Spherical end socket for petroleum refining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spherical end socket for petroleum refining, which relates to the technical field of end sockets and comprises a spherical end socket body, the spherical end socket body comprises an elliptical section head and a transition section arranged at the bottom of the elliptical section head, and the elliptical section head and the transition section are arranged in a one-step forming manner; a supporting ring of an annular structure is arranged at the top of the interior of the oval section head, a plurality of protruding ribs extending outwards in the radial direction are arranged on the outer cylinder wall of the supporting ring and distributed in the circumferential direction of the supporting ring, all the protruding ribs are upwards-protruding arc-shaped edges, and the tops of all the protruding ribs are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the oval section head. A cavity is formed in the interlayer of the oval section head, an upper thickened supporting seat is arranged at the center of the top in the cavity, and a lower thickened supporting seat is arranged at the center of the bottom in the cavity; the structural strength and stability of the spherical end socket body can be effectively improved, the impact resistance of the spherical end socket body is improved, and the spherical end socket body is not prone to being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of end cap technology, specifically a spherical end cap for petroleum refining. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical heads, also known as spherical crown heads, are heads formed by the spherical crown portion of a spherical shell. They come in two main types: hemispherical heads and spherical heads without folded edges. Spherical heads are typically made of materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, and alloy steel. They are suitable for handling gases, liquids, and steam. Machining methods include high-precision CNC lathe turning, conventional lathe precision turning, and argon arc welding. Spherical heads are finely forged, have a smooth surface, are resistant to acids, alkalis, and high temperatures, have an attractive appearance, and strong performance. They are used in industries such as petroleum, electronics, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, food, machinery, construction, nuclear power, aerospace, and military.

[0003] Conventional end caps have a simple structure and cannot meet the needs of various pressure vessels and boilers. They are also prone to damage due to poor stress resistance, which poses a safety hazard. Therefore, it is necessary to improve end caps. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spherical head for petroleum refining, which can effectively improve the strength and stability of the spherical head body structure, enhance its impact resistance, and make the spherical head body less prone to damage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a spherical head for petroleum refining, comprising a spherical head body, the spherical head body including an elliptical head segment and a transition segment disposed at the bottom of the elliptical head segment, wherein the elliptical head segment and the transition segment are formed in one piece; a support ring with an annular structure is disposed at the top inside the elliptical head segment, and a plurality of radially outwardly extending ribs are provided on the outer wall of the support ring, the plurality of ribs being arranged circumferentially along the support ring, all the ribs being upwardly convex arc-shaped ridges, and the top of all the ribs being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elliptical head segment; a cavity is opened inside the interlayer of the elliptical head segment, an upper thickened support seat is disposed at the center of the top of the cavity, and a lower thickened support seat is disposed at the center of the bottom of the cavity; the outer wall of the upper thickened support seat is provided with a plurality of outwardly extending upper arc-shaped ribs fixedly connected to the top of the cavity, and the outer wall of the lower thickened support seat is provided with a plurality of outwardly extending lower arc-shaped ribs fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity; the cavity is in a vacuum state.

[0006] In order to improve the overall load-bearing capacity of the spherical head body, as a preferred embodiment of the spherical head for petroleum refining of this utility model, several support rods are provided between the upper thickened support and the lower thickened support, and between the upper arc rib and the lower arc rib.

[0007] To make the spherical head body more stable when subjected to external forces, as a preferred embodiment of the spherical head for petroleum refining of this utility model, a plurality of connecting ribs are provided between two adjacent ribs. All the connecting ribs are upwardly convex arc plates, and the top of all the connecting ribs are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elliptical segment head. The length of the plurality of connecting ribs between two adjacent ribs decreases toward the support ring.

[0008] In order to facilitate the selection of a suitable material for the spherical head body based on the usage environment, medium, strength requirements, and corrosion resistance requirements, the preferred material for the spherical head body used in petroleum refining according to this utility model can be carbon steel, stainless steel, or alloy steel.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0010] In this invention, the support ring and multiple ribs at the top of the spherical head body serve as additional support structures, which can optimize the force transmission path inside the hemispherical shell, allowing external forces to be transmitted more evenly to all parts of the hemispherical shell, reducing excessive local stress, dispersing the pressure on the top of the hemispherical shell, thereby enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the entire structure and effectively improving the strength and stability of the structure.

[0011] The spherical head body has a cavity inside the interlayer. The cavity reduces the overall weight and can better absorb and disperse impact energy, giving the spherical head body good thermal insulation performance. Multiple upper and lower arc ribs inside the cavity can optimize the cavity thickness, ensuring that the spherical head body has sufficient rigidity and strength, thereby improving the impact resistance of the spherical head body, strengthening the structure of the spherical head body and making it less prone to damage. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the AA-direction structure;

[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below.

[0015] In the figure: 1. Spherical head body; 2. Elliptical head segment; 3. Transition segment; 4. Support ring; 5. Raised rib; 6. Cavity; 7. Upper thickened support; 8. Lower thickened support; 9. Upper arc rib; 10. Lower arc rib; 11. Support rod; 12. Connecting edge. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Please see Figures 1 to 3A spherical head for petroleum refining includes a spherical head body 1, which includes an elliptical head segment 2 and a transition segment 3 located at the bottom of the elliptical head segment 2, wherein the elliptical head segment 2 and the transition segment 3 are formed in one piece; a ring-shaped support ring 4 is provided at the top inside the elliptical head segment 2, and multiple radially outwardly extending ribs 5 are provided on the outer wall of the support ring 4, which are arranged circumferentially along the support ring 4. All ribs 5 are upwardly convex arc-shaped ridges, and the tops of all ribs 5 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elliptical head segment 2; a cavity 6 is provided inside the interlayer of the elliptical head segment 2, and an upper thickened support 7 is provided at the center of the top inside the cavity 6, and a lower thickened support 8 is provided at the center of the bottom inside the cavity 6; multiple outwardly extending upper arc-shaped ribs 9 are provided on the outer wall of the upper thickened support 7 and fixedly connected to the top inside the cavity 6, and multiple outwardly extending lower arc-shaped ribs 10 are provided on the outer wall of the lower thickened support 8 and fixedly connected to the bottom inside the cavity 6; the cavity 6 is in a vacuum state.

[0017] In this embodiment: the stress at the top of the elliptical head 2 is dispersed to the transition section 3, which reduces the stress value per unit area of ​​the elliptical head 2 and reduces the risk of failure due to stress concentration; after the spherical head body 1 is subjected to force, the support ring 4, as an additional support structure, can increase the overall stiffness of the elliptical head 2, making it more resistant to deformation when subjected to external forces. Furthermore, the combination of the support ring 4 and the hemispherical shell can form a more stable structural system, improving the overturning resistance and deformation resistance of the overall structure of the spherical head body 1; and the force transmission path inside the hemispherical shell can be optimized through multiple convex ribs 5, multiple upper arc ribs 9, and multiple lower arc ribs 10, allowing external forces to be transmitted more evenly to all parts of the hemispherical shell, reducing excessive local stress, dispersing the pressure on the top of the hemispherical shell, thereby enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the entire structure. This design effectively improves the strength and stability of the structure. Furthermore, the inclusion of ribs 5, upper thickened support 7, lower thickened support 8, and upper and lower thickened support 8 increases the wall thickness of the hemispherical shell, enhancing overall rigidity and strength while reducing cost increases due to material waste. The cavity 6 reduces the material used within the interlayer of the spherical head body 1, thus reducing overall weight. The multiple upper arc-shaped ribs 9 and multiple lower arc-shaped ribs 10 within the cavity 6 optimize its thickness, ensuring sufficient rigidity and strength to meet usage requirements. Simultaneously, the cavity 6 better absorbs and disperses impact energy, improving the impact resistance of the spherical head body 1. Moreover, the vacuum state within the cavity 6 provides excellent thermal insulation, effectively reducing the outward transfer of internal temperature from the oil refining tank.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper arc-shaped rib 9 and the lower arc-shaped rib 10 are staggered with the position of the convex rib 5, which makes the stress distribution more uniform.

[0019] As a technical optimization of this utility model, several support rods 11 are provided between the upper thickened support 7 and the lower thickened support 8, and between the upper arc-shaped rib 9 and the lower arc-shaped rib 10.

[0020] In this embodiment, the support rod 11 can distribute the load acting on the upper thickened support 7 and the lower thickened support 8 to multiple support points, reducing the stress concentration at each support point; it helps to extend the service life of the elliptical part and prevent damage caused by excessive stress; and it improves the overall load-bearing capacity of the spherical head body 1.

[0021] As a technical optimization of this utility model, a number of connecting ribs 12 are provided between two adjacent ribs 5. All connecting ribs 12 are upwardly convex arc plates, and the top of all connecting ribs 12 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elliptical segment head 2. The length of the number of connecting ribs 12 between two adjacent ribs 5 decreases in the direction of the support ring 4.

[0022] In this embodiment, the connecting ridge 12 not only increases the strength of the spherical head body 1, but also enhances the connection strength between the rib 5 and the spherical head body 1, making the spherical head body 1 more stable when subjected to external forces.

[0023] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the spherical head body 1 can be made of carbon steel, stainless steel, or alloy steel.

[0024] In this embodiment: Carbon steel is one of the commonly used materials for spherical heads, possessing good strength and toughness; however, carbon steel spherical heads may crack in environments such as nitrates, ammonia, and alkaline sodium, thus requiring special attention in specific environments; Stainless steel spherical heads are widely popular due to their corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and aesthetic appearance; Alloy steel spherical heads are typically used in applications requiring higher strength and corrosion resistance; Alloy steel can have its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance improved by adding different alloying elements; In addition, materials such as aluminum, titanium, copper, nickel, and nickel alloys can also be used to manufacture spherical heads, but these materials are typically used for specific high-performance or special applications.

[0025] Working principle: After the spherical head body 1 is subjected to force, the support ring 4, as an additional support structure, can increase the overall stiffness of the elliptical head segment 2, and improve the overturning resistance and deformation resistance of the overall structure of the spherical head body 1; multiple raised ribs 5, multiple upper arc-shaped ribs 9, and multiple lower arc-shaped ribs 10 can optimize the force transmission path inside the hemispherical shell, so that the external force is transmitted more evenly to all parts of the hemispherical shell, reducing the situation of excessive local stress, dispersing the pressure on the top of the hemispherical shell, thereby enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the entire structure and effectively improving the strength and stability of the structure; and the raised ribs 5, upper thickened support 7, and lower The thickened support 8, upper thickened support 7, and lower thickened support 8 can increase the wall thickness of the hemispherical shell, improving the overall rigidity and strength. The cavity 6 reduces the overall weight, and the thickness of the cavity 6 can be optimized by multiple upper arc ribs 9 and multiple lower arc ribs 10 inside the cavity 6, ensuring that the spherical head body 1 has sufficient rigidity and strength to meet the usage requirements. At the same time, the cavity 6 can better absorb and disperse impact energy, thereby improving the impact resistance of the spherical head body 1. Furthermore, the cavity 6 is in a vacuum state, which has good heat insulation performance and can effectively reduce the heat transfer from the inside of the oil refining tank to the outside.

[0026] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A spherical head for petroleum refining, comprising a spherical head body (1), characterized in that: The spherical head body (1) includes an elliptical head segment (2) and a transition segment (3) disposed at the bottom of the elliptical head segment (2), and the elliptical head segment (2) and the transition segment (3) are formed in one piece; the top of the interior of the elliptical head segment (2) is provided with a support ring (4) in an annular structure, and the outer wall of the support ring (4) is provided with a plurality of radially outwardly extending ribs (5), the plurality of ribs (5) are arranged along the circumference of the support ring (4), all the ribs (5) are upwardly convex arc-shaped ridges, and the top of all the ribs (5) is connected to the elliptical head segment (2). 2) Fixed connection to the inner wall; a cavity (6) is provided inside the interlayer of the elliptical segment head (2), an upper thickened support (7) is provided at the center of the top of the cavity (6), and a lower thickened support (8) is provided at the center of the bottom of the cavity (6); the outer wall of the upper thickened support (7) is provided with multiple outwardly extending upper arc-shaped ribs (9) that are fixedly connected to the top of the cavity (6), and the outer wall of the lower thickened support (8) is provided with multiple outwardly extending lower arc-shaped ribs (10) that are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity (6); the cavity (6) is in a vacuum state.

2. The spherical head for petroleum refining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several support rods (11) are provided between the upper thickened support (7) and the lower thickened support (8), and between the upper arc-shaped rib (9) and the lower arc-shaped rib (10).

3. A spherical head for petroleum refining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting ribs (12) are provided between two adjacent ribs (5). All the connecting ribs (12) are upwardly convex arc plates, and the top of all the connecting ribs (12) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elliptical segment head (2). The length of the plurality of connecting ribs (12) between two adjacent ribs (5) decreases toward the support ring (4).

4. A spherical head for petroleum refining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical head body (1) can be made of carbon steel, stainless steel, or alloy steel.

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