Multi-step reamer with replaceable blades adjustable

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of cutting tools, in particular to a blade-changing adjustable multi-step reamer which comprises a pair of connecting bodies, the connecting bodies are a reamer handle and a reamer body respectively, a group of reamer rings which are axially arranged at intervals are installed on the reamer body, and indexable blades are installed on the reamer rings. The close ends of the pair of connecting bodies are provided with a sleeve hole and a boss respectively, and the boss is embedded in the sleeve hole. The locking fastener is used for axially connecting and locking the pair of connecting main bodies; the radial fine adjustment device comprises four jackscrews connected to the side wall of the sleeve hole, the jackscrews extend in the radial direction of the sleeve hole, and the front ends of the jackscrews abut against the side wall of the boss. The axial fine adjustment device comprises a set of wedge blocks, the wedge blocks are connected to one connecting body and can move and adjust in the radial direction, the wedge blocks are attached to the other connecting body in the axial direction, the attaching face of the wedge blocks and the other connecting body is an inclined face inclined to the axial direction, and the wedge blocks are evenly arrayed in the circumferential direction. The relative position of the cutter body and the cutter handle can be finely adjusted to improve the machining precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to cutting tool technical field, concretely relates to a piece adjustable multi-step reamer. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the piston of the internal combustion engine needs to reciprocate in the cylinder hole of the engine cylinder body, the sealing performance is good, so the engine cylinder hole machining precision is required to be high, the diameter is large, generally the tolerance is H7 level or above, the coaxial degree between each step is required to be high, the form and position tolerance can reach u level (<0.01mm), and at present, most of the cylinder hole machining processes at home and abroad adopt rough boring, semi-precision boring and precision boring process. Except that the rough boring process can adopt multi-blade processing, the rest semi-precision boring and precision boring mostly adopt single-blade processing, which inevitably causes low processing efficiency, easy to shrink hole, unstable size, and first piece inspection is necessary. In addition, each step hole of the cylinder hole is independently machined by the tool. Nowadays, various industries are developing rapidly, and various industries are all in the market first opportunity, and require qualified products to be processed in the shortest time, so the machine tool production efficiency is required to be high, the tool changing time is reduced, and the multi-step reamer can meet the above requirements.

[0003] The relative position of the cutter body and the cutter head of the existing multi-step reamer cannot be changed after being connected, the large-diameter cylinder hole machining cannot be met, the fine adjustment for the machining deviation is not conducive, and the machining precision is difficult to improve. Moreover, the reamer ring blade cannot be replaced, and the service life is affected. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a piece adjustable multi-step reamer, which can fine adjust the relative position of the cutter body and the cutter handle, improve the machining precision, and prolong the service life.

[0005] In order to realize the above purpose, the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:

[0006] A piece adjustable multi-step reamer, comprising:

[0007] A pair of connecting bodies, the pair of connecting bodies are respectively a cutter handle and a cutter body, a group of reamer rings arranged in axial direction are installed on the cutter body; a group of cutting edges are detachably installed on the reamer ring; the similar ends on the pair of connecting bodies are respectively provided with a sleeve hole and a boss, and the boss is embedded in the sleeve hole;

[0008] Locking fasteners are used for axially connecting and locking the pair of connecting bodies;

[0009] Radial fine adjustment devices, the radial fine adjustment devices comprise four top screws connected to the side wall of the sleeve hole, the top screws are arranged in the radial direction of the sleeve hole, the front end of the top screw abuts against the side wall of the boss, and the four top screws are uniformly arrayed in the circumferential direction of the sleeve hole;

[0010] The axial fine adjustment device comprises a set of wedge blocks connected to one of the connecting bodies and radially movable for adjustment, the wedge blocks are in axial abutment with the other connecting body, and the abutment surfaces of the two are inclined surfaces inclined to the axial direction, and the set of wedge blocks are uniformly arrayed in the circumferential direction.

[0011] Based on the above structure, the use method of the multi-step adjustable reamer is as follows: the depth of the top screw in each direction is adjusted, the corresponding direction of the boss is forced in the radial direction, so that the elastic deformation of the cutter body in the corresponding radial direction is generated; the wedge block is moved in the radial direction, the connecting body in axial abutment with the wedge block is axially extruded on the abutment surface, so that the elastic deformation of the cutter body in the corresponding axial direction is generated. Through the above fine adjustment, the radial runout of the reamer ring at the front end of the cutter body can be affected in the production process, the effect of reducing or eliminating the repeated positioning error of the machine tool is achieved, the tool compensation effect is achieved, and the machining precision is improved.

[0012] Further, the multi-step adjustable reamer in the application is provided with a plurality of blade edges on the cutting edge, and the posture of the cutting edge on the reamer ring is adjusted to switch different blade edges to the cutting working position.

[0013] Further, the multi-step adjustable reamer in the application is provided with a plurality of blade edges on the cutting edge, and the posture of the cutting edge on the reamer ring is adjusted to switch different blade edges to the cutting working position.

[0014] Further, the multi-step adjustable reamer in the application is provided with a plurality of blade edges on the cutting edge, and the posture of the cutting edge on the reamer ring is adjusted to switch different blade edges to the cutting working position.

[0015] Further, the multi-step adjustable reamer in the application is provided with a plurality of blade edges on the cutting edge, and the posture of the cutting edge on the reamer ring is adjusted to switch different blade edges to the cutting working position.

[0016] Furthermore, in a reamer with adjustable blades according to this application, the axial fine-tuning device further includes a double-ended screw corresponding to each wedge. The threaded sections at both ends of the double-ended screw rotate in opposite directions, and the threaded sections at both ends of the double-ended screw are threadedly connected to the wedge and the boss, respectively. As a preferred embodiment of this application, the wedge is connected to the cutter body, and the position of the wedge is adjusted radially by turning the double-ended screw. Further, in a reamer with adjustable blades according to this application, the cutter body is provided with an expansion ring device corresponding to each reamer ring. The expansion ring device is used to fine-tune the radial dimension of the reamer ring. The expansion ring device includes a drive nut and a conical surface that radially abuts against the inner wall of the reamer ring cavity. The drive nut is threadedly connected to the cutter body, and turning the drive nut is used to move the axial relative position between the reamer ring and the conical surface.

[0017] Furthermore, in one of the adjustable multi-step reamers of this application, the drive nut has a radially threaded hole on its side wall, and a set screw is installed inside the threaded hole. The front end of the set screw abuts against a pad. As a preferred embodiment of this application, rotating the set screw can push the pad against the thread on the side of the cutter body to lock the position of the drive nut relative to the cutter body.

[0018] Furthermore, in this application, there is a multi-step reamer with adjustable blade replacement. The expansion ring device includes an expansion sleeve that is axially slidably sleeved on the cutter body. The conical surface is disposed on the expansion sleeve. The reamer ring includes a first reamer ring. The expansion sleeve is disposed on one axial side of the first reamer ring. The end of the expansion sleeve away from the first reamer ring abuts against the cutter body. The drive nut corresponding to the first reamer ring abuts against the side of the first reamer ring away from the expansion sleeve. The wide end of the conical surface faces the drive nut.

[0019] The first reamer ring is provided with a third drive pin, one end of which extends axially and is embedded in the cutter body. As a preferred embodiment of this application, the principle is that the expansion sleeve is moved by driving the drive nut, that is, the conical surface is moved axially to expand the first reamer ring, and the third drive pin is used to transmit torque to the first reamer ring.

[0020] Furthermore, in this application, there is a multi-step reamer with adjustable blades, wherein the blade body is provided with a variable diameter section, the tapered surface is provided on the side wall of the variable diameter section, and the reamer ring includes a movable reamer ring slidably sleeved on the blade body, the narrow end of the tapered surface on the variable diameter section faces the movable reamer ring, and the drive nut corresponding to the movable reamer ring is provided on the side of the movable reamer ring away from the variable diameter section.

[0021] A transmission ring is provided axially between the movable reamer ring and the drive nut, and the transmission ring is sleeved on the cutter body;

[0022] The blade is provided with a first transmission pin, the outer end of which extends radially into the transmission ring, and the transmission ring is provided with an axially extending groove corresponding to the first transmission pin.

[0023] A second drive pin is provided on the drive ring, with its outer end extending axially and embedding into the movable reamer ring. As a preferred embodiment of this application, the principle is that a drive nut pushes the drive ring, which in turn pushes the movable reamer ring towards the variable diameter section to expand the movable reamer ring. The first and second drive pins are used to sequentially transmit torque.

[0024] Furthermore, this application discloses an adjustable multi-step reamer with a replaceable blade. The cutter body includes a cutter shank, a positioning sleeve, and a limiting plate. The cutter shank is axially connected to the cutter handle. The limiting plate is sleeved on the end of the cutter shank away from the cutter handle and connected to the end of the cutter shank near the limiting plate. The inner side of the limiting plate axially abuts against the outer end of the positioning sleeve, and the end of the positioning sleeve away from the limiting plate axially abuts against the cutter shank. The cutter shank has an axial limiting step corresponding to the limiting plate. A transmission key is provided between the positioning sleeve and the cutter shank. A reamer ring is sleeved on the positioning sleeve. As a preferred embodiment of this application, the separate cutter body reduces machining difficulty and helps to reduce manufacturing costs. Furthermore, in this application, a multi-step reamer with adjustable blade replacement is provided. The movable reamer ring includes a second reamer ring and a third reamer ring. The first reamer ring, the second reamer ring, and the third reamer ring are arranged sequentially on the blade body in the direction towards the shank. The positioning sleeve includes a first positioning sleeve and a second positioning sleeve arranged sequentially in the direction towards the shank. The first reamer ring and the second reamer ring are mounted on the first positioning sleeve, and the third reamer ring is mounted on the second positioning sleeve.

[0025] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This utility model provides a multi-step reamer with adjustable blades. By rationally arranging the effective reamer ring and cutting teeth, it facilitates simple radial and axial fine-tuning, so as to achieve high-efficiency and high-precision machining of various large-diameter cylinder holes, bearing holes and other holes.

[0027] 2. This utility model provides a multi-step reamer with adjustable blades. The multi-step reamer ring can simultaneously process multi-step holes in large-diameter cylinder holes or bearing holes, making it easier to ensure the form and position tolerance accuracy requirements between each step hole. The three sizes of reamer rings are reasonably arranged, which can also process large-diameter holes in different positions of the workpiece, reduce machine tool change time, and improve processing efficiency. Furthermore, the diameter of each reamer ring can be individually fine-tuned to compensate for the hole diameter accuracy requirements. It can also allow for the diameter to be slightly increased (≤0.02mm) after the reamer insert is slightly worn, so that it can continue to be used and increase tool life.

[0028] 3. This utility model provides an adjustable multi-step replaceable blade reamer, which can be rotated and switched multiple times after the blade wears out, reducing the user's operating costs and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an adjustable multi-step reamer according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a left plan view of an adjustable multi-step reamer according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the KK direction in the center circle;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting insert mounted on the reamer ring.

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the cutting insert.

[0034] In the diagram: 1-Tool holder; 1.1-Tool holder flange; 2-Sealing ring; 3-Wedge block; 4-Double-ended screw; 5-Tool bar; 5.1-Boss; 5.2-Tool bar flange; 6-Drive nut; 7-Transmission ring; 8-Second transmission pin; 9-Third reamer ring; 9.1-Third conical surface; 10-Second positioning sleeve; 11-Transmission key; 15-Second reamer ring; 15.1-Second conical surface; 17-First positioning sleeve; 18-First reamer ring; 18.1-First conical surface; 19-Expansion sleeve; 22-Limiting plate; 23-Set screw; 23.1-Pan block; 25-Third transmission pin; 26-First transmission pin; 30-Positioning key shaft; 31-Bolt; 32-Cutting insert; 32.1-Cutting edge; 33-Setting screw. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Combination Figures 1 to 3 The adjustable multi-step reamer shown includes:

[0036] A pair of connecting bodies, namely the handle 1 and the blade, are provided. A set of axially spaced reamer rings are installed on the blade. A set of cutting edges 32 are detachably installed on the reamer rings. The adjacent ends of the pair of connecting bodies are respectively provided with sleeve holes and bosses 5.1, with the bosses 5.1 embedded in the sleeve holes.

[0037] Locking fasteners are used for axial connection and locking of a pair of connecting bodies;

[0038] The radial fine-tuning device includes four set screws 33 connected to the side wall of the sleeve hole. The set screws 33 extend radially along the sleeve hole, and the front end of the set screws 33 abuts against the side wall of the boss 5.1. The four set screws 33 are evenly arrayed circumferentially along the sleeve hole.

[0039] An axial fine-tuning device includes a set of wedges 3, which are connected to one of the connecting bodies and can be adjusted radially. The wedges 3 are axially fitted with the other connecting body and the fitting surfaces of the two are inclined planes on the axial direction. The set of wedges 3 are uniformly arrayed circumferentially.

[0040] Based on the above structure, the method of using an adjustable multi-step reamer is as follows: By screwing in the set screws 33 in each direction to a certain depth, the corresponding boss 5.1 is subjected to radial force, thereby causing the tool body of this adjustable multi-step multi-blade reamer ring processing device to undergo slight elastic deformation in the corresponding radial direction; by radially moving the wedge block 3, the connecting body that is axially attached to the wedge block 3 is subjected to axial compression on the contact surface, thereby causing the tool body to undergo slight elastic deformation in the corresponding axial direction. Through the above fine adjustment, the radial runout of the reamer ring at the front end of the tool body can be affected during the production process, thereby reducing or eliminating the machine tool's repeatability error and playing a tool compensation role to improve machining accuracy. Specifically, the tool holder 1 can be a BT50 or HSK100 flange tool holder.

[0041] Combination Figures 4 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the cutting edge 32 is provided with several cutting edges 32.1. The posture of the cutting edge 32 on the reamer ring is adjusted to switch different cutting edges 32.1 to the cutting working position. Specifically, the cutting edge 32 is cuboid, and the reamer ring is provided with a mounting groove adapted to the cutting edge 32. The cutting edge 32 is installed in the mounting groove by screws. There are four cutting edges 32.1, which are arranged in pairs on a pair of opposite end faces of the cutting edge 32. The pair of cutting edges 32.1 on each end face are centrally symmetrical. Therefore, the cutting edge 32 is an indexable insert, and in this embodiment, each cutting edge 32 can be switched and used four times.

[0042] In this embodiment, the cutting edge 32 is provided with several cutting edges 32.1. The posture of the cutting edge 32 on the reamer ring is adjusted to switch different cutting edges 32.1 to the cutting working position. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cutting edge 32 is cuboid, and the reamer ring is provided with a mounting groove adapted to the cutting edge 32. The cutting edge 32 is installed in the mounting groove by screws. There are four cutting edges 32.1, which are arranged in pairs on a pair of opposite end faces of the cutting edge 32. The pair of cutting edges 32.1 on each end face are centrally symmetrically arranged. This improves the service life of the cutting edge 32 and saves costs.

[0043] In this embodiment, each of the axial ends of a pair of connecting bodies is provided with a connecting flange, and the fastener is a bolt 31 that axially connects the pair of connecting flanges; it also includes a positioning key shaft 30, which is embedded in the adjacent end faces of the pair of connecting flanges.

[0044] A pair of connecting bodies transmit torque through a locating key shaft 30. In this embodiment, there are 4 bolts 31 and 2 locating key shafts 30, both arranged in a circumferentially uniform array, wherein a pair of bolts 31 are axially inserted through a pair of locating key shafts 30.

[0045] In this embodiment, the connecting flange includes a handle flange 1.1 at the handle 1 end and a bar flange 5.2 at the blade end. A boss 5.1 is provided at the front end of the bar flange 5.2, and a sleeve hole is provided at the front end of the handle flange 1.1. The side of the boss 5.1 is provided with an adjustment plane corresponding to the set screw 33, and the front end of the set screw 33 abuts against the adjustment plane.

[0046] In this embodiment, the axial fine-tuning device also includes a double-ended screw 4 corresponding to the wedge 3. The threaded sections at both ends of the double-ended screw 4 have opposite directions of rotation, and the threaded sections at both ends of the double-ended screw 4 are threadedly connected to the wedge 3 and the boss 5.1, respectively.

[0047] The wedge 3 is connected to the blade, and its position is adjusted radially by turning the double-ended screw 4. In this embodiment, the number of wedges 3 is 4.

[0048] In this embodiment, the blade is provided with an expansion ring device that corresponds one-to-one with the reamer ring. The expansion ring device is used to finely adjust the radial dimension of the reamer ring. The expansion ring device includes a drive nut 6 and a conical surface that radially abuts against the inner wall of the reamer ring cavity. The drive nut 6 is threadedly connected to the blade. Tightening the drive nut 6 is used to move the axial relative position between the reamer ring and the conical surface.

[0049] In this embodiment, the drive nut 6 has a threaded hole on its side wall in the radial direction, and a set screw 23 is provided in the threaded hole. The front end of the set screw 23 abuts against a pad 23.1.

[0050] Rotating the set screw 23 pushes the pad 23.1 against the thread on the side of the blade to lock the position of the drive nut 6 relative to the blade.

[0051] In this embodiment, the expansion ring device includes an expansion sleeve 19 axially slidably sleeved on the cutter body, a tapered surface disposed on the expansion sleeve 19, and a reamer ring including a first reamer ring 18. The expansion sleeve 19 is disposed on one axial side of the first reamer ring 18, and the end of the expansion sleeve 19 away from the first reamer ring 18 abuts against the cutter body. The drive nut 6 corresponding to the first reamer ring 18 abuts against the side of the first reamer ring 18 away from the expansion sleeve 19, and the wide end of the first tapered surface 18.1 corresponding to the first reamer ring 18 faces the drive nut 6.

[0052] The first reamer ring 18 is provided with a third transmission pin 25, one end of which extends axially and is embedded in the cutter body.

[0053] The principle is that the drive nut 6 pushes the expansion sleeve 19 to move, that is, the axial movement of the conical surface to expand the first reamer ring 18, and the third transmission pin 25 is used to transmit torque to the first reamer ring 18.

[0054] In this embodiment, the cutter body is provided with a variable diameter section, the tapered surface is provided on the side wall of the variable diameter section, and the reamer ring includes a movable reamer ring that is slidably sleeved on the cutter body. The narrow end of the tapered surface on the variable diameter section faces the movable reamer ring, and the drive nut 6 corresponding to the movable reamer ring is provided on the side of the movable reamer ring away from the variable diameter section.

[0055] A transmission ring 7 is provided between the movable reamer ring and the drive nut 6 in the axial direction, and the transmission ring 7 is sleeved on the cutter body;

[0056] The blade is provided with a first transmission pin 26, the outer end of which extends radially into the transmission ring 7. Corresponding to the first transmission pin 26, the transmission ring 7 is provided with an axially extending groove.

[0057] The transmission ring 7 is provided with a second transmission pin 8, the outer end of which extends axially and is embedded in the movable reamer ring.

[0058] The principle is that the drive nut 6 pushes the transmission ring 7, which in turn pushes the movable reamer ring towards the variable diameter section to expand the movable reamer ring. The first transmission pin 26 and the second transmission pin 8 are used to transmit torque sequentially.

[0059] In this embodiment, the blade includes a blade shank 5, a positioning sleeve, and a limiting plate 22. The blade shank 5 is axially connected to the handle 1. The limiting plate 22 is sleeved on the blade shank 5 at the end away from the handle 1. The limiting plate 22 is connected to the end of the blade shank 5 near the limiting plate 22. The inner side of the limiting plate 22 axially abuts against the outer end of the positioning sleeve. The end of the positioning sleeve away from the limiting plate 22 axially abuts against the blade shank 5. The blade shank 5 is provided with an axial limiting step corresponding to the limiting plate 22. A transmission key 11 is provided between the positioning sleeve and the blade shank 5. A reamer ring is sleeved on the positioning sleeve.

[0060] In this embodiment, the boss 5.1 and the tool holder flange 5.2 are disposed on the tool holder 5. The transmission key 11 is used to transmit torque to the positioning sleeve. The separate tool body reduces the machining difficulty and helps to reduce manufacturing costs. An axially extending coolant cavity is provided between the tool holder 5 and the tool shank 1. A sealing ring 2 is provided between the outer end of the boss 5.1 and the end wall of the sleeve hole. The sealing ring 2 is used to seal the coolant cavity and prevent coolant from leaking out from between the boss 5.1 and the sleeve hole.

[0061] In this embodiment, the movable reamer ring includes a second reamer ring 15 and a third reamer ring 9. Each reamer ring is detachably mounted with 8-12 circumferentially arrayed cutting blades 32. The first reamer ring 18, the second reamer ring 15, and the third reamer ring 9 are arranged sequentially on the blade body towards the shank 1. The positioning sleeve includes a first positioning sleeve 17 and a second positioning sleeve 10 arranged sequentially towards the shank 1. The first reamer ring 18 and the second reamer ring 15 are mounted on the first positioning sleeve 17, and the third reamer ring 9 is mounted on the second positioning sleeve 10. Specifically, the conical surface corresponding to the second reamer ring 15 is the second conical surface 15.1 provided on the first positioning sleeve 17, and the conical surface corresponding to the third reamer ring 9 is the third conical surface 9.1 provided on the second positioning sleeve 10.

[0062] In addition, a set of bolts is axially inserted on the first positioning sleeve 17 to connect the first positioning sleeve 17 to the tool bar 5, so as to prevent loosening.

[0063] The technical principles of this utility model have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model in any way. Based on the explanation herein, those skilled in the art can conceive of other specific embodiments of this utility model without creative effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-step reamer with adjustable blades, characterized in that, include: A pair of connecting bodies, namely a handle (1) and a blade, wherein a set of axially spaced reamer rings are installed on the blade, and a set of cutting blades (32) are detachably installed on the reamer rings; the adjacent ends of the pair of connecting bodies are respectively provided with a sleeve hole and a boss (5.1), and the boss (5.1) is embedded in the sleeve hole; Locking fasteners are used for axial connection and locking of a pair of connecting bodies; The radial fine-tuning device includes four set screws (33) connected to the side wall of the sleeve hole. The set screws (33) extend radially along the sleeve hole. The front end of the set screws (33) abuts against the side wall of the boss (5.1). The four set screws (33) are evenly arrayed along the circumference of the sleeve hole. An axial fine-tuning device includes a set of wedges (3), which are connected to one of the connecting bodies and can be adjusted radially. The wedges (3) are axially fitted with another connecting body and the fitting surface of the two is an inclined plane inclined to the axial direction. The set of wedges (3) are uniformly arrayed in the circumferential direction.

2. The adjustable multi-step reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge (32) is provided with several cutting edges (32.1). The posture of the cutting edge (32) on the reamer ring is adjusted to switch different cutting edges (32.1) to the cutting working position; The cutting edge (32) is cuboid, and the reamer ring is provided with a mounting groove adapted to the cutting edge (32). The cutting edge (32) is installed in the mounting groove by screws. The number of the cutting edges (32.1) is 4 and they are arranged in pairs on a pair of opposite end faces of the cutting edge (32). The pair of cutting edges (32.1) on each end face are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner.

3. The adjustable multi-step reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the two connecting bodies has a connecting flange at its axial end, and the locking fastener is a bolt (31) that axially connects the two connecting flanges. It also includes a positioning key shaft (30), which is embedded in the near end faces of a pair of connecting flanges; the connecting flanges include a tool handle flange (1.1) at the tool handle (1) end and a tool bar flange (5.2) at the tool body end. The boss (5.1) is located at the front end of the tool bar flange (5.2), and the sleeve hole is located at the front end of the tool handle flange (1.1). The side of the boss (5.1) is provided with an adjustment plane corresponding to the set screw (33), and the front end of the set screw (33) abuts against the adjustment plane.

4. The adjustable multi-step reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial fine-tuning device also includes a double-ended screw (4) corresponding to the wedge (3) one by one. The threaded sections at both ends of the double-ended screw (4) have opposite directions of rotation. The threaded sections at both ends of the double-ended screw (4) are threadedly connected to the wedge (3) and the boss (5.1) respectively.

5. The adjustable multi-step reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade is provided with an expansion ring device corresponding to the reamer ring. The expansion ring device is used to fine adjust the radial dimension of the reamer ring. The expansion ring device includes a drive nut (6) and a conical surface that radially abuts against the inner wall of the reamer ring cavity. The drive nut (6) is threaded to the blade. Tightening the drive nut (6) is used to move the axial relative position between the reamer ring and the conical surface.

6. The adjustable multi-step reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive nut (6) has a threaded hole on its side wall in the radial direction. A set screw (23) is provided in the threaded hole, and a pad (23.1) is abutted at the front end of the set screw (23).

7. The adjustable multi-step reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expansion ring device includes an expansion sleeve (19) that is axially slidably sleeved on the cutter body. The conical surface is disposed on the expansion sleeve (19). The reamer ring includes a first reamer ring (18). The expansion sleeve (19) is disposed on one axial side of the first reamer ring (18). The end of the expansion sleeve (19) away from the first reamer ring (18) abuts against the cutter body. The drive nut (6) corresponding to the first reamer ring (18) abuts against the side of the first reamer ring (18) away from the expansion sleeve (19). The wide end of the conical surface faces the drive nut (6). The first reamer ring (18) is provided with a third transmission pin (25), one end of which extends axially and is embedded in the cutter body.

8. The adjustable multi-step reamer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blade body is provided with a variable diameter section, the tapered surface is provided on the side wall of the variable diameter section, the reamer ring includes a movable reamer ring that is slidably sleeved on the blade body, the narrow end of the tapered surface on the variable diameter section faces the movable reamer ring, and the drive nut (6) corresponding to the movable reamer ring is provided on the side of the movable reamer ring away from the variable diameter section. A transmission ring (7) is provided between the movable reamer ring and the drive nut (6) in the axial direction, and the transmission ring (7) is sleeved on the cutter body; The blade is provided with a first transmission pin (26), the outer end of the first transmission pin (26) extends radially into the transmission ring (7), and the transmission ring (7) is provided with an axially extending groove corresponding to the first transmission pin (26); The transmission ring (7) is provided with a second transmission pin (8), and the outer end of the second transmission pin (8) extends axially and is embedded in the movable reamer ring.

9. A multi-step reamer with adjustable blades according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blade includes a shank (5), a positioning sleeve, and a limiting plate (22). The shank (5) is axially connected to the handle (1). The limiting plate (22) is sleeved on the shank (5) at the end away from the handle (1). The limiting plate (22) is connected to the end of the shank (5) near the limiting plate (22). The inner side of the limiting plate (22) axially abuts against the outer end of the positioning sleeve. The end of the positioning sleeve away from the limiting plate (22) axially abuts against the shank (5). The shank (5) is provided with an axial limiting step corresponding to the limiting plate (22). A transmission key (11) is provided between the positioning sleeve and the shank (5). The reamer ring is sleeved on the positioning sleeve.

10. A multi-step reamer with adjustable blades according to claim 9, characterized in that: The movable reamer ring includes a second reamer ring (15) and a third reamer ring (9). The first reamer ring (18), the second reamer ring (15) and the third reamer ring (9) are arranged sequentially on the blade in the direction towards the handle (1). The positioning sleeve includes a first positioning sleeve (17) and a second positioning sleeve (10) arranged sequentially in the direction towards the handle (1). The first reamer ring (18) and the second reamer ring (15) are mounted on the first positioning sleeve (17), and the third reamer ring (9) is mounted on the second positioning sleeve (10).

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