] S32. Move the coordinate system X1O1Y1 downward along the long side 16 of the slide bar 15 by half the length of the straight line segment 13, and the resulting new coordinate system is used as the coordinate system XOY with the origin coinciding with the center of the stator 10.

[0070] S33. Using the position of slide bar 15 in the XOY coordinate system as the starting position, determine the coordinates of the left contact point 19 on slide bar 15.

[0071] In this embodiment, the center of the slide rod 15 and the long diagonal 18 are used as the X1 axis to construct a coordinate system X1O1Y1. After translating the coordinate system X1O1Y1 along the long side 16, the center position of the stator 10 and the coordinate system XOY that coincides with the center of the stator 10 can be obtained. Then, the coordinates of the left contact point 19 on the slide rod 15 in the coordinate system XOY can be determined, which facilitates the subsequent simulation of the rotation of the left contact point 19 to obtain the trajectory of the asymptotic line 11.

[0072] Firstly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a design method for a ratchet mechanism. In step S4 of this design method, based on the angle formed by the lines connecting the two ends of the asymptotic line 11 to the center of the stator 10, and the length of the straight segment 13, the sliding rod 15 is simulated to rotate within the stator 10, and the trajectory of the contact point on the sliding rod 15 is determined as the trajectory line of the asymptotic line 11. This includes:

[0073] With the origin of the coordinate system XOY as the center of rotation, the slide bar 15 is rotated along the working direction and moved downward along the long side 16. The moving speed is proportional to the rotation speed. The rotation angle is equal to the angle formed by the lines connecting the two ends of the asymptote 11 and the center of the stator 10. The moving length is equal to the length of the straight line segment 13. The trajectory equation of the left contact point 19 on the slide bar 15 is determined as the trajectory equation of the asymptote 11.

[0074] This embodiment simulates the rotation of the slide rod 15 within the stator 10. Since the trajectory of the contact point on the slide rod 15 coincides with the trajectory of the acuminate line 11 within the angle corresponding to the acuminate line 11, the trajectory equation of the acuminate line 11 can be determined using the trajectory equation of the left contact point 19 on the slide rod 15. This ensures that when the slide rod 15 slides along the acuminate line 11, the rotational speed of the slide rod 15 and the sliding speed of the slide rod 15 along the rotor 14 are proportional.

[0075] Firstly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a design method for a ratchet mechanism is provided. The trajectory equation of the asymptote 11 in this design method is as follows:

[0076] x=[-L / 2-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)cosθ]cosφ-[-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)sinθ]sinφ;

[0077] y=-[-L / 2-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)cosθ]sinφ-[-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)sinθ]cosφ;

[0078] Where L is the length of the long diagonal 18 on the slide rod 15, h is the length of the straight segment 13, n is the number of teeth, θ is the angle between the long diagonal 18 on the slide rod 15 and the long side 16, and φ is the angle by which the rotor 14 drives the slide rod 15 to rotate clockwise from the starting position. The value of φ ranges from 0° to 180° / n.

[0079] In this embodiment, L, h, n, and θ are fixed values ​​that can be set independently, while φ is a range value. For example, in this embodiment, n is 3, and the range of φ is 0° to 60°. φ takes multiple different values, which are substituted into the formula to calculate the point coordinates. The line connecting the multiple point coordinates is the trajectory line of the asymptote 11 in the second quadrant. The positions of other asymptotes 11 can be obtained by using a central array. The diameter of the arc 12 is equal to the major diameter of the asymptote 11.

[0080] Firstly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a design method for a ratchet mechanism. S5 of this design method, determining the position of the apex 22 formed by the ascending line 11 and the straight line segment 13, and using the trajectory line left by the apex 22 on the stator 10 on the slide bar 15 when the rotor 14 rotates as the curve of the short side of the end of the slide bar 15, includes:

[0081] S51. Determine the coordinates of the cusp 22 formed by the asymptote 11 and the straight line segment 13 in the XOY coordinate system;

[0082] S52. Rotate rotor 14 to move left contact point 19 on slide bar 15 along the trajectory line of asymptotic line 11, and determine the equation of the trajectory line left by the cusp 22 on stator 10 in coordinate system X1O1Y1 when rotor 14 rotates.

[0083] S53. The part where the trajectory line left by the cusp 22 on the stator 10 in the coordinate system X1O1Y1 when the rotor 14 rotates intersects with the slide rod 15 is taken as the curve of the short side of the end of the slide rod 15.

[0084] In this embodiment, the cusp 22 on the acuminate line 11 is used to reversely determine the curve of the short side of the end of the slide bar 15. Since the radius of curvature at the cusp 22 on the acuminate line 11 is the smallest, it ensures that the left contact point 19 remains in contact during the rotation of the slide bar 15 along the acuminate line 11, and the short side curve of the slide bar 15 will not interfere with the acuminate line 11. This application uses the coordinate system X1O1Y1 on the slide bar 15 as the reference system to reversely solve the equation of the trajectory line left by the cusp 22 on the stator 10 in the coordinate system X1O1Y1 when the rotor 14 rotates. It represents the running trajectory of the cusp 22 as observed from the perspective of the slide bar 15. The part of the slide bar 15 that exceeds the running trajectory is the interference part, and the part that does not exceed the running trajectory will not interfere.

[0085] Therefore, taking the part where the trajectory line intersects with the slide bar 15 as the curve of the short side of the end of the slide bar 15 can ensure that the curve of the short side of the slide bar 15 will not interfere with the gradual curve 11, while ensuring the maximum contact area, low contact stress, low wear, and long service life.

[0086] Firstly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9As shown, this application provides a design method for a ratchet mechanism. The equation of the trajectory left by the cusp 22 on the stator 10 in the coordinate system X1O1Y1 when the rotor 14 rotates is:

[0087] x1=acosφ-bsinφ+h(0.5-nφ / 180)cosθ;

[0088] y1=asinφ+bcosφ-h(0.5-nφ / 180)sinθ;

[0089] Where a is the x-coordinate of cusp 22 in the XOY coordinate system, b is the y-coordinate of cusp 22 in the XOY coordinate system, φ is the angle by which rotor 14 drives slide rod 15 to rotate clockwise from the starting position, and the value of φ ranges from 0° to 180° / n, and θ is the angle between the long diagonal 18 and the long side 16 of slide rod 15.

[0090] In this embodiment of the application, n is 3, and the value of φ ranges from 0° to 60°. φ takes multiple different values, which are substituted into the formula to calculate the coordinates of the points. The line connecting the coordinates of the multiple points is the trajectory line left by the cusp 22 on the stator 10 in the coordinate system X1O1Y1 when the rotor 14 rotates.

[0091] For example, the design method of the ratchet mechanism in this embodiment is as follows:

[0092] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the stator 10 has a three-tooth straight inner hole (number of teeth n=3). The shape of each tooth consists of an acuminate line 11, an arc line 12 (the diameter of which is the major diameter of the acuminate line 11), and a straight line segment 13 (connecting one end of the arc line 12 and the minor diameter of the acuminate line 11). The cusp 22 refers to the intersection of the acuminate line 11 and the straight line segment 13 on the stator 10. The length of the straight line segment 13 is h. The coordinate system of the stator 10 is (XOY).

[0093] The rotor 14 has a sliding hole in the direction of the vertical axis, and a sliding rod 15 is installed in the sliding hole. The sliding rod 15 is shaped like a parallelogram and has an axisymmetric structure, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the two long sides 16 are two parallel straight lines, and the two short sides are special curves. For ease of description, the left short side is called the left curve 26, and the right short side is called the right curve 17. The two endpoints of the long diagonal 18 are the contact points of the slider 15. For ease of description, these contact points are called the left contact point 19 and the right contact point 20. The length of the long diagonal 18 of the slider 15 is L, and the angle between it and the long side 16 is θ.

[0094] Draw the frame diagram of slide bar 15, as follows: Figure 4As shown, the coordinate system of slider 15 is (X1O1Y1). The long diagonal 18 coincides with the X1 axis, and its midpoint coincides with the origin O1. A first ray 25 is drawn along the long side 16 through the left contact point 19, and a second ray 24 is drawn along the long side 16 through the right contact point 20.

[0095] Move the frame of slide bar 15 to the lower right along the long side 16, the distance of which is h / 2. Figure 5 As shown. The corresponding positions of rotor 14, slide bar 15, and stator 10 at this time are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the position of rotor 14 at this time is defined as the starting position.

[0096] Move the slide bar frame 15 downwards and to the right along the long side 16 by a distance h. Simultaneously, rotate the slide bar frame 60° (180° / n) clockwise around the origin, maintaining the linkage between movement and rotation, i.e., the movement speed and rotation speed are directly proportional. Figure 7 As shown, the left contact point 19 will leave a trajectory line in the coordinate system XOY. This trajectory line is the asymptote 11 on the stator, and its equation is:

[0097] x=[-L / 2-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)cosθ]cosφ-[-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)sinθ]sinφ

[0098] y=-[-L / 2-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)cosθ]sinφ-[-h(0.5-nφ / 180°)sinθ]cosφ

[0099] φ represents the rotor 14 driving the slide bar 15 from... Figure 6 The angle of clockwise rotation from the starting position ranges from 0 to 180° / n, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0100] exist Figure 2 Take a point on the asymptote 11, and assume its coordinates are (x0, y0). Since the slide bar 15 slides within the sliding hole of the rotor 14 during operation and rotates with the rotor 14, the point (x0, y0) on the asymptote will leave a common trajectory line 21 on the coordinate system (X1O1Y1) of the slide bar 15, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown.

[0101] Since the distance between the origin O of the stator 10 coordinate system and the origin O1 of the slide bar 15 coordinate system is h / 2 when the rotor 14 is in the initial position, as follows: Figure 5As shown, in the coordinate system (X1O1Y1) of slide bar 15, the coordinates of the origin O of the coordinate system of stator 10 are (0.5hcosθ, -0.5hsinθ). When slide bar 15 rotates φ with rotor 14, slide bar 15 will slide relative to rotor 14. The distance between the origin O of the coordinate system of stator 10 and the origin O1 of the coordinate system of slide bar 15 is h(0.5-nφ / 180). Therefore, in the coordinate system (X1O1Y1) of slide bar 15, the coordinates of the origin O of the coordinate system of stator 10 are [h(0.5-nφ / 180)cosθ, -h(0.5-nφ / 180)sinθ].

[0102] Since there is a relative rotation angle φ between stator 10 and slide bar 15, the equation of ordinary trajectory line 21 is:

[0103] x1′=x0cosφ-y0sinφ+h(0.5-nφ / 180)cosθ

[0104] y1′=x0sinφ+y0cosφ-h(0.5-nφ / 180)sinθ

[0105] The stator tip 22 will also leave a tip trajectory line 23 on the slide bar 15, such as Figure 9 As shown. Assuming the coordinates of the stator cusp in the second quadrant are (a, b), then...

[0106] a=(-L / 2+0.5hcosθ)cos(180° / n)-0.5hsinθsin(180° / n)

[0107] b=-(-L / 2+0.5hcosθ)sin(180° / n)-0.5hsinθcos(180° / n)

[0108] If we replace the point (x0, y0) on the asymptote 11 with the cusp (a, b), then the equation of the cusp trajectory line 23 is:

[0109] x1=acosφ-bsinφ+h(0.5-nφ / 180)cosθ

[0110] y1=asinφ+bcosφ-h(0.5-nφ / 180)sinθ

[0111] After comparative analysis, the cusp trajectory line 23 is to the right of all ordinary trajectory lines 21, such as... Figure 9 As shown, according to the principle of motion envelope, the left side of the cusp trajectory line 23 will interfere with the stator asymptote 11. Therefore, the curve 26 at the left end of the slide rod 15 is part of the curve that intersects with the cusp trajectory line 23. This ensures that the curve 26 at the left end of the slide rod 15 will not interfere with the stator asymptote 11, and maximizes the contact area. Figure 6 and Figure 8 The curve at the left end of the slide bar 15 is in almost complete contact with the gradual curve 11, resulting in low contact stress, low wear, and long service life.

[0112] In summary, the ratchet mechanism with a parallelogram-like shape of slide bar 15 is more suitable for thin-walled stators and narrow spaces with low tooth height, and has low contact stress, low wear, and long service life.

[0113] See Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a second aspect of this application provides a ratchet mechanism, manufactured using the design method of any of the above embodiments, comprising:

[0114] The stator 10 has an inner hole and ratchet teeth located in the inner hole and distributed in a circular pattern. Each ratchet tooth is composed of a progressive line 11, a straight line segment 13 and a circular arc line 12 connected in sequence.

[0115] The rotor 14 has a sliding rod 15 slidably mounted on it. The sliding rod 15 is quadrilateral in shape and includes two parallel long sides 16 and two centrally symmetrical short sides. Both short sides are curved surfaces, and the radius of curvature of the curved surfaces gradually decreases along the direction of rotation.

[0116] The ratchet mechanism of this embodiment consists of a stator 10, a rotor 14, and a slide bar 15. The slide bar 15 is shaped like a parallelogram, with its two long sides 16 being two parallel straight lines and its two short sides being special curves. The contact points of the slide bar 15 are the two endpoints of the long diagonal 18. Since the long sides of the parallelogram are longer than those of the hexagon, the contact area between the long sides 16 and the straight line segment 13 of the stator 10 is increased. Therefore, even if the tooth height of the inner hole of the stator 10 is very low, the slide bar 15 can be blocked, preventing the rotor 14 from reversing.

[0117] Furthermore, the contact point and long side of the end of the slide rod 15 can abut against the straight section 13 together, which has a good stopping effect for reverse rotation. The length of the straight section 13 can be designed to be shorter, making the stator 10 tooth height lower and the wall thickness thinner, thus making it more suitable for arrangement in narrow spaces and convenient for application on screw drills.

[0118] Secondly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a ratchet mechanism in which the diameter of the arc 12 is equal to the major diameter of the acuminate line 11, and the radius of curvature of the acuminate line 11 gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the slide bar 15.

[0119] In this embodiment, the diameter of the arc 12 is equal to the major diameter of the gradient 11, which allows for a smooth transition between the two. It should be noted that the major diameter of the gradient 11 is the maximum diameter of the gradient 11.

[0120] The radius of curvature of the acuminate line 11 gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the slide rod 15, which ensures that when the slide rod 15 slides along the acuminate line 11, the rotation speed of the slide rod 15 and the sliding speed of the slide rod 15 along the rotor 14 are proportional, that is, it can ensure that the slide rod 15 moves at a constant speed relative to the rotor 14.

[0121] Secondly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a ratchet mechanism, in which a contact point is provided at each end of the slide bar 15, and the line connecting the two contact points is the long diagonal 18 of the slide bar 15;

[0122] In this embodiment, both ends of the slide rod 15 can contact the stator. Half of the sum of the major and minor diameters of the gradient line 11 is equal to the length of the long diagonal 18 on the slide rod 15, ensuring a compact overall structure.

[0123] Secondly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a ratchet mechanism, the curve of which is the trajectory line left by the tip of the stator 10 on the slide bar 15 when the rotor 14 rotates.

[0124] In this embodiment, the curve of the end surface of the slide bar 15 is the trajectory line left by the tip of the stator 10 on the slide bar 15 when the rotor 14 rotates. This ensures that the short side curve of the slide bar 15 will not interfere with the asymptotic line 11, while ensuring the maximum contact area, low contact stress, low wear, and long service life.

[0125] Secondly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a ratchet mechanism in which half of the sum of the major and minor diameters of the amplitude line 11 is equal to or greater than the length of the long diagonal 18 on the slide bar 15.

[0126] In this embodiment, half of the sum of the major and minor diameters of the gradient line 11 is equal to or greater than the length of the long diagonal 18 on the slide rod 15, which ensures that the slide rod 15 rotates smoothly within the stator 10.

[0127] Secondly, in some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a ratchet mechanism in which the contact point on the slide bar 15 and the sharp point on the stator 10 are both rounded.

[0128] In this embodiment, both the contact point on the slide bar 15 and the sharp point on the stator 10 are rounded, which can improve wear resistance and service life.

[0129] See Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a third aspect of this application provides a screw drill bit, comprising:

[0130] The ratchet mechanism of any of the above embodiments.

[0131] The ratchet mechanism adopted in the embodiments of this application has the advantages of the ratchet mechanism described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0132] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0133] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0134] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A ratchet mechanism, characterized in that, include: The stator (10) is provided with an inner hole and ratchet teeth located in the inner hole and distributed in a circular pattern. Each ratchet tooth is composed of a progressive line (11), a straight line segment (13) and an arc line (12) connected in sequence. The rotor (14) has a sliding rod (15) slidably mounted on it. The sliding rod (15) is quadrilateral in shape and includes two parallel long sides (16) and two centrally symmetrical short sides. Both short sides are curved surfaces, and the radius of curvature of the curved surfaces gradually decreases along the direction of rotation.

2. The ratchet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the arc (12) is equal to the major diameter of the acuminate line (11), and the radius of curvature of the acuminate line (11) gradually decreases along the rotation direction of the slide bar (15).

3. The ratchet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each end of the slide rod (15) is provided with a contact point, and the line connecting the two contact points is the long diagonal (18) of the slide rod (15).

4. The ratchet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The curve is the trajectory line left by the tip of the stator (10) on the slide bar (15) when the rotor (14) rotates.

5. The ratchet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Half of the sum of the major and minor diameters of the acuminate line (11) is equal to or greater than the length of the long diagonal (18) on the slide rod (15).

6. The ratchet mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the contact point on the slide rod (15) and the sharp point on the stator (10) are rounded.

7. A screw drill bit, characterized in that, include: The ratchet mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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