Battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric automobile batteries, and discloses a battery pack and electric equipment.The battery pack comprises a battery module, a cooling structure, a bottom plate and a frame structure, the cooling structure comprises a flat plate and a runner plate, and the runner plate is arranged on the side, away from the battery module, of the flat plate in the third direction; the protruding part on the runner plate is arranged in a protruding mode towards the side away from the flat plate in the third direction, cooling channels are formed between the flat plate and the runner plate, the cooling structure is provided with air holes, and the air holes are formed between every two adjacent cooling channels; an exhaust channel is defined by the runner plate and the protruding part of the runner plate; the anti-explosion valve on the frame structure communicates with the exhaust channel, and the exhaust channel is suitable for guiding gas to flow to the anti-explosion valve. According to the explosion-proof valve, when high-temperature gas is exhausted to the exhaust channel, the space formed between the protruding parts on the runner plate can play a role in limiting the flow direction of the high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas is guided to flow towards the explosion-proof valve so that the high-temperature gas can be rapidly exhausted, and rapid and effective pressure relief is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle battery technology, specifically to battery packs and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of electric vehicles, electrical equipment, and energy storage systems, the safety performance of individual battery cells cannot be ignored. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of heat and gas is generated inside. As the gas rapidly accumulates and expands, the internal pressure rises rapidly. Safety valves are installed to prevent individual battery cell explosions. When the internal pressure exceeds the valve's limit, it will release pressure. Battery packs are equipped with explosion-proof valves that can channel away the high-temperature gas generated when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway and releases pressure.

[0003] In existing technologies, battery packs have internal venting channels where individual battery cells release high-temperature gases. These gases then flow to the battery pack's explosion-proof valve to prevent them from negatively impacting other battery cells and causing heat diffusion. However, after being released into the venting channels, the high-temperature gases spread and diffuse before reaching the explosion-proof valve. This results in a prolonged time between the generation of the high-temperature gases and their release from the valve. If these gases are not promptly released, they can overflow, compromising the safety of the entire pack. Therefore, ensuring the rapid and effective release of high-temperature gases from the pack is a critical technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a battery pack and electrical equipment to solve the problem of how to effectively and quickly discharge high-temperature gas through the exhaust channel via an explosion-proof valve.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a battery pack having intersecting first, second, and third directions. The battery pack includes a battery module, a cooling structure, a base plate, and a frame structure. The base plate is connected to the frame structure to form a receiving cavity. The cooling structure is disposed in the receiving cavity and connected to the frame structure. The cooling structure divides the receiving cavity into an installation cavity and an exhaust cavity along the third direction. The battery module is installed in the installation cavity. The cooling structure includes a flat plate and a flow channel plate. The flat plate is disposed on one side of the battery module along the third direction, and the flow channel plate is disposed on the side of the flat plate away from the battery module along the third direction. The plate has a protrusion that extends away from the flat plate along a third direction. Multiple cooling channels are formed between the flat plate and the flow channel plate. The cooling structure has vent holes that are spaced apart from the cooling channels and are located between two adjacent cooling channels. The bottom plate is located on the side of the cooling structure away from the battery module along a third direction. The flow channel plate and the protrusion form an exhaust channel that communicates with the vent holes. An explosion-proof valve is provided on the frame structure and communicates with the exhaust channel. The exhaust channel is adapted to guide gas flow to the explosion-proof valve.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The protrusions on the flow channel plate are positioned to the side away from the flat plate. When high-temperature gas is discharged into the exhaust channel, the space formed between the protrusions on the flow channel plate can restrict the flow direction of the high-temperature gas, guiding it towards the explosion-proof valve for rapid discharge. This shortens the time it takes for the high-temperature gas to travel from the battery module to the explosion-proof valve, achieving rapid and effective pressure relief. The protrusions on the flow channel plate also increase the contact area between the flow channel plate and the high-temperature gas, thereby further reducing the temperature of the discharged gas using the cooling mechanism and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the frame structure includes a first side beam extending along the second direction, the explosion-proof valve being disposed on the first side beam, and the cooling channel extending along the first direction.

[0008] Beneficial effect: The cooling channel extends to the first side beam equipped with the explosion-proof valve, so that the high-temperature gas is directly guided to the explosion-proof valve, thereby achieving rapid pressure relief.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the cooling channel includes a first flow channel section, a second flow channel section, and a transition section. Both the first flow channel section and the second flow channel section are provided in multiples. The first flow channel section and the second flow channel section are arranged alternately and at intervals along the first direction. The first flow channel section is connected to at least one adjacent second flow channel section through the transition section.

[0010] Beneficial effects: Dividing the cooling channel into a first flow channel section and a second flow channel section facilitates the structural design of the cooling channel. By adjusting the position and cross-sectional length of the first and second flow channel sections, the flow path can be increased, the contact area between the flow channel and the battery cell can be increased, the heat exchange effect can be improved, and thermal management can be better achieved.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, the transition section is smoothly connected to the first flow channel section, and / or the transition section is smoothly connected to the second flow channel section.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The transition section smoothly connects to the first flow channel section and the second flow channel section, reducing the flow resistance of the coolant in the cooling channel.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, a plurality of vent holes are spaced apart along the second direction, and a plurality of cooling channels are spaced apart along the second direction, with the first flow channel segment disposed between two adjacent vent holes.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The first flow channel is set between two adjacent vents, making reasonable use of the space of the cooling structure. It can ensure the guiding effect of high-temperature gas discharged from the vents while cooling the gas, thus improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, a plurality of vent holes are spaced apart along the first direction, and the second flow channel section is disposed between two adjacent vent holes.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The second flow channel section is set between two adjacent vent holes along the first direction. The first flow channel section and the second flow channel section are staggered, which increases the length of the cooling channel and the contact area between the coolant and the battery cell, thus better realizing the thermal management of the battery cell.

[0017] In one optional implementation, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel segment perpendicular to the third direction is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel segment perpendicular to the third direction.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel section perpendicular to the third direction is larger than that of the first flow channel section perpendicular to the third direction, which further increases the contact area between the cooling structure and the high-temperature gas, ensuring the cooling capacity of the cooling structure.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the cross-sectional configuration of the second flow channel segment perpendicular to the third direction is a straight flow channel configuration, or the cross-sectional configuration of the second flow channel segment perpendicular to the third direction is a bent flow channel configuration.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the battery pack further includes a heat insulation plate disposed on the side of the base plate near the exhaust channel.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By installing a heat insulation plate, the high-temperature gas is prevented from directly contacting the base plate and causing damage, thus improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0022] Secondly, this utility model also provides an electrical device, including the aforementioned battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a top view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of partial cross-section of GG.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 10. Battery module; 20. Cooling structure; 21. Flat plate; 22. Flow channel plate; 221. Protrusion; 23. Vent hole; 24. Channel inlet / outlet; 30. Base plate; 40. Frame structure; 41. Explosion-proof valve; 42. First side beam; 43. Second side beam; 50. Heat insulation plate; 60. Top cover; 70. Cooling channel; 71. First flow channel section; 72. Second flow channel section; 73. Adapter section; 80. Exhaust channel; 90. Receiving cavity; 91. Mounting cavity; 92. Exhaust cavity; X, First direction; Y, Second direction; Z, Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0034] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 5 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a battery pack having intersecting first direction X, second direction Y, and third direction Z. The battery pack includes a battery module 10, a cooling structure 20, a base plate 30, and a frame structure 40. The base plate 30 and the frame structure 40 are connected to form a receiving cavity 90. The cooling structure 20 is disposed in the receiving cavity 90 and connected to the frame structure 40. The cooling structure 20 divides the receiving cavity 90 into a mounting cavity 91 and an exhaust cavity 92 along the third direction Z. The battery module 10 is mounted in the mounting cavity 91. The cooling structure 20 includes a flat plate 21 and a flow channel plate 22. The flat plate 21 is disposed on one side of the battery module 10 along the third direction Z, and the flow channel plate 22 is disposed on the side of the flat plate 21 away from the battery module 10 along the third direction Z. The runner plate 22 is provided with a protrusion 221, which protrudes along the third direction Z to the side away from the plate 21. Multiple cooling channels 70 are formed between the plate 21 and the runner plate 22. The cooling structure 20 is provided with vent holes 23, which are spaced apart from the cooling channels 70 and are located between two adjacent cooling channels 70. The bottom plate 30 is located along the third direction Z on the side of the cooling structure 20 away from the battery module 10. The runner plate 22 and its protrusion 221 enclose and form an exhaust channel 80, which is connected to the vent holes 23. The frame structure 40 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 41, which is connected to the exhaust channel 80. The exhaust channel 80 is adapted to guide the gas flow to the explosion-proof valve 41.

[0036] In the battery pack of this embodiment, the protrusions 221 on the flow channel plate 22 protrude away from the flat plate 21. When high-temperature gas is discharged into the exhaust channel 80, the space formed between the protrusions 221 on the flow channel plate 22 can restrict the flow direction of the high-temperature gas, guiding the high-temperature gas to flow towards the explosion-proof valve 41 for rapid discharge. This can shorten the time for the high-temperature gas to be discharged from the battery module 10 to the explosion-proof valve 41, achieving rapid and effective pressure relief. The protrusions 221 on the flow channel plate 22 protrude away from the flat plate 21, which also increases the contact area between the flow channel plate 22 and the high-temperature gas, thereby further reducing the temperature of the discharged gas using the cooling mechanism and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0037] For details, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The cooling structure 20 divides the receiving cavity 90 into an installation cavity 91 and an exhaust cavity 92 along the third direction Z.

[0038] For details, please refer to Figure 7 The flow channel plate 22 and its protrusion 221 enclose and form an exhaust channel 80. It can be understood that the exhaust channel 80 is part of the exhaust chamber 92, that is, the exhaust chamber 92 includes the exhaust channel 80.

[0039] It should be noted that the protrusion 221 of the flow channel plate 22 protrudes along the third direction Z direction away from the flat plate 21, and an exhaust channel 80 is formed between the protrusions 221 of two adjacent flow channel plates 22, and the protrusions 221 of the two flow channel plates 22 form the outer walls on both sides of the exhaust channel 80.

[0040] It should be noted that in related technologies, the exhaust chamber 92 is often rectangular. When high-temperature gas is discharged into the exhaust chamber 92, the high-temperature gas first spreads to the surroundings through the vent 23 and then flows to the explosion-proof valve 41. Therefore, the time for the high-temperature gas to be discharged from the battery module 10 to the explosion-proof valve 41 is relatively long, which means that the high-temperature gas exists in the battery pack for a long time, posing a safety hazard.

[0041] It is understandable that the protrusion 221 of the flow channel plate 22 restricts and guides the flow direction of the high-temperature gas. When the high-temperature gas is about to spread to the surroundings, it is restricted by the protrusion 221 and flows quickly to the explosion-proof valve 41 along the exhaust channel 80.

[0042] Specifically, the battery pack is also provided with a top cover 60, which is located on top of the battery module 10.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling structure 20 is a liquid cooling plate, and the cooling substance flowing in the cooling channel 70 is liquid coolant.

[0044] Specifically, the flow channel plate 22 is a plate with flow channel recesses. After the flat plate 21 and the flow channel plate 22 are welded together, an internal cooling channel 70 is formed. The part of the structure of the flow channel plate 22 near the bottom plate 30 forms a protrusion 221 that protrudes relative to the surface of the flow channel plate 22.

[0045] For details, please refer to Figure 2 The cooling structure 20 also includes a channel inlet / outlet 24 to facilitate the entry and exit of the cooling medium.

[0046] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the cooling structure 20 can also use low-temperature gas as a cooling substance, and exchange heat with the gas outside the cooling structure 20 through the plate of the cooling structure 20.

[0047] It should be noted that the plate of the cooling structure 20 is preferably made of a material with good thermal conductivity.

[0048] In one embodiment, the frame structure 40 includes a first side beam 42 extending along a second direction Y, an explosion-proof valve 41 disposed along the first side beam 42, and a cooling channel 70 extending along a first direction X. The cooling channel 70 extends toward the first side beam 42 where the explosion-proof valve 41 is disposed, allowing high-temperature gas to be directly guided to the explosion-proof valve 41, further achieving rapid pressure relief.

[0049] Specifically, the frame structure 40 also includes a second side beam 43, which extends along the first direction X and is connected to the first side beam 42.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the cooling channel 70 includes a first flow channel section 71, a second flow channel section 72, and a transition section 73. Several first flow channel sections 71 and 72 are provided, alternating and spaced along a first direction X. Each first flow channel section 71 is connected to at least one adjacent second flow channel section 72 via the transition section 73. Dividing the cooling channel 70 into primarily first flow channel sections 71 and second flow channel sections 72 facilitates structural design. Adjustments to the positions and cross-sectional lengths of the first and second flow channel sections 71 and 72 increase the flow path, increase the contact area between the flow channel and the battery cells, improve heat exchange efficiency, and better achieve thermal management.

[0051] For details, please refer to Figure 3 In the upper part of the diagram, the first flow channel section 71 is connected to one of its adjacent second flow channel sections 72 along the first direction X via a transition section 73. In the lower part of the diagram, the first flow channel section 71 is connected to two of its adjacent second flow channel sections 72 along the first direction X via a transition section 73.

[0052] It should be noted that the connection between the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72 can be allocated according to the actual situation to improve the space utilization of the cooling structure 20.

[0053] It should be noted that in other alternative embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 41 may also be disposed on one of two side beams spaced apart along the second direction Y. Correspondingly, the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72 are alternately and spaced apart along the second direction Y.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the transition section 73 is smoothly connected to the first flow channel section 71, and the transition section 73 is smoothly connected to the second flow channel section 72.

[0055] It is worth noting that the transition section 73 is smoothly connected to the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72, which reduces the flow resistance of the coolant in the cooling channel 70.

[0056] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the transition section 73 may be smoothly connected to the first flow channel section 71, or the transition section 73 may be smoothly connected to the second flow channel section 72.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, several vent holes 23 are spaced apart along the second direction Y, and multiple cooling channels 70 are spaced apart along the second direction Y. A first flow channel section 71 is disposed between two adjacent vent holes 23. The first flow channel section 71 is disposed between two adjacent vent holes 23, making reasonable use of the space of the cooling structure 20. It can ensure the guiding effect of high-temperature gas discharged from the vent holes 23, while cooling the gas and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0058] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, several vent holes 23 are spaced apart along the first direction X, and a second flow channel section 72 is disposed between two adjacent vent holes 23. The second flow channel section 72 is disposed between two adjacent vent holes 23 along the first direction X, and the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72 are staggered, which increases the length of the cooling channel 70 and the contact area between the cooling medium and the battery cell, thereby better realizing the thermal management of the battery cell.

[0059] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72 may also be arranged in a straight line along the first direction X.

[0060] It should be noted that when the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72 are arranged in a straight line, there is a gap between two adjacent second flow channel sections 72 along the second direction Y. Compared with the staggered arrangement of the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72, the length of the cooling channel 70 is shorter, and the contact area between the cooling structure 20 and the high-temperature gas is smaller. Therefore, it is preferable that the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72 are staggered.

[0061] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel section 72 perpendicular to the third direction Z is larger than that of the first flow channel section 71 perpendicular to the third direction Z. This larger cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel section 72 perpendicular to the third direction Z further increases the contact area between the cooling structure 20 and the high-temperature gas, ensuring the cooling capacity of the cooling structure 20.

[0062] It should be noted that when the lengths of the first flow channel section 71 and the second flow channel section 72 are the same, the width of the second flow channel section 72 is greater than the width of the first flow channel section 71.

[0063] For details, please refer to Figure 3The width of the first flow channel section 71 is limited by two adjacent vent holes 23 along the second direction Y, while the width of the second flow channel section 72 is limited only by two adjacent second flow channel sections 72 along the second direction Y. Therefore, the width of the second flow channel section 72 can be increased to increase the contact area between the cooling structure 20 and the high-temperature gas.

[0064] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sectional configuration of the second flow channel segment 72 perpendicular to the third direction Z is a straight-flow channel configuration.

[0065] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the cross-sectional configuration of the second flow channel segment 72 perpendicular to the third direction Z is a bent flow channel configuration.

[0066] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack also includes a heat insulation plate 50, which is disposed on the side of the base plate 30 near the exhaust channel 80. By providing the heat insulation plate 50, high-temperature gases are prevented from directly contacting the base plate 30 and causing damage to it, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0067] It should be noted that when high-temperature gas is directly sprayed onto the base plate 30 through the vent 23, the high-temperature gas can easily melt and corrode the base plate 30, potentially damaging it and affecting the safety performance of the battery pack. Therefore, the heat resistance of the heat insulation plate 50 is used to reduce the temperature of the base plate 30 in contact with the base plate, thereby reducing safety hazards.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a second aspect, an electrical device is provided, including the battery pack described above.

[0069] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack having intersecting first direction (X), second direction (Y) and third direction (Z), the battery pack comprising a battery module (10), a cooling structure (20), a base plate (30) and a frame structure (40), characterized in that, The base plate (30) is connected to the frame structure (40) to form a receiving cavity (90). The cooling structure (20) is disposed in the receiving cavity (90) and connected to the frame structure (40). The cooling structure (20) divides the receiving cavity (90) into a mounting cavity (91) and an exhaust cavity (92) along the third direction (Z). The battery module (10) is installed in the mounting cavity (91). The cooling structure (20) includes a flat plate (21) and a flow channel plate (22). The flat plate (21) is disposed on one side of the battery module (10) along the third direction (Z). The flow channel plate (22) is disposed on the side of the flat plate (21) away from the battery module (10) along the third direction (Z). A protrusion (221) is provided on the flow channel plate (22). The protrusion (221) protrudes along the third direction (Z) towards the side away from the flat plate (21). Multiple cooling channels (70) are formed between the flat plate (21) and the flow channel plate (22). A vent hole (23) is provided on the cooling structure (20). The vent hole (23) is spaced apart from the cooling channels (70). The vent hole (23) is disposed between two adjacent cooling channels (70). The base plate (30) is disposed along the third direction (Z) on the side of the cooling structure (20) away from the battery module (10), and the flow channel plate (22) and its protrusion (221) enclose to form an exhaust channel (80), which is connected to the vent (23). An explosion-proof valve (41) is provided on the frame structure (40). The explosion-proof valve (41) is connected to the exhaust channel (80). The exhaust channel (80) is adapted to guide gas flow to the explosion-proof valve (41).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame structure (40) includes a first side beam (42) which extends along the second direction (Y), the explosion-proof valve (41) is disposed on the first side beam (42), and the cooling channel (70) extends along the first direction (X).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling channel (70) includes a first flow channel section (71), a second flow channel section (72), and a transition section (73). There are multiple first flow channel sections (71) and second flow channel sections (72). The first flow channel sections (71) and second flow channel sections (72) are arranged alternately and at intervals along the first direction (X). The first flow channel section (71) is connected to at least one adjacent second flow channel section (72) through the transition section (73).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transition section (73) is smoothly connected to the first flow channel section (71), and / or the transition section (73) is smoothly connected to the second flow channel section (72).

5. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ventilation holes (23) are spaced apart along the second direction (Y), and the cooling channels (70) are spaced apart along the second direction (Y). The first flow channel section (71) is located between two adjacent ventilation holes (23).

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ventilation holes (23) are spaced apart along the first direction (X), and the second flow channel section (72) is disposed between two adjacent ventilation holes (23).

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel section (72) perpendicular to the third direction (Z) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel section (71) perpendicular to the third direction (Z).

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The cross-sectional configuration of the second flow channel section (72) perpendicular to the third direction (Z) is a straight flow channel configuration, or the cross-sectional configuration of the second flow channel section (72) perpendicular to the third direction (Z) is a bent flow channel configuration.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a heat insulation plate (50), which is disposed on the side of the base plate (30) near the exhaust channel (80).

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The battery pack includes any one of claims 1 to 9.

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