Balanced and optimized wedge-shaped block multi-fulcrum positioning clamp

Abstract

A balanced and optimized wedge-shaped block multi-fulcrum positioning clamp is characterized in that a locking sleeve (6), a clamp body (4) and a positioning sleeve (8) are coaxially connected in a sleeved mode from outside to inside, a pressing ring (5) is connected between the inner wall of the front end of the locking sleeve (6) and the outer wall of the front end of the clamp body (4) in an embedded mode, and a large compression spring (10) and a small compression spring (13) are arranged on the rear section and the front end of the axis of the positioning sleeve (8) respectively; the axial elastic force supporting effect of the large and small two-stage compression springs is applied to the wedge block set and the rear end of the workpiece from back to front, the wedge block set is pushed forwards by a conical opening face of the inner edge of the front end of the clamp body, the wedge blocks are extruded by the inner edge of the front end face of the pressing ring from front to back, and when the inner edges of the multiple wedge blocks make contact with the uneven outer wall of the workpiece, self-adaptive profiling adjustment is achieved; and a balanced clamping and abutting surface is formed. A multi-fulcrum concentric enclosing clamping acting force system of the wedge-shaped block on a workpiece is effectively optimized, two-stage adjustment radial and axial composite adjustment is adopted, self-adaptive profiling clamping is conducted on the appearance of the workpiece, the machining efficiency and the machining precision are improved, and the machining cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the clamping device technical field of machine tool mechanical treatment or finish machining, especially relates to an improved wedge block positioning fixture structure improvement technology for machine tool mechanical treatment or finish machining of metal surface. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of equipment manufacturing industry, the demand of workpiece grinding is increasing, and the workpiece grinding needs to be positioned and clamped by positioning fixture, and the positioning fixture usually adopts elastic clamping jaw or coaxial wedge block structure, and it is difficult to further improve the machining precision and the adaptability to workpieces on the basis of the long-term use of traditional mature technology. The improved technology is mainly based on the actual use condition of the on-site machining.

[0003] Chinese patent application 202021386985.3 discloses a workpiece plane multi-point elastic pressing device, which comprises a fixed seat, a main shaft freely rotating in the fixed seat and an elastic pressing piece. The elastic pressing piece comprises an annular body arranged at the end of the main shaft and at least three pressing blocks arranged on the annular body. The pressing blocks and the annular body are provided with springs. The workpiece is pressed against the workpiece positioning sleeve by the high-rigidity rectangular spring multi-point pressing, and the at least three center-symmetrically arranged pressing blocks can uniformly apply pressure to the workpiece independently to avoid the influence of the workpiece flatness.

[0004] Although the similar newly disclosed literature has noticed that the unevenness of the workpiece shape and material limits the difficulty of adaptive profiling adjustment of the single clamping jaw or clamping block in the prior art, the improved technology has achieved many different actual effects, but still cannot change the situation of low machining efficiency and high machining cost. Utility model content

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of balanced optimization wedge block multi-support point positioning method and fixture, solve above-mentioned prior art problems, using including radial and axial adjustment of double-stage regulation, to workpiece shape is adaptively profiled adjusted, effectively optimize wedge block multi-support point concentric surrounding clamping force system to workpiece, improve machining efficiency and machining precision, reduce machining cost.

[0006] To this end, the utility model, including: the concrete of clamping, compression ring, locking sleeve, positioning sleeve, wedge block group, big compression spring, small compression spring and steel ball. Locking sleeve, clamping and positioning sleeve are coaxially sleeved from outside to inside, the rear end inner wall of the locking sleeve of pipe type structure is screwed with the rear end outer wall of the concrete of clamping of circular tube type structure, the front end inner wall of locking sleeve is embedded with the front end outer wall of clamping and is connected with compression ring, and the clamping is slidably connected with the positioning sleeve; the right side and the front end surface of the positioning sleeve are provided with the wedge block group, and the wedge block group is composed of a plurality of single wedge blocks separated in the radial direction; the big compression spring and the small compression spring are respectively arranged on the rear section and the front end of the central axis of the positioning sleeve; the rear section outer wall of compression ring is embedded with the steel ball between the front end inner wall of locking sleeve; the front end middle part of the wedge block group is a front protruding conical surface, and the rear side outer edge of the wedge block group is a rear diameter-reducing inclined conical surface; the front end port inner edge of the clamping is an inner recessed conical surface and is matched with the rear side outer edge of the wedge block group, and the front end surface of the compression ring protrudes and heart diameter-reducing extends and the inner edge is pressed and connected on the front end surface outer edge of the wedge block group.

[0007] Wherein, the shaft top screw is installed in the middle rear part of the central axis in the positioning sleeve, and the front end of the big compression spring is abutted on the rear end of the shaft top screw.

[0008] The small compression spring sleeve is connected on the second cylindrical pin installed in the front end middle part of the positioning sleeve, the front end of the second cylindrical pin is outwardly protruding and is blocked with the front end of the small compression spring, and the front end of the second cylindrical pin is located in the front end central axis hole of the wedge block group.

[0009] The long cylindrical end fixing screw is radially installed on the rear section inner wall of the clamping, and the inner end of the long cylindrical end fixing screw is clamped into the axial guide groove opened on the rear part outer wall of the positioning sleeve.

[0010] The first cylindrical pin is radially installed on the front section outer wall of the clamping, and the outer end of the first cylindrical pin is clamped into the axial guide groove opened on the rear part inner wall of the compression ring.

[0011] Further, in order to achieve the above object, the utility model is provided with:

[0012] Especially, the radial through hole is opened in the front end outer wall of the locking sleeve, the steel ball is embedded in the radial through hole, and the part of the ball crown of the steel ball is clamped into the ring groove opened on the rear part outer wall of the compression ring, and the flat end fixing screw is used to seal the outer side of the steel ball.

[0013] Especially, the plurality of axial long grooves are opened on the circumference of the clamping, the left end of the axial long grooves is provided with a through hole, the inner hexagonal cylindrical end screw is passed through the through hole to fixedly connect the clamping to the front end surface of the rotary main shaft, and the rear end of the clamping is fixedly connected to the front end surface of the rotary main shaft through the inner hexagonal cylindrical end screw.

[0014] Especially, the rear end of the big compression spring is clamped in the axial center top rod front end blind hole of the front end central axis part of the rotary main shaft.

[0015] Especially, the pipe groove-shaped inner lubricating cavity is opened in the middle section of the inner wall of the clamping or the middle section of the outer wall of the positioning sleeve.

[0016] Especially, the outer lubricating cavity is arranged between the inner wall of the middle part of the locking sleeve and the outer wall of the positioning sleeve, and the limiting ring is screwed on the rear end of the outer lubricating cavity, that is, the inner wall of the rear part of the locking sleeve.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that the locking sleeve is screwed from the outside, two-stage axial elastic force support is combined by the big compression spring and the small compression spring, and the locking sleeve-clamping body-tightening ring is adjusted in the radial and axial directions, the inner edge of the front end surface of the wedge-shaped block is conducted, a plurality of contact points are formed on the outer edge of the clamped workpiece, a balanced abutting surface is adaptively formed, the stability of the clamped workpiece is kept, the workpiece is conveniently, quickly and stably installed, the operation is simple and flexible, and the workpiece machining precision is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The following drawings are schematic and should not be understood as any limitation on the utility model.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model embodiment 1.

[0020] The reference signs include:

[0021] 1-grinding wheel, 2-workpiece, 3-rotary main shaft, 4-clamping body, 5-tightening ring, 6-locking sleeve, 7-shaft top screw, 8-positioning sleeve, 9-wedge-shaped block group, 10-big compression spring, 11-long cylindrical end set screw, 12-first cylindrical pin, 13-small compression spring, 14-interior hexagonal cylindrical end screw, 15-second cylindrical pin, 16-flat end set screw, 17-steel ball, 18-shaft center top rod, 19-interior lubricating cavity, 20-exterior lubricating cavity, 21-limiting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the description of the utility model, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover other possible choices not listed under the same logic; the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for distinguishing the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. In addition, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed during use, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0023] It should be further pointed out that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "providing", "installing", "connecting", "connecting" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Unless otherwise limited, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the utility model belongs. When there is a conflict, the definition in the specification shall prevail.

[0025] The utility model discloses a clamp body 4, a compression ring 5, a locking sleeve 6, a positioning sleeve 8, a wedge block group 9, a large compression spring 10, a small compression spring 13 and a steel ball 17.

[0026] The principle of the balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning method in the utility model is that the axial elastic support of the large compression spring 10 is applied to the left end face of the wedge block group 9 from back to front, and the axial elastic support of the small compression spring 13 is applied to the rear end of the workpiece 2 from back to front; the tapered face of the inner edge of the front end of the clamp body 4 pushes the wedge block group 9 forward, and at the same time, the inner edge of the front end face of the compression ring 5 extrudes the wedge block group 9 from front to back, when the inner edges of the plurality of wedge blocks of the wedge block group 9 contact the uneven outer wall of the workpiece, self-adapting profiling adjustment is formed to form a balanced clamping abutting surface.

[0027] The utility model will be further described below in connection with the drawings and examples.

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0029] The following preferred embodiments and examples of this invention will provide a more readily apparent understanding of its contents. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. In case of any conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0030] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 As shown, the fixture body 4 is fixed to the rotary spindle 3 by three internal hexagonal head screws 14. The shaft top screw 7, used for axial positioning of the workpiece 2, is screwed into the positioning sleeve 8, used for axial positioning of the wedge block assembly 9. The positioning sleeve 8 is coaxially fitted into the fixture body 4. The cylindrical inner end of the long cylindrical head set screw 11, which is radially embedded on the rear outer wall of the fixture body 4, extends into the axial groove opened on the left side, i.e., the rear outer wall of the positioning sleeve 8, to prevent the positioning sleeve 8 from rotating. The inner edge of the left side, i.e., the rear port, of the locking sleeve 6 is threaded into the protruding outer wall of the rear end of the fixture body 4. The right side, i.e., the front end, of the locking sleeve 6 is threaded into the locking sleeve 6. The inner wall of the clamping ring 5 is engaged with the rear outer wall of the clamping ring 5 by a series of steel balls 17 arranged in a ring. The steel balls 17 are inserted through screw holes on the front outer wall of the locking sleeve 6 and sealed with flat-end set screws 16. The front part of the clamping ring 5 protrudes conically from the front central axis. The inner wall of the front part of the clamping ring 5 presses multiple wedge-shaped blocks 9 together inward and backward along the central axis into the front conical hole of the clamping body 4. The outer side (tail end) of the first cylindrical pin 12 fixed on the clamping body 4 extends into the axial guide groove on the rear inner wall of the clamping ring 5 to guide the axial movement of the clamping ring 5 and prevent the clamping ring 5 from rotating. Multiple axial long grooves are opened on the circumference of the clamping body 4. The left end of these axial long grooves has a through hole, through which the clamping body 4 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the rotary spindle 3 by a hexagonal socket head cap screw 14.

[0031] As described above, the inner wall of the front port of the clamping body 4 and the outer wall of the front end of the positioning sleeve 8 are provided with a sliding engagement structure of mutually cooperating guide grooves. The outer wall of the middle part of the locking sleeve 6 has an insertion hole for installing a screwing handle.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, a lubrication bushing or grease is placed in the inner lubrication cavity 19 and the outer lubrication cavity 20.

[0033] In the embodiment of the utility model, the clamping body 4 is axially fixedly connected with the rotary main shaft 3, the rear end of the locking sleeve 6 is threadedly connected with the clamping body 4, the front end of the locking sleeve 6 is pressed and clamped by the steel ball 17 and the compression ring 5, when the locking sleeve 6 rotates and moves axially, the compression ring 5 overcomes the tension of the large compression spring 10 and the small compression spring 13 to extrude the wedge block group 9 in the limited stroke, the workpiece 2 is further clamped centripetally, in this process, the large compression spring 10 supported by the rotary main shaft 3 pushes the rear end of the positioning sleeve 8 and the shaft top screw 7 to move along the axial direction under the limitation of the long cylindrical end fixing screw 11, and rigidly further drives the positioning sleeve 8 and the front part of the wedge block group 9 to push the auxiliary clamping workpiece 2. The small compression spring 13 is sleeved outside the second cylindrical pin 15 fixedly connected with the front end of the shaft top screw 7. The workpiece 2 is clamped in the enclosed axial position of a group of wedge block groups 9 on the right side or the front end of the small compression spring 13 and the second cylindrical pin 15.

[0034] In the embodiment of the utility model, the second cylindrical pin 15 front end tightly pushes the workpiece 2 rear end face under the pushing of the small compression spring 13, and the grinding wheel 1 is located on the front side of the workpiece 2.

[0035] In the embodiment of the utility model, the rotary main shaft 3 front end middle shaft part is internally provided with a central hole, and the shaft center top rod 18 is arranged in the central hole.

[0036] In the embodiment of the utility model, the wedge block group 9 is coaxially arranged with three to six wedge blocks, and is surrounded to form a front end face inclined to the rear side and a rear part outer wall inclined to the rear side central axis.

[0037] In the embodiment, a certain gap amount is left between the left end face of the positioning sleeve 8 and the rotary main shaft 3 and the shaft center top rod 18, so that the compression ring 5 can have enough stroke to press the wedge block 9 tightly, and then the wedge block 9 has enough radial contraction amount to clamp the workpiece. The right end of the small compression spring 13 abuts against the left end face of the workpiece, and the left end face of the workpiece abuts against the second cylindrical pin 15.

[0038] In the embodiment, the positioning sleeve 8 and the wedge block 9 are two separate parts, and the abutting structure relationship is different from the spring clamping jaw. The left end face of the plurality of wedge blocks is in contact with the right end face of the positioning sleeve, and in the clamping and loosening process, the wedge block moves axially, and at the same time, the radial movement also occurs, so that the workpiece 2 can be clamped or loosened. Because the wedge block moves axially while moving radially, the relative radial movement also occurs between the left end face of the wedge block and the right end face of the positioning sleeve 8. That is, the wedge block and the positioning sleeve cannot be integrated, otherwise the wedge block cannot move radially.

[0039] The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows:

[0040] When the locking sleeve 6 is rotated clockwise, the locking sleeve 6 moves left; the compression ring 5 is driven by the steel ball 17 to push the plurality of wedge blocks 9 and the positioning sleeve 8 to move left against the elastic force of the large compression spring 10 installed in the positioning sleeve 8, and the plurality of wedge blocks are radially contracted to generate clamping force on the workpiece 2 during the left movement of the plurality of wedge blocks, so that the workpiece 2 is clamped.

[0041] When the locking sleeve 6 is rotated counterclockwise, the locking sleeve 6 moves right; the compression ring 5 is driven by the steel ball 17 to move right at the same time. The large compression spring 10 installed in the positioning sleeve 8 pushes the positioning sleeve 8 to move right to push the plurality of wedge blocks to move right, and the radial clamping force of the plurality of wedge blocks disappears during the right movement of the plurality of wedge blocks; the small compression spring 13 at the right end of the positioning sleeve 8 pushes out the workpiece 2.

[0042] Although the embodiments of the utility model are described in combination with the drawings, various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture, comprising a fixture body (4), a clamping ring (5), a locking sleeve (6), a positioning sleeve (8), a wedge block assembly (9), a large compression spring (10), a small compression spring (13), and a steel ball (17); characterized in that, The locking sleeve (6), clamping body (4), and positioning sleeve (8) are coaxially sleeved from the outside to the inside. The inner wall of the rear end of the tubular locking sleeve (6) is screwed to the outer wall of the rear end of the circular tubular clamping body (4). A clamping ring (5) is embedded between the inner wall of the front end of the locking sleeve (6) and the outer wall of the front end of the clamping body (4). The positioning sleeve (8) is slidably lined inside the clamping body (4). A wedge block group (9) is adjacent to the right side and the front side of the front end of the positioning sleeve (8). The wedge block group (9) is composed of multiple radially separated individual wedge blocks. On the central axis of the positioning sleeve (8) A large compression spring (10) and a small compression spring (13) are respectively provided at the rear and front ends; a steel ball (17) is inserted between the outer wall of the rear end of the clamping ring (5) and the inner wall of the front end of the locking sleeve (6); the middle of the front end of the wedge block group (9) is a forward-protruding conical surface, and the outer edge of the rear side of the wedge block group (9) is a concave conical surface; the inner edge of the front port of the clamping body (4) is a concave conical surface and cooperates with the outer edge of the rear side of the wedge block group (9); the front end of the clamping ring (5) protrudes forward and extends outward with a concentric constriction, and its inner edge is pressed against the outer edge of the front end of the wedge block group (9).

2. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A shaft top screw (7) is installed in the middle rear part of the central shaft inside the positioning sleeve (8), and the front end of the large compression spring (10) is pressed against the rear end of the shaft top screw (7).

3. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The small compression spring (13) is sleeved on the second cylindrical pin (15) installed at the middle of the front end of the positioning sleeve (8). The front end of the second cylindrical pin (15) protrudes outward and blocks the front end of the small compression spring (13). The front end of the second cylindrical pin (15) is located in the central hole at the front end of the wedge block group (9).

4. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A long cylindrical end set screw (11) is radially installed on the inner wall of the rear section of the clamping body (4). The inner end of the long cylindrical end set screw (11) is inserted into the axial guide groove opened on the outer wall of the rear part of the positioning sleeve (8).

5. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cylindrical pin (12) is radially installed on the outer wall of the front section of the clamping body (4), and the outer end of the first cylindrical pin (12) is inserted into the axial guide groove opened on the inner wall of the rear part of the clamping ring (5).

6. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A steel ball (17) is inserted into the radial through hole on the outer wall of the front end of the locking sleeve (6), and part of the crown of the steel ball (17) is inserted into the annular groove on the outer wall of the rear part of the clamping ring (5). The steel ball (17) is sealed with a flat-end set screw (16) on the outside.

7. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture body (4) has multiple axial slots on its circumference. The left end of these axial slots has a through hole, through which the fixture body (4) is fixedly connected to the front end face of the rotary spindle (3) by passing through the through hole with an internal hexagonal cylindrical end screw (14).

8. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the large compression spring (10) is fitted into the blind hole at the front end of the spindle push rod (18) of the central shaft at the front end of the rotary spindle (3).

9. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping body (4) has an inner wall middle section or a positioning sleeve (8) with an outer wall middle section with an open pipe groove-shaped inner lubrication cavity (19).

10. The balanced and optimized wedge block multi-support positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, An external lubrication cavity (20) with a groove structure gap is provided between the inner wall of the middle part of the locking sleeve (6) and the outer wall of the positioning sleeve (8). At the same time, a limiting ring (21) is screwed onto the rear end of the external lubrication cavity (20), i.e. the rear inner wall of the locking sleeve (6).

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