Recycling and crushing device for photovoltaic laminated parts

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic laminated part recycling and crushing device which comprises a rack and is characterized in that a lower compression roller is arranged on the rack, an upper compression roller is matched with the lower compression roller and arranged over the lower compression roller through a vertical frame, and the upper compression roller is positioned in the vertical frame through a sliding block and can be moved and adjusted up and down along the vertical frame; a front bracket is arranged in front of the upper compression roller and the lower compression roller on the rack, and a rear bracket is arranged behind the upper compression roller and the lower compression roller; and a chute is arranged below the lower compression roller and the rear bracket in the rack. The device is low in noise, low in dust, stable, reliable, low in treatment cost, capable of working continuously, large in treatment capacity, easy to operate, free of special skills for operators, capable of being used singly and capable of being matched with assembly line work, and tools do not need to be replaced frequently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to photovoltaic module recycling technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the photovoltaic industry, the recycling of used photovoltaic modules has become an important issue. Currently, photovoltaic module recycling technology is still immature, facing challenges in dismantling and integration. For example, the production and processing of photovoltaic modules involves the use of many adhesives and films, causing monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon to adhere together, making decomposition difficult. This is especially true for valuable silicon materials, which are difficult to purify and utilize at a high value.

[0003] While there are indeed many methods for recycling photovoltaic modules in publicly available literature, the supporting equipment is actually quite limited, and the results of using existing equipment or making modifications are often unsatisfactory. For example, patent publication number CN116833201A discloses a photovoltaic module recycling system and method. The recycling system includes a frame and a shearing chamber, a crushing device, and a screening device mounted on the frame. The shearing chamber is sequentially equipped with a conveying mechanism, a crushing mechanism, and a shearing mechanism. The crushing device is connected to the shearing chamber, and the screening device is connected to the crushing device.

[0004] For example, a pre-crushing device for laminates, patent publication number CN220406625U, includes a workbench with a conveyor belt positioned above its top. A gantry frame is attached to one end of the conveyor belt, with a strip-cutting mechanism on the side of the gantry frame closest to the conveyor belt and a block-cutting mechanism on the side furthest from the conveyor belt. This device, as a pre-crushing unit for laminates, first cuts the laminate into strips using the strip-cutting mechanism, and then cuts the strips into blocks using the block-cutting mechanism. However, cutting and crushing brittle and hard glass crystals with aluminum frames requires large-scale dust removal and noise reduction equipment. Furthermore, the cutting tools are easily worn, resulting in high processing costs. The flying fragments also pose safety hazards, and the processing capacity is small with unsatisfactory results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems and provide a photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, which features low noise, low processing cost, large processing capacity, simple operation without special skills, and can be used as a standalone unit or integrated into an assembly line.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical problems of this utility model are mainly solved by the following technical solution: a photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, including a frame, characterized in that a lower pressure roller is provided on the frame, and an upper pressure roller is provided above the lower pressure roller via a vertical frame, the upper pressure roller is positioned in the vertical frame by a slider, and can be moved up and down along the vertical frame for adjustment; a front support is provided in front of the upper and lower pressure rollers on the frame, and a rear support is provided behind the upper and lower pressure rollers; a chute is provided below the lower pressure roller and the rear support in the frame.

[0007] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the frame includes columns located at both ends of the upper pressure roller, with slide rails provided in the columns, and components cooperating with the slide rails provided at both ends of the upper pressure roller.

[0008] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the slider is provided with an adjusting screw, a spring is fitted on the adjusting screw, a sealing plate is provided at the top of the stand, and the adjusting screw passes through the sealing plate and is equipped with an adjusting nut.

[0009] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the components that cooperate with the slide rail at both ends of the upper pressure roller include sliding bearing seats located at both ends of the upper pressure roller shaft, and the sliding bearing seats and the slide rail form a sliding mating surface through a square groove or a dovetail groove.

[0010] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the components at both ends of the upper pressure roller that cooperate with the slide rail include guide wheels on the slider, and the guide wheels cooperate with the inner side of the column or the guide rail provided on the inner side of the column.

[0011] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the lower pressure roller is fixed on the frame by a main bearing seat, and one end of the lower pressure roller is equipped with a power input shaft.

[0012] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the components and sliders that cooperate with the slide rail at both ends of the upper pressure roller are an integral structure.

[0013] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the components and sliders that cooperate with the slide rails at both ends of the upper pressure roller are separate structures. The slider has a locking slot that cooperates with the roller shafts at both ends of the upper pressure roller, and the roller shaft is provided with a sliding bearing in the shaft section that cooperates with the locking slot of the slider.

[0014] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the surfaces of the upper and lower pressure rollers have hard protrusions with a height of 2 to 8 mm.

[0015] In the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, preferably, the front support is provided with a front positioning block that is adjustable along the working support surface of the front support; the rear support is provided with a rear positioning block that is adjustable along the working support surface of the rear support, and a guide roller is provided in the working support surface of the rear support.

[0016] This technical solution is designed for the basic (standard) structural shape of recycled photovoltaic laminates. Based on the frame, it serves as an independent crushing device, either alone or as part of a production line. The recycled photovoltaic laminates are crushed by a pair of upper and lower pressure rollers on the frame, which meets the requirements for crushing silicon crystal glass. This avoids the safety hazards caused by flying fragments and the noise generated by large movements such as cutting or hammering.

[0017] This device has a stand on the frame, and the upper pressure roller can be adjusted up and down by components such as sliders and adjusting screws set in the stand. It can not only meet the processing of photovoltaic laminates of different thicknesses, but also adjust the distance between the upper and lower pressure rollers at any time during the processing to achieve the best extrusion and crushing effect.

[0018] This device has a front support set up on the frame in front of the upper and lower pressure rollers as a loading station for the photovoltaic laminate, and an adjustable front positioning block is provided as a reference edge for feeding the photovoltaic laminate, which has a correction function. A rear support and a rear positioning block are set up behind the upper and lower pressure rollers to receive the processed workpiece and to correct the movement direction of the processed photovoltaic laminate. At the same time, the guide roller in the working support surface of the rear support can reduce the working resistance of the workpiece to the relevant mechanical parts, so that the processed part can smoothly leave the extrusion zone.

[0019] As a glass recycling device, this solution has a chute located below the lower pressure roller and the rear support in the frame to receive and output crushed glass fragments from the workpiece.

[0020] The components at both ends of the slide rail and the upper pressure roller in the upright frame of this device can be implemented in various structural forms. The design is based on factors such as simple structure, convenient operation, and high stability.

[0021] Furthermore, by adjusting the setting of the spring on the screw, after adjusting the slider, it can work normally even when the gap between the upper pressure roller and the lower pressure roller is too small, or when the photovoltaic laminate is too thick, and the upper pressure roller can automatically and quickly reset.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are: crushing and grinding process, low noise and low dust, stable and reliable, no need to frequently replace the blades, low processing cost, continuous operation, large processing capacity, simple operation, no special skills required for operators, can be used as a standalone unit or integrated into a production line. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local structure in the AA direction.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an upper pressure roller structure according to this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the BB structure.

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the BB structure.

[0028] Figure 6 This is an assembly drawing of an embodiment of an integrated structure slider and slide rail of this utility model.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Frame; 2-Upright frame; 201-Column; 202-Slide rail; 203-Adjusting screw; 204-Spring; 205-Sealing plate; 3-Rear support; 301-Rear positioning block; 302-Guide roller; 4-Front support; 401-Front positioning block; 5-Lower pressure roller; 6-Upper pressure roller; 601-Slider; 602-Sliding bearing seat; 7-Cheet. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] This embodiment describes a photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the machine includes a frame 1, on which a horizontally arranged lower pressure roller 5 is provided. The lower pressure roller 5 has a length slightly larger than the width of the photovoltaic laminate being processed. An upper pressure roller 6 is set directly above the lower pressure roller 5 via a stand 2.

[0032] Based on the top generatrix of the lower pressure roller 5, a horizontally arranged front support 4 is set on the frame in front of the upper pressure roller 6 and the lower pressure roller 5, i.e., the operation and feeding station. The front support 4 is equipped with an adjustable front positioning block 401 along the working support surface of the front support 4. The adjustable distance mentioned here mainly refers to the distance between the front positioning block 401 and the lower pressure roller 5.

[0033] The lower pressure roller 5 is directly fixed to the frame 1 via the main bearing seat. One end of the lower pressure roller 5 is equipped with a power input shaft for connecting to the drive mechanism.

[0034] A rear support 3 is provided behind the upper pressure roller 6 and the lower pressure roller 5. The rear support 3 is provided with an adjustable rear positioning block 301 along the working support surface of the rear support 3. Similarly, the adjustable part here mainly refers to the distance between the rear positioning block 301 and the lower pressure roller 5. A set of guide rollers 302 arranged laterally and in parallel is also provided in the working support surface of the rear support 3. The gap between two adjacent guide rollers 302 is generally 4cm to ensure that the crushed glass can pass through the gap smoothly and be collected.

[0035] A chute 7 is provided in the frame 1. The receiving area of ​​the chute 7 includes the entire area below the lower pressure roller 5 and the rear support 3. The outlet of the chute is determined according to the actual application site and process, such as sliding directly onto the conveyor belt.

[0036] Furthermore, the upper pressure roller 6 is positioned in the frame 2 by a slider 601 and can be adjusted up and down along the frame 2. Specifically, the frame 2 includes columns 201 located at both ends of the upper pressure roller 6, and the columns 201 are provided with slide rails 202, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the upper pressure roller 6 has components at both ends that cooperate with the slide rail 202. The slider 601 is provided with an adjusting screw 203, and a spring 204 is fitted on the adjusting screw 203. The top of the stand 2 is provided with a sealing plate 205, and the spring 204 is located below the sealing plate 205. The adjusting screw 203 passes through the sealing plate 205 and is equipped with two adjusting nuts.

[0037] Both the upper pressure roller 6 and the lower pressure roller 5 have hard protrusions on their surfaces, with a height of 5 mm. The hard protrusions are evenly or irregularly arranged on the roller surface, and the protrusions are cylindrical, conical, or hemispherical in shape.

[0038] Example 1: The components at both ends of the upper pressure roller 6 that cooperate with the slide rail 202 and the slider 601 are separate structures. The slider 601 has a locking slot that cooperates with the roller shafts at both ends of the upper pressure roller 6, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the roller shaft is equipped with a sliding bearing in the section that mates with the slider 601 to ensure normal rotation of the upper pressure roller 6 relative to the slider 601. The components at both ends of the upper pressure roller 6 that mate with the slide rail 202 include sliding bearing seats 602 located at both ends of the roller shaft of the upper pressure roller 6. The sliding bearing seats 602 and the slide rail 202 are connected by square grooves (such as...). Figure 4 (as shown) or dovetail groove (as shown) Figure 5 As shown, a sliding mating surface is formed.

[0039] Example 2: The components at both ends of the upper pressure roller 6 that mate with the slide rail 202 and the slider 601 are an integral structure. In this structure, the slider 601 and the sliding bearing seat 602 are integrated, as shown below. Figure 6As shown, both sides of the width of the sliding bearing seat 602 and the slider 601 can serve as guide components. For example, the sliding bearing seat 602, as in Embodiment 1, mates with the slide rail 202, and a sliding mating surface can be formed through a square groove or a dovetail groove. Furthermore, to further improve the stability of the slider 601, guide wheels 603 are provided at both ends of the slider 601. The guide wheels 603 mate with the inner surface of the column 201 or a guide rail provided on the inner surface of the column, forming a multi-point guiding support.

[0040] Working principle: The photovoltaic laminates to be recycled are basically in a flat state. The photovoltaic laminates are placed on the front support 4, and the tail edge of the photovoltaic laminate is positioned by the front positioning block 401. The photovoltaic laminate is pushed forward, and the glass in the photovoltaic laminate is crushed under the pressure of the upper pressure roller 6 and the lower pressure roller 5. Most of the broken fragments will flow into the chute and be collected. A small amount of glass that is stuck to the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic laminate enters the rear support 3. On the rear support 3, appropriate vibration or light tapping can make the fragments that have separated from the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic laminate fall into the chute. The remaining fragments held in the mounting groove of the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic laminate enter the next process for further separation. This completes the initial recycling operation of the photovoltaic laminate.

[0041] The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications and substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention based on its teachings. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims, and all such equivalent modifications and substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame is provided with a lower pressure roller (5), and an upper pressure roller (6) is set directly above the lower pressure roller via a vertical frame (2). The upper pressure roller is positioned in the vertical frame by a slider (601) and can be moved up and down along the vertical frame for adjustment. A front support (4) is provided in front of the upper and lower pressure rollers on the frame, and a rear support (3) is provided behind the upper and lower pressure rollers. A chute (7) is provided below the lower pressure roller and the rear support in the frame.

2. The photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (2) includes columns (201) located at both ends of the upper pressure roller (6), with slide rails (202) provided in the columns, and components that cooperate with the slide rails provided at both ends of the upper pressure roller.

3. The photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slider (601) is provided with an adjusting screw (203), and a spring (204) is fitted on the adjusting screw. The top of the stand (2) is provided with a sealing plate (205), and the adjusting screw passes through the sealing plate and is equipped with an adjusting nut.

4. The photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The components that cooperate with the slide rail (202) at both ends of the upper pressure roller (6) include sliding bearing seats (602) located at both ends of the upper pressure roller shaft. The sliding bearing seats and the slide rail form a sliding mating surface through a square groove or a dovetail groove.

5. A photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The components that cooperate with the slide rail at both ends of the upper pressure roller (6) include guide wheels (603) on the slider (601), and the guide wheels cooperate with the guide rail provided on the inner side of the column (201) or the inner side of the column.

6. The photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower pressure roller (5) is fixed on the frame (1) by the main bearing seat, and one end of the lower pressure roller is equipped with a power input shaft.

7. A photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The components and slider (601) that cooperate with the slide rail at both ends of the upper pressure roller (6) are an integral structure.

8. A photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 2, 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that, The components that cooperate with the slide rail at both ends of the upper pressure roller (6) and the slider (601) are separate structures. The slider has a slot that cooperates with the roller shaft at both ends of the upper pressure roller. The roller shaft is provided with a sliding bearing in the shaft section that cooperates with the slider slot.

9. A photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfaces of the upper pressure roller (6) and the lower pressure roller (5) have hard protrusions, the height of which is 2 to 8 mm.

10. A photovoltaic laminate recycling and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front support (4) is provided with a front positioning block (401) that is adjustable along the working support surface of the front support; the rear support (3) is provided with a rear positioning block (301) that is adjustable along the working support surface of the rear support, and a guide roller (302) is provided in the working support surface of the rear support.

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