High-precision water depth and water level measuring device suitable for calibrating roughness of large channel

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-precision water depth and water level measuring device suitable for large channel roughness factor calibration. The high-precision water depth and water level measuring device comprises an equipment fixing assembly, an equipment leveling assembly, a measuring instrument assembly, a wireless acquisition and transmission module and a data processing module, the equipment fixing assembly comprises a vertical measuring rod, an instrument fixer arranged at the upper part of the vertical measuring rod and two folding instrument mounting rods arranged at the lower part of the vertical measuring rod; the equipment leveling assembly is arranged on the vertical measuring rod; the measuring instrument assembly comprises a throw-in type liquid level transmitter and a single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor; a throw-in type liquid level transmitter and a single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor are mounted on the two folding instrument mounting rods respectively; the throw-in type liquid level transmitter and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor are respectively in communication connection with the wireless acquisition and transmission module, and the wireless acquisition and transmission module is in communication connection with the data processing module. The device can continuously measure and record the water depth and water level change process of the channel and wirelessly transmit the water depth and water level change process to a user side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering measurement technology, specifically a high-precision water depth and water level measurement device suitable for roughness calibration of large channels. Background Technology

[0002] my country's water situation is characterized by water scarcity in the north and abundance in the south, with summer floods and winter droughts, resulting in an extremely uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources. Accelerating the construction of a modern, high-quality water infrastructure network is a crucial means to address this imbalance and a major strategic deployment for national water management. Currently, my country's water conveyance projects are developing towards ultra-long distances, numerous branch points, and ultra-large scales. A reasonable operation and scheduling plan remains key to the efficient and safe operation of these projects. A precise operation and scheduling plan is closely related to the roughness of the canal system itself. Therefore, for existing large-scale water conveyance projects, roughness rate determination is a vital foundation for ensuring water flow and scheduling safety.

[0003] For long-distance, large-scale water conveyance channels that have been in operation for many years, the actual roughness of the channel deviates significantly from the design roughness due to factors such as construction, operation, siltation, scouring, and wear deformation. Accurately understanding the actual roughness allows for more precise development of channel scheduling and operation plans, optimization of water flow velocity and water level control, thereby improving the channel's water conveyance efficiency and ensuring the desired water flow rate. Currently, the roughness of the prototype channel is measured using a section of the channel to be measured, and the roughness is calculated using the Manning formula.

[0004]

[0005] In the formula: Q and L are the flow rate and length of the channel section to be measured; H1 and H2 are the water levels at the inlet and outlet of the measured channel section; A1 and A2 are the cross-sectional areas of the channel at the inlet and outlet; g is the acceleration due to gravity; A and R are the average cross-sectional areas and hydraulic radii of the channel inlet and outlet.

[0006] As can be seen from formula (1), the roughness coefficient calibration calculation requires accurate measurement of channel flow rate, channel cross-sectional area, and channel water level. The channel cross-sectional area mainly depends on the measurement of channel water depth. Especially for channels with small head loss, the accuracy of water depth measurement is extremely important; otherwise, it will affect the accuracy of roughness coefficient calculation.

[0007] Currently, channel flow rate can be measured using a mobile ADCP, which offers high accuracy; while channel water level and depth are typically measured using a combination of surface ultrasonic level gauges and underwater gauges (see...). Figure 1The ultrasonic level gauge is used to measure water level. It emits an ultrasonic signal through an ultrasonic probe, which is reflected back from the water surface. The time difference between the transmission and reception of the ultrasonic wave is measured to determine the water level. A scale is used to measure water depth, and the depth data is read manually. However, scale measurements are greatly affected by environmental and human factors. For example, bending or deformation of the scale, or fluctuations in the water surface during measurement, can lead to significant deviations between the measured and actual results. After years of operation, the channel floor often deforms, making it impossible to accurately measure channel water depth using a scale. Furthermore, the existing measuring devices are fixed and cannot be moved as needed, resulting in low measurement efficiency. Therefore, the existing channel water level and depth measuring devices have low accuracy and low measurement efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the issues of inaccurate detection of water depth and level at the channel cross-section and low measurement efficiency during the roughness calibration of prototype channels, this invention proposes a high-precision water depth and level measurement device suitable for roughness calibration of large channels.

[0009] A high-precision water depth and level measurement device suitable for roughness calibration of large channels includes an equipment fixing component, an equipment leveling component, a measuring instrument component, a wireless acquisition and transmission module, and a data processing module. The equipment fixing component includes a vertical measuring rod, an instrument holder located on the upper part of the vertical measuring rod, and two foldable instrument mounting rods located on the lower part of the vertical measuring rod. The equipment leveling component is located on the vertical measuring rod. The measuring instrument component includes a submersible level transmitter and a single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor. The two foldable instrument mounting rods respectively mount the submersible level transmitter and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor. The submersible level transmitter and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor are communicatively connected to the wireless acquisition and transmission module, which is communicatively connected to the data processing module.

[0010] Furthermore, the equipment leveling component includes a glass circular bubble level and a tripod leveling device, which is adjusted to center the glass circular bubble level.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical measuring rod is equipped with a telescopic rod and a telescopic rod fixing buckle. The telescopic rod has a scale to display the distance from the top of the instrument fixture to the instrument mounting plane.

[0012] Furthermore, the submersible level transmitter and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor are arranged parallel to each other on the channel cross section.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure spring of the submersible level transmitter and the probe of the ultrasonic ranging sensor are placed on the same horizontal plane; during the measurement of water level changes, the submersible level transmitter and the ultrasonic ranging sensor are 20cm below the lowest water surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the wireless acquisition and transmission module includes a power supply.

[0015] This invention provides a high-precision water depth and water level measuring device suitable for roughness calibration of large channels. It can continuously measure and record the water depth change process in the channel and wirelessly transmit the data to the user terminal. It has the following significant advantages, especially in the process of water depth change during engineering operation and scheduling:

[0016] (1) High measurement accuracy: This device combines the advantages of submersible level transmitter and ultrasonic ranging sensor for water depth measurement. The submersible level transmitter can measure the water depth when the channel water level fluctuates or changes, while the ultrasonic ranging sensor can accurately measure the water depth below the instrument installation position. The water depth measurement accuracy can reach the millimeter level.

[0017] (2) Simple structure and portable design: The instrument is detachable and reusable: The submersible level transmitter, ultrasonic ranging sensor and measuring rod device used in this device are designed separately. The instrument can be installed when measurement is required. It is easy to operate and has strong applicability. The detachable structure design can be moved according to measurement needs and has high measurement efficiency.

[0018] (3) Unmanned operation, automated data acquisition and output: The water depth and water level measurement device provided by this utility model can continuously measure, record and output channel water depth change process data, and is suitable for monitoring channel water depth changes during the operation and scheduling of large channels.

[0019] (4) Wide range of applications: The water depth measuring device of this device can be used for accurate measurement of water depth in large channels, rivers and other waterways. It is small in size and causes little disturbance to the water flow at the measurement location. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing channel water depth and water level measuring device;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the high-precision water depth and water level measurement device applicable to the roughness calibration of large channels.

[0022] In the diagram: 1-Ultrasonic water level gauge above water, 2-Underwater measuring scale; 3-Vertical measuring rod, 4-Glass circular spirit level, 5-Submersible level transmitter, 6-Single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor, 7-Wireless acquisition and transmission module, 8-Water surface to be measured, 9-Channel bottom of the section to be measured, 10-Folding instrument mounting rod, 11-Data processing module, 31-Instrument holder, 32-Telescopic rod, 33-Telescopic rod fixing buckle, 41-Tripod leveling device. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0024] Please see Figure 2 This utility model provides a high-precision water depth and water level measuring device suitable for roughness calibration of large channels, including equipment fixing components, equipment leveling components, measuring instrument components, wireless acquisition and transmission module 7, and data processing module 11 that is communicatively connected to the wireless acquisition and transmission module 7.

[0025] The equipment fixing assembly includes a vertical measuring rod 3, an instrument holder 31 located on the upper part of the vertical measuring rod 3, and a foldable instrument mounting rod 10 located at the lower part of the vertical measuring rod 3. The instrument holder 31 is used to fix the measuring device at the position to be measured. The vertical measuring rod 3 is a telescopic structure, and its length can be adjusted according to changes in water level at the measurement position. Specifically, the vertical measuring rod 3 is equipped with a telescopic rod 32 and a telescopic rod fixing buckle 33 for adjusting the installation position of the instrument. The telescopic rod 32 has a scale, which can be used to obtain the distance c from the top of the instrument holder 31 to the instrument mounting plane.

[0026] The equipment leveling assembly includes a glass circular level 4 mounted on the vertical measuring rod 3 and a three-legged screw leveling device 41. In order to ensure that the measuring rod is vertical, a glass circular level 4 is set at the upper end of the vertical measuring rod 3, and the three-legged screw leveling device 41 is used to ensure that the vertical measuring rod 3 is in a vertical state.

[0027] The measuring instrument assembly includes a submersible level transmitter 5 and a single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6. Two folding instrument mounting rods 10 are fixed to the lower end of the vertical rod 3, respectively mounting the submersible level transmitter 5 and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6, ensuring that the pressure spring of the submersible level transmitter 5 and the probe of the ultrasonic ranging sensor 6 are on the same horizontal plane. During water level measurement, it is necessary to ensure that the submersible level transmitter 5 and the ultrasonic ranging sensor 6 are at least 20cm below the lowest water surface (including water level fluctuations).

[0028] The wireless acquisition and transmission module 7 is communicatively connected to the submersible level transmitter 5 and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6. The wireless acquisition and transmission module 7 includes a power supply.

[0029] The top of the vertical measuring rod 3 is equipped with an instrument fixation device 31, a glass circular bubble 4, and a tripod leveling device 41. When measuring water depth, the measuring device is first fixed to the section to be measured by the instrument fixation device 31 using the existing structure of the channel. The tripod leveling device 41 is then adjusted to ensure that the equipment is installed vertically and that the bubble of the glass circular bubble 4 is centered.

[0030] The submersible level transmitter 5, the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6, and the wireless acquisition and transmission module 7 are connected. The wireless acquisition and transmission module 7 first acquires and records the water depth data measured by the submersible level transmitter 5 and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6, and transmits the data to the data processing module 11. The data processing module 11 receives and saves the data.

[0031] The water depth 'a' above the level transmitter 5 is measured by the submersible level transmitter 5, and the water depth 'b' below the level transmitter 5 is measured by the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6, i.e., b = 1 / 2vt (where v is the underwater wave speed and t is the time it takes for the beam to travel back and forth), and the total water depth h = a + b.

[0032] The submersible level transmitter 5 and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6 are arranged in parallel on the channel cross section, which can reduce the influence of the instrument on the water depth measurement data.

[0033] Assuming the channel cross-section is as follows Figure 2 As shown, it is necessary to accurately measure the water depth between the measured water surface 8 and the bottom of the channel 9 at the measured cross-section. The measured water surface 8 may fluctuate slightly, or the water surface may change significantly during channel operation and scheduling. The following are the steps for measuring the change in channel water depth h:

[0034] (i) Place the vertical measuring rod 3 horizontally, install the submersible level transmitter 5 and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6 on its two sides respectively, power it after installation, connect it to the data logger, debug the equipment, and ensure that the instrument is accurate.

[0035] (ii) Fix the vertical measuring rod 3 to the measuring bridge or existing cross-channel structure, adjust the length of the telescopic rod 32 to ensure that the lower end of the vertical measuring rod 3 is below the lowest water level, and ensure that the instrument probe is 20cm away from the lowest water level.

[0036] (III) Adjust the three-legged screw leveling device 41 to center the glass circular bubble 4 and ensure that the measuring rod is vertical.

[0037] (iv) The wireless acquisition and transmission module 7 records the water level and water depth measurement data of the submersible level transmitter 5 and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6, and transmits them to the data processing module 11 for storage via wireless transmission.

[0038] (V) Data Post-processing: The data processing module 11 uses Fortran self-programming to extract, calculate and output measurement data. First, it extracts the pressure data p output by the submersible level transmitter 5. 上 The water depth data b output by the underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor 6; via a=p 上 The change in water depth *a* above the instrument is calculated using / ρg, and finally, the change in total water depth *h* is obtained, i.e., *h* = *a* + *b*. Based on the elevation *H0* of the top of the anchor 31, the water level change process *H* can be obtained, i.e., *H* = *H0* - *c* + *a*.

[0039] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-precision water depth and water level measuring device suitable for roughness calibration of large channels, characterized in that, include: The system comprises an equipment fixing component, an equipment leveling component, a measuring instrument component, a wireless acquisition and transmission module, and a data processing module. The equipment fixing component includes a vertical measuring rod, an instrument holder located on the upper part of the vertical measuring rod, and two foldable instrument mounting rods located on the lower part of the vertical measuring rod. The equipment leveling component is located on the vertical measuring rod. The measuring instrument component includes a submersible level transmitter and a single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor. The two foldable instrument mounting rods respectively mount the submersible level transmitter and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor. The submersible level transmitter and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor are communicatively connected to the wireless acquisition and transmission module, which in turn is communicatively connected to the data processing module.

2. The high-precision water depth and water level measuring device for roughness calibration of large channels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment leveling components include a glass circular bubble level and a tripod leveling device. The glass circular bubble level is centered by adjusting the tripod leveling device.

3. The high-precision water depth and water level measuring device for roughness calibration of large channels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical measuring rod is equipped with a telescopic rod and a telescopic rod fixing buckle. The telescopic rod has a scale to display the distance from the top of the instrument fixture to the instrument mounting plane.

4. The high-precision water depth and water level measuring device for roughness calibration of large channels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The submersible level transmitter and the single-beam underwater ultrasonic ranging sensor are arranged in parallel on the channel cross section.

5. The high-precision water depth and water level measuring device suitable for roughness calibration of large channels as described in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The pressure spring of the submersible level transmitter and the probe of the ultrasonic ranging sensor are placed on the same horizontal plane; during the measurement of water level changes, the submersible level transmitter and the ultrasonic ranging sensor are 20cm below the lowest water surface.

6. The high-precision water depth and water level measuring device for roughness calibration of large channels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless data acquisition and transmission module includes a power supply.

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