Hydraulic damping adjusting device of shock absorber

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a hydraulic damping adjusting device of a shock absorber, the shock absorber comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod sleeved with a piston valve body, the piston valve body divides an inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity, the piston rod is provided with a throttling channel, and a throttling rod axially slides on the piston rod. A pre-tightening spring is arranged between the throttling rod and the throttling channel, the hydraulic damping adjusting device comprises a hydraulic adjusting end cover, an adjusting cavity is formed in the hydraulic adjusting end cover, and the adjusting cavity and the throttling rod are matched with a hydraulic push rod on the hydraulic adjusting end cover through a plunger to be in transmission connection. According to the utility model, the throttle lever is driven to axially move in a hydraulic mode so as to adjust the flow area of the throttle channel and realize the damping force adjustment of oil flowing, so that the problems of time and labor waste and low adjustment efficiency caused by mechanical transmission matched adjustment are avoided, and meanwhile, the problem of leakage of damping oil in the prior art is effectively solved.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of shock absorber technology, and specifically refers to a hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber. Background technology:

[0002] The damping adjustable shock absorber disclosed in the existing Chinese invention patent (authorization announcement number CN109764077B) includes a cylinder body, the interior of which forms a sealed oil cavity. A sealing seat is disposed in the oil cavity and is in close contact with the cylinder body, dividing the oil cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. A connecting rod assembly is tightly inserted through the sealing seat. The connecting rod assembly includes a throttling sleeve and a throttling element. The connecting rod assembly also has a liquid channel. The throttling sleeve forms a throttling channel. A throttling orifice is formed on the connecting rod assembly and is located in the second cavity. The first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the throttling channel, the liquid channel, and the throttling orifice. A throttling head is disposed at one end of the throttling element near the throttling sleeve. The throttling head is shaped to taper towards the throttling sleeve. The throttling element is movable relative to the throttling sleeve. The throttling head can extend into the throttling channel to close the throttling channel. Furthermore, the connecting rod assembly also includes an adjusting rod and a return spring. The adjusting rod is slidably disposed in the piston rod, and the return spring is sleeved on the throttling element and located between the throttling sleeve and the adjusting rod. The tail end of the adjusting rod has a first inclined surface structure. The connecting rod assembly also includes an adjusting component, which includes an adjusting seat and an adjusting knob. The adjusting knob is sleeved on the adjusting seat, and the adjusting seat and the adjusting knob are threaded together. The adjusting knob is connected to an adjusting block, and the bottom end of the adjusting block has a second inclined surface structure. The first inclined surface structure and the second inclined surface structure are slidably engaged.

[0003] Turning the adjustment knob inward causes the adjustment block to move axially, which in turn pushes the adjustment rod and the throttling element to move axially. When the throttling element moves axially relative to the throttling sleeve, the throttling head of the throttling element extends into the throttling channel, changing the flow area of ​​the throttling channel, or even blocking the throttling channel. This changes the flow area of ​​the oil reciprocating between the first and second chambers, thus adjusting the damping force of the oil flow to meet the vibration reduction and reset requirements under different operating conditions.

[0004] However, in the above structure, the oil inside the cylinder will flow to the adjusting seat along the fit gap between the piston rod, the throttling device, and the adjusting rod. Even if a sealing ring is set at the tail of the adjusting rod to prevent the oil from continuing to leak out, after several actual shock damping adjustments, the axial movement of the adjusting rod will inevitably reduce the sealing performance of the sealing ring at that point. Eventually, the oil will leak out through the adjusting seat at the adjusting knob, which will seriously affect the normal shock absorption effect of the shock absorber. Summary of the Invention:

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber. It uses hydraulic force to drive the throttle rod to move axially, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the throttle channel and adjusting the damping force of the oil flow. This not only makes the adjustment operation convenient and effortless, but also effectively solves the problem of damping oil leakage in the prior art.

[0006] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0007] A hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber includes a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod with a piston valve body mounted on it, the lower end of which slides axially within the hydraulic cylinder. The piston valve body divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into an upper oil chamber and a lower oil chamber. The piston rod has a throttling channel connecting the upper and lower oil chambers, and a throttling rod slides axially at the center hole of the piston rod. The axial movement of the throttling rod can adjust the flow area of ​​the throttling channel, and a preload spring is provided between the throttling rod and the throttling channel. The hydraulic damping adjustment device includes a hydraulic adjustment end cap located at the upper end of the piston rod. The hydraulic adjustment end cap has an adjustment chamber that flows with the hydraulic drive assembly. The adjustment chamber and the upper end of the throttling rod are connected by a hydraulic push rod that is fitted with a plunger on the hydraulic adjustment end cap. The hydraulic pressure in the adjustment chamber is controlled by the hydraulic drive assembly to drive the throttling rod to move axially.

[0008] In the hydraulic damping adjustment device of the above-mentioned shock absorber, the shock absorber includes an outer cylinder with its lower port sleeved on a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic adjustment end cap is fixed at the upper port of the outer cylinder. The lower end of the hydraulic adjustment end cap has a lower assembly hole for fixing the upper end of the piston rod, and the upper end has an upper assembly hole communicating with the lower assembly hole. The upper assembly hole is connected to the hydraulic drive component through an oil circuit connector and a pipeline. The hydraulic drive component is connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder through a fixing bracket.

[0009] In the hydraulic damping adjustment device of the above-mentioned shock absorber, the upper mounting hole and the lower mounting hole are both arranged on the same axis as the piston rod. The hydraulic push rod includes a lower push rod with a plunger engaged in the lower mounting hole and an upper push rod with a plunger engaged in the upper mounting hole or the inner hole of the oil circuit connector. The lower end of the upper push rod extends into the lower mounting hole and abuts against the upper end of the lower push rod, and the lower end of the lower push rod abuts against the upper end of the throttle rod.

[0010] In the hydraulic damping adjustment device of the above-mentioned shock absorber, the hydraulic drive component includes an adjustment cylinder, a piston in the adjustment cylinder is fitted with a hydraulic piston, the driving end of the hydraulic piston is connected to the power source for transmission, the hydraulic end and the adjustment cylinder form a hydraulic chamber, and the hydraulic chamber is connected to the adjustment chamber through a pipeline.

[0011] In the hydraulic damping adjustment device of the above-mentioned shock absorber, the driving end of the hydraulic piston and the adjusting oil cylinder are threaded together. The power source is a hydraulic adjusting cap fitted on the driving end of the hydraulic piston. The tail end of the fastening screw passes through the hydraulic adjusting cap and is screwed onto the driving end of the hydraulic piston to achieve a fixed fit between the hydraulic adjusting cap and the hydraulic piston.

[0012] In the hydraulic damping adjustment device of the above-mentioned shock absorber, the driving end of the hydraulic piston rotates through the bushing and slides axially on the adjusting oil cylinder. A radial through hole is opened on the diameter of the driving end of the hydraulic piston. Positioning steel balls are placed at both ends of the radial through hole. A compression spring is installed in the radial through hole, with its two ends abutting against the corresponding positioning steel balls. An even number of positioning grooves that allow the positioning steel balls to partially enter are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the adjusting oil cylinder.

[0013] In the hydraulic damping adjustment device of the above-mentioned shock absorber, an oil replenishment hole is provided on the adjusting oil cylinder located in the hydraulic chamber, and a plug capable of sealing the oil replenishment hole is provided in the oil replenishment hole, and a sealing screw is threadedly connected to the outer port of the oil replenishment hole.

[0014] In the hydraulic damping adjustment device of the above-mentioned shock absorber, a throttling sleeve is fitted at the lower end of the piston rod, and the piston valve body and the throttling channel are both arranged on the throttling sleeve.

[0015] The outstanding advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are:

[0016] This utility model has a simple structure, reasonable design, and reliable adjustment. By using hydraulic means to drive the throttle rod to move axially, the flow area of ​​the throttle channel is adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the damping force of the oil flow. This not only avoids the problems of time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient adjustment caused by mechanical transmission, but also effectively solves the problem of damping oil leakage in the prior art. Attached image description:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the shock absorber of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an overall sectional view of the shock absorber of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the hydraulic drive component of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Hydraulic cylinder; 2. Piston valve body; 3. Piston rod; 4. Upper oil chamber; 5. Lower oil chamber; 6. Throttling channel; 7. Throttling rod; 8. Preload spring; 9. Hydraulic adjusting end cap; 10. Adjusting chamber; 11. Hydraulic push rod; 12. Outer cylinder; 13. Oil circuit connector; 14. Fixing bracket; 15. Lower push rod; 16. Upper push rod; 17. Adjusting oil cylinder; 18. Hydraulic piston; 19. Hydraulic chamber; 20. Hydraulic adjusting cap; 21. Fastening screw; 22. Positioning steel ball; 23. Compression spring; 24. Positioning groove; 25. Oil replenishment through hole; 26. Sealing plug; 27. Sealing screw; 28. Throttling sleeve; 29. ​​Inner cylinder. Detailed implementation method:

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. See also: Figure 1 —3:

[0022] A hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber includes a hydraulic cylinder 1 and a piston rod 3 with its lower end axially sliding inside the hydraulic cylinder 1 and fitted with a piston valve body 2. The piston valve body 2 divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 into an upper oil chamber 4 and a lower oil chamber 5. The piston rod 3 has a throttling channel 6 connecting the upper oil chamber 4 and the lower oil chamber 5, and a throttling rod 7 axially slides at the center hole of the piston rod 3. The axial movement of the throttling rod 7 can adjust the flow area of ​​the throttling channel 6, and a preload spring 8 is provided between the throttling rod 7 and the throttling channel 6. The hydraulic damping adjustment device includes a hydraulic adjustment end cap 9 disposed at the upper end of the piston rod 3. The hydraulic adjustment end cap 9 is provided with an adjustment chamber 10 that flows with the liquid of a hydraulic drive assembly. The adjustment chamber 10 and the upper end of the throttling rod 7 are connected by a hydraulic push rod 11 that is fitted with a plunger on the hydraulic adjustment end cap 9. The hydraulic pressure of the adjustment chamber 10 is controlled by the hydraulic drive assembly to drive the throttling rod 7 to move axially. The elastic force of the preload spring 8 and the hydraulic force within the adjusting chamber 10 enable the throttle rod 7 to move stably axially along the piston rod 3. The plunger engagement of the hydraulic push rod 11, while hydraulically propelling the throttle rod 7 axially, also effectively blocks the damping oil within the hydraulic cylinder 1, resulting in good sealing. Furthermore, the piston valve body 2, as an existing structure, has two unidirectional channels in opposite directions and valve plates covering the corresponding ports of these channels. When the piston rod 3 drives the piston valve body 2 to move axially along the hydraulic cylinder 1, a small portion of the damping oil in the upper oil chamber 4 or lower oil chamber 5 can pass through the corresponding unidirectional channel, pushing open the valve plates and entering the lower oil chamber 5 or upper oil chamber 4.

[0023] This utility model has a simple structure, reasonable design, and reliable adjustment. By using hydraulic means to drive the throttle rod 7 to move axially, the flow area of ​​the throttle channel 6 is adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the damping force of the damping oil flow. This not only avoids the problems of time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient adjustment caused by mechanical transmission, but also effectively solves the problem of damping oil leakage in the prior art.

[0024] In this embodiment, the shock absorber is a dual-cavity shock absorber, meaning it includes an outer cylinder 12 with its lower port fitted onto the hydraulic cylinder 1. A hydraulic adjustment end cap 9 is fixed to the upper port of the outer cylinder 12. The lower end of the hydraulic adjustment end cap 9 has a lower mounting hole for fixing the upper end of the piston rod 3, and the upper end has an upper mounting hole communicating with the lower mounting hole. The upper mounting hole allows fluid flow to the hydraulic drive assembly via an oil line connector 13 and pipelines. The hydraulic drive assembly is connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder 12 via a fixing bracket 14. Alternatively, the hydraulic drive assembly can be directly fixed to the hydraulic adjustment end cap 9.

[0025] Furthermore, both the upper and lower mounting holes are coaxially aligned with the piston rod 3. To ensure the sealing of the damping oil within the shock absorber, this invention splits the hydraulic push rod 11 into two separate structures, each with a plunger at a different position. Specifically, the hydraulic push rod 11 includes a lower push rod 15 with a plunger fitted into the lower mounting hole, and an upper push rod 16 with a plunger fitted into the upper mounting hole or the inner hole of the oil line connector 13. The lower end of the upper push rod 16 extends into the lower mounting hole and abuts against the upper end of the lower push rod 15, while the lower end of the lower push rod 15 abuts against the upper end of the throttle rod 7. Thus, even if the plunger sealing of the lower push rod 15 fails, it can still ensure that the damping oil does not leak, and the adjusting chamber 10 can still reliably and stably push the upper push rod 16, the lower push rod 15, and the throttle rod 7 axially.

[0026] Meanwhile, as a dual-chamber shock absorber, the shock absorber also has an inner cylinder 29 installed between the outer cylinder 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the lower ends of the inner cylinder 29 and the hydraulic cylinder 1 are relatively fixed. The piston rod 3 in the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the piston rod 3 in the outer cylinder 12 are both equipped with damping springs. When the shock absorber is working, the shock absorber uses the damping springs to realize the contraction and rebound between the outer cylinder 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 1. The damping oil circulates due to the contraction and rebound between the outer cylinder 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 1 to effectively absorb vibration energy.

[0027] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive assembly can be a hydraulic power device such as a power cylinder. In this embodiment, in order to effectively control costs, the hydraulic drive assembly includes an adjusting cylinder 17, in which a hydraulic piston 18 is fitted with a plunger. The driving end of the hydraulic piston 18 is connected to the power source, and the hydraulic end forms a hydraulic chamber 19 with the adjusting cylinder 17. The hydraulic chamber 19 is connected to the adjusting chamber 10 through a pipe.

[0028] Furthermore, the power source can directly use an electrically controlled telescopic power source to drive the hydraulic piston 18, thereby adjusting the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 19 and the regulating chamber 10. In this embodiment, the power source adopts a manual drive adjustment method: the driving end of the hydraulic piston 18 and the regulating oil cylinder 17 are threaded together. The power source is a hydraulic adjusting cap 20 fitted on the driving end of the hydraulic piston 18. The tail end of the fastening screw 21 passes through the hydraulic adjusting cap 20 and is screwed onto the driving end of the hydraulic piston 18 to achieve a fixed fit between the hydraulic adjusting cap 20 and the hydraulic piston 18. That is, by directly turning the hydraulic adjusting cap 20, the hydraulic piston 18 can be effectively driven to move axially within the regulating oil cylinder 17.

[0029] To facilitate rotational adjustment by the operator, the drive end of the hydraulic piston 18 is axially slidably fitted onto the adjusting cylinder 17 via a bushing. A radial through-hole is formed on the diameter of the drive end of the hydraulic piston 18, with positioning steel balls 22 placed at both ends of the radial through-hole. Compression springs 23, with their ends respectively abutting against the corresponding positioning steel balls 22, are installed inside the radial through-hole. An even number of positioning grooves 24 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 17, allowing partial entry of the positioning steel balls 22. This design and fit between the positioning grooves 24 and the positioning steel balls 22 allows the hydraulic piston 18 to achieve multiple adjustment positions during rotation. Specifically, as the hydraulic piston 18 rotates, the positioning steel balls 22 can separate from the previous positioning groove 24 and enter the next positioning groove 24, simultaneously providing feedback force to the operator to indicate that the next adjustment position has been entered.

[0030] Furthermore, in order to replenish the hydraulic chamber 19 and the regulating chamber 10 with oil, an oil replenishment through hole 25 is provided on the regulating oil cylinder 17 located in the hydraulic chamber 19. A plug 26 capable of sealing the oil replenishment through hole 25 is provided inside the oil replenishment through hole 25, and a plug screw 27 is threadedly connected to the outer port of the oil replenishment through hole 25.

[0031] Furthermore, the specific structure of the lower end of the piston rod 3 inside the hydraulic cylinder 1 is as follows: a throttling sleeve 28 is fitted onto the lower end of the piston rod 3, and the piston valve body 2 and the throttling channel 6 are both mounted on the throttling sleeve 28.

[0032] The above embodiments are only one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape, structure and principle of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber, the shock absorber comprising a hydraulic cylinder (1) and a piston rod (3) having its lower end axially sliding within the hydraulic cylinder (1) and fitted with a piston valve body (2), the piston valve body (2) dividing the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (1) into an upper oil chamber (4) and a lower oil chamber (5), the piston rod (3) having a throttling channel (6) connecting the upper oil chamber (4) and the lower oil chamber (5), and a throttling rod (7) axially sliding at the center hole of the piston rod (3), the axial movement of the throttling rod (7) adjusting the flow area of ​​the throttling channel (6), and a preload spring (8) provided between the throttling rod (7) and the throttling channel (6), characterized in that: The hydraulic damping adjustment device includes a hydraulic adjustment end cap (9) located at the upper end of the piston rod (3). The hydraulic adjustment end cap (9) is provided with an adjustment chamber (10) that flows with the liquid of the hydraulic drive assembly. The adjustment chamber (10) is connected to the upper end of the throttle rod (7) by a hydraulic push rod (11) that is fitted with a plunger on the hydraulic adjustment end cap (9). The hydraulic pressure of the adjustment chamber (10) is controlled by the hydraulic drive assembly to drive the throttle rod (7) to move axially.

2. The hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorber includes an outer cylinder (12) with its lower end sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder (1). The hydraulic adjustment end cap (9) is fixed at the upper end of the outer cylinder (12). The lower end of the hydraulic adjustment end cap (9) is provided with a lower assembly hole for fixing the upper end of the piston rod (3), and the upper end is provided with an upper assembly hole communicating with the lower assembly hole. The upper assembly hole is connected to the hydraulic drive assembly via an oil circuit connector (13) and a pipeline. The hydraulic drive assembly is connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder (12) via a fixing bracket (14).

3. The hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower assembly holes are both set on the same axis as the piston rod (3). The hydraulic push rod (11) includes a lower push rod (15) with a plunger fitted on the lower assembly hole, and an upper push rod (16) with a plunger fitted on the inner hole of the upper assembly hole or the oil circuit connector (13). The lower end of the upper push rod (16) extends into the lower assembly hole and abuts against the upper end of the lower push rod (15). The lower end of the lower push rod (15) abuts against the upper end of the throttle rod (7).

4. A hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive assembly includes an adjusting cylinder (17), a hydraulic piston (18) is fitted inside the adjusting cylinder (17) with a plunger, the driving end of the hydraulic piston (18) is connected to the power source for transmission, and the hydraulic end forms a hydraulic chamber (19) with the adjusting cylinder (17). The hydraulic chamber (19) is connected to the adjusting chamber (10) through a pipe.

5. The hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving end of the hydraulic piston (18) and the adjusting oil cylinder (17) are threaded together. The power source is a hydraulic adjusting cap (20) fitted on the driving end of the hydraulic piston (18). The tail end of the fastening screw (21) passes through the hydraulic adjusting cap (20) and is screwed onto the driving end of the hydraulic piston (18) to achieve a fixed fit between the hydraulic adjusting cap (20) and the hydraulic piston (18).

6. The hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving end of the hydraulic piston (18) rotates and slides axially on the adjusting oil cylinder (17) through the bushing. A radial through hole is provided on the diameter of the driving end of the hydraulic piston (18). A positioning steel ball (22) is placed at both ends of the radial through hole. A compression spring (23) is provided in the radial through hole, with its two ends abutting against the corresponding positioning steel ball (22). An even number of positioning grooves (24) that allow the positioning steel ball (22) to partially enter are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the adjusting oil cylinder (17).

7. The hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: An oil replenishment hole (25) is provided on the regulating oil cylinder (17) located in the hydraulic chamber (19). A plug (26) capable of sealing the oil replenishment hole (25) is provided inside the oil replenishment hole (25), and a plug screw (27) is threadedly connected to the outer port of the oil replenishment hole (25).

8. The hydraulic damping adjustment device for a shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the piston rod (3) is fitted with a throttling sleeve (28), and the piston valve body (2) and the throttling channel (6) are both located on the throttling sleeve (28).

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