Multi-effect evaporator and multi-effect evaporation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-effect evaporator and a multi-effect evaporation system, and relates to the technical field of chemical treatment, the multi-effect evaporator comprises a plurality of evaporation structures, a connecting structure and a plurality of auxiliary structures, the plurality of evaporation structures are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction and are sequentially communicated, each evaporation structure comprises a heat exchanger and a separator which are arranged at intervals, and the connecting structure is connected with the auxiliary structures. Each heat exchanger is communicated with the corresponding separator through a communicating pipe, the heat exchangers are used for exchanging heat of steam and materials, the separators are used for flash evaporation of the materials, the connecting structure comprises a plurality of steam pipes and a plurality of material pipes, and each steam pipe is communicated with the upper ends of the separators and the heat exchangers of two adjacent evaporation structures; each material pipe is communicated with the lower ends of the separators and the heat exchangers in the two adjacent evaporation structures, the multiple auxiliary structures are arranged in the multiple heat exchangers respectively, each auxiliary structure comprises an auxiliary pipe extending in the vertical direction, the auxiliary pipes contain steam, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the circumferential side faces of the auxiliary pipes. Through the arrangement, steam and materials can be subjected to sufficient heat exchange, and the evaporation efficiency of the multi-effect evaporator is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to chemical processing technical field especially relates to a multiple effect evaporator and multiple effect evaporation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a large amount of industrial wastewater will be produced in the industrial production process, and these industrial wastewater usually contains a lot of heavy metal ions, such as cobalt, nickel and the like, so that the industrial wastewater cannot meet the needs of direct discharge, and needs to use the evaporator for treatment. Three-effect evaporator is a kind of extraction concentration equipment, adopts the working principle of column tube type circulation plus heating, short physical heating time, fast evaporation speed, large concentration ratio, effectively maintains the original effect of material, energy-saving effect is remarkable, is widely suitable for the evaporation concentration process of liquid material in pharmaceutical, chemical, food, light industry and the like.

[0003] However, in the heat exchange structure of steam and material of the existing three-effect evaporator, steam usually cannot be fully heat exchanged with material, so that the evaporation of material in the separation structure is not sufficient. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a multiple effect evaporator and multiple effect evaporation system, to improve the heat exchange structure of steam and material of the existing three-effect evaporator, steam usually cannot be fully heat exchanged with material, so that the evaporation of material in the separation structure is not sufficient.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the multiple effect evaporator provided by the utility model comprises:

[0006] A plurality of evaporation structures are arranged along the horizontal direction, and are sequentially communicated, each evaporation structure comprises a heat exchanger and a separator arranged at intervals, the heat exchanger and the separator each have an inner cavity, each heat exchanger is communicated with the corresponding separator through a communication pipe, the heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between steam and material, and the separator is used for flash evaporation of material.

[0007] A connecting structure comprises a plurality of steam pipes and a plurality of material pipes, each steam pipe is communicated with the upper end of the separator of one of the two adjacent evaporation structures and the upper end of the heat exchanger of the other evaporation structure, and each material pipe is communicated with the lower end of the separator of one of the two adjacent evaporation structures and the lower end of the heat exchanger of the other evaporation structure.

[0008] A plurality of auxiliary structures are arranged in the plurality of heat exchangers, each auxiliary structure comprises an auxiliary pipe extending along the up-down direction, the auxiliary pipe is used for containing steam, and a plurality of gas outlets are arranged on the circumferential surface of the auxiliary pipe in a spaced manner, and the plurality of gas outlets are used for allowing steam to enter the heat exchanger.

[0009] The pressure of the plurality of evaporation structures gradually decreases in the horizontal direction.

[0010] In an embodiment, the plurality of heat exchangers comprises a primary heat exchanger, the primary heat exchanger is provided with a gas inlet communicating with the inner cavity of the primary heat exchanger, and the gas inlet communicates with the auxiliary pipe.

[0011] In an embodiment, the primary heat exchanger is further provided with a material outlet communicating with the inner cavity of the primary heat exchanger, the material outlet is located below the gas inlet, and the material outlet is used for discharging the material deposited in the primary heat exchanger.

[0012] In an embodiment, the multi-effect evaporator further comprises a raw material supply structure, the raw material supply structure communicates with the inner cavity of the primary heat exchanger, and is used for supplying the primary heat exchanger with material.

[0013] In an embodiment, the inner cavity of each separator is provided with a filter part, the filter part is located below the corresponding communication pipe, and the filter part is used for filtering the crystals precipitated from the material.

[0014] In an embodiment, the filter part comprises a filter screen, the filter screen is used for preventing the crystals precipitated from the material from moving downward to filter the crystals.

[0015] In an embodiment, the filter part is inclined from top to bottom in the horizontal direction.

[0016] In an embodiment, the wall surface of the separator in the horizontal direction is further provided with a slag discharge port communicating with the inner cavity of the separator, the slag discharge port is arranged at one end of the filter part inclined downward, and the slag discharge port is used for discharging the crystals precipitated from the material.

[0017] In an embodiment, the plurality of separators comprises a terminal separator.

[0018] The multi-effect evaporator further comprises a condensing structure, the condensing structure communicates with the upper end of the terminal separator, and is used for condensing the steam discharged from the terminal separator.

[0019] The utility model further provides a multi-effect evaporation system which comprises the multi-effect evaporator.

[0020] The utility model discloses a technical scheme, material first enters to one of the evaporation structure's the heat exchanger in, to immerse at least part the auxiliary pipe, after, steam flows into to corresponding the auxiliary pipe, again via the periphery of auxiliary pipe's multiple the air outlet hole enters to the heat exchanger, to with the material in the heat exchanger fully heat exchange, heat exchange is completed, and material and steam together enter to corresponding the separator, and in the separator, flash evaporation occurs to carry out primary evaporation work, after primary evaporation is completed, the steam in the separator enters to the heat exchanger of adjacent one of the evaporation structure by corresponding the steam pipe, and the material in the separator enters to the heat exchanger of corresponding the evaporation structure by corresponding the material pipe, and steam enters to the heat exchanger by corresponding the auxiliary pipe's periphery's multiple the air outlet hole, to with the material in the heat exchanger fully heat exchange, because the pressure of multiple the evaporation structure is gradually reduced along horizontal direction and sets up, thus, in this heat exchanger, the boiling point of material reduces, after secondary heat exchange is completed, material and steam again together enter to corresponding the separator, and in the separator, flash evaporation occurs again to carry out secondary evaporation work, after secondary evaporation is completed, the steam in this the separator again enters to the heat exchanger of next adjacent the evaporation structure by corresponding the steam pipe, and the material in the separator again enters to the heat exchanger of corresponding the evaporation structure by corresponding the material pipe to carry out tertiary heat exchange, and again enter to corresponding the evaporator to carry out tertiary evaporation, so on and so forth, utilize the waste heat of steam after the evaporation work of last the evaporation structure is completed to carry out next evaporation work, and the evaporation efficiency is good, and the energy consumption is low, and, through multiple air outlet holes on the auxiliary pipe, steam can appear to each place in the inner chamber of the heat exchanger, steam and material are fully contacted to make steam and material fully heat exchange, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency of multiple effect evaporator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for ordinary skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the structure shown in these drawings without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 The structure diagram of one embodiment of the multiple effect evaporator provided by the utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0024] 100, multiple-effect evaporator; 1, evaporation structure; 11, heat exchanger; 111, initial end heat exchanger; 112, gas inlet; 113, discharge port; 12, separator; 121, final end separator; 122, filter part; 123, slag discharge port; 13, communication pipe; 2, connecting structure; 21, steam pipe; 22, material pipe; 3, auxiliary structure; 31, auxiliary pipe; 32, gas outlet hole; 4, raw material supply structure; 5, condensation structure.

[0025] The realization, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further described with reference to the drawings in combination with embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0027] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the utility model involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0028] In addition, if the embodiments of the utility model involve descriptions such as "first", "second", etc., the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, "and / or" or "and / or" appearing throughout the text means that the three parallel solutions are included, for example, "A and / or B" includes A solution, or B solution, or A and B solutions. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of the ordinary skill in the art, and when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the protection scope required by the utility model.

[0029] The utility model provides a kind of multiple-effect evaporator. It aims at improving the heat exchange structure of steam and material in the existing three-effect evaporator, steam usually cannot be fully exchanged with material, so as to cause the problem that material is not fully evaporated in separation structure.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1In the embodiment of the utility model, the multiple-effect evaporator 100 comprises multiple evaporation structures 1, a connecting structure 2 and multiple auxiliary structures 3, the multiple evaporation structures 1 are arranged along the horizontal direction at intervals and are sequentially communicated, each evaporation structure 1 comprises a heat exchanger 11 and a separator 12 arranged at intervals, the heat exchanger 11 and the separator 12 both have inner cavities, each heat exchanger 11 is communicated with the corresponding separator 12 through a communicating pipe 13, the heat exchanger 11 is used for heat exchange of steam and material, the separator 12 is used for flash evaporation of material, the connecting structure 2 comprises multiple steam pipes 21 and multiple material pipes 22, each steam pipe 21 is communicated with the upper end of the separator 12 of one of the two adjacent evaporation structures 1 and the upper end of the heat exchanger 11 of the other evaporation structure 1, each material pipe 22 is communicated with the lower end of the separator 12 of one of the two adjacent evaporation structures 1 and the lower end of the heat exchanger 11 of the other evaporation structure 1, multiple auxiliary structures 3 are arranged in the multiple heat exchangers 11 respectively, each auxiliary structure 3 comprises an auxiliary pipe 31 extending along the up-down direction, the auxiliary pipe 31 is used for containing steam, multiple gas outlets 32 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the auxiliary pipe 31 at intervals, the multiple gas outlets 32 are used for allowing steam to enter the heat exchanger 11, and the pressure of the multiple evaporation structures 1 gradually decreases along the horizontal direction.

[0031] The utility model discloses a technical scheme, material first enters to one of the evaporation structure 1's the heat exchanger 11 in, with at least partial the auxiliary pipe 31 of immersion, afterwards, steam flows into to corresponding the auxiliary pipe 31 in, again via the multiple of the gas outlet hole 32 of the circumferential surface of the auxiliary pipe 31 enters to the heat exchanger 11 in, with the material in the heat exchanger 11 fully heat exchange, after heat exchange, material and steam together enter to corresponding the separator 12 in, and flash evaporation occurs in the separator 12, to carry out primary evaporation work, after primary evaporation, the steam in the separator 12 by corresponding the steam pipe 21 enters to the heat exchanger 11 of adjacent one of the evaporation structure 1, the material in the separator 12 by corresponding the material pipe 22 enters to the heat exchanger 11 of corresponding one of the evaporation structure 1, steam via the multiple of the gas outlet hole 32 of the circumferential surface of corresponding the auxiliary pipe 31 enters to the heat exchanger 11 in, with the material in the heat exchanger 11 fully heat exchange, because the pressure of multiple the evaporation structure 1 gradually reduces along horizontal direction and sets up, thus, in this heat exchanger 11, the boiling point of material reduces, after secondary heat exchange, material and steam again together enter to corresponding the separator 12, and again flash evaporation occurs in the separator 12, to carry out secondary evaporation work, after secondary evaporation, the steam in this separator 12 again by corresponding the steam pipe 21 enters to the heat exchanger 11 of next adjacent one of the evaporation structure 1, the material in the separator 12 again by corresponding the material pipe 22 enters to the heat exchanger 11 of corresponding one of the evaporation structure 1, to carry out third heat exchange, again enter to corresponding the evaporator, to carry out third evaporation, so repeatedly, utilize the waste heat of steam after the evaporation work of last one of the evaporation structure 1 to carry out next evaporation work, and the evaporation efficiency is good, and the energy consumption is low, and, through the multiple of the gas outlet hole 32 on the auxiliary pipe 31, steam can appear to the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 11 everywhere, steam and material are fully contacted, to make steam and material fully heat exchange, thereby improve the evaporation efficiency of multiple effect evaporator 100.

[0032] It can be understood that, in the utility model, the steam pipe 21, the communication pipe 13 and the material pipe 22 of each evaporation structure 1 are arranged from top to bottom. In this way, the setting position of the steam pipe 21 can ensure that steam fully enters the steam pipe 21, and the setting position of the material pipe 22 can ensure that material fully enters the material pipe 22. At the same time, due to the pressure difference between the heat exchanger 11 and the corresponding separator 12, the full transfer of steam and material can be ensured.

[0033] It should be noted that, in an embodiment of the utility model, the multiple gas outlet holes 32 are arranged along the up-down direction and the horizontal direction.

[0034] It needs to be explained that, in an embodiment of the utility model, multiple heat exchangers 11 include initial end heat exchanger 111, the initial end heat exchanger 111 is set with the air inlet 112 that communicates its inner chamber, the air inlet 112 is communicated with the auxiliary pipe 31 setting. In the embodiment of the utility model, steam enters into the auxiliary pipe 31 by the air inlet 112, then enters into the initial end heat exchanger 111 by multiple air outlet holes 32, thereby realizing the addition of steam.

[0035] Of course, in further embodiments of the utility model, the air inlet 112 also includes an air inlet valve, the air inlet valve has a closed state and an open state, when steam needs to be added, the air inlet valve switches to the open state to meet the steam addition requirement, when the pressure in the initial end heat exchanger 111 needs to be maintained, the air inlet valve switches to the closed state, thereby sealing the air inlet 112.

[0036] In addition, in another embodiment of the utility model, the initial end heat exchanger 111 also sets the discharge port 113 that communicates its inner chamber, the discharge port 113 is located below the air inlet 112, and the discharge port 113 is used for discharging the material deposited in the initial end heat exchanger 111. In this way, the material deposited in the inner chamber of the initial end heat exchanger 111 can be discharged from the discharge port 113, thereby avoiding the accumulation of material in the initial end heat exchanger 111, which affects the heat exchange efficiency of steam and material in the initial end heat exchanger 111.

[0037] Similarly, in further embodiments of the utility model, the discharge port 113 is provided with a discharge valve, the discharge valve has a closed state and an open state, when the material needs to be discharged, the discharge valve switches to the open state to discharge the accumulated material in the initial end heat exchanger 111, when the pressure in the initial end heat exchanger 111 needs to be maintained, the discharge valve switches to the closed state to seal the discharge port 113.

[0038] It needs to be further explained that, in order to ensure the stability of the material, in an embodiment of the utility model, the multiple-effect evaporator 100 also includes a raw material supply structure 4, the raw material supply structure 4 communicates the inner chamber of the initial end heat exchanger 111, and is used for supplying material to the initial end heat exchanger 111.

[0039] Further, since the steam and the material enter into the corresponding separator 12 from the heat exchanger 11 through the communication pipe 13, and the steam and the material are subjected to flash evaporation in the separator 12, then the steam moves upward and the remaining material moves downward, at this time, the remaining material may be crystallized, in order to avoid that the crystallization blocks the material pipe 22, in an embodiment of the present application, a filtering part 122 is arranged in the inner cavity of each separator 12, the filtering part 122 is arranged below the corresponding communication pipe 13, and the filtering part 122 is used for filtering the crystallization of the material. In this way, the filtering part 122 can hinder the crystallization of the material from moving downward, so as to filter the crystallization from the material, and avoid the blockage of the material pipe 22.

[0040] It should be noted that the specific structure of the filtering part 122 is not limited in the present application, in an embodiment of the present application, the filtering part 122 comprises a filter screen, and the filter screen is used for hindering the crystallization of the material from moving downward, so as to filter the crystallization.

[0041] In another embodiment of the present application, the filtering part 122 further comprises a filter cloth, and the filter cloth can also hinder the crystallization of the material from moving downward, so as to filter the crystallization.

[0042] Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the filtering part 122 can also be arranged in other structures, specifically, in actual arrangement, the filtering part 122 can be selected according to requirements, and the present application does not limit this.

[0043] In the embodiment, the filtering part 122 comprises a filter screen.

[0044] Further, in order to facilitate the collection of the crystallization on the filtering part 122, in an embodiment of the present application, the filtering part 122 is arranged to be inclined from top to bottom in the horizontal direction. In this way, when the filtering part 122 hinders the crystallization of the material from moving downward, so as to filter the crystallization and make the crystallization stay on the filtering part 122, at this time, since the filtering part 122 is arranged to be inclined from top to bottom in the horizontal direction, the crystallization staying on the filtering part 122 will move downward along the extension inclined direction of the filtering part 122 under the influence of gravity, so as to be collected together.

[0045] In order to facilitate the discharge of the crystallization collected on the filtering part 122, in a further embodiment of the present application, the wall surface of the separator 12 in the horizontal direction is further provided with a slag discharge port 123 communicating with the inner cavity of the separator 12, the slag discharge port 123 is arranged at the end of the filtering part 122 inclined downward, and the slag discharge port 123 is used for discharging the crystallization of the material. In this way, the crystallization can be discharged from the inner cavity of the separator 12 through the slag discharge port 123.

[0046] Of course, in another embodiment of the present application, the slag outlet 123 is also provided with a slag valve, which has a closed state and an open state, when the crystallization on the filter part 122 needs to be discharged, the slag valve is switched to the open state to meet the demand of crystallization slagging, when the pressure in the separator 12 needs to be maintained, the slag valve is switched to the closed state, thereby sealing the slag outlet 123.

[0047] It should be noted that after the steam completes the multi-stage heating of the material, the steam needs to be condensed for discharge, in an embodiment of the present application, a plurality of separators 12 include a terminal separator 121, and the multi-effect evaporator 100 further comprises a condensing structure 5, which is connected to the upper end of the terminal separator 121 and used for condensing the steam discharged from the terminal separator 121. In this way, the steam in the terminal separator 121 can flow into the condensing structure 5, and the condensing structure 5 can heat and condense the steam, so that the steam is condensed into condensed water and discharged from the multi-effect evaporator 100 in the form of condensed water.

[0048] The present application also provides a multi-effect evaporation system, which comprises a multi-effect evaporator 100, and the specific structure of the multi-effect evaporator 100 is as described above. Since the multi-effect evaporation system adopts all the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0049] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multiple-effect evaporator characterized by, The multi-effect evaporator comprises: a plurality of evaporation structures, the plurality of evaporation structures are arranged in horizontal direction and sequentially connected, each evaporation structure comprises a heat exchanger and a separator arranged in parallel, the heat exchanger and the separator each have an inner cavity, each heat exchanger is connected to a corresponding separator through a connecting pipe, the heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between steam and material, and the separator is used for flash evaporation of the material; a connecting structure comprising a plurality of steam pipes and a plurality of material pipes, each steam pipe is connected to the upper end of the separator of one of two adjacent evaporation structures and the upper end of the heat exchanger of the other evaporation structure, and each material pipe is connected to the lower end of the separator of one of two adjacent evaporation structures and the lower end of the heat exchanger of the other evaporation structure; and a plurality of auxiliary structures arranged in the plurality of heat exchangers, each auxiliary structure comprises an auxiliary pipe arranged in vertical direction, the auxiliary pipe is used for containing steam, and a plurality of gas outlets are arranged on the side surface of the auxiliary pipe and used for allowing steam to enter the heat exchanger. The pressure of the plurality of evaporation structures gradually decreases in horizontal direction.

2. The multiple-effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein The plurality of heat exchangers comprises a first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is provided with a gas inlet connected to the inner cavity of the first heat exchanger, and the gas inlet is connected to the auxiliary pipe.

3. The multiple-effect evaporator of claim 2, wherein, The first heat exchanger is also provided with a material outlet connected to the inner cavity of the first heat exchanger, the material outlet is arranged below the gas inlet, and the material outlet is used for discharging the material deposited in the first heat exchanger.

4. The multiple-effect evaporator of claim 2, wherein, The multi-effect evaporator further comprises a raw material supply structure connected to the inner cavity of the first heat exchanger and used for supplying material to the first heat exchanger.

5. The multiple-effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, The inner cavity of each separator is provided with a filter part arranged below the corresponding connecting pipe, and the filter part is used for filtering the crystals separated from the material.

6. The multiple-effect evaporator of claim 5, wherein The filter part comprises a filter screen used for preventing the crystals separated from the material from moving downward to filter the crystals.

7. The multiple-effect evaporator of claim 5, wherein The filter part is arranged in a downward inclination in horizontal direction.

8. The multiple-effect evaporator of claim 7, wherein The wall surface of the separator in horizontal direction is also provided with a slag discharge port connected to the inner cavity of the separator, the slag discharge port is arranged at one end of the filter part inclined downward, and the slag discharge port is used for discharging the crystals separated from the material.

9. The multiple-effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of separators comprises a last separator. The multi-effect evaporator further comprises a condensing structure connected to the upper end of the last separator and used for condensing the steam discharged from the last separator.

10. A multiple-effect evaporation system characterized by, The multi-effect evaporator comprises any one of claims 1 to 9.

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