Lead-acid battery system and vehicle

Abstract

According to the lead-acid battery system and the vehicle, the input end of a lead-acid battery management system is connected with a lead-acid battery pack, the first end of a lead-acid battery charger is connected with the first output end of the lead-acid battery management system, and the second end of the lead-acid battery charger is connected with the lead-acid battery pack; the cloud platform is connected with the second output end of the lead-acid battery management system through the vehicle-mounted networking equipment; the lead-acid battery management system is used for collecting basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack; the lead-acid battery charger is used for charging the lead-acid battery pack according to the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system; the cloud platform is used for receiving the basic parameter information sent by the vehicle-mounted networking equipment and pushing early warning information to a user; the charging strategy is adjusted through the lead-acid battery charger according to the basic parameter information so as to avoid thermal runaway, and the early warning information is pushed to the user through the cloud platform so that the user can cut off the power supply in time so as to avoid thermal runaway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a lead-acid battery system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global emphasis on environmental protection and energy conservation, electric two-wheelers are becoming an important option for low-carbon travel, and their market demand continues to grow.

[0003] The batteries used in electric two-wheelers can be lithium batteries or lead-acid batteries. Lead-acid batteries have the advantages of low cost and price, high safety, strong environmental adaptability, and large discharge current. However, lead-acid batteries may experience thermal runaway during charging or discharging. This is because the increase in battery temperature and current promotes each other, causing the internal temperature of the battery to reach over 120 degrees Celsius. Thermal runaway can lead to safety risks.

[0004] How to reduce the thermal runaway phenomenon in lead-acid batteries during use is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a lead-acid battery system and vehicle to reduce the possibility of thermal runaway of lead-acid batteries during use.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a lead-acid battery system, including: a lead-acid battery management system, a lead-acid battery charger, and a cloud platform;

[0007] The input terminal of the lead-acid battery management system is connected to the lead-acid battery pack, the first terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the first output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system, the second terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the lead-acid battery pack, and the cloud platform is connected to the second output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system through vehicle networking equipment.

[0008] The lead-acid battery management system is used to collect basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack;

[0009] The lead-acid battery charger is used to charge the lead-acid battery pack according to the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system.

[0010] The cloud platform is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the vehicle-mounted network device and push warning information to the user; the vehicle-mounted network device is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system.

[0011] Optionally, the lead-acid battery management system includes: a data acquisition unit, a main controller, and a first-line transceiver circuit;

[0012] One end of the data acquisition unit is the input terminal of the lead-acid battery management system, and the other end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the main controller. The main controller is also connected to one end of the first one-line transceiver circuit, and the other end of the first one-line transceiver circuit is the first output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system.

[0013] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire simulated data representing the basic parameter information and send the simulated data to the main controller;

[0014] The main controller is used to determine the corresponding basic parameter information based on the received analog data, and send the basic parameter information to the first one-line transceiver circuit.

[0015] The first one-line transceiver circuit is used to send the basic parameter information to the lead-acid battery charger.

[0016] Optionally, the lead-acid battery charger includes: a second one-wire transceiver circuit, a charger logic control unit, and a charger power unit;

[0017] One end of the second one-line transceiver circuit is the first end of the lead-acid battery charger and is connected to the first one-line transceiver circuit. The other end of the second one-line transceiver circuit is connected to one end of the charger logic control unit. The other end of the charger logic control unit is connected to one end of the charger power unit. The other end of the charger power unit is the second end of the lead-acid battery charger.

[0018] The second one-line transceiver circuit is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the first one-line transceiver circuit and send the basic parameter information to the charger logic control unit;

[0019] The charger logic control unit is used to determine charging information based on the basic parameter information and send the charging information to the charger power unit;

[0020] The charger power unit is used to charge the lead-acid battery pack according to the charging information.

[0021] Optionally, the lead-acid battery management system further includes: an RS485 transceiver circuit and an RS485 automatic wake-up circuit;

[0022] The first terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to the main controller, the second terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to one terminal of the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit, the third terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to the vehicle networking device through a wired communication bus, and the other terminal of the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit is connected to the main controller.

[0023] The RS485 transceiver circuit is used to send the data information to the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit when data information is detected on the wired communication bus.

[0024] The RS485 automatic wake-up circuit is used to send an interrupt signal and transmit it to the main controller after receiving the data information;

[0025] The main controller is used to wake up the RS485 transceiver circuit after receiving the interrupt signal, and send the basic parameter information to the vehicle networking device through the RS485 transceiver circuit.

[0026] Optionally, the second one-line transceiver circuit is also used to receive the charging information sent by the charger logic control unit;

[0027] The first one-line transceiver circuit is also used to receive the charging information sent by the second one-line transceiver circuit and send the charging information to the main controller;

[0028] The main controller is also used to send the charging information to the vehicle networking device through the RS485 transceiver circuit.

[0029] Optionally, the lead-acid battery management system further includes: a BUCK power conversion unit, the input terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery pack, and the first output terminal of which is connected to the main controller;

[0030] The BUCK power conversion unit is used to convert a high input voltage into a low output voltage and supply the low output voltage to the main controller.

[0031] Optionally, the data acquisition unit includes: a current acquisition operational amplifier circuit and a reference voltage unit; a sampling resistor is provided between the positive and negative terminals of the lead-acid battery pack;

[0032] The input terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the second output terminal of the BUCK power conversion unit, the first output terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the first input terminal of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit, and the second output terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the main controller; the second and third input terminals of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor, and the output terminal of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit is connected to the main controller.

[0033] The reference voltage unit is used to output a reference voltage to the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit;

[0034] The current acquisition operational amplifier circuit is used to acquire the voltage of the sampling resistor, amplify the voltage value, obtain the output voltage based on the reference voltage, and send the output voltage to the main controller;

[0035] The main controller is used to determine the actual current for charging or discharging the lead-acid battery pack based on the output voltage.

[0036] Optionally, the data acquisition unit includes a temperature acquisition circuit; a battery temperature sensor is provided on the lead-acid battery pack, one end of the temperature acquisition circuit is connected to the battery temperature sensor, and the other end of the temperature acquisition circuit is connected to the main controller; the temperature acquisition circuit includes a fixed resistor, and the fixed resistor and the thermistor of the battery temperature sensor form a resistive voltage divider.

[0037] The temperature acquisition circuit is used to acquire the voltage value of the resistor divider and send the voltage value to the main controller;

[0038] The main controller is used to determine the resistance value of the thermistor based on the voltage value of the resistor divider, so as to determine the actual temperature of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0039] Optionally, the data acquisition unit includes a voltage acquisition circuit, one end of which is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery pack, and the other end of which is connected to the main controller.

[0040] The voltage acquisition circuit is used to acquire the total voltage of the reduced-size lead-acid battery pack.

[0041] The main controller is used to determine the actual voltage of the lead-acid battery pack based on the total voltage after the reduction process.

[0042] Secondly, this application provides a vehicle including: a lead-acid battery pack, and a lead-acid battery system as described in the first aspect.

[0043] The lead-acid battery system and vehicle provided in this application are connected to a lead-acid battery pack via the input terminal of a lead-acid battery management system. The first terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the first output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system, and the second terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the lead-acid battery pack. The cloud platform is connected to the second output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system via an in-vehicle networking device. The lead-acid battery management system is used to collect basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack. The lead-acid battery charger is used to charge the lead-acid battery pack according to the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system. The cloud platform is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the in-vehicle networking device and push warning information to the user. The in-vehicle networking device receives the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system, adjusts the charging strategy according to the basic parameter information via the lead-acid battery charger to avoid thermal runaway, and pushes warning information to the user via the cloud platform so that the user can disconnect the power in time to avoid thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lead-acid battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another lead-acid battery system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0052] Lead-acid batteries are commonly used in electric two-wheelers due to their advantages such as low cost, high safety, and large discharge current. However, for electric two-wheeler users, lead-acid batteries present a pressing problem: they may experience thermal runaway during use. Furthermore, lead-acid batteries lack intelligence, meaning users cannot access battery information. In other words, lead-acid batteries primarily suffer from insufficient intelligence and safety.

[0053] In view of this, this application obtains the basic parameter information of the battery pack through the lead-acid battery management system, connects the lead-acid battery management system and the lead-acid battery charger, and connects the lead-acid battery management system and the cloud platform to send the basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack to the lead-acid battery charger and the cloud platform. This allows the lead-acid battery charger to adopt different charging modes based on the basic parameter information to prevent thermal runaway. The cloud platform can send early warning information to the user, so that the user can cut off the power in time to avoid thermal runaway.

[0054] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lead-acid battery system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1As shown, the lead-acid battery system includes: a lead-acid battery management system, a lead-acid battery charger, and a cloud platform.

[0056] The input terminal of the lead-acid battery management system is connected to the lead-acid battery pack, the first terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the first output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system, the second terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the lead-acid battery pack, and the cloud platform is connected to the second output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system through vehicle networking equipment.

[0057] The lead-acid battery management system is used to collect basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack;

[0058] The lead-acid battery charger is used to charge the lead-acid battery pack according to the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system.

[0059] The cloud platform is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the vehicle-mounted network device and push warning information to the user; the vehicle-mounted network device is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system.

[0060] Lead-acid battery packs can contain multiple battery cells. They can be configured with 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 cells in series. The total voltage varies depending on the number of cells in the pack. A 3-cell pack has a total voltage of 36V, while a 4-cell pack has a total voltage of 48V. Lead-acid battery packs are used for energy storage.

[0061] The lead-acid battery management system can collect and manage basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack, such as voltage, current, and temperature during charging or discharging. After collecting the basic parameter information, the lead-acid battery management system can send this information to the lead-acid battery charger. The charger can then adjust its charging strategy based on this information to charge the lead-acid battery pack accordingly.

[0062] For example, a lead-acid battery charger can implement a temperature compensation strategy based on temperature. When the temperature is high, the charging current and open-circuit voltage can be adjusted according to the battery characteristics at that temperature to avoid thermal runaway, protect the lead-acid battery pack, and extend the service life of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0063] After determining the basic parameter information, the lead-acid battery management system can also send the basic parameter information to the cloud platform through the vehicle networking device. After receiving the basic parameter information, the cloud platform can determine whether the lead-acid battery is at high risk. When it is at high risk, it can issue a warning message to the user so that the user can cut off the power to the lead-acid battery in time when the warning message is received.

[0064] In addition, the cloud platform can determine the available capacity, health status, cycle count, real-time power, and other information of the lead-acid battery based on the received basic parameter information, and push the above information and basic parameter information to the user's application, so that the user can view the above information based on the application.

[0065] Optionally, the lead-acid battery management system can transmit basic parameter information to the vehicle networking device via a wired communication bus. After receiving the basic parameter information, the vehicle networking device can send the information to the cloud platform via a cellular network. The cloud platform can then send warning information or other information to the user's application via a cellular network or Wi-Fi network.

[0066] Warning messages can be for excessively high or low temperatures or excessively high voltage, so that users can take timely intervention measures.

[0067] The lead-acid battery system provided in this application is connected to a lead-acid battery pack via the input terminal of a lead-acid battery management system. The first terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the first output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system, and the second terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the lead-acid battery pack. The cloud platform is connected to the second output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system via an in-vehicle networking device. The lead-acid battery management system is used to collect basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack. The lead-acid battery charger is used to charge the lead-acid battery pack according to the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system. The cloud platform is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the in-vehicle networking device and push warning information to the user. The in-vehicle networking device receives the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system, adjusts the charging strategy according to the basic parameter information via the lead-acid battery charger to avoid thermal runaway, and pushes warning information to the user via the cloud platform so that the user can disconnect the power in time to avoid thermal runaway.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another lead-acid battery system provided in the embodiments of this application. The following will be combined with... Figure 2 The specific structure of the lead-acid battery system is described.

[0069] Optionally, the lead-acid battery management system includes: a data acquisition unit, a main controller, and a first-line transceiver circuit;

[0070] One end of the data acquisition unit is the input terminal of the lead-acid battery management system, and the other end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the main controller. The main controller is also connected to one end of the first one-line transceiver circuit, and the other end of the first one-line transceiver circuit is the first output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system.

[0071] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire simulated data representing the basic parameter information and send the simulated data to the main controller;

[0072] The main controller is used to determine the corresponding basic parameter information based on the received analog data, and send the basic parameter information to the first one-line transceiver circuit.

[0073] The first one-line transceiver circuit is used to send the basic parameter information to the lead-acid battery charger.

[0074] Since the main controller can only process digital signals, while the data acquisition unit collects analog data that represents basic parameter information, an analog-to-digital converter can be set in the main controller to convert the analog data into digital signals, thereby determining the basic parameter information based on the converted digital signals.

[0075] The data acquired by the data acquisition unit may not be the basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack, but rather data related to the basic parameter information. After receiving this data, the main controller can determine the corresponding basic parameter information based on it. For example, if data A acquired by the data acquisition unit is related to the actual voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, the main controller can determine the actual voltage of the lead-acid battery pack based on data A.

[0076] Optionally, the data acquisition unit can be one or more of a voltage acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, or a current acquisition operational amplifier circuit.

[0077] The lead-acid battery management system also includes a first-line transceiver circuit, which enables communication with the lead-acid battery charger to send the basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack to the lead-acid battery charger so that the lead-acid battery charger can adjust the charging strategy in real time based on the received basic parameter information.

[0078] A lead-acid battery management system, based on acquired basic parameter information, can also determine the charging cutoff voltage, battery capacity, and battery status, such as charging state, discharging state, undervoltage state, or overvoltage state. By calculating the battery capacity based on the basic parameter information, the battery's charge level can be accurately displayed.

[0079] The communication with the lead-acid battery charger is achieved through the first-line transceiver circuit, so as to send the collected basic parameter information to the lead-acid battery charger.

[0080] Optionally, the lead-acid battery charger includes: a second one-wire transceiver circuit, a charger logic control unit, and a charger power unit;

[0081] One end of the second one-line transceiver circuit is the first end of the lead-acid battery charger and is connected to the first one-line transceiver circuit. The other end of the second one-line transceiver circuit is connected to one end of the charger logic control unit. The other end of the charger logic control unit is connected to one end of the charger power unit. The other end of the charger power unit is the second end of the lead-acid battery charger.

[0082] The second one-line transceiver circuit is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the first one-line transceiver circuit and send the basic parameter information to the charger logic control unit;

[0083] The charger logic control unit is used to determine charging information based on the basic parameter information and send the charging information to the charger power unit;

[0084] The charger power unit is used to charge the lead-acid battery pack according to the charging information.

[0085] A lead-acid battery charger mainly consists of a second-line transceiver circuit, a charger logic control unit, and a charger power unit.

[0086] The second-line transceiver circuit mainly obtains basic parameter information from the lead-acid management system.

[0087] The charger logic control unit primarily processes the basic parameter information sent from the lead-acid battery management system via software to determine the corresponding charging strategy, and then controls the charger power unit based on the determined charging strategy. The software algorithm used by the charger logic control unit is existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0088] The charger power unit can convert AC power into a corresponding constant voltage and constant current power to charge the lead-acid battery pack, under the control of the charger logic control unit.

[0089] The above-mentioned units enable dynamic charging of lead-acid battery packs based on basic parameter information, that is, different charging strategies are adopted for charging based on different basic parameter information.

[0090] Optionally, the lead-acid battery management system further includes: an RS485 transceiver circuit and an RS485 automatic wake-up circuit;

[0091] The first terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to the main controller, the second terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to one terminal of the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit, the third terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to the vehicle networking device through a wired communication bus, and the other terminal of the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit is connected to the main controller.

[0092] The RS485 transceiver circuit is used to send the data information to the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit when data information is detected on the wired communication bus.

[0093] The RS485 automatic wake-up circuit is used to send an interrupt signal and transmit it to the main controller after receiving the data information;

[0094] The main controller is used to wake up the RS485 transceiver circuit after receiving the interrupt signal, and send the basic parameter information to the vehicle networking device through the RS485 transceiver circuit.

[0095] The RS485 transceiver circuit and RS485 automatic wake-up circuit are mainly responsible for communicating with the vehicle networking equipment and reporting the basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery.

[0096] When the vehicle networking device is not communicating with the lead-acid battery management system, the RS485 transceiver circuit can automatically enter a sleep state to reduce operating power consumption.

[0097] One end of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to the wired communication bus. When the vehicle networking device needs to request data, it can send an RS485 data frame to the wired communication bus. The RS485 transceiver circuit can detect this data frame on the wired communication bus and send it to the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit. Upon receiving the data frame, the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit generates an external interrupt signal and sends it to the main controller. After receiving the interrupt signal, the main controller can wake up the RS485 transceiver circuit, enabling it to communicate with the vehicle networking device and send acquired basic parameter information or other information to the device.

[0098] By using RS485 transceiver circuits and RS485 automatic wake-up circuits, data transmission between the lead-acid battery management system and vehicle networking devices can be achieved while reducing power consumption.

[0099] Optionally, the second one-line transceiver circuit is also used to receive the charging information sent by the charger logic control unit;

[0100] The first one-line transceiver circuit is also used to receive the charging information sent by the second one-line transceiver circuit and send the charging information to the main controller;

[0101] The main controller is also used to send the charging information to the vehicle networking device through the RS485 transceiver circuit.

[0102] After determining the charging strategy, the lead-acid battery charger can also send the charging information to the lead-acid battery management system. The lead-acid battery management system can then send the charging information to the cloud platform, allowing users to know the charging information when charging the lead-acid battery pack.

[0103] Optionally, the first-line transceiver circuit can not only send basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack to the second-line transceiver circuit, but also receive charging information sent by the second-line transceiver circuit. Thus, the charging information can be sent to the main controller, which can then send the charging information to the vehicle networking device via the RS485 transceiver circuit.

[0104] By sending charging information to the lead-acid battery management system and then to the cloud platform, users can obtain charging information.

[0105] Optionally, the lead-acid battery management system further includes: a BUCK power conversion unit, the input terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery pack, and the first output terminal of which is connected to the main controller;

[0106] The BUCK power conversion unit is used to convert a high input voltage into a low output voltage and supply the low output voltage to the main controller.

[0107] The BUCK power conversion unit is the internal power supply system of the lead-acid battery management system. It converts the high-voltage power input from the lead-acid battery pack into an internally usable 5V power supply to provide a low output voltage to the main controller.

[0108] Optionally, the BUCK power conversion unit can also be connected to other units in the lead-acid battery management system to provide low output voltage to those units. Figure 2 The connection between the BUCK power conversion unit and other units besides the main controller and reference voltage unit is not shown.

[0109] By setting up a BUCK power conversion unit, the required voltage can be provided to each unit in the lead-acid battery management system.

[0110] Optionally, the data acquisition unit includes: a current acquisition operational amplifier circuit and a reference voltage unit; a sampling resistor is provided between the positive and negative terminals of the lead-acid battery pack;

[0111] The input terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the second output terminal of the BUCK power conversion unit, the first output terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the first input terminal of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit, and the second output terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the main controller; the second and third input terminals of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor, and the output terminal of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit is connected to the main controller.

[0112] The reference voltage unit is used to output a reference voltage to the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit;

[0113] The current acquisition operational amplifier circuit is used to acquire the voltage of the sampling resistor, amplify the voltage value, obtain the output voltage based on the reference voltage, and send the output voltage to the main controller;

[0114] The main controller is used to determine the actual current for charging or discharging the lead-acid battery pack based on the output voltage.

[0115] Among them, the resistance value of the sampling resistor is small, and the voltage generated when the current flows through the sampling resistor is very weak. Therefore, the collected voltage can be amplified.

[0116] Since the acquired voltage value may also be negative, in order for the main controller's analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to handle negative voltages, the acquired voltage signal needs to be biased to the input range of the ADC. For example, the input range of the ADC is 0V to 5V.

[0117] The reference voltage unit is mainly used to provide bias to the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit. Since the voltage across the resistor can be positive and negative during the charging and discharging of the lead-acid battery pack, the reference voltage is amplified by the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit and then input. At this time, the negative value is transformed into a positive value under the action of the reference voltage, so that the analog-to-digital converter of the main controller can accurately acquire the value.

[0118] For example, if the reference voltage is 1.200V and the input range of the analog-to-digital converter of the main controller is 0~5V, after processing by the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit and the reference voltage, if the obtained voltage is 0V~1.200V, it is considered to be charging; if the obtained voltage is 1.200V~5.00V, it is considered to be discharging.

[0119] The main controller can determine the direction and magnitude of the current by obtaining the output voltage, reference voltage, and the resistance value of the sampling resistor.

[0120] The voltage value of the sampling resistor during the charging or discharging process can be accurately acquired by the reference voltage and current acquisition circuit, so as to accurately obtain the current value during the charging or discharging process.

[0121] Optionally, the data acquisition unit includes a temperature acquisition circuit; a battery temperature sensor is provided on the lead-acid battery pack, one end of the temperature acquisition circuit is connected to the battery temperature sensor, and the other end of the temperature acquisition circuit is connected to the main controller; the temperature acquisition circuit includes a fixed resistor, and the fixed resistor and the thermistor of the battery temperature sensor form a resistive voltage divider.

[0122] The temperature acquisition circuit is used to acquire the voltage value of the resistor divider and send the voltage value to the main controller;

[0123] The main controller is used to determine the resistance value of the thermistor based on the voltage value of the resistor divider, so as to determine the actual temperature of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0124] The temperature acquisition circuit is connected to a temperature sensor attached to the lead-acid battery pack to acquire the temperature of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0125] Temperature sensors contain thermistors, whose resistance changes with the temperature of the lead-acid battery pack. Thermistors are usually attached to the battery pack to ensure accurate temperature readings.

[0126] A thermistor is typically connected in series with a fixed resistor to form a resistive voltage divider. The output voltage of this voltage divider changes with the temperature of the lead-acid battery pack because the resistance of the thermistor changes with the temperature of the battery pack. The voltage value of the resistive voltage divider can be used to reflect the resistance value of the thermistor.

[0127] The analog-to-digital converter of the main controller is used to convert the voltage value of the resistor divider into a digital signal, and the real-time resistance value of the thermistor can be calculated based on the acquired voltage value.

[0128] The main controller can determine the actual temperature of the lead-acid battery pack by measuring the real-time resistance value of the thermistor. For example, a lookup table can be used to determine the actual temperature corresponding to the real-time resistance value. This lookup table can be generated based on the thermistor's characteristic curve, ensuring accurate temperature conversion.

[0129] The temperature acquisition circuit can accurately collect the actual temperature of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0130] Optionally, the data acquisition unit includes a voltage acquisition circuit, one end of which is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery pack, and the other end of which is connected to the main controller.

[0131] The voltage acquisition circuit is used to acquire the total voltage of the reduced-size lead-acid battery pack.

[0132] The main controller is used to determine the actual voltage of the lead-acid battery pack based on the total voltage after the reduction process.

[0133] The voltage acquisition circuit includes a resistor divider circuit and an operational amplifier circuit. This part can proportionally reduce the battery voltage to an analog range acceptable to the main controller. The main controller then determines the actual voltage value of the lead-acid battery pack based on the received analog signal.

[0134] Because lead-acid battery packs can have high voltages, while the analog-to-digital converter of the main controller can only accept a certain range of analog signals, a resistor divider circuit reduces the voltage amplitude by selecting appropriate resistor values ​​and dividing the high voltage of the lead-acid battery pack according to a certain ratio.

[0135] The operational amplifier circuit can amplify or attenuate the voltage signal after resistor division to further adjust the voltage amplitude, ensuring that the acquired voltage is accurately within the acceptable analog range of the main controller's analog-to-digital converter. Therefore, the voltage acquisition circuit obtains the reduced total voltage of the lead-acid battery through the resistor divider circuit and the operational amplifier circuit.

[0136] After obtaining the voltage after the reduction process, the main controller can also perform reverse processing to obtain the actual voltage of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0137] The analog voltage value that the analog-to-digital converter in the main controller can process is obtained through the voltage acquisition circuit, so that the main controller can obtain the actual voltage of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0138] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle, which includes a lead-acid battery pack, and the lead-acid battery system in any of the foregoing embodiments, which has similar technical effects to the aforementioned lead-acid battery system, and will not be described again here.

[0139] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility models disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0140] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A lead-acid battery system, characterized in that, include: Lead-acid battery management system, lead-acid battery charger and cloud platform; The input terminal of the lead-acid battery management system is connected to the lead-acid battery pack, the first terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the first output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system, the second terminal of the lead-acid battery charger is connected to the lead-acid battery pack, and the cloud platform is connected to the second output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system through vehicle networking equipment. The lead-acid battery management system is used to collect basic parameter information of the lead-acid battery pack; The lead-acid battery charger is used to charge the lead-acid battery pack according to the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system. The cloud platform is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the vehicle-mounted network device and push warning information to the user; the vehicle-mounted network device is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the lead-acid battery management system.

2. The lead-acid battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead-acid battery management system includes: a data acquisition unit, a main controller, and a first-line transceiver circuit; One end of the data acquisition unit is the input terminal of the lead-acid battery management system, and the other end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the main controller. The main controller is also connected to one end of the first one-line transceiver circuit, and the other end of the first one-line transceiver circuit is the first output terminal of the lead-acid battery management system. The data acquisition unit is used to acquire simulated data representing the basic parameter information and send the simulated data to the main controller; The main controller is used to determine the corresponding basic parameter information based on the received analog data, and send the basic parameter information to the first one-line transceiver circuit. The first one-line transceiver circuit is used to send the basic parameter information to the lead-acid battery charger.

3. The lead-acid battery system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lead-acid battery charger includes: a second one-wire transceiver circuit, a charger logic control unit, and a charger power unit; One end of the second one-line transceiver circuit is the first end of the lead-acid battery charger and is connected to the first one-line transceiver circuit. The other end of the second one-line transceiver circuit is connected to one end of the charger logic control unit. The other end of the charger logic control unit is connected to one end of the charger power unit. The other end of the charger power unit is the second end of the lead-acid battery charger. The second one-line transceiver circuit is used to receive the basic parameter information sent by the first one-line transceiver circuit and send the basic parameter information to the charger logic control unit; The charger logic control unit is used to determine charging information based on the basic parameter information and send the charging information to the charger power unit; The charger power unit is used to charge the lead-acid battery pack according to the charging information.

4. The lead-acid battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lead-acid battery management system also includes: an RS485 transceiver circuit and an RS485 automatic wake-up circuit; The first terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to the main controller, the second terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to one terminal of the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit, the third terminal of the RS485 transceiver circuit is connected to the vehicle networking device through a wired communication bus, and the other terminal of the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit is connected to the main controller. The RS485 transceiver circuit is used to send the data information to the RS485 automatic wake-up circuit when data information is detected on the wired communication bus. The RS485 automatic wake-up circuit is used to send an interrupt signal and transmit it to the main controller after receiving the data information; The main controller is used to wake up the RS485 transceiver circuit after receiving the interrupt signal, and send the basic parameter information to the vehicle networking device through the RS485 transceiver circuit.

5. The lead-acid battery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second one-line transceiver circuit is also used to receive the charging information sent by the charger logic control unit; The first one-line transceiver circuit is also used to receive the charging information sent by the second one-line transceiver circuit and send the charging information to the main controller; The main controller is also used to send the charging information to the vehicle networking device through the RS485 transceiver circuit.

6. The lead-acid battery system according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The lead-acid battery management system further includes: a BUCK power conversion unit, the input terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery pack, and the first output terminal of which is connected to the main controller; The BUCK power conversion unit is used to convert a high input voltage into a low output voltage and supply the low output voltage to the main controller.

7. The lead-acid battery system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data acquisition unit includes: a current acquisition operational amplifier circuit and a reference voltage unit; a sampling resistor is provided between the positive and negative terminals of the lead-acid battery pack; The input terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the second output terminal of the BUCK power conversion unit, the first output terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the first input terminal of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit, and the second output terminal of the reference voltage unit is connected to the main controller; the second and third input terminals of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor, and the output terminal of the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit is connected to the main controller. The reference voltage unit is used to output a reference voltage to the current acquisition operational amplifier circuit; The current acquisition operational amplifier circuit is used to acquire the voltage of the sampling resistor, amplify the voltage value, obtain the output voltage based on the reference voltage, and send the output voltage to the main controller; The main controller is used to determine the actual current for charging or discharging the lead-acid battery pack based on the output voltage.

8. The lead-acid battery system according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The data acquisition unit includes a temperature acquisition circuit; a battery temperature sensor is provided on the lead-acid battery pack; one end of the temperature acquisition circuit is connected to the battery temperature sensor, and the other end of the temperature acquisition circuit is connected to the main controller; the temperature acquisition circuit includes a fixed resistor, and the fixed resistor and the thermistor of the battery temperature sensor form a resistive voltage divider. The temperature acquisition circuit is used to acquire the voltage value of the resistor divider and send the voltage value to the main controller; The main controller is used to determine the resistance value of the thermistor based on the voltage value of the resistor divider, so as to determine the actual temperature of the lead-acid battery pack.

9. The lead-acid battery system according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The data acquisition unit includes a voltage acquisition circuit, one end of which is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery pack, and the other end of which is connected to the main controller. The voltage acquisition circuit is used to acquire the total voltage of the reduced-size lead-acid battery pack. The main controller is used to determine the actual voltage of the lead-acid battery pack based on the total voltage after the reduction process.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, This includes lead-acid battery packs, and lead-acid battery systems as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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