Antenna module and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to an antenna module and a vehicle. The antenna module comprises a first antenna and at least two second antennas, the first antenna comprises a circuit board, at least part of the circuit board defines an isolation face, one second antenna is located on one side of the isolation face, and the other second antenna is located on the other opposite side of the isolation face. According to the antenna module provided by the embodiment of the invention, crosstalk between the two second antennas can be prevented, the coupling degree between the two second antennas is reduced, the antenna isolation between the two second antennas is improved, and the isolation effect of the antenna module is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna module and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] An antenna module is a device used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves, and it is widely used in wireless communication, broadcasting, radar and other electronic devices.

[0003] The isolation performance of antenna modules in related technologies still needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an antenna module that effectively improves the isolation performance of the antenna module, thereby at least partially solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, an antenna module is provided, comprising:

[0006] A first antenna, comprising a circuit board, at least a portion of the circuit board defining an isolation surface; and

[0007] At least two second antennas, one of which is located on one side of the isolation surface and the other is located on the opposite side of the isolation surface.

[0008] Optionally, the first antenna includes a microstrip line disposed on the circuit board, and the microstrip line has a bent structure.

[0009] Optionally, the circuit board includes a first circuit board, and the microstrip line includes a first-level microstrip line and a second-level microstrip line connected together, wherein the first-level microstrip line and the second-level microstrip line are respectively disposed on both sides of the first circuit board.

[0010] Optionally, there are multiple first-stage microstrip lines and multiple second-stage microstrip lines; the multiple first-stage microstrip lines and the multiple second-stage microstrip lines are connected alternately and sequentially.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of the first-stage microstrip lines are arranged side by side, and a plurality of the second-stage microstrip lines are arranged side by side.

[0012] Optionally, the circuit board further includes a second circuit board stacked with the first circuit board, and the microstrip line further includes a third-level microstrip line disposed on the second circuit board;

[0013] The first-stage microstrip line and the second-stage microstrip line are alternately connected to form a microstrip line assembly, and the third-stage microstrip line is connected to one end of the microstrip line assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the third-level microstrip line is located on the side of the second circuit board opposite to the first circuit board.

[0015] Optionally, the height of the first antenna is greater than the height of the second antenna.

[0016] Optionally, the first antenna includes an FM antenna.

[0017] Optionally, the second antenna has a bent structure; and / or, the second antenna is a PIFA antenna.

[0018] Optionally, the second antenna includes a first metal sheet as a radiating element.

[0019] Optionally, the second antenna further includes a main body portion, at least partially parallel to the isolation surface, the first metal sheet being connected to the main body portion and bent toward the first antenna relative to the main body portion.

[0020] Optionally, the circuit board extends along the length of the first metal sheet.

[0021] Optionally, the second antenna includes a second metal plate that serves as a grounding portion.

[0022] Optionally, the antenna module further includes a grounding metal plate, and the second metal piece connects the first metal piece and the grounding metal plate.

[0023] According to a second aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, including the antenna module as described above.

[0024] In the antenna module of this application embodiment, the circuit board can isolate electromagnetic waves, that is, at least a portion of the isolation surface defined by the circuit board can isolate electromagnetic waves. By placing the two second antennas on opposite sides of the isolation surface, that is, placing the isolation surface defined by the circuit board between the two second antennas, the isolation surface can block electromagnetic waves between the two second antennas. In other words, the circuit board can prevent crosstalk between the two second antennas, reduce the coupling between the two second antennas, improve the antenna isolation between the two second antennas, and thus improve the isolation effect of the antenna module.

[0025] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna module provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the first antenna provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters and gain of the second antenna provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the first antenna provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 6 This is an isolation effect diagram provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 7 This is an FM antenna pattern provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1. Second antenna; 2. First antenna; 3. Grounding metal plate; 11. First metal sheet; 12. Second metal sheet; 13. Main body; 20. Isolation surface; 21. Circuit board; 22. Microstrip line; 211. First circuit board; 212. Second circuit board; 221. First stage microstrip line; 222. Second stage microstrip line; 223. Third stage microstrip line. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0038] According to the first aspect of this application, see Figures 1 to 7 This application provides an antenna module including a first antenna 2 and at least two second antennas 1. The first antenna 2 includes a circuit board 21, at least a portion of which defines an isolation surface 20. One second antenna is located on one side of the isolation surface 20, and the other second antenna is located on the opposite side of the isolation surface 20.

[0039] It is understood that circuit board 21 can isolate electromagnetic waves, that is, the isolation surface 20 defined by at least part of the circuit board can isolate electromagnetic waves. By placing the two second antennas 1 on opposite sides of the isolation surface 20, that is, placing the isolation surface 20 defined by circuit board 21 between the two second antennas 1, the isolation surface 20 can block electromagnetic waves between the two second antennas 1. In other words, circuit board 21 can prevent crosstalk between the two second antennas 1, reduce the coupling between the two second antennas 1, improve the antenna isolation between the two second antennas 1, and thus improve the isolation effect of the antenna module.

[0040] It is understandable that the two second antennas 1 are antennas of the same frequency, while the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 1 are antennas of different types. In this application, the first antenna 2 is placed between the two second antennas 1, so that the first antenna 2 can not only be used for transmitting and receiving signals, but also prevent crosstalk between the two second antennas 1, reduce the coupling between the two second antennas 1, improve the antenna isolation between the two second antennas 1, and realize the multiplexing of the first antenna 2.

[0041] In some examples, the circuit board is preferably made of FR4 circuit board material.

[0042] In some examples, the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 1 operate on different frequency bands.

[0043] In some examples, the second antenna 1 is, for example, a 2G antenna, an LTE antenna, a 4G antenna, a 5G antenna, or a V2X antenna.

[0044] In some examples, the length of the antenna module is between 90mm and 100mm, preferably 95mm. The width of the antenna module is between 40mm and 50mm, preferably 45mm. The height of the antenna module is between 40mm and 50mm, preferably 45mm.

[0045] In some examples, the two second antennas 1 are spaced apart, and the first antenna 2 is spaced apart from the second antenna 1 to ensure the isolation effect of the antenna modules.

[0046] In some embodiments, the height of the first antenna 2 is greater than the height of the second antenna 1.

[0047] It is understandable that the height of the first antenna 2 is greater than the height of the second antenna 1, so that the circuit board of the first antenna 2 can protrude from the second antenna 1. Thus, the first antenna 2 can effectively block electromagnetic waves between the two second antennas 1, prevent crosstalk between the two second antennas 1, reduce the coupling between the two second antennas 1, and ensure the antenna isolation between the two second antennas 1, thus ensuring the isolation effect of the antenna module.

[0048] It is understood that automotive antennas in related technologies include shark fin antennas, whose structure is similar to that of a shark fin. This application, by placing the first antenna 2 between two second antennas 1, and with the first antenna 2 protruding from the second antenna, creates a shark fin-like structure for the antenna module. This makes the antenna module more compatible with shark fin antennas in related technologies, facilitating the installation of the antenna module within the shark fin antenna's housing.

[0049] In some examples, the antenna module includes a ground metal plate 3, and the second antenna 1 and the first antenna 2 are both mounted on the ground metal plate 3. The end of the first antenna 2 facing away from the ground metal plate 3 protrudes from the second antenna 1.

[0050] That is, the height of the first antenna 2 is greater than the height of the second antenna 1. This can be understood as the height of the first antenna 2 protruding from the grounding metal plate 3 being greater than the height of the second antenna 1 protruding from the grounding metal plate 3.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first antenna 2 includes an FM antenna.

[0052] It is understandable that by setting an FM antenna between the two second antennas 1, the FM antenna can block electromagnetic waves, improve the antenna isolation between the two second antennas 1, thereby improving the isolation effect of the antenna module, and at the same time realizing the reuse of the FM antenna.

[0053] In some examples, FM antennas can achieve the 88-108MHz frequency band.

[0054] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The first antenna 2 includes a microstrip line 22, which is disposed on a circuit board 21 and has a bent structure.

[0055] It is understandable that setting the microstrip line 22 as a bent structure can effectively extend the length of the microstrip line 22, thereby extending the current length of the antenna module, effectively reducing the size of the antenna module, achieving the effect of miniaturization of the antenna module, and at the same time enabling the antenna module to have excellent omnidirectional radiation pattern.

[0056] It is understandable that when the first antenna 2 is an FM antenna, the bending of the microstrip line 22 can reduce the size of the FM antenna and achieve the FM antenna frequency band and omnidirectional effect.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The circuit board 21 includes a first circuit board 211, and the microstrip line 22 includes a first-stage microstrip line 221 and a second-stage microstrip line 222 connected in sequence. The first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 are respectively located on both sides of the first circuit board 211.

[0058] It is understandable that the first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 are located on both sides of the first circuit board 211. The first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 are connected, so that the first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 form a microstrip line 22, which effectively increases the length of the microstrip line 22, thereby extending the current length of the antenna module, effectively reducing the size of the antenna module, achieving the effect of miniaturization of the antenna module, and at the same time, enabling the antenna module to have excellent omnidirectional radiation pattern.

[0059] In some embodiments, the number of first-stage microstrip lines 221 is multiple, and the number of second-stage microstrip lines 222 is multiple;

[0060] The first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 are connected alternately and sequentially.

[0061] It is understandable that by alternately connecting multiple first-stage microstrip lines 221 and multiple second-stage microstrip lines 222 to form a microstrip line 22, the length of the microstrip line 22 is effectively extended, which in turn extends the current length of the antenna module, effectively reduces the size of the antenna module, achieves the effect of miniaturization of the antenna module, and at the same time enables the antenna module to have excellent omnidirectional radiation pattern.

[0062] In some examples, the first circuit board 211 has a first connection hole, which allows the first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 to be alternately connected sequentially through the first connection hole.

[0063] Specifically, there are multiple first connection holes, each corresponding to a different first-stage microstrip line 221. One end of a first-stage microstrip line 221 is connected to one end of a second-stage microstrip line 222 through a first connection hole, and the other end of a second-stage microstrip line 222 is connected to one end of another first-stage microstrip line 221 through another first connection hole, and so on, until all the first-stage microstrip lines 221 and the second-stage microstrip lines 222 are alternately and sequentially connected.

[0064] It should be noted that the first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 are connected through the first connecting hole. Alternatively, the first-stage microstrip line 221 can pass through the first connecting hole and be connected to the second-stage microstrip line 222, or the second-stage microstrip line 222 can pass through the first connecting hole and be connected to the first-stage microstrip line 221. Alternatively, one end of the connector can be connected to the first-stage microstrip line 221, and the other end of the connector can pass through the first connecting hole and be connected to the second-stage microstrip line 222.

[0065] In some embodiments, a plurality of primary microstrip lines 221 are arranged side by side, and a plurality of secondary microstrip lines 222 are arranged side by side.

[0066] Understandably, the parallel arrangement of multiple first-stage microstrip lines 221 improves the neatness of their distribution, allowing more first-stage microstrip lines 221 to be arranged on the first circuit board 211. This effectively extends the current length of the antenna module, reduces its size, and achieves miniaturization. It also enables the antenna module to have excellent omnidirectional radiation.

[0067] The parallel arrangement of multiple secondary microstrip lines 222 improves the neatness of their distribution, allowing more secondary microstrip lines 222 to be arranged at the first circuit board 211. This effectively extends the current length of the antenna module, reduces its size, and achieves miniaturization. It also enables the antenna module to have excellent omnidirectional radiation.

[0068] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The circuit board 21 also includes a second circuit board 212 stacked with the first circuit board 211, and the microstrip line 22 also includes a third-stage microstrip line 223, which is disposed on the second circuit board 212.

[0069] The first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 are alternately connected to form a microstrip line assembly, and the third-stage microstrip line 223 is connected to one end of the microstrip line assembly.

[0070] Understandably, the first-stage microstrip line 221 and the second-stage microstrip line 222 are alternately connected to form a microstrip line assembly, which is then connected to the third-stage microstrip line 223. This connection of the first-stage microstrip line 221, the second-stage microstrip line 222, and the third-stage microstrip line 223 forms a microstrip line 22, effectively increasing the length of the microstrip line 22. This, in turn, extends the current length of the antenna module, effectively reducing the size of the antenna module and achieving miniaturization. At the same time, it allows the antenna module to have excellent omnidirectional radiation.

[0071] In some examples, the third-stage microstrip line 223 is, for example, a “5” shaped structure.

[0072] In some examples, the third-stage microstrip line 223 is located on the side of the second circuit board 21 opposite to the first circuit board 211.

[0073] Specifically, the second circuit board 21 has a second connection hole, and the third stage microstrip line 223 can be connected to the first stage microstrip line 221 or the second stage microstrip line 222 through the second connection hole.

[0074] In some embodiments, the third-stage microstrip line 223 is disposed on the side of the second circuit board 212 away from the first circuit board 211. If the third-stage microstrip line 223 is disposed on the side of the second circuit board facing the first circuit board 211, the third-stage microstrip line 223 will be opposite to the first-stage microstrip line 221 or the second-stage microstrip line 222, which may easily lead to multiple connections between the third-stage microstrip line 223 and the first-stage microstrip line 221 or the second-stage microstrip line 222, thus reducing the length of the microstrip line. Therefore, disposing of the third-stage microstrip line 223 on the side of the second circuit board 212 away from the first circuit board 211 ensures the length of the microstrip line.

[0075] In some embodiments, the second antenna 1 has a bent structure.

[0076] Understandably, bending the second line 1 can reduce its overall height and also reduce the volume it occupies.

[0077] Understandably, the bend in the second antenna 1 allows the antenna to generate more resonance, making the second antenna 1 a multi-frequency antenna to meet usage requirements.

[0078] In some embodiments, the second antenna 1 is a PIFA antenna.

[0079] Understandably, the PIFA antenna's wide bandwidth and miniaturization characteristics are beneficial for increasing the bandwidth of the second antenna 1 and facilitating the miniaturization design of the second antenna 1 and the antenna module. While reducing the size of the second antenna 1, a wideband effect is achieved; a single antenna can achieve the effect previously required by multiple antennas.

[0080] In some examples, the second line 1 is, for example, trapezoidal in shape.

[0081] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The second antenna 1 includes a first metal sheet 11 as a radiating element.

[0082] It is understandable that using a metal sheet as the radiating element of the second antenna 1 can increase the distributed capacitance, decrease the distributed inductance, and reduce the input impedance of the second antenna 1, thereby widening the bandwidth of the second antenna 1.

[0083] Understandably, in related technologies, wires are used as radiating elements, resulting in unreasonable distributed inductance and capacitance of the antenna, leading to a high Q value and narrow bandwidth. This application, however, uses a metal sheet as the radiating element, which effectively reduces the antenna Q value, increases the distributed capacitance of the second antenna 1, decreases the distributed inductance, lowers the input impedance, and thus widens the bandwidth of the second antenna 1.

[0084] In some examples, the first metal sheet 11 is, for example, rectangular in shape.

[0085] In some examples, the first metal sheet 11 has a beveled or curved edge. For example, the first metal sheet 11 is a trapezoidal structure.

[0086] In some embodiments, the second antenna 1 further includes a body portion 13, at least a portion of which is parallel to the isolation surface 20, and a first metal sheet 11 connected to the body portion 13, the first metal sheet 11 being bent toward the first antenna 2 relative to the body portion 13.

[0087] Understandably, bending the first metal sheet 11 can reduce the overall height of the second antenna 1, so that the antenna module can adapt to the shape of the fin, and at the same time reduce the volume occupied by the second antenna 1.

[0088] Understandably, the bend in the first metal piece 11 allows the antenna to generate more resonance, making the second antenna 1 a multi-frequency antenna to meet usage requirements.

[0089] In some examples, the main body 13 has a trapezoidal power supply section, so that the second antenna 1 can be powered through the power supply section.

[0090] In some embodiments, the circuit board 21 extends along the length direction of the first metal sheet 11.

[0091] It is understandable that the circuit board 21 and the first metal sheet 11 extend in the same direction, so that the circuit board 21 can better block the transmission of electromagnetic waves between the two second antennas 1.

[0092] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The second wire 1 includes a second metal sheet 12 that serves as a grounding part.

[0093] It is understandable that using a metal sheet as the grounding part of the second antenna 1 can increase the distributed capacitance and decrease the distributed inductance of the second antenna 1, thereby reducing the input impedance and widening the bandwidth of the second antenna 1.

[0094] Understandably, in related technologies, using a wire as the grounding part results in unreasonable distributed inductance and capacitance of the antenna, leading to a high Q value and narrow bandwidth. This application, however, uses a metal sheet as the grounding part, which effectively reduces the antenna Q value, increases the distributed capacitance of the second antenna 1, decreases the distributed inductance, lowers the input impedance, and thus widens the bandwidth of the second antenna 1.

[0095] It is understandable that by using the first metal plate 11 as the radiating element and the second metal plate 12 as the grounding part, the second antenna 1 can achieve good gain while covering 0.6-6GHz.

[0096] In some embodiments, the antenna module further includes a grounding metal plate 3, and a second metal piece 12 connects the first metal piece 11 and the grounding metal plate 3, so that the second metal piece 12 can serve as a grounding device.

[0097] In some examples, the second metal sheet 12 is, for example, rectangular in shape.

[0098] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters and gain of the second antenna. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the first antenna. As can be seen from the diagram, the second antenna operates below -8dB across the entire 0.6-6GHz frequency band, with a peak gain of around 7dBi. The FM antenna exhibits deep resonance within its operating frequency band, enabling it to achieve good performance and better facilitate vehicle-to-everything (V2X) applications.

[0099] Figure 6 This refers to the isolation between the two antennas. Before adding the FM antenna, the isolation between the two antennas was low at low frequencies, only about -15dB. After adding the FM antenna, the isolation at low frequencies increased significantly, and the isolation was noticeably improved.

[0100] Figure 7 The diagram shows the radiation pattern of an FM antenna, which demonstrates that the FM antenna can achieve good omnidirectional performance.

[0101] According to a second aspect of this application, this application provides a vehicle including the antenna module described above.

[0102] It is understandable that by setting the first antenna 2 between the two second antennas 1, that is, by placing the circuit board 21 between the two second antennas 1, the circuit board 21 can block electromagnetic waves. In other words, the circuit board 21 can prevent crosstalk between the two second antennas 1, reduce the coupling between the two second antennas 1, improve the antenna isolation between the two second antennas 1, improve the isolation effect of the antenna module, and thus improve the user experience of the vehicle.

[0103] In some examples, the vehicle may be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, etc., and this application does not specifically limit this.

[0104] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0105] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0106] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0107] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, include: A first antenna, the first antenna including a circuit board, at least a portion of the circuit board defining an isolation surface; and At least two second antennas, one of which is located on one side of the isolation surface and the other is located on the opposite side of the isolation surface.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna includes a microstrip line disposed on the circuit board, and the microstrip line has a bent structure.

3. The antenna module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circuit board includes a first circuit board, and the microstrip line includes a first-level microstrip line and a second-level microstrip line connected together, with the first-level microstrip line and the second-level microstrip line respectively disposed on both sides of the first circuit board.

4. The antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the first-stage microstrip lines is multiple, and the number of the second-stage microstrip lines is multiple; the multiple first-stage microstrip lines and the multiple second-stage microstrip lines are connected alternately and sequentially.

5. The antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple first-stage microstrip lines are arranged side by side, and multiple second-stage microstrip lines are arranged side by side.

6. The antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circuit board further includes a second circuit board stacked with the first circuit board, and the microstrip line further includes a third-level microstrip line, which is disposed on the second circuit board. The first-stage microstrip line and the second-stage microstrip line are alternately connected to form a microstrip line assembly, and the third-stage microstrip line is connected to one end of the microstrip line assembly.

7. The antenna module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third-level microstrip line is located on the side of the second circuit board away from the first circuit board.

8. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The height of the first antenna is greater than the height of the second antenna.

9. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first antenna includes an FM antenna.

10. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The second antenna has a bent structure; and / or, the second antenna is a PIFA antenna.

11. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The second antenna includes a first metal sheet that serves as a radiating element.

12. The antenna module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second antenna also includes a main body portion, at least partially parallel to the isolation surface, and the first metal sheet is connected to the main body portion and bent toward the first antenna relative to the main body portion.

13. The antenna module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The circuit board extends along the length of the first metal sheet.

14. The antenna module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second antenna includes a second metal plate that serves as a grounding portion.

15. The antenna module according to claim 14, characterized in that, The antenna module also includes a grounding metal plate, and the second metal piece connects the first metal piece and the grounding metal plate.

16. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the antenna module as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

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