Garbage winnowing machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a garbage winnowing machine. Comprising a winnowing box internally provided with a winnowing cavity, the upper end of the winnowing cavity is provided with a feeding port, the lower end of the winnowing cavity is provided with a heavy material discharging port and a light material discharging port, one side of the winnowing cavity is provided with an air inlet, and the other side of the winnowing cavity is provided with an air outlet; the material distributing piece is arranged in the winnowing cavity; the material distributing piece comprises a bottom plate and a vertical baffle, and a distance is formed between the vertical baffle and the edge, close to the heavy material discharging opening, of the bottom plate. The air inlet pipe is connected to the outer wall of the winnowing box and communicates with the air inlet. Due to the design of the distance between the vertical baffle and the bottom plate, a small amount of materials can be stacked, and then heavy materials are firstly in contact with the stacked materials instead of directly colliding with the material distribution piece in the collision process, so that collision and abrasion to the material distribution piece are effectively reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste screening technology, and in particular, to a waste air separator. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional methods of construction waste disposal are often inefficient and have a significant environmental impact. With the acceleration of urbanization and the goal of building zero-waste cities, the resource-based disposal of construction waste has become an important issue. The development of construction waste treatment technology has evolved from simple landfilling to automated production and highly efficient resource utilization. The treatment and resource utilization of waste generated during urban construction and renovation can effectively achieve waste utilization. These wastes include concrete blocks, bricks, gypsum board, wood, plastics, etc., and have a complex composition.

[0003] In traditional construction waste treatment, the complex composition of construction waste, including concrete debris, glass, bricks, steel bars, packaging waste, wood, and waste furniture and building materials, makes processing and sorting these wastes quite challenging. In particular, the removal of small, lightweight particles after secondary crushing is particularly difficult. Existing technologies, such as patent CN221086357U, use feeding rollers (or deflecting rollers) for this purpose. However, these structures are easily damaged by material impact and friction, leading to high equipment maintenance costs and a short service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a waste air separator.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A waste air separator includes: an air separator box having an air separator chamber, wherein the air separator chamber has an inlet at the upper end and a heavy material outlet and a light material outlet at the lower end; an air inlet on one side and an air outlet on the other side of the air separator chamber; the heavy material outlet and the light material outlet are arranged alternately along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet; a material separating component disposed within the air separator chamber and located above and in the middle of the heavy material outlet and the light material outlet; the material separating component includes a base plate and a vertical baffle, the bottom of the vertical baffle being fixedly installed on the base plate, and the vertical baffle and the edge of the base plate near the heavy material outlet being spaced apart; and an air inlet pipe connected to the outer wall of the air separator box and communicating with the air inlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the feed inlet is located above the side of the air separation chamber where the air inlet is located; the side of the air separation chamber where the air inlet is located is provided with a chute, and the bottom of the chute is provided with a buffer groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the air separator is provided with a mounting plate for supporting the base plate. The base plate is provided with a first connecting hole, and the mounting plate is provided with a strip hole. The first connecting hole can be aligned with the strip hole at any position and fasteners can be installed to realize the position adjustment of the material separating component.

[0009] Furthermore, the air separator is provided with a side plate, and the mounting plate is fixedly disposed on the outside of the side plate. The side plate is provided with clearance holes for the bottom plate to pass through and move.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical baffle has reinforcing ribs between the side facing away from the heavy material outlet and the bottom plate.

[0011] Furthermore, an adjustable air guide plate is installed inside the air inlet duct to regulate the airflow path.

[0012] Furthermore, the air guide plate is hinged to the air inlet pipe and its position can be fixed by fasteners.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the air guide plate is provided with a hinge shaft, both ends of the hinge shaft extend out of the air inlet pipe and are provided with swing bars, the swing bars are provided with positioning ports, the outside of the air inlet pipe is provided with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is provided with an arc-shaped hole with the center of the hinge shaft as the center, the positioning port can be aligned with any position of the arc-shaped hole and fasteners can be installed to realize the angle adjustment of the air guide plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing plate is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the air inlet pipe by an overhead rod.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple air guide plates are arranged vertically.

[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The air separation chamber design effectively separates heavy and light materials, which are then discharged through a dedicated outlet, improving sorting efficiency and accuracy. The spacing between the vertical baffles and the bottom plate allows for the accumulation of a small amount of material, ensuring that heavy materials first contact the accumulated material during collisions, rather than directly impacting the sorting components. This effectively reduces collisions and wear on the sorting components, extending the equipment's lifespan. Reduced wear on the sorting components lowers the frequency of maintenance and replacement, thus reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the precise air separation process improves resource recycling rates, enabling more effective recovery of useful materials from construction waste.

[0018] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air separator structure;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the sub-components;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the air inlet duct and the air guide plate;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide plate.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the air guide plate.

[0027] Legend:

[0028] Air classifier 100, air classifier chamber 110, feed inlet 120, dust cover 121, heavy material discharge outlet 130, light material discharge outlet 140, air inlet 150, air outlet 160, air outlet pipe 161, chute 170, buffer trough 171, mounting plate 180, strip hole 181, side plate 190, clearance hole 191;

[0029] Component 200, base plate 210, vertical baffle 220, reinforcing rib 230;

[0030] Air inlet duct 300, fan 301, fixing plate 310, arc-shaped hole 311, overhead pole 320;

[0031] Air guide plate 400, hinge shaft 410, swing bar 420, positioning port 421. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0035] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a waste air separator, comprising an air separator box 100, a material separating component 200, and an air inlet pipe 300.

[0037] The air classifier 100 is assembled from multiple metal plates by fasteners or welding. The air classifier 100 has an air classifier chamber 110. The upper end of the air classifier chamber 110 is provided with a feed inlet 120, and the lower end is provided with a heavy material outlet 130 and a light material outlet 140. The upper end of the feed inlet 120 is provided with a dust cover 121, and the dust cover 121 has an opening on one side for material to enter.

[0038] The air separation chamber 110 has an air inlet 150 on one side and an air outlet 160 on the other side; the air inlet 150 and the air outlet 160 are located on the sidewalls surrounding the air separation chamber 110 and are higher than the discharge outlets 130 and 140 for heavy materials and light materials, respectively. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the air inlet 150 is located on the left side, and the air outlet 160 is located on the right side.

[0039] The heavy material outlet 130 and the light material outlet 140 are arranged alternately along the direction from the air inlet 150 to the air outlet 160, with the heavy material outlet 130 being closer to the air inlet 150. The heavy material outlet 130 is located below the inlet 120, meaning that after entering through the inlet 120, the heavy material falls into the heavy material outlet 130 with almost no airflow, while the light material is blown towards the light material outlet 140 by the airflow from the air inlet 150 to the air outlet 160 and is finally output from the light material outlet 140. It is understood that, in order to achieve automatic conveying of the screened materials, conveyor belts are provided below the heavy material outlet 130 and the light material outlet 140 to transport the screened heavy and light materials out, preventing material accumulation below.

[0040] The material separating component 200 is located inside the air separation chamber 110 and is situated above and midway between the heavy material outlet 130 and the light material outlet 140. The material separating component 200 includes a base plate 210 and a vertical baffle 220. The bottom of the vertical baffle 220 is fixedly installed on the base plate 210, and the vertical baffle 220 blocks the heavy material to prevent it from rolling into the light material outlet 140. There is a gap between the vertical baffle 220 and the edge of the base plate 210 near the heavy material outlet 130. An air inlet pipe 300 is connected to the outer wall of the air separation box 100 and communicates with the air inlet 150. Because there is a gap between the vertical baffle 220 and the bottom plate 210 near the edge of the heavy material outlet 130, a small amount of heavy material will first accumulate between the vertical baffle 220 and the bottom plate 210. This prevents subsequent material from directly impacting the vertical baffle 220 and the bottom plate 210, but instead causes direct impact with the accumulated material. This reduces impact wear on the vertical baffle 220 and the bottom plate 210, increases their lifespan, and reduces maintenance frequency and costs. A fan 301 is connected to the outside of the air inlet duct 300, and an air outlet duct 161 is connected to the outside of the air outlet 160. The air outlet duct 161 is connected to the air inlet end of the fan 301 through a pipeline to achieve circulating airflow. The air inlet 150 allows air to enter in order to blow light materials away, thereby achieving material separation. The air outlet duct 161 draws air in to create a negative pressure outlet for the airflow in the air separation chamber 110, preventing dust from overflowing from other open outlets (such as the feeding port, heavy material outlet, and light material outlet), thus playing a dust suppression role.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a waste air separator, through the design of the air separation chamber 110, effectively separates heavy and light materials, which are then discharged through a dedicated outlet, thereby improving sorting efficiency and accuracy. The spacing between the vertical baffle 220 and the bottom plate 210 allows for the accumulation of a small amount of material, ensuring that heavy materials first contact the accumulated material during collisions, rather than directly colliding with the sorting component 200. This effectively reduces collisions and wear on the sorting component 200, extending the equipment's service life. Reduced wear on the sorting component 200 lowers the frequency of equipment maintenance and replacement, thus reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, it improves resource recycling rates: the precise air separation process allows for more effective recycling of useful materials from construction waste.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments of this utility model, the feed inlet 120 is located above the side of the air separation chamber 110 where the air inlet 150 is located; a chute 170 is provided on the side of the air separation chamber 110 where the air inlet 150 is located. The chute 170 buffers and decelerates the material, preventing it from falling directly and straight down, thus avoiding incomplete sorting due to the high falling speed. Some lightweight materials may not be blown towards the lightweight material outlet 140 due to their high falling speed. A buffer groove 171 is provided at the bottom of the chute 170. A certain amount of aggregate accumulates in the buffer groove 171. Newly entering material impacts the accumulated aggregate instead of the chute 170 itself, thereby reducing wear. The accumulated material is renewed under continuous impact, and can be cleaned out during machine maintenance and cleaning.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of this utility model, the air separator 100 is provided with a mounting plate 180 for supporting the base plate 210. The base plate 210 has a first connecting hole, and the mounting plate 180 has a strip-shaped hole 181. The first connecting hole can be aligned with any position of the strip-shaped hole 181 and fasteners can be installed to realize the position adjustment of the material separating component 200. The length direction of the strip-shaped hole 181 is the left-right direction, thereby adjusting the distance between the vertical baffle 220 and the air inlet 150, which can be adaptively adjusted according to the characteristics of the material and the wind force. The fasteners can be bolts and nuts. When adjusting, simply loosen the nuts and tighten them after adjusting to the appropriate position.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4In a further embodiment of this utility model, the air separator 100 is provided with a side plate 190, which is part of the peripheral sidewall of the air separator chamber 110. A mounting plate 180 is fixedly disposed on the outside of the side plate 190. The side plate 190 is provided with a clearance hole 191 for the bottom plate 210 to pass through and move, thereby avoiding structural interference. The mounting plate 180 is fixedly disposed on the outside of the side plate 190 to facilitate position adjustment of the material distribution component 200 from outside the air separator 100, thus facilitating operation.

[0045] Reference Figure 4 In a further embodiment of the present invention, the vertical baffle 220 has a reinforcing rib 230 between the side of the vertical baffle 220 facing away from the heavy material outlet 130 and the bottom plate 210, thereby improving the structural strength of the vertical baffle 220 and making the vertical baffle 220 less likely to deform or be damaged under the impact of the material.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 In a further embodiment of this utility model, an adjustable air guide plate 400 is installed inside the air inlet pipe 300 to adjust the airflow path, thereby adjusting the screening effect on the material by adjusting the airflow path. This allows the airflow path to be adjusted to a position that is suitable for the material and can achieve a better sorting effect.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the air guide plate 400 is hinged to the air inlet pipe 300 and can be fixed in position by fasteners. The hinge axis is set horizontally, so the up and down wind direction can be adjusted by rotating the air guide plate 400.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7In a further embodiment of this utility model, a hinge shaft 410 is provided at one end of the air guide plate 400, and the air guide plate 400 and the hinge shaft 410 can be fixedly connected by fasteners or welding. Both ends of the hinge shaft 410 extend out of the air inlet pipe 300 and are provided with swing bars 420. Positioning ports 421 are provided on the swing bars 420. A fixing plate 310 is provided on the outer side of the air inlet pipe 300. The fixing plate 310 has an arc-shaped hole 311 centered on the hinge shaft 410. The positioning port 421 can be aligned with any position of the arc-shaped hole 311 and fasteners can be installed to achieve angle adjustment of the air guide plate 400. The fasteners can be bolts and nuts. The air inlet pipe 300 is composed of multiple metal plates spliced ​​together, which can be spliced ​​by welding or fasteners. By changing the alignment position of the positioning port 421 and the arc-shaped hole 311, the angle of the air guide plate 400 can be adjusted, and the fasteners are used to fix it after angle adjustment. The positioning port 421 is a U-shaped groove with a certain length. As long as it is aligned with the arc-shaped hole 311 within its length range, the requirements for machining accuracy are reduced. During installation, the hinge shaft 410 can be installed first. After the hinge shaft is installed in place, the swing bar 420 can be fixed to the hinge shaft 410 by fasteners or welding.

[0049] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the fixing plate 310 is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 300 by a support rod 320, so that there is a gap between the fixing plate 310 and the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 300, which facilitates the accommodation and operation of bolt heads or nuts.

[0050] In a further embodiment of this utility model, multiple air guide plates 400 are arranged vertically, thereby increasing the adjustment coverage range.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A waste air separator, characterized in that, include: An air classifier (100) has an air classifier chamber (110) inside. The air classifier chamber (110) has a feed inlet (120) at the upper end and a heavy material outlet (130) and a light material outlet (140) at the lower end. The air classifier chamber (110) has an air inlet (150) on one side and an air outlet (160) on the other side. The heavy material outlet (130) and the light material outlet (140) are arranged alternately along the direction from the air inlet (150) to the air outlet (160). A material separating component (200) is disposed inside the air separation chamber (110) and located above the heavy material outlet (130) and the light material outlet (140). The material separating component (200) includes a base plate (210) and a vertical baffle (220). The bottom of the vertical baffle (220) is fixedly installed on the base plate (210), and the vertical baffle (220) and the base plate (210) are spaced apart near the edge of the heavy material outlet (130). An air inlet pipe (300) is connected to the outer wall of the air separation box (100) and communicates with the air inlet (150).

2. The waste air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed inlet (120) is located above the side of the air classifier (110) where the air inlet (150) is located; the side of the air classifier (110) where the air inlet (150) is located is provided with a chute (170), and the bottom of the chute (170) is provided with a buffer groove (171).

3. The waste air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air separator (100) is provided with a mounting plate (180) for supporting the base plate (210). The base plate (210) is provided with a first connecting hole, and the mounting plate (180) is provided with a strip hole (181). The first connecting hole can be aligned with the strip hole (181) at any position and fasteners can be installed to realize the position adjustment of the material distribution component (200).

4. The waste air separator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air separator (100) is provided with a side plate (190), and the mounting plate (180) is fixedly disposed on the outside of the side plate (190). The side plate (190) is provided with a clearance hole (191) for the bottom plate (210) to pass through and move.

5. The waste air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical baffle (220) has a reinforcing rib (230) between the side facing away from the heavy material outlet (130) and the bottom plate (210).

6. The waste air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjustable air guide plate (400) is installed inside the air inlet pipe (300) to adjust the airflow path.

7. The waste air separator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air guide plate (400) is hinged to the air inlet pipe (300) and its position can be fixed by fasteners.

8. The waste air separator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air guide plate (400) has a hinge shaft (410) at one end. The hinge shaft (410) extends out of the air inlet pipe (300) at both ends and has a swing bar (420). The swing bar (420) has a positioning port (421). The air inlet pipe (300) has a fixing plate (310) on the outside. The fixing plate (310) has an arc-shaped hole (311) with the center of the hinge shaft (410) as the center. The positioning port (421) can be aligned with the arc-shaped hole (311) at any position and a fastener can be installed to realize the angle adjustment of the air guide plate (400).

9. The waste air separator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fixing plate (310) is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the air inlet pipe (300) by a support rod (320).

10. The waste air separator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air guide plates (400) are arranged vertically in multiples.

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