Degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds
By using a microwave plasma device and a catalyst to synergistically degrade volatile organic compounds (VOCs), combined with real-time control via a computer module, the problems of low degradation efficiency and energy waste of VOCs have been solved, achieving a highly efficient and environmentally friendly degradation effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422862013.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-22
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies have low degradation efficiency for volatile organic compounds and produce highly toxic intermediate products. Furthermore, conventional microwave plasma technology suffers from significant energy waste when the concentration changes.
A system consisting of a microwave plasma device combined with a catalyst, a gas distribution platform, an inlet pipe, a connecting pipe, a catalytic tube, and an analysis device is used to synergistically degrade volatile organic compounds using microwave plasma and a catalyst. The system also achieves self-regulating degradation by real-time control of microwave power and gas flow rate via a computer module.
It improves the degradation efficiency of volatile organic compounds, reduces secondary pollution, saves energy, has a simple structure that is easy to maintain, and can adapt to the degradation needs of volatile organic compounds of different concentrations.
Smart Images
Figure CN223542769U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pollutant degradation technology, specifically relating to a degradation system for the degradation of volatile organic compounds. Background Technology
[0002] Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a major source of air pollution, influencing the formation of smog, ozone, photochemical smog, and secondary aerosols. These compounds also pose serious threats to the environment and human health. Conventional plasma technology for degrading VOCs suffers from low efficiency and produces highly toxic intermediate products. These intermediate products may still have adverse environmental effects. Furthermore, the concentration of VOCs can fluctuate during application; if the microwave plasma operates at maximum power continuously during degradation, it leads to energy waste. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a degradation system for the degradation of volatile organic compounds, which achieves efficient and self-regulating degradation of volatile organic compounds by generating microwave plasma in combination with a catalyst.
[0004] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: A degradation system for the degradation of volatile organic compounds, comprising a gas distribution platform, an inlet pipe, a connecting pipe, a catalytic tube, an outlet pipe, a microwave plasma device, an analytical device, and a computer module. The gas distribution platform is connected to the inlet end of the microwave plasma device through the inlet pipe. The outlet end of the microwave plasma device is connected to the inlet end of the catalytic tube through the connecting pipe. The outlet end of the catalytic tube is connected to the analytical device through the outlet pipe. The computer module is connected to the gas distribution platform, the analytical device, and the microwave generator through signal transmission lines.
[0005] The principle of this invention is as follows: the gas mixing platform dilutes the gas to be degraded and continuously inputs it into the microwave plasma device. The microwave plasma device outputs microwave energy of a certain frequency and forms a maximum electric field, which ignites the input gas to form microwave plasma. The microwave plasma and the continuously input gas to be degraded are introduced into the catalytic tube through the connecting pipe. In the catalytic tube, the microwave plasma and the catalyst work together to degrade the gas to be degraded. The degraded gas is introduced into the analysis device for real-time monitoring of the degradation effect and recording of the analysis results. The entire process is controlled in real-time by a computer module, which controls the power of the microwave plasma device, the flow rate of the gas output from the gas mixing platform, and the operation of the analysis device.
[0006] Preferably, the microwave plasma device includes a microwave generator and a microwave rectangular tube, the front end of the microwave rectangular tube is connected to the air inlet pipe, the rear end of the microwave rectangular tube is connected to the connecting pipe, and the microwave generator is connected to the side of the rear end of the microwave rectangular tube through a connecting assembly.
[0007] Preferably, the microwave rectangular tube adopts a triaxial concentric structure consisting of an inner tube, a middle tube, and an outer tube. The inner tube is located at the center of the middle tube, the middle tube is located at the center of the outer tube, and a tuning piston is provided at the front end of the outer tube.
[0008] Preferably, the inner tube is a metal tube with an outer diameter of 3 mm and an inner diameter of 2 mm; the middle tube is a conductive metal tube with an outer diameter of 6 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm; the outer tube is a metal tube with the ratio of its inner diameter to the outer diameter of the middle tube ranging from 2.3 to 2.6.
[0009] Preferably, the connection assembly includes a microwave input terminal and a capacitive coupling ring. The microwave input terminal passes through the rear end of the outer tube and is connected to the capacitive coupling ring. The capacitive coupling ring is disposed on the outer wall of the rear end of the middle tube. The microwave generator is connected to the microwave input terminal.
[0010] Preferably, the catalytic tube includes a quartz glass tube and sealing plugs sealing both ends of the quartz glass tube. The connecting pipe and the gas outlet pipe respectively pass through their respective sealing plugs and communicate with the quartz glass tube. A molecular sieve is disposed inside the quartz glass tube, and the molecular sieve is used to place the catalyst.
[0011] Preferably, the quartz glass tube has an outer diameter of 30 mm, an inner diameter of 25 mm, and a length of 80 mm.
[0012] Preferably, the sealing plug is a heat-resistant rubber plug.
[0013] Preferably, both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are plastic or glass pipes. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pipes are preferred.
[0014] Preferably, the analytical device is a mass spectrometer, which is used to receive control from the computer module, record mass spectra, and perform detection and interpretation.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] (1) Compared with traditional chemical or physical methods, microwave plasma synergistic catalyst method produces less secondary pollution, fewer harmful by-products, and more complete degradation of volatile organic compounds, which is more in line with the requirements of sustainable development.
[0017] (2) Good degradation effect: Microwave plasma can improve the properties of the catalyst surface, increase active sites, and generate more active particles, thereby improving the degradation effect of volatile organic compounds. At the same time, different catalysts can be selected according to different degradation targets to achieve simultaneous use with multiple catalysts, which not only improves the degradation efficiency of volatile organic compounds, but can also be used for the degradation of other recalcitrant pollutants.
[0018] (3) The microwave plasma device has a simple structure and is easy to control and adjust its operating parameters. The overall system structure is also relatively simple and easy to maintain and repair.
[0019] (4) By combining the microwave plasma device with the self-regulating system, the power of the microwave plasma and the flow rate of the gas are automatically adjusted, which effectively saves energy and the gas used and improves the energy efficiency of pollutant degradation. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the degradation system for the degradation of volatile organic compounds, as shown in the embodiment.
[0021] Figure 2 Mass spectrum information for the degradation of toluene (m / z = 92) using the degradation system provided in this embodiment.
[0022] In the diagram: 1. Gas distribution platform; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Microwave plasma device; 3a. Microwave generator; 3b. Microwave rectangular tube; 3b1. Inner tube; 3b2. Middle tube; 3b3. Outer tube; 3b4. Tuning piston; 3c. Connecting assembly; 3c1. Microwave input terminal; 3c2. Capacitor coupling ring; 4. Connecting pipe; 5. Catalyst tube; 5a. Quartz glass tube; 5b. Sealing plug; 5c. Molecular sieve; 5d. Catalyst; 6. Outlet pipe; 7. Analytical device; 8. Computer module; 9. Microwave plasma. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0024] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model provides a degradation system for the degradation of volatile organic compounds, including a gas distribution platform 1, an inlet pipe 2, a microwave plasma device 3, a connecting pipe 4, a catalytic tube 5, an outlet pipe 6, an analysis device 7, and a computer module 8. The gas distribution platform 1 is connected to the inlet end of the microwave plasma device 3 through the inlet pipe 2. The outlet end of the microwave plasma device 3 is connected to the inlet end of the catalytic tube 5 through the connecting pipe 4. The outlet end of the catalytic tube 5 is connected to the analysis device 7 through the outlet pipe 6. The computer module 8 is connected to the gas distribution platform 1, the analysis device 7, and the microwave generator 3a through signal transmission lines.
[0025] In this embodiment, the gas mixing platform 1 is used to dilute the sample gas required for the decomposition experiment to a suitable concentration. The gas used for dilution is preferably argon. On the one hand, argon can be used as a raw material for the capacitive microwave plasma 9, and on the other hand, it can be used as a diluent.
[0026] The connecting tube 4 is a thin quartz glass tube 5a, which is connected to the front end of the catalytic tube 5 and is used to introduce the microwave plasma 9 and the diluted sample gas into the catalytic tube 5.
[0027] Both the inlet pipe 2 and the outlet pipe 6 are made of plastic or glass, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pipes, serving as gas delivery channels.
[0028] The microwave plasma device 3 includes a microwave generator 3a and a microwave rectangular tube 3b. The front end of the microwave rectangular tube 3b is connected to the inlet pipe 2, and the rear end of the microwave rectangular tube 3b is connected to the connecting pipe 4. The microwave generator 3a is connected to the side of the rear end of the microwave rectangular tube 3b via a connecting assembly 3c. Specifically, the microwave rectangular tube 3b adopts a triaxial concentric structure consisting of an inner tube 3b1, a middle tube 3b2, and an outer tube 3b3. The inner tube 3b1 is located at the center of the middle tube 3b2, and the middle tube 3b2 is located at the center of the outer tube 3b3. A tuning piston 3b4 is provided at the front end of the outer tube 3b3. Specifically: the inner tube 3b1 is a metal tube, such as a copper tube, with an outer diameter of 3 mm and an inner diameter of 2 mm; the middle tube 3b2 is a conductive metal tube, requiring good conductivity, such as a copper tube, with an outer diameter of 6 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm; the outer tube 3b3 is a metal tube, such as a copper tube, with the ratio of its inner diameter to the outer diameter of the middle tube 3b2 ranging from 2.3 to 2.6. The connecting component 3c includes a microwave input terminal 3c1 and a capacitive coupling ring 3c2. The microwave input terminal 3c1 passes through the rear end of the outer tube 3b3 and connects to the capacitive coupling ring 3c2. The capacitive coupling ring 3c2 is located on the outer wall of the rear end of the middle tube 3b2. The microwave generator 3a is connected to the microwave input terminal 3c1. The microwave generator 3a generates microwave energy of a certain frequency, which enters the tube through the capacitive coupling ring 3c2 via capacitive coupling. The microwave propagates along the tube from the coupling ring towards the tuning piston 3b4, and is reflected after encountering the tuning piston 3b4, reaching the maximum electric field strength at the port of the middle tube 3b2, thus exciting the microwave plasma 9. The tuning piston 3b4 can be implemented using a copper metal piston, located at the front end outlet of the outer tube 3b3, to adjust the microwave resonance and ensure that the maximum electric field strength is reached at the port of the middle tube 3b2.
[0029] The catalyst tube 5 includes a quartz glass tube 5a and sealing plugs 5b sealing both ends of the quartz glass tube 5a. Connecting pipe 4 and outlet pipe 6 pass through their respective sealing plugs 5b and communicate with the quartz glass tube 5a. A molecular sieve 5c is placed inside the quartz glass tube 5a, and the molecular sieve 5c is used to hold the catalyst 5d. The quartz glass tube 5a has an outer diameter of 30 mm, an inner diameter of 25 mm, and a length of 80 mm. The molecular sieve 5c is ZSM-5 molecular sieve 5c, and the catalyst 5d can be selected according to specific requirements. The sealing plugs 5b are heat-resistant rubber plugs, but can also be made of other high-temperature resistant materials, used to isolate the degradation reaction environment from the atmospheric environment and avoid the influence of air.
[0030] The analysis device 7 is a mass spectrometer, which is used to receive the control of the computer module 8, record the mass spectrum, and perform detection and interpretation.
[0031] Computer module 8 is used to control the operation of the mass spectrometer and record mass spectra through the mass spectrometer; at the same time, computer module 8 also controls the gas distribution platform 1 to adjust the gas flow rate and controls the microwave generator 3a to adjust the microwave power to the optimal value through the signal transmission line.
[0032] The following uses the degradation of toluene (relative molecular mass 92) as an example to further illustrate the working principle of the degradation system for volatile organic compounds of this invention. The catalyst used is δ-MnO2 catalyst 5d, and the process is as follows:
[0033] 1. First, the computer module 8 controls the gas mixing platform 1 to dilute the toluene-containing sample gas, and the diluted gas enters the microwave rectangular tube 3b through the gas inlet pipe 2.
[0034] 2. Subsequently, under the control of computer module 8, microwave generator 3a introduces microwave energy of a certain frequency (e.g., 2.45 GHz) into microwave rectangular tube 3b through microwave input terminal 3c1. The microwave energy is directly coupled into the tube via capacitive coupling ring 3c2 and then propagates from capacitive coupling ring 3c2 to tuning piston 3b4 within the tube. The transmitted microwaves are reflected upon encountering the metal tuning piston 3b4, superimposed with the incident wave, and form the maximum electric field at the end face of the middle tube 3b2. The microwave power is then increased to ignite the introduced gas, generating microwave plasma 9. This plasma, along with the subsequently input sample gas, is transported to catalytic tube 5 through the high-energy microwave plasma 9. In catalytic tube 5, the sample gas undergoes degradation under the combined action of microwave plasma 9 and δ-MnO2 catalyst 5d supported by ZSM-5 molecular sieve 5c, with toluene decomposing into various small molecules.
[0035] 3. The downgraded gas is detected, analyzed, and recorded using a mass spectrometer controlled by computer module 8. The obtained analytical results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the above steps further verify the excellent degradation effect.
[0036] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.
Claims
1. A degradation system for the degradation of volatile organic compounds, characterized in that, The device includes a gas distribution platform (1), an inlet pipe (2), a connecting pipe (4), a catalytic tube (5), an outlet pipe (6), a microwave plasma device (3), an analysis device (7), and a computer module (8). The gas distribution platform (1) is connected to the inlet end of the microwave plasma device (3) through the inlet pipe (2). The outlet end of the microwave plasma device (3) is connected to the inlet end of the catalytic tube (5) through the connecting pipe (4). The outlet end of the catalytic tube (5) is connected to the analysis device (7) through the outlet pipe (6). The computer module (8) is connected to the gas distribution platform (1), the analysis device (7), and the microwave generator (3a) through signal transmission lines.
2. The degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave plasma device (3) includes a microwave generator (3a) and a microwave rectangular tube (3b). The front end of the microwave rectangular tube (3b) is connected to the air inlet pipe (2), and the rear end of the microwave rectangular tube (3b) is connected to the connecting pipe (4). The microwave generator (3a) is connected to the side of the rear end of the microwave rectangular tube (3b) through a connecting assembly (3c).
3. The degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microwave rectangular tube (3b) adopts a triaxial concentric structure consisting of an inner tube (3b1), a middle tube (3b2) and an outer tube (3b3). The inner tube (3b1) is located at the center of the middle tube (3b2), the middle tube (3b2) is located at the center of the outer tube (3b3), and a tuning piston (3b4) is provided at the front end of the outer tube (3b3).
4. The degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner tube (3b1) is a metal tube with an outer diameter of 3 mm and an inner diameter of 2 mm; the middle tube (3b2) is a conductive metal tube with an outer diameter of 6 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm; the outer tube (3b3) is a metal tube with the ratio of its inner diameter to the outer diameter of the middle tube (3b2) ranging from 2.3 to 2.
6.
5. A degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The connection assembly (3c) includes a microwave input terminal (3c1) and a capacitive coupling ring (3c2). The microwave input terminal (3c1) passes through the rear end of the outer tube (3b3) and is connected to the capacitive coupling ring (3c2). The capacitive coupling ring (3c2) is disposed on the outer wall of the rear end of the middle tube (3b2). The microwave generator (3a) is connected to the microwave input terminal (3c1).
6. A degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The catalyst tube (5) includes a quartz glass tube (5a) and sealing plugs (5b) sealing both ends of the quartz glass tube (5a). The connecting tube (4) and the gas outlet tube (6) pass through their respective corresponding sealing plugs (5b) and communicate with the quartz glass tube (5a). The catalyst (5d) is placed inside the quartz glass tube (5a).
7. A degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 6, characterized in that, The quartz glass tube (5a) has an outer diameter of 30 mm, an inner diameter of 25 mm, and a length of 80 mm.
8. A degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sealing plug (5b) is a heat-resistant rubber plug.
9. A degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, Both the air inlet pipe (2) and the air outlet pipe (6) are plastic or glass pipes.
10. A degradation system for degrading volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The analytical device (7) is a mass spectrometer, which is used to receive control from the computer module (8), record mass spectra, and perform detection and interpretation.