Shock absorber preload regulation and control device
By introducing a closed-loop controlled preload sensor and magnetic block system into the motorcycle shock absorber, the problems of inaccurate preload adjustment and hydraulic leakage were solved, achieving high-precision preload adjustment and motor protection, while reducing cost and complexity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422923847.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing motorcycle shock absorber preload control devices suffer from problems such as large cumulative errors, inaccurate preload adjustment, and easy oil leakage in the hydraulic adjustment mechanism. In particular, the DC motor is prone to losing pulse signals under high load operation, resulting in unstable motor algorithm.
The closed-loop control system consists of a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic adjustment seat, a preload sensor, a spring damper, a preload adjustment mechanism, and an ECU. The preload sensor monitors the position changes of the spring damper and provides real-time feedback to the ECU to achieve precise preload adjustment. A magnetic field is generated by a magnetic block to improve the adjustment accuracy.
It reduces cumulative errors under high load operation, improves preload adjustment accuracy, avoids motor stalling, extends service life, reduces process costs and number of parts, and simplifies the assembly process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223563371U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of motorcycle shock absorbers, and in particular to a shock absorber preload control device. Background Technology
[0002] Motorcycle shock absorbers are installed on motorcycles and maintain the vehicle's balance by adjusting the damping of the springs and hydraulic system, thereby controlling the vehicle's stability and comfort. Currently, the preload adjustment device of the shock absorber has a large cumulative error, the preload adjustment is inaccurate, and the hydraulic adjustment mechanism is prone to oil leakage failure.
[0003] II. The reasons for this are as follows:
[0004] The rear shock absorber has a large load, requiring a large motor power. If the power of the brushed motor is too large, it will cause the algorithm to be unstable and unable to close the loop, which will easily generate cumulative errors. On the other hand, the cost of the brushless motor with precise control is too high and it is not suitable for the shock absorber industry.
[0005] The existing hydraulic adjustment mechanism uses one adjustment cylinder, one base, one adjustment seat, one spring washer, one retaining ring and three O-rings on one side of the adjustment chamber, totaling eight parts. The roughness and machining accuracy requirements of the outer surface of the base and the inner and outer surfaces of the left side of the spring washer are very high, resulting in problems such as wasted inventory space, complicated assembly and high process cost.
[0006] In the existing technology, the left side of the spring pad is fitted to the inner surface of the adjusting outer cylinder. The machining accuracy and roughness requirements of the inner surface of the adjusting outer cylinder are very high. When the spring pad is subjected to the lateral force of the shock-absorbing spring, it will continuously rub against one side of the adjusting outer cylinder. Over time, the inner surface of the adjusting outer cylinder will wear down, and when adjusting the height of the adjusting seat, oil leakage is likely to occur.
[0007] Therefore, it is urgent to design a preload control device for shock absorbers to effectively solve the problem of cumulative error caused by the loss of pulse signals when DC motors are operating under high load, and improve the accuracy of preload adjustment. Utility Model Content
[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a preload control device for shock absorbers, which effectively solves the problem of cumulative error caused by the loss of pulse signals when a DC motor is operating under high load, and improves the accuracy of preload control.
[0009] The preload control device for a shock absorber provided by this utility model adopts the following technical solution:
[0010] A shock absorber preload control device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic adjustment seat, a preload sensor, a spring shock absorber, a preload adjustment mechanism, a drive assembly, and an ECU. The ECU is preset with the movement position of the preload sensor and the corresponding output PWM value.
[0011] The hydraulic cylinder has an adjustment chamber, and the preload adjustment mechanism has an oil storage chamber. The oil storage chamber and the adjustment chamber are in communication. The ECU controls the drive assembly to drive the oil in the oil storage chamber to flow into the adjustment chamber, thereby changing the volume of the oil in the adjustment chamber and causing the hydraulic adjustment seat to slide. A magnetic block is provided on the hydraulic cylinder to form a magnetic field. A spring damper adjustment seat is provided on the hydraulic cylinder. The sliding of the hydraulic adjustment seat acts on the damping part of the spring damper and drives the spring damper adjustment seat to move. The spring damper adjustment seat drives the preload sensor to move. During the movement of the preload sensor, the magnetic induction between it and the magnetic block is changed and transmitted to the ECU.
[0012] The preload sensor is used to monitor the position change of the spring damper adjustment seat and provide real-time feedback to the ECU on the stroke of the damping part of the spring damper.
[0013] Optionally, the preload adjustment mechanism has an oil storage chamber, in which a floating piston is slidably fitted, and the floating piston is used to squeeze the oil in the oil storage chamber into the adjustment chamber.
[0014] Optionally, the preload adjustment mechanism is provided with an adjustment tube, which can be manipulated to slide axially and push the floating piston to slide.
[0015] Optionally, the preload adjustment mechanism is provided with a drive assembly, which includes a drive source and an adjustment rod. The adjustment rod is threadedly connected to the adjustment pipe, and the drive source is used to drive the adjustment rod to rotate, thereby driving the adjustment pipe to slide axially.
[0016] Optionally, the driving source is a motor, and the adjusting rod is used to convert the radial rotation of the motor into the axial sliding motion of the adjusting tube.
[0017] Optionally, the preload adjustment mechanism is provided with a guide cylinder, and the adjustment tube is slidably disposed within the guide cylinder along the axial direction.
[0018] Optionally, the adjusting rod and the guide cylinder are in a flat-square fit.
[0019] Optionally, the preload adjustment mechanism is provided with a connecting plate, which is used to connect the motor and the guide cylinder.
[0020] Optionally, an oil pipe assembly is provided between the regulating chamber and the oil storage chamber.
[0021] Optionally, the preload adjustment mechanism is provided with a rear cover, and the rear cover forms an oil storage cavity between the guide cylinder and the oil pipe assembly.
[0022] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: by setting a preload sensor on the hydraulic cylinder, the entire preload adjustment mechanism can complete closed-loop control, which effectively solves the problem of cumulative error caused by the loss of pulse signals of DC motor under high load operation, and improves the accuracy of preload adjustment; at the same time, the high-precision adjustment also avoids the phenomenon of motor stalling after excessive cumulative error, which plays a role in protecting the motor and extending the service life of the entire preload adjustment mechanism. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a characteristic curve of the pre-pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the moving position of the preload sensor and the output PWM in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Hydraulic cylinder; 2. Hydraulic adjusting seat; 3. Magnetic block; 4. Preload sensor; 5. Spring damper adjusting seat; 6. End cover; 7. DC motor; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Adjusting rod; 10. Adjusting pipe; 11. Guide cylinder; 12. Floating piston; 13. Rear cover; 14. Oil pipe assembly; 15. Adjusting chamber; 16. Oil storage chamber. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The present invention will be described in further detail below.
[0028] This utility model discloses a shock absorber preload control device.
[0029] Reference Figure 1-3 A shock absorber preload control device includes a hydraulic cylinder 1, a hydraulic adjustment seat 2, a preload sensor 4, a spring shock absorber, a preload adjustment mechanism, a drive assembly, and an ECU. The ECU has preset the movement position of the preload sensor 4 and the corresponding output PWM value.
[0030] The hydraulic cylinder 1 has an adjustment chamber 15, and the preload adjustment mechanism has an oil storage chamber 16. The oil storage chamber 16 communicates with the adjustment chamber 15. The ECU controls the drive assembly to drive the oil in the oil storage chamber 16 to flow to the adjustment chamber 15, thereby changing the volume of the oil in the adjustment chamber 15 and causing the hydraulic adjustment seat 2 to slide. A magnetic block 3 is provided on the hydraulic cylinder 1 to form a magnetic field. A spring damper adjustment seat 5 is provided on the hydraulic cylinder 1. The sliding of the hydraulic adjustment seat 2 acts on the damping part of the spring damper and drives the spring damper adjustment seat 5 to move. The spring damper adjustment seat 5 drives the preload sensor 4 to move. During the movement of the preload sensor 4, the magnetic induction between it and the magnetic block 3 is changed and transmitted to the ECU.
[0031] The preload sensor 4 is used to monitor the position change of the spring damper adjustment seat 5 and to provide real-time feedback to the ECU on the stroke of the damping part of the spring damper.
[0032] By installing a preload sensor 4 on the hydraulic cylinder 1, the entire preload adjustment mechanism can complete closed-loop control, effectively solving the problem of cumulative error caused by the loss of pulse signals of the DC motor 7 under high load operation, and improving the accuracy of preload adjustment. At the same time, the high-precision adjustment also avoids the phenomenon of motor stalling after excessive cumulative error, which protects the motor and extends the service life of the entire preload adjustment mechanism.
[0033] In this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is used to connect the hydraulic adjusting seat 2 and the oil storage chamber 16 to form the adjusting chamber 15, and the hydraulic adjusting seat 2 slides according to the change in the volume of oil in the chamber.
[0034] In this embodiment, the spring damper is a spring damper, and the damping part of the spring damper is a spring.
[0035] In this embodiment, the hydraulic adjustment seat 2 applies hydraulic pressure to the spring, thereby compressing the spring.
[0036] In this embodiment, the magnetic block 3 is positioned at the corresponding location of the hydraulic cylinder 1, thereby creating a magnetic field at that location.
[0037] In this embodiment, the preload sensor 4 monitors the position change of the spring damper adjustment seat 5 and provides real-time feedback on the spring length. Since the hydraulic adjustment mechanism has added the preload sensor 4 device, a closed-loop control is achieved, which effectively solves the problem of cumulative error caused by the loss of pulse signal of DC motor 7 under high load operation, improves the accuracy of preload adjustment, and avoids the phenomenon of motor stalling after excessive cumulative error, thus protecting the motor and extending the service life of the entire preload adjustment mechanism.
[0038] In this embodiment, the spring damper adjustment seat 5 is used to install the preload sensor 4 and the spring is installed on the spring damper adjustment seat 5, so that the spring damper adjustment seat 5 can be compressed or extended by force.
[0039] The preload adjustment mechanism has an oil storage chamber 16, and a floating piston 12 is slidably fitted inside the oil storage chamber 16. The floating piston 12 is used to squeeze the oil in the oil storage chamber 16 into the adjustment chamber 15.
[0040] The preload adjustment mechanism is equipped with an adjustment tube 10, which can be manipulated to slide axially and push the floating piston 12 to slide.
[0041] The preload adjustment mechanism is equipped with a drive assembly, which includes a drive source and an adjustment rod 9. The adjustment rod 9 is threadedly connected to the adjustment tube 10. The drive source is used to drive the adjustment rod 9 to rotate, thereby driving the adjustment tube 10 to slide axially. The adjustment tube 10 slides axially along the adjustment rod 9, thereby pushing the floating piston 12 to move. The adjustment rod 9 and the adjustment tube 10 are connected by a flat square fit to limit the rotation of the adjustment tube 10.
[0042] The driving source is a motor, specifically a DC motor 7. The adjusting rod 9 is used to convert the radial rotation of the motor into the axial sliding motion of the adjusting tube 10.
[0043] A guide cylinder 11 is provided on the preload adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment tube 10 is slidably disposed within the guide cylinder 11 along the axial direction. In this embodiment, the guide cylinder 11 is used to guide the adjustment tube 10.
[0044] The adjusting rod 9 and the guide tube 11 are in a flat square fit, specifically a D-shaped flat square. The adjusting rod 9, through the D-shaped flat square that fits with the DC motor 7, converts the radial rotation of the DC motor 7 into the axial sliding motion of the adjusting tube 10 along the thread.
[0045] Among them, the DC motor 7 obtains electrical energy through a DC power supply and converts the electrical energy into the mechanical rotational motion of the rotor.
[0046] The D-shaped flat section serves as an intermediate component connecting the DC motor 7 and the regulating tube 10, transmitting the radial rotation of the motor to the regulating tube 10.
[0047] The regulating tube 10 transmits the rotational motion of the motor through the D-shaped flat tube, converting it into an axial sliding motion along the thread to achieve the regulating function.
[0048] By utilizing the rotational motion of the DC motor 7 and the conversion of the D-shaped flat tube, the axial sliding of the regulating tube 10 is achieved, thereby achieving the purpose of regulation.
[0049] A connecting plate 8 is provided on the preload adjustment mechanism, which is used to connect the motor and the guide cylinder 11.
[0050] An oil pipe assembly 14 is provided between the regulating chamber 15 and the oil storage chamber 16 to connect the regulating chamber 15 and the oil storage chamber 16 to allow the oil to flow and enter the gap between the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the hydraulic regulating seat 2, thereby pushing the hydraulic regulating seat 2 to move and compress the spring. A sealing ring is provided between the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the hydraulic regulating seat 2.
[0051] The preload adjustment mechanism is provided with a rear cover 13. The rear cover 13 forms an oil storage chamber 16 between the guide cylinder 11 and the oil pipe assembly 14. The oil storage chamber 16 is used to connect the guide cylinder 11 and the oil pipe assembly 14 to store oil.
[0052] In this embodiment, the preload adjustment mechanism is provided with an end cover 6, which is used to install and lock the DC motor 7.
[0053] In this embodiment, the ECU is an in-vehicle ECU.
[0054] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 Before assembling the entire preload adjustment mechanism, the preload sensor 4 is tested for different positions of the shock absorber magnetic block 3 to detect the relationship between the moving position of the preload sensor 4 (i.e., the spring travel) and the output PWM. For example:
[0055] Taking "Gear 1 - Preload 3240N; Gear 2 - Preload 3960N; Gear 3 - Preload 4500N" as an example, the default preload is gear 1. When switching to gear 2, the ECU sends 5000 pulse signals to the DC motor 7 (a small number of pulse signals may be lost during this process, so 4930 pulses may actually be executed). The DC motor 7 rotates at a certain angle, causing the adjusting rod 9 to rotate in place. The adjusting rod 9 and the guide cylinder 11 have a flat square fit, so it does not rotate in place, but moves along the thread of the hydraulic adjusting rod 9. During the extension of the regulating pipe 10, it pushes the floating piston 12 to squeeze the oil in the oil reservoir 16. At this time, the oil will be squeezed from the oil reservoir 16 into the regulating chamber 15 through the oil pipe assembly 14. Due to insufficient space in the regulating chamber 15, the internal pressure gradually increases, eventually pushing the hydraulic regulating seat 2 to move. The hydraulic regulating seat 2 pushes the spring damper regulating seat 5. While compressing the spring, the spring damper regulating seat 5 will drive the preload sensor 4 to move 3.9mm, that is, the spring is compressed by 36.9mm from its original preload state. During the displacement of the preload sensor 4, the magnetic induction between it and the magnetic block 3 will change, and this change will be fed back to the ECU in the form of PWM=65.3. The ECU can then determine that the spring has not been compressed to the specified position by comparing it with the pre-set PWM=66.4, and thus determine that the DC motor 7 has not accurately completed the command. The ECU will continue to send pulse signals to execute until it is adjusted to the standard position 7 (accuracy tolerance = ±0.05mm). The switching of other gears is the same.
[0056] The design of this utility model involves changing the structure on one side of the adjustment cavity 15, replacing it with a hydraulic cylinder 1, a hydraulic adjustment seat 2, and a spring damper adjustment seat 5. This reduces the base required in the prior art, lowers the manufacturing difficulty, and moves the previous spring pad outside the hydraulic cylinder 1, eliminating the need for contact with critical dimensions. This reduces the impact of lateral forces on the hydraulic adjustment mechanism, resulting in fewer parts, simpler assembly, lower manufacturing difficulty, and reduced manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the lateral force of the spring no longer acts inside the hydraulic cylinder 1, reducing the risk of damage and oil leakage to the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and extending the service life of the hydraulic adjustment mechanism.
[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A preload control device for a shock absorber, characterized in that: It includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic adjustment seat, a preload sensor, a spring damper, a preload adjustment mechanism, a drive assembly, and an ECU. The ECU is preset with the movement position of the preload sensor and the corresponding output PWM value. The hydraulic cylinder has an adjustment chamber, and the preload adjustment mechanism has an oil storage chamber. The oil storage chamber and the adjustment chamber are in communication. The ECU controls the drive assembly to drive the oil in the oil storage chamber to flow into the adjustment chamber, thereby changing the volume of the oil in the adjustment chamber and causing the hydraulic adjustment seat to slide. A magnetic block is provided on the hydraulic cylinder to form a magnetic field. A spring damper adjustment seat is provided on the hydraulic cylinder. The sliding of the hydraulic adjustment seat acts on the damping part of the spring damper and drives the spring damper adjustment seat to move. The spring damper adjustment seat drives the preload sensor to move. During the movement of the preload sensor, the magnetic induction between it and the magnetic block is changed and transmitted to the ECU. The preload sensor is used to monitor the position change of the spring damper adjustment seat and to provide real-time feedback to the ECU on the stroke of the damping part of the spring damper.
2. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preload adjustment mechanism has an oil storage chamber, and a floating piston is slidably fitted inside the oil storage chamber. The floating piston is used to squeeze the oil in the oil storage chamber into the adjustment chamber.
3. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preload adjustment mechanism is equipped with an adjustment tube, which can be manipulated to slide axially and push the floating piston to slide.
4. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preload adjustment mechanism is equipped with a drive assembly, which includes a drive source and an adjustment rod. The adjustment rod is threadedly connected to the adjustment pipe, and the drive source is used to drive the adjustment rod to rotate, thereby driving the adjustment pipe to slide axially.
5. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving source is a motor, and the adjusting rod is used to convert the radial rotation of the motor into the axial sliding motion of the adjusting tube.
6. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preload adjustment mechanism is provided with a guide cylinder, and the adjustment tube is slidably fitted inside the guide cylinder along the axial direction.
7. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting rod and the guide cylinder are in a flat-square fit.
8. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preload adjustment mechanism is equipped with a connecting plate, which is used to connect the motor and the guide cylinder.
9. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An oil pipe assembly is provided between the regulating chamber and the oil storage chamber.
10. The shock absorber preload control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preload adjustment mechanism is provided with a rear cover, and an oil storage cavity is formed between the rear cover, the guide cylinder, and the oil pipe assembly.