Vibration sensing circuit, piezoelectric sensing assembly and vehicle-mounted sensing system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a vibration sensing circuit, a piezoelectric sensing assembly and a vehicle-mounted sensing system. The vibration sensing circuit comprises at least one sensing sub-circuit; the input end of each sensing sub-circuit in the at least one sensing sub-circuit can be connected with the piezoelectric vibrator sensor, the output end of each sensing sub-circuit can be connected with the controller, and each sensing sub-circuit comprises an amplifying circuit and a controlled switch; the first input end of the amplifying circuit serves as the input end of each sensing sub-circuit to be connected with the piezoelectric vibrator sensor, the second input end of the amplifying circuit is grounded, the output end of the amplifying circuit is connected with the control end of the controlled switch, and the first end of the controlled switch serves as the output end of each sensing sub-circuit to be connected with the controller. The second end of the controlled switch is grounded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of sensing circuits, and particularly to a vibration sensing circuit, a piezoelectric sensing component, and an in-vehicle sensing system. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicle-mounted perception systems typically include a variety of sensors that can detect the vehicle's surrounding environment, including other vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, and traffic signs, thereby providing the vehicle with the ability to perceive its operating environment.

[0003] However, under certain conditions, onboard sensing systems may enter a dormant state, rendering them unable to detect vibrations and thus affecting the vehicle's ability to monitor its surroundings. Therefore, to ensure that the vehicle can respond promptly when vibrations occur, a suitable vibration sensing solution is needed to meet the vehicle's vibration sensing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit, the advantage of which is that the vibration sensing circuit includes at least one sensing sub-circuit. The input terminal of each sensing sub-circuit can be connected to a piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and the output terminal of each sensing sub-circuit can be connected to a controller. Thus, when the vibration sensing circuit includes one sensing sub-circuit, the sensing sub-circuit can be connected between the piezoelectric vibrator sensor and the controller, enabling the sensing sub-circuit to sense vibration and output sensing results to the controller. When the vibration sensing circuit includes multiple sensing sub-circuits, all multiple sensing sub-circuits are connected between the piezoelectric vibrator sensor and the controller, enabling all multiple sensing sub-circuits to sense vibration and output sensing results to the controller. Further, each sensing sub-circuit includes an amplifier circuit and a controlled switch. This allows the voltage signal obtained by the piezoelectric vibrator sensor from detecting vibration to be amplified by the input sensing sub-circuit and used to control the on / off state of the controlled switch. Different on / off states of the controlled switch result in different signals received by the controller. Based on the received signals, the controller can determine whether the piezoelectric vibrator sensor has detected vibration, thus meeting the vibration sensing requirements of the vehicle.

[0005] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit with the advantage that the controlled switch includes a transistor and a pull-up resistor, with the pull-up resistor connected to one pin of the transistor. The transistor has the advantage of controlling the current to achieve the switching function, thereby enabling the controller to receive different signals under different on / off states, meeting the vibration sensing requirements of the vehicle. Connecting the pull-up resistor to one pin of the transistor serves two purposes: firstly, it allows for the preset default potential, protecting the circuit from damage; secondly, it prevents the transistor from being affected by random voltage levels, thus ensuring the circuit's operation.

[0006] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit, the advantage of which is that the amplification circuit includes an operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor. The operational amplifier in the amplification circuit can amplify the signal, enhancing the vibration sensing circuit's signal sensing capability. The second and third resistors are connected to the second input terminal of the operational amplifier. By changing the resistance value of at least one of the second and third resistors, the amplification factor of the operational amplifier can be changed, thereby outputting different voltage signals to subsequent circuits. These different voltage signals can either control a controlled switch to open or close, thus meeting the vibration sensing requirements of the vehicle.

[0007] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit with the advantage that the controlled switch includes a transistor. The transistor can turn on when a piezoelectric vibrator sensor detects vibration and output a sensing signal to the controller; when the piezoelectric vibrator sensor does not detect vibration, the transistor turns off and does not output an electrical signal, thereby realizing the switching function. Compared to solutions where the controlled switch includes a transistor and a pull-up resistor, this solution also has the advantages of saving circuit space and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0008] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit, the advantage of which is that the operational amplifier is connected to a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and / or a third capacitor. The first and second capacitors can filter the amplifier circuit, improving its stability. The third capacitor can adjust the output signal of the amplifier circuit, improving signal stability.

[0009] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit, the advantage of which is that, when the vibration sensing circuit includes multiple sensing sub-circuits, the amplification factor of the amplification circuit in different sensing sub-circuits is different, so that the voltage signal input to the vibration sensing circuit has a different amplification factor in each sensing sub-circuit, thereby realizing the sensing of the strength of the voltage signal and further improving the vibration sensing capability.

[0010] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit with the advantage that each sensing sub-circuit further includes a voltage divider circuit. This allows the voltage signal obtained by the piezoelectric vibrator sensor from detecting vibration to be input to the sensing sub-circuit for voltage division processing, and then used to control the on / off state of the controlled switch. By dividing the voltage signal through the voltage divider circuit, the vibration sensing circuit is protected from high-voltage impacts.

[0011] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit with the advantage that the voltage divider circuit includes a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor. By changing the resistance value of at least one of the fourth and fifth resistors, the resistance value of the voltage divider circuit can be changed, thereby altering the reduction factor of the voltage signal within the voltage divider circuit. Therefore, by flexibly setting the resistance values ​​of the fourth and fifth resistors, the sensing requirements of the vehicle can be met.

[0012] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit, the advantage of which is that each sensing sub-circuit also includes a filter circuit and a Zener diode. By connecting the filter circuit and the Zener diode between the amplifier circuit and the controlled switch, the filter circuit and the Zener diode can jointly clamp the voltage at the control terminal of the input controlled switch.

[0013] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit, the advantage of which is that the filter circuit includes a sixth resistor and a fourth capacitor, and its structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0014] Another objective of this application is to provide a vibration sensing circuit, the advantage of which is that each sensing sub-circuit further includes a pull-down resistor. The pull-down resistor can control the current of the sensing sub-circuit, ensuring the stability of the circuit.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application embodiment is implemented as follows:

[0016] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a vibration sensing circuit, comprising: at least one sensing sub-circuit; the input terminal of each sensing sub-circuit can be connected to a piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and the output terminal of each sensing sub-circuit can be connected to a controller; each sensing sub-circuit includes: an amplifier circuit and a controlled switch; wherein, the first input terminal of the amplifier circuit serves as the input terminal of each sensing sub-circuit and is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor, the second input terminal of the amplifier circuit is grounded, the output terminal of the amplifier circuit is connected to the control terminal of the controlled switch, the first terminal of the controlled switch serves as the output terminal of each sensing sub-circuit and is connected to the controller, and the second terminal of the controlled switch is grounded.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a piezoelectric sensing component, including: a piezoelectric vibrator sensor; a vibration sensing circuit as described in the first aspect; and the piezoelectric vibrator sensor being connected to the input terminal of the sensing sub-circuit in the vibration sensing circuit.

[0018] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an in-vehicle sensing system, including: at least one vibration sensing circuit, at least one piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and a controller; at least one piezoelectric vibrator sensor is disposed on the vehicle, and each vibration sensing circuit is the vibration sensing circuit as described in the first aspect; wherein, the input terminal of each vibration sensing circuit is connected to the output terminal of a piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and the output terminal of each vibration sensing circuit is connected to the controller.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the technical solutions of this application.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Attached image description:

[0034] Vibration sensing circuit 10; piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11; sensing sub-circuit 12; controller 13; voltage divider circuit 121; amplifier circuit 122; controlled switch Q; filter circuit 123; Zener diode Z; operational amplifier U; first resistor R1; second resistor R2; third resistor R3; fourth resistor R4; fifth resistor R5; sixth resistor R6; first capacitor C1; second capacitor C2; third capacitor C3; fourth capacitor C; transistor T; pull-up resistor R7; first voltage source Vcc; second voltage source Vcc1; pull-down resistor R8; first sensing sub-circuit 12a; second sensing sub-circuit 12b; third sensing sub-circuit 12c; first input / output interface I / O1; second input / output interface I / O2; third input / output interface I / O3.

[0035] In the first sensing sub-circuit 12a: voltage divider circuit 121a; amplifier circuit 122a; controlled switch Qa; filter circuit 123a; Zener diode Za; operational amplifier Ua; first resistor R1a; second resistor R2a; third resistor R3a; fourth resistor R4a; fifth resistor R5a; sixth resistor R6a; fourth capacitor Ca; pull-up resistor R7a.

[0036] In the second sensing sub-circuit 12b: voltage divider circuit 121b; amplifier circuit 122b; controlled switch Qb; filter circuit 123b; Zener diode Zb; operational amplifier Ub; first resistor R1b; second resistor R2b; third resistor R3b; fourth resistor R4b; fifth resistor R5b; sixth resistor R6b; fourth capacitor Cb; pull-up resistor R7b.

[0037] In the third sensing sub-circuit 12c: voltage divider circuit 121c; amplifier circuit 122c; controlled switch Qc; filter circuit 123c; Zener diode Zc; operational amplifier Uc; first resistor R1c; second resistor R2c; third resistor R3c; fourth resistor R4c; fifth resistor R5c; sixth resistor R6c; fourth capacitor Cc; pull-up resistor R7c. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] In the following description, references to "some embodiments" refer to a subset of all possible embodiments. It is understood that "some embodiments" may be the same or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict. The terms "first / second / third" are used merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first / second / third" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0041] In related technologies, vehicle sensing systems cannot detect vibrations when in a dormant state, which affects the vehicle's ability to monitor the surrounding environment. In order to ensure that the vehicle can accurately detect vibrations, a reasonable vibration sensing scheme needs to be set up.

[0042] Piezoelectric sensors possess excellent sensing capabilities. Utilizing their positive piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric sensors generate corresponding electrical signal (such as voltage / current) changes in response to external pressure, thereby sensing the magnitude of the external pressure. However, when sensing vibrations, piezoelectric sensors also produce electrical signal changes in adverse weather conditions such as rain and wind, which can interfere with the vehicle's sensing system.

[0043] Firstly, to establish a reasonable vibration sensing scheme, embodiments of this application provide a vibration sensing circuit for sensing external forces acting on the vehicle body. In some embodiments, piezoelectric vibrator sensors can be installed at one or more locations on the vehicle body, and each piezoelectric vibrator sensor can be connected to a vibration sensing circuit. When a piezoelectric vibrator sensor detects vibration, it generates a first signal and inputs it to the vibration sensing circuit. The vibration sensing circuit can then output a sensing signal based on the first signal, which represents the collision level corresponding to the vibration.

[0044] In some implementations, the vibration sensing circuit can also be connected to the controller and output a sensing signal to the controller. In one embodiment, the controller can be a vehicle domain controller. Upon receiving the sensing signal, the domain controller can determine the collision level corresponding to the vibration based on the sensing signal and control the vehicle based on the collision level. In one example, the controller can be a body domain controller. In one example, the controller can be implemented using a microcontroller unit (MCU) chip. In one example, the controller can be implemented using an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0045] In one embodiment, after determining the collision level corresponding to the vibration detected by the piezoelectric vibrator sensor, the controller can determine whether to wake up the vehicle perception system based on whether the collision level meets a preset collision level. If the collision level meets the preset collision level, the controller can control the vehicle perception system to be woken up; if the collision level does not meet the preset collision level, the controller can control the vehicle perception system not to be woken up temporarily.

[0046] In one embodiment, the input terminal of the vibration sensing circuit can be connected to the output terminal of the piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and the output terminal of the vibration sensing circuit can be connected to the input terminal of the controller.

[0047] In some embodiments, the present application may provide, but is not limited to, the following two vibration sensing circuits.

[0048] The first type is a vibration sensing circuit that only senses whether a collision has occurred.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The vibration sensing circuit 10 includes a sensing sub-circuit 12. The input terminal a of the sensing sub-circuit 12 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11, and the output terminal b of the sensing sub-circuit 12 is connected to the controller 13.

[0050] In some embodiments, the sensing sub-circuit 12 includes an amplifier circuit 122 and a controlled switch Q. The first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 as the input terminal a of the sensing sub-circuit 12. The second input terminal f of the amplifier circuit 122 is grounded. The output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 is connected to the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q. The first terminal i of the controlled switch Q is connected to the controller 13 as the output terminal b of each sensing sub-circuit 12. The second terminal j of the controlled switch Q is grounded.

[0051] In some embodiments, the amplifier circuit 122 is used to amplify the first signal with a first voltage generated after the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 detects vibration, so as to output a second voltage.

[0052] Understandably, after detecting vibration, the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 can generate a first signal with a first voltage. This first signal with the first voltage can be transmitted from the output terminal of the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 to the first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122, and then input to the amplifier circuit 122 from the first input terminal e. The amplifier circuit 122 can amplify the first signal with the first voltage, so that the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 generates an amplified first signal. Here, the amplified first signal has a second voltage.

[0053] In some embodiments, the structure of the amplifier circuit 122 can be configured as needed, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0054] In some embodiments, the amplified first signal can be input to the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q, and a third voltage can be generated at the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q.

[0055] It is understandable that there may be other electronic components or circuit losses between the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 and the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q, causing the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q to generate a third voltage.

[0056] In some embodiments, the controlled switch Q is used to turn on when the third voltage generated at the control terminal h is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q outputs a sensing signal to the controller 13, and the level of the sensing signal is the first level.

[0057] Understandably, the amplified first signal can be input from the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 to the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q, generating a third voltage at the control terminal h. When the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned on, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q outputs a sensing signal, at which time the level of the sensing signal is the first level.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The first terminal i of the controlled switch Q is connected to a pull-up voltage source (i.e., the first voltage source Vcc). The controlled switch Q includes a transistor T and a pull-up resistor R7, which is the first implementation of the controlled switch Q. In one embodiment, when the third voltage at the control terminal h is less than the cutoff voltage, the controlled switch Q using the first implementation is turned off, and a sensing signal is output from the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q to the controller 13. At this time, the level of the sensing signal is the second level.

[0059] In some embodiments, the controller 13 can determine that the piezoelectric vibrator sensor has detected vibration by outputting a sensing signal from the vibration sensing circuit, wherein the sensing signal is at a first level. Alternatively, the controller 13 can determine that the piezoelectric vibrator sensor has not detected vibration by outputting a sensing signal from the vibration sensing circuit, wherein the sensing signal is at a second level. In one embodiment, the first level and the second level are different.

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 3 The first terminal i of the controlled switch Q is not connected to a pull-up voltage source (i.e., the first voltage source Vcc). The controlled switch Q includes a transistor T, which is a second implementation of the controlled switch Q. In one embodiment, when the third voltage at the control terminal h is less than the cutoff voltage, the controlled switch Q is turned off, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q in the second implementation does not output any electrical signal.

[0061] In some embodiments, the controller 13 can determine that the piezoelectric vibrator sensor has detected vibration based on the vibration sensing circuit outputting a sensing signal, and the sensing signal being at a first level. Alternatively, the controller 13 can determine that the piezoelectric vibrator sensor has not detected vibration based on the vibration sensing circuit not outputting an electrical signal.

[0062] The sensor circuit 12 will now be described.

[0063] First, let's introduce the controlled switch Q.

[0064] In some embodiments, still refer to Figure 2 The controlled switch Q is implemented in the first way. In this case, the controlled switch Q may include a transistor T and a pull-up resistor R7. The first terminal T1 of the transistor T is connected to the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 as the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q. The second terminal T2 of the transistor T is connected to the controller 13 and the first terminal k7 of the pull-up resistor R7 as the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q. The third terminal T3 of the transistor T is grounded as the second terminal j of the controlled switch Q. The second terminal n7 of the pull-up resistor R7 is connected to the first voltage source Vcc.

[0065] Understandably, the controlled switch Q can include a transistor T and a pull-up resistor R7. The first terminal T1 of transistor T can be connected to the output terminal g of amplifier circuit 122 as the control terminal h of controlled switch Q. The second terminal T2 of transistor T can be connected to the controller as the first terminal i of controlled switch Q. The second terminal T2 of transistor T can also be connected to the first terminal k7 of pull-up resistor R7, and the second terminal n7 of pull-up resistor R7 is connected to the first voltage source Vcc. Here, connecting pull-up resistor R7 to one pin of transistor T serves two purposes: firstly, to preset a default potential and protect the circuit from damage; and secondly, to prevent transistor T from being affected by random voltage levels that could impact circuit operation.

[0066] Understandably, the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 generates an amplified first signal, which is input to the first terminal T1 of the transistor T and generates a third voltage at the first terminal T1, thereby controlling the on / off state of the transistor T and changing the switching state of the controlled switch Q.

[0067] In some embodiments, the controlled switch Q is used to turn on the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of transistor T when the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of transistor T, and output a sensing signal from the second terminal T2 of transistor T to controller 13 with the level of the sensing signal being a first level; when the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage, the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of transistor T are turned off, and output a sensing signal from the second terminal T2 of transistor T to controller 13 with the level of the sensing signal being a second level.

[0068] Understandably, the amplified first signal can be input to the first terminal T1 of transistor T via the output terminal g of amplifier circuit 122, generating a third voltage at the first terminal T1. When the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of transistor T, the first terminal T1 and the second terminal T2 of transistor T are turned on, and the second terminal T2 of transistor T outputs a sensing signal at this time, with the sensing signal level being the first level. When the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage of transistor T, the second terminal T2 of transistor T outputs a sensing signal at this time, with the sensing signal level being the second level.

[0069] In some embodiments, transistor T can be a bipolar transistor or a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field-effect transistor. In one example, when transistor T is an NPN bipolar transistor, its first terminal T1 is the base, its second terminal T2 is the collector, and its third terminal T3 is the emitter. In one example, when transistor T is a PNP bipolar transistor, its first terminal T1 is the base, its second terminal T2 is the emitter, and its third terminal T3 is the collector. In one example, when transistor T is an N-type MOS field-effect transistor, its first terminal T1 is the gate, its second terminal T2 is the drain, and its third terminal T3 is the source. In one example, when transistor T is a P-type MOS field-effect transistor, its first terminal T1 is the gate, its second terminal T2 is the source, and its third terminal T3 is the drain.

[0070] In some embodiments, still refer to Figure 3The controlled switch Q is implemented in the second way. In this case, the controlled switch Q may include a transistor T. The first terminal T1 of the transistor T can be connected to the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 as the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q. The second terminal T2 of the transistor T can be connected to the controller 13 as the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q. The third terminal T3 of the transistor T is grounded as the second terminal j of the controlled switch Q.

[0071] Understandably, the controlled switch Q may include a transistor T. The first terminal T1 of the transistor T can be connected as the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q to the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122. The output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 generates an amplified first signal, which is input to the first terminal T1 of the transistor T, thereby controlling the on / off state of the transistor T and changing the switching state of the controlled switch Q.

[0072] In some embodiments, transistor T can be a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) or a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field-effect transistor (MOSFET). In one example, when transistor T is an NPN BJT, its first terminal T1 is the base, its second terminal T2 is the collector, and its third terminal T3 is the emitter. In one example, when transistor T is a PNP BJT, its first terminal T1 is the base, its second terminal T2 is the emitter, and its third terminal T3 is the collector. In one example, when transistor T is an N-type MOS field-effect transistor (MOSFET), its first terminal T1 is the gate, its second terminal T2 is the drain, and its third terminal T3 is the source. In one example, when transistor T is a P-type MOS field-effect transistor (MOSFET), its first terminal T1 is the gate, its second terminal T2 is the source, and its third terminal T3 is the drain.

[0073] In some embodiments, the controlled switch Q is used to turn on the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of transistor T when the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of transistor T, and output a sensing signal to controller 13 from the second terminal T2 of transistor T, and the level of the sensing signal is the first level; when the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage, the second terminal T2 and the third terminal T3 of transistor T are disconnected, and the second terminal T2 does not output an electrical signal.

[0074] Understandably, the amplified first signal can be input to the first terminal T1 of transistor T through the output terminal g of amplifier circuit 122, generating a third voltage at the first terminal T1. When the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of transistor T, the first terminal T1 and the second terminal T2 of transistor T are turned on, and the second terminal T2 of transistor T outputs a sensing signal, at which time the level of the sensing signal is the first level. When the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage of transistor T, the second terminal T2 of transistor T does not output an electrical signal.

[0075] Next, we will introduce amplifier circuit 122.

[0076] In some embodiments, still refer to Figure 2 For the controlled switch Q using the first implementation method, the amplifier circuit 122 includes: an operational amplifier U, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. The first terminal k1 of the first resistor R1 serves as the first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122 and is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11. The first terminal k2 of the second resistor R2 serves as the second input terminal f of the amplifier circuit 122 and is grounded. The output terminal p of the operational amplifier U serves as the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 and is connected to the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q. The second terminal n1 of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first input terminal o of the operational amplifier U. The second terminal n2 of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second input terminal q of the operational amplifier U and the first terminal k3 of the third resistor R3, respectively. The second terminal n3 of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal p of the operational amplifier U.

[0077] Understandably, operational amplifier U can amplify the voltage of a first signal having a first voltage.

[0078] In some embodiments, the amplification ratio of the amplifier circuit 122 in the sensing sub-circuit 12 can be set as needed, and this application embodiment does not limit this. In some embodiments, the amplification factor of the amplifier circuit 12 can be determined based on the resistance values ​​of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3.

[0079] In some embodiments, the voltage at the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 can be determined using the following formula (1).

[0080] V2=V1*(1+R3 / R2) (1)

[0081] In the above formula, V2 represents the voltage generated at the output terminal of the amplifier circuit, i.e., the second voltage; V1 represents the voltage generated at the first input terminal of the amplifier circuit, i.e., the first voltage; R2 represents the second resistor; and R3 represents the third resistor.

[0082] In one example, in the sensing sub-circuit 12, the resistance ratio of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 can control the second voltage to be equal to 5 times the first voltage, that is, the first voltage is amplified by 5 times.

[0083] In some embodiments, the sensing sub-circuit 12 can output a sensing signal, the level of which can be a first level or a second level. The controller 13 can determine whether a collision has occurred based on the level of the sensing signal. When the level of the sensing signal is the first level, the controller 13 determines that a collision has occurred; when the level of the sensing signal is the second level, the controller 13 determines that no collision has occurred.

[0084] In some embodiments, the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q is 0.7 volts (V). The third voltage is equal to 0.8V. At this time, the third voltage is greater than the cutoff voltage, and the vibration sensing circuit can output a sensing signal to the controller 13. The level of the sensing signal is the first level. When the controller 13 receives the sensing signal, it determines that a collision has occurred based on the level of the sensing signal.

[0085] In one example, the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q is 0.7V. The third voltage is equal to 0.4V. At this time, the third voltage is less than or equal to the cutoff voltage, and the vibration sensing circuit can output a sensing signal to the controller 13. The level of the sensing signal is the second level. When the controller 13 receives the sensing signal, it determines that no collision has occurred based on the level of the sensing signal.

[0086] In some embodiments, still refer to Figure 3 For the controlled switch Q using the second implementation method, the amplifier circuit 122 includes: an operational amplifier U, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. For a detailed description, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0087] In some embodiments, to improve the performance of the amplifier circuit 122, the sensing sub-circuit 12 may further include at least one of a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a third capacitor C3. Wherein, when the sensing sub-circuit 12 includes the first capacitor C1, the first terminal x of the operational amplifier U is grounded, the second terminal y of the operational amplifier U is connected to the second voltage source Vcc1, the second voltage source Vcc1 is connected to the first terminal t1 of the first capacitor C1, and the second terminal u1 of the first capacitor C1 is grounded. When the sensing sub-circuit 12 includes the second capacitor C2, the first input terminal o of the operational amplifier U is connected to the first terminal t2 of the second capacitor C2, and the second terminal u2 of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. When the sensing sub-circuit 12 includes the third capacitor C3, the output terminal p of the operational amplifier U and the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q are connected to the first terminal t3 of the third capacitor C3, and the second terminal u3 of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0088] Understandably, the sensing sub-circuit 12 can include a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2 to filter the amplifier circuit 122, thereby ensuring the stability of the output voltage of the amplifier circuit 122. Here, the operational amplifier U can include a first terminal x and a second terminal y. The first terminal x is grounded, and the second terminal y is connected to the second voltage source Vcc1. The first terminal t1 of the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the second voltage source Vcc1, and the second terminal u1 of the first capacitor C1 can be grounded. The first terminal t2 of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to the first input terminal o of the operational amplifier U, and the second terminal u2 of the second capacitor C2 can be grounded.

[0089] Understandably, a third capacitor C3 can be included in the sensing sub-circuit 12. The output terminal p of the operational amplifier U and the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q can be connected to the first terminal t3 of the third capacitor C3, and the second terminal u3 of the third capacitor C3 can be grounded. Here, the third capacitor is used to filter the amplified first signal output by the amplifier circuit 122.

[0090] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application, targeting... Figure 2 The controlled switch Q and amplifier circuit 122 adopt the first implementation method. The sensing sub-circuit 12 may also include a voltage divider circuit 121 to adjust the input voltage of the amplifier circuit 122 and avoid high voltage impact on the amplifier circuit 122.

[0091] In some embodiments, the voltage divider circuit 121 is located between the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 and the amplifier circuit 122. The first terminal c of the voltage divider circuit 121 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 as the input terminal a of the sensing sub-circuit 12, the second terminal d of the voltage divider circuit 121 is connected to the first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 1212, and the third terminal z of the voltage divider circuit 121 is grounded.

[0092] In some embodiments, the voltage divider circuit 121 is used to divide the first signal with a first voltage generated after the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 detects vibration, so as to output a fourth voltage.

[0093] Understandably, after detecting vibration, the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 can generate a first signal with a first voltage. This first signal with the first voltage can be transmitted from the output terminal of the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 to the first terminal c of the voltage divider circuit 121. The voltage divider circuit 121 divides the first signal with the first voltage, so that the second terminal d of the voltage divider circuit 121 generates a divided first signal. Here, the divided first signal has a fourth voltage.

[0094] In some embodiments, the structure of the voltage divider circuit 121 can be configured according to requirements, and this application embodiment does not limit this. It should be noted that the fourth voltage is lower than the first voltage, thereby reducing the voltage value of the first signal and preventing subsequent circuits from being input with excessively large voltage signals, thus ensuring the stability of subsequent circuits.

[0095] In some embodiments, when the sensing sub-circuit 12 includes a voltage divider circuit 121, the amplifier circuit 122 is further used to amplify the first signal after voltage division, so that the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit generates a second voltage.

[0096] Understandably, the first signal after voltage division can be transmitted from the second terminal d of the voltage divider circuit 121 to the first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122, and then input to the amplifier circuit 122 from the first input terminal e. The amplifier circuit 122 can amplify the first signal after voltage division so that the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 generates the amplified first signal. Here, the amplified signal has a second voltage.

[0097] In some embodiments, the amplifier circuit 122 may amplify the first signal after voltage division using formula (1).

[0098] Understandably, the amplified first signal can be input from the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 to the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q, generating a third voltage at the control terminal h. When the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned on, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q outputs a sensing signal, at which time the level of the sensing signal is the first level. When the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned off, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q outputs a sensing signal, at which time the level of the sensing signal is the second level.

[0099] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The voltage divider circuit 121 includes a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5. The first terminal k4 of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 as the first terminal c of the voltage divider circuit 121. The second terminal n4 of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first terminal k5 of the fifth resistor R5. The first terminal k5 of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122 as the second terminal d of the voltage divider circuit 121. The second terminal n5 of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded as the third terminal z of the voltage divider circuit 121.

[0100] Understandably, the first terminal k4 of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11, and the second terminal n4 of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first terminal k5 of the fifth resistor R5. The second terminal n5 of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded, thus connecting the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 in series. Here, the first terminal k5 of the fifth resistor R5 is located between the series-connected fourth resistor R4 and fifth resistor R5, and the voltage at the first terminal k5 of the fifth resistor R5 is less than the voltage at the first terminal k4 of the fourth resistor R4. After the first terminal k5 of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122, the voltage divider circuit 121 divides the first signal with the first voltage value.

[0101] In some embodiments, the voltage division ratio (resistance value) of the voltage divider circuit 121 in the sensing sub-circuit 12 can be set as needed, and this application embodiment does not limit this. In some embodiments, the voltage division ratio of the voltage divider circuit 121 can be determined based on the resistance values ​​of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5.

[0102] In some embodiments, the voltage at the second terminal d of the voltage divider circuit 121 can be determined using the following formula (2).

[0103] V4=V1*R5 / (R4+R5) (2)

[0104] In the above formula, V1 represents the voltage at the first terminal of the voltage divider circuit, i.e., the first voltage; V4 represents the voltage at the second terminal of the voltage divider circuit, i.e., the fourth voltage; R4 represents the fourth resistor; and R5 represents the fifth resistor.

[0105] In one example, in the sensing sub-circuit 12, the resistance ratio of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 can control the fourth voltage to be 0.3 times the first voltage, meaning the fourth voltage is 0.3 times the first voltage. The resistance ratio of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 can control the second voltage to be 5 times the fourth voltage, meaning the fourth voltage is amplified by 5 times.

[0106] It should be noted that, for Figure 3 The controlled switch Q and amplifier circuit 122 are implemented using the second method. The sensing sub-circuit 12 does not include a voltage divider circuit.

[0107] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application, targeting... Figure 2 The controlled switch Q and amplifier circuit 122 adopted in the first implementation method are used. The sensing sub-circuit 12 may also include filter circuit 123 and Zener diode Z to clamp the potential of the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first terminal r of the filter circuit 123 is connected to the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122, the first terminal v of the Zener diode Z is connected to the second terminal s of the filter circuit 123 and the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q, the second terminal w of the Zener diode Z is grounded, and the third terminal l of the filter circuit 123 is grounded.

[0109] Understandably, filter circuit 123 and Zener diode Z are connected between amplifier circuit 122 and controlled switch Q. The amplified first signal output from the output terminal g of amplifier circuit 122 can be processed by filter circuit 123 and Zener diode Z to obtain a processed first signal; the processed first signal can be input to the control terminal h of controlled switch Q. Filter circuit 123 and Zener diode Z together clamp the potential of control terminal h of controlled switch Q to generate a third voltage at control terminal h of controlled switch Q.

[0110] In some embodiments, when the sensing sub-circuit 12 includes a filter circuit 123 and a Zener diode Z, the controlled switch Q is further configured to turn on when the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage, output a sensing signal from the first terminal i to the controller 13, and the level of the sensing signal is a first level; when the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage, the controlled switch Q is turned off, output a sensing signal from the first terminal i to the controller 13, and the level of the sensing signal is a second level.

[0111] Understandably, the filter circuit 123 and the Zener diode Z can generate a third voltage at the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q. When the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned on, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q outputs a sensing signal, at which time the level of the sensing signal is the first level. When the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned off, and the sensing signal is output, at which time the level of the sensing signal is the second level.

[0112] Understandably, the filter circuit 123 and the Zener diode Z can be used together to clamp the potential of the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q, thereby protecting the controlled switch Q from damage by high voltage surges.

[0113] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The filter circuit 123 includes a sixth resistor R6 and a fourth capacitor C. The first terminal k6 of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 as the first terminal r of the filter circuit 123. The second terminal n6 of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first terminal t of the fourth capacitor C. The first terminal t of the fourth capacitor C is connected to the first terminal v of the Zener diode Z as the second terminal s of the filter circuit 123. The first terminal v of the Zener diode Z is also connected to the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q. The second terminal w of the Zener diode Z is grounded. The second terminal u of the fourth capacitor C is grounded as the third terminal l of the filter circuit 123.

[0114] Understandably, the capacitor C in the filter circuit 123 is used to absorb electrical charge, and the filter circuit 123 and the Zener diode Z are used together to clamp the potential of the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q.

[0115] It should be noted that, for Figure 3 The controlled switch Q and amplifier circuit 122 are implemented using the second method. The sensing sub-circuit 12 does not include a filter circuit and a Zener diode.

[0116] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The sensing sub-circuit 12 includes a voltage divider circuit 121, an amplifier circuit 122, and a controlled switch Q (e.g., using a first implementation method). Figure 2 With the following components (as shown), Zener diode Z, filter circuit 123, and pull-up resistor R7, the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 generates a first signal when it detects vibration and inputs it to the sensing circuit 12. This causes the first terminal c of the voltage divider circuit 121 to generate a first voltage. After the first voltage is divided by the voltage divider circuit 121, the second terminal d of the voltage divider circuit 121 generates a fourth voltage. Subsequently, the fourth voltage is amplified by the amplifier circuit, and a second voltage is generated at the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit. Then, by clamping the potential of the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q through the filter circuit 123 and diode Z, a third voltage can be generated at the second terminal s of the filter circuit 123. When the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned on, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q outputs a sensing signal. At this time, the level of the sensing signal is the first level. When the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned off, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q outputs a sensing signal. At this time, the level of the sensing signal is the second level.

[0117] In one example, the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q is 0.7V. The third voltage is equal to 0.8V. At this time, the third voltage is greater than the cutoff voltage, and the sensing sub-circuit 12 can output a sensing signal to the controller 13. The level of the sensing signal is the first level. When the controller 13 receives the sensing signal, it determines that a collision has occurred based on the level of the sensing signal.

[0118] In one example, the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q is 0.7V. The third voltage is equal to 0.4V. At this time, the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage, and the sensing sub-circuit 12 can output a sensing signal to the controller 13. The level of the sensing signal is the second level. When the controller 13 receives the sensing signal, it determines that no collision has occurred based on the level of the sensing signal.

[0119] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 The voltage divider circuit 121, amplifier circuit 122, and filter circuit 123 in the diagram can be adopted. Figure 9 The structure shown will not be described in detail here for the sake of brevity.

[0120] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The sensing sub-circuit 12 includes an amplifier circuit 122, a controlled switch Q implemented in a second manner, and at least one capacitor (e.g., Figure 3 In the case shown), when the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11 detects vibration, it generates a first signal and inputs it to the sensing circuit 12. This causes the first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122 to generate a first voltage. After being amplified by the amplifier circuit 122, a second voltage is generated at the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit. At this time, the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q generates a third voltage, which can be equal to the second voltage. When the third voltage is greater than or equal to the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned on, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q outputs a sensing signal. At this time, the level of the sensing signal is the first level. When the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q, the controlled switch Q is turned off, and the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q does not output an electrical signal.

[0121] In one example, the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q is 0.7V. The third voltage is equal to 0.8V. At this time, the third voltage is greater than the cutoff voltage, and the sensing sub-circuit 12 can output a sensing signal to the controller 13. The level of the sensing signal is the first level. When the controller 13 receives the sensing signal, it determines that a collision has occurred based on the level of the sensing signal.

[0122] In one example, the cutoff voltage of the controlled switch Q is 0.7V. The third voltage is equal to 0.4V. At this time, the third voltage is less than the cutoff voltage, and the sensing sub-circuit 12 does not output an electrical signal to the controller 13. At this time, the controller 13 determines that no collision has occurred.

[0123] In some embodiments, still refer to Figure 10 The sensing sub-circuit also includes a pull-down resistor R8. The first terminal k8 of the pull-down resistor R8 is connected to the first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122, and the second terminal n8 of the pull-down resistor R8 is grounded. The pull-down resistor R8 is used to control the current in the input sensing sub-circuit 12, ensuring stable operation of the circuit.

[0124] The second type is a vibration sensing circuit that can detect vibrations of different collision levels.

[0125] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The vibration sensing circuit 10 may include: a plurality of sensing sub-circuits 12. The input terminal a of each sensing sub-circuit 12 is connected to the output terminal of the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11; the output terminal b of each sensing sub-circuit 12 is connected to the input terminal of the controller 13.

[0126] Understandably, the input terminals of controller 13 include multiple input / output interfaces (I / O interfaces) (such as...). Figure 11 As shown, these can be referred to as the first input / output interface I / O1, the second input / output interface I / O2, and the third input / output interface I / O3, respectively. The output terminal b of each sensing sub-circuit 12 is connected to one of the multiple input / output interfaces.

[0127] Understandably, the structure of each sensing sub-circuit can be referenced. Figures 1 to 10 The structure of the sensing sub-circuit in the instruction manual will not be described in detail here for the sake of brevity.

[0128] Reference Figures 1 to 10 It can be seen that each sensing sub-circuit 12 may include: an amplifier circuit 122 and a controlled switch Q. The first input terminal e of the amplifier circuit 122 is connected to the output terminal of the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11, and the second input terminal f of the amplifier circuit 122 is grounded; the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 is connected to the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q, the first terminal i of the controlled switch Q is connected to the controller 13, and the second terminal j of the controlled switch Q is grounded.

[0129] In some embodiments, when the vibration sensing circuit 10 includes multiple sensing sub-circuits 12, each sensing sub-circuit 12 can sense different vibration intensities, with different vibration intensities corresponding to different collision levels, so that the multiple sensing sub-circuits 12 work together to sense different vibration intensities. Therefore, the amplification factor of the amplification circuit 122 in each sensing sub-circuit 12 is different.

[0130] In some embodiments, in the amplifier circuit 122, based on the connection relationship between the electronic components, it is known that the resistance ratio of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 can affect the voltage amplification factor of the sensing sub-circuit 12. Therefore, in order to amplify the first voltage by different factors, the multiple sensing sub-circuits 12 can be implemented in the same way, but the resistance ratio of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 in each sensing sub-circuit 12 is different.

[0131] In some embodiments, the voltage at the output terminal g of the amplifier circuit 122 can be determined using the above formula (1).

[0132] In some embodiments, when the sensing sub-circuit 12 includes a voltage divider circuit 121, the resistance ratio of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 in the voltage divider circuit 121 can affect the voltage amplification factor of the sensing sub-circuit 12, as can be known from the connection relationship between the electronic components. Therefore, in order to amplify the first voltage by different factors, multiple sensing sub-circuits 12 can be implemented in the same way, but the resistance ratio of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 in each sensing sub-circuit 12 can be different.

[0133] In some embodiments, the voltage at the second terminal d of the voltage divider circuit 121 can be determined using the above formula (2).

[0134] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration sensing circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 The vibration sensing circuit 10 shown includes a first sensing sub-circuit 12a, a second sensing sub-circuit 12b, and a third sensing sub-circuit 12c. The input terminals of the first sensing sub-circuit 12a, the second sensing sub-circuit 12b, and the third sensing sub-circuit 12c are all connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11. The output terminals of the first sensing sub-circuit 12a, the second sensing sub-circuit 12b, and the third sensing sub-circuit 12c are respectively connected to an input / output interface of the controller 13 (as shown in Figure 12, the first sensing sub-circuit 12a is connected to the first input / output interface I / O1, the second sensing sub-circuit 12b is connected to the second input / output interface I / O2, and the third sensing sub-circuit 12c is connected to the third input / output interface I / O3).

[0135] The first sensing sub-circuit 12a, the second sensing sub-circuit 12b, and the third sensing sub-circuit 12c each include a voltage divider circuit 121, an amplifier circuit 122, a controlled switch Q, a Zener diode Z, a filter circuit 123, and a pull-up resistor R7. The voltage divider circuit 121 includes a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5. The amplifier circuit 122 includes an operational amplifier U, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. The filter circuit 123 includes a sixth resistor R6 and a fourth capacitor C.

[0136] It should be noted that the first resistor R1 is denoted as R1a in the first sensing sub-circuit 12a, R1b in the first sensing sub-circuit 12b, and R1c in the first sensing sub-circuit 12c; the controlled switch Q is denoted as Qa in the first sensing sub-circuit 12a, Qb in the first sensing sub-circuit 12b, and Qc in the first sensing sub-circuit 12c, and so on.

[0137] It should be noted that the vibration sensing circuit 10 may also include other numbers of sensing sub-circuits 12, but this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0138] In one example, when the first sensing sub-circuit 12a includes a voltage divider circuit 121, the resistance ratio of the fourth resistor R4a and the fifth resistor R5a in the first sensing sub-circuit 12a can control the fourth voltage to be equal to 0.3 times the first voltage, i.e., the first voltage is amplified by 0.3 times. In the second sensing sub-circuit 12b, the resistance ratio of the fourth resistor R4b and the fifth resistor R5b can control the fourth voltage to be equal to 0.2 times the first voltage, i.e., the first voltage is amplified by 0.2 times. In the third sensing sub-circuit 12c, the resistance ratio of the fourth resistor R4c and the fifth resistor R5c can control the fourth voltage to be equal to 0.1 times the first voltage, i.e., the first voltage is amplified by 0.1 times.

[0139] In one example, in the first sensing sub-circuit 12a described above, the resistance ratio of the second resistor R2a and the third resistor R3a can control the second voltage to be equal to a fourth voltage of 5 times, that is, the fourth voltage is amplified by 5 times. In the second sensing sub-circuit 12b, the resistance ratio of the second resistor R2b and the third resistor R3b can control the second voltage to be equal to the fourth voltage, that is, the voltage value before and after the amplification circuit remains unchanged. In the third sensing sub-circuit 12c, the resistance ratio of the second resistor R2c and the third resistor R3c can control the second voltage to be equal to a fourth voltage of 0.1 times, that is, the fourth voltage is amplified by 0.1 times.

[0140] In one example, the filter circuit 123 and the Zener diode Z together clamp the potential of the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q using the first implementation, so that the control terminal h of the controlled switch Q using the first implementation generates a third voltage. Assuming the inputs of the first sensing sub-circuit 12a, the second sensing sub-circuit 12b, and the third sensing sub-circuit 12c are the same, the first sensing sub-circuit 12a has the largest amplification factor, making the third voltage in the first sensing sub-circuit equal to 1V and greater than 0.7V. The first sensing sub-circuit 12a can output a sensing signal to the controller 13, and the level of the sensing signal is the first level. The second sensing sub-circuit 12b has the next largest amplification factor, making the third voltage in the second sensing sub-circuit equal to 0.7V. The second sensing sub-circuit 12b can also output a sensing signal to the controller 13, and the level of the sensing signal is the first level. The third sensing sub-circuit 12c has the smallest amplification factor, making the third voltage equal to 0.4V and less than 0.7V. The third sensing sub-circuit 12c can also output a sensing signal to the controller 13, and the level of the sensing signal is the second level.

[0141] In the above example, the first sensing sub-circuit 12a has the highest amplification factor and the largest range of vibrations it can sense, for example, it can sense relatively slight vibrations (such as a light tap), slightly heavier vibrations (such as a heavy tap), and even heavier vibrations (such as a collision). The second sensing sub-circuit 12b has the next highest amplification factor and the next largest range of vibrations it can sense, for example, it can sense slightly heavier vibrations and even heavier vibrations. The third sensing sub-circuit 12c has the lowest amplification factor and the next largest range of vibrations it can sense, for example, it can sense even heavier vibrations.

[0142] In one example, when the first sensing sub-circuit 12a outputs a sensing signal at a first level, while other sensing sub-circuits (the second sensing sub-circuit 12b and the third sensing sub-circuit 12c) output sensing signals at a second level or do not output any signal, it can be determined that a light tap has been detected (i.e., collision level one). When the first sensing sub-circuit 12a and the second sensing sub-circuit 12b simultaneously output sensing signals at a first level, while other sensing sub-circuit (the third sensing sub-circuit 12c) outputs sensing signals at a second level or does not output any signal, it can be determined that a heavy tap has been detected (i.e., collision level two). When the first sensing sub-circuit 12a, the second sensing sub-circuit 12b, and the third sensing sub-circuit 12c simultaneously output sensing signals at a first level, it can be determined that a collision has been detected (i.e., collision level three).

[0143] It should be noted that if the vibration sensing circuit 10 includes other numbers of sensing sub-circuits 12, the collision level can be determined by referring to the above example, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] In some embodiments, the first voltage (i.e., the voltage of the first signal output by the piezoelectric vibrator sensor 11) corresponding to different impact levels is different. For example, the first voltage corresponding to a light tap is 0 to 3V; the first voltage corresponding to a heavy tap is 3V to 6V; and the first voltage corresponding to a collision is 6V to 12V.

[0145] In the vibration sensing circuit described above, the controller 13 can sense the voltage generated by the piezoelectric vibrator and refine the sensing level to meet usage requirements.

[0146] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a piezoelectric sensing component. The piezoelectric sensing component includes: a piezoelectric vibrator sensor and a vibration sensing circuit as described in the first aspect; in one embodiment, the piezoelectric vibrator sensor is connected to the input terminal of the sensing sub-circuit in the vibration sensing circuit. It will be understood that the structure of the vibration sensing circuit can be referenced above. Figures 1 to 12 The structure of the document will not be described in detail here for the sake of brevity.

[0147] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an in-vehicle sensing system. The in-vehicle sensing system includes: at least one vibration sensing circuit, at least one piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and a controller. The at least one piezoelectric vibrator sensor is mounted on the vehicle, and each vibration sensing circuit is as described in the first aspect; wherein the input terminal of each vibration sensing circuit is connected to the output terminal of a piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and the output terminal of each vibration sensing circuit is connected to the controller. It is understood that the structure of the vibration sensing circuit can be referenced above. Figures 1 to 12 The structure of the document will not be described in detail here for the sake of brevity.

[0148] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vibration sensing circuit, characterized in that, The vibration sensing circuit includes: at least one sensing sub-circuit, the input terminal of each sensing sub-circuit being connectable to a piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and the output terminal of each sensing sub-circuit being connectable to a controller; Each sensing sub-circuit includes: an amplifier circuit and a controlled switch; The first input terminal of the amplifier circuit is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor as the input terminal of each sensing sub-circuit. The second input terminal of the amplifier circuit is grounded. The output terminal of the amplifier circuit is connected to the control terminal of the controlled switch. The first terminal of the controlled switch is connected to the controller as the output terminal of each sensing sub-circuit. The second terminal of the controlled switch is grounded.

2. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controlled switch includes a transistor and a pull-up resistor; wherein... The first terminal of the transistor is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier circuit as the control terminal of the controlled switch. The second terminal of the transistor is connected to the controller and the first terminal of the pull-up resistor as the first terminal of the controlled switch. The third terminal of the transistor is grounded as the second terminal of the controlled switch. The second terminal of the pull-up resistor is connected to the first voltage source.

3. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The amplifier circuit includes: an operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor; Wherein, the first end of the first resistor serves as the first input terminal of the amplifier circuit, the first end of the second resistor serves as the second input terminal of the amplifier circuit, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier serves as the output terminal of the amplifier circuit; the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the operational amplifier and the first end of the third resistor respectively, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

4. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controlled switch includes: a transistor; wherein... The first terminal of the transistor is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier circuit as the control terminal of the controlled switch, the second terminal of the transistor is connected to the controller as the first terminal of the controlled switch, and the third terminal of the transistor is grounded as the second terminal of the controlled switch.

5. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The amplification circuit includes: an operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor; each sensing sub-circuit further includes at least one of the following: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor; wherein, The first end of the first resistor serves as the first input terminal of the amplifier circuit, the first end of the second resistor serves as the second input terminal of the amplifier circuit, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier serves as the output terminal of the amplifier circuit; the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the operational amplifier and the first end of the third resistor, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier. When each sensing sub-circuit includes the first capacitor, the first terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded, the second terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to a second voltage source, the second voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded. When each sensing sub-circuit includes a second capacitor, the first input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded; When each sensing sub-circuit includes a third capacitor, the output terminal of the operational amplifier and the control terminal of the controlled switch are connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor, and the second terminal of the third capacitor is grounded.

6. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the vibration sensing circuit includes multiple sensing sub-circuits, the amplification factor of the amplification circuit in different sensing sub-circuits is different.

7. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each sensing sub-circuit further includes: a voltage divider circuit, the voltage divider circuit being located between the piezoelectric vibrator sensor and the amplification circuit; The first terminal of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor as the input terminal of each sensing sub-circuit, the second terminal of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the amplifier circuit, and the third terminal of the voltage divider circuit is grounded.

8. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The voltage divider circuit includes: a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein, The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor as the first end of the voltage divider circuit. The second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor. The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the amplifier circuit as the second end of the voltage divider circuit. The second end of the fifth resistor is grounded as the third end of the voltage divider circuit.

9. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each sensing sub-circuit further includes: a filter circuit and a Zener diode, wherein the filter circuit and the Zener diode are used together to clamp the voltage at the control terminal of the controlled switch; The first terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier circuit; the first terminal of the Zener diode, the second terminal of the filter circuit, and the control terminal of the controlled switch are connected; the second terminal of the Zener diode is grounded; and the third terminal of the filter circuit is grounded.

10. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The filter circuit includes: a sixth resistor and a fourth capacitor, wherein, The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output end of the amplifier circuit as the first end of the filter circuit. The second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor. The first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the second end of the filter circuit, the first end of the Zener diode, and the control end of the controlled switch. The second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded as the third end of the filter circuit.

11. The vibration sensing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each sensing sub-circuit further includes: a pull-down resistor, the pull-down resistor being located between the piezoelectric vibrator sensor and the amplification circuit; The first end of the pull-down resistor is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator sensor and the first input terminal of the amplifier circuit, respectively, and the second end of the pull-down resistor is grounded.

12. A piezoelectric sensing component, characterized in that, The piezoelectric sensing component includes: The vibration sensing circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; The piezoelectric vibrator sensor is connected to the input terminal of the sensing sub-circuit in the vibration sensing circuit.

13. A vehicle-mounted sensing system, characterized in that, include: At least one vibration sensing circuit, at least one piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and a controller; the at least one piezoelectric vibrator sensor is disposed on the vehicle, and each vibration sensing circuit is a vibration sensing circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; The input terminal of each vibration sensing circuit is connected to the output terminal of a piezoelectric vibrator sensor, and the output terminal of each vibration sensing circuit is connected to the controller.

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