Breathable paving structure for tree root domain range

Abstract

The utility model relates to a breathable paving structure used in a tree root area range, which comprises geotechnical cloth, a hollow breathable layer and a prefabricated cover plate which are sequentially arranged on an original soil layer from bottom to top, and the prefabricated cover plate is laid in a spliced mode and is supported and fixed through a plurality of supporting seats which are arranged at intervals. The supporting seat comprises a first foundation column, a second foundation layer and a connecting plug pin which are vertically arranged in an original soil layer, the first foundation column comprises a cylinder on the lower portion and a T-shaped platform column on the head portion, and the prefabricated cover plate comprises a reinforcing mesh, a concrete layer poured on the reinforcing mesh, ventilation holes and positioning holes; the positioning holes are filled with self-compacting grouting materials, the hollow breathable layer is formed by laying a plurality of mutually-spliced breathable bricks, and through holes are formed in the breathable bricks. The water-permeable and air-permeable performance of the paving structure around the ancient and famous trees can be improved, so that the soil environment is improved, and healthy growth of big trees is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of landscape construction technology, and in particular to a breathable paving structure for the root zone of trees. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of urbanization, the demand for public spaces such as parks is constantly increasing. However, traditional paving methods, such as impermeable stone and concrete structural layers, block the exchange and circulation of moisture and air between the surface and the subgrade. This not only prevents rainwater from infiltrating the soil, causing soil compaction, reduced soil fertility and organic matter content, but also seriously affects the growth of surrounding large trees, even causing their death. This phenomenon is particularly evident around ancient and famous trees.

[0003] To address these issues, existing permeable paving technologies typically involve laying permeable bricks with open holes directly on the subgrade, connecting the surface to the subgrade to achieve the water and air permeability. However, these paving structures are tightly bonded to the subgrade, resulting in a small contact area between the subgrade and the air, leading to unsatisfactory water and air permeability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a permeable paving structure for the root zone of trees, which aims to improve the water permeability and air permeability of the paving structure around ancient and famous trees, thereby improving the soil environment and promoting the healthy growth of large trees.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a breathable paving structure for the root zone of trees, comprising, from bottom to top, geotextile, a hollow breathable layer, and prefabricated cover plates laid on the original soil layer. The prefabricated cover plates are supported and fixed by multiple spaced-apart support seats, which are located at the splicing positions of the prefabricated cover plates. Each support seat includes a first foundation column vertically installed within the original soil layer, a second foundation layer installed on the outer layer below the first foundation column, and a connecting pin vertically installed at the top to connect and fix the prefabricated cover plates. The first foundation column includes a lower cylindrical section and a T-shaped column at the top. The first foundation column is a reinforced concrete column with a strength grade of C30. C12 steel bars are used to run through the cylindrical and T-shaped columns in the first foundation column. The second foundation layer is a crushed stone layer with a diameter of 20-30mm. The precast cover plate includes a steel mesh, a concrete layer poured on the steel mesh, ventilation holes running through the concrete layer, and positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the connecting pins. The connecting pins are positioned through the positioning holes, and the positioning holes are filled with self-compacting grout. The hollow permeable layer is made up of multiple interlocking permeable bricks, and the permeable bricks are provided with through holes.

[0006] Preferably, the connecting pin is made of C20 steel bar.

[0007] Preferably, the steel mesh is woven from steel bars with a diameter of 6mm at a spacing of 100mm.

[0008] Preferably, a dry-hardened mortar bonding layer and a surface layer are sequentially laid on the precast cover plate. The dry-hardened mortar bonding layer is a cement mortar layer, and the surface layer is a wear-resistant and anti-slip material.

[0009] Preferably, the self-compacting grout is of grade C40.

[0010] Preferably, when the precast cover plate is installed in the pedestrian area, it has a thickness of 80mm and the steel mesh is installed at a position 25mm from the bottom surface of the concrete layer; when the precast cover plate is installed in the vehicular area, it has a thickness of 150mm and the steel mesh is installed at a position 25mm from the bottom surface of the concrete layer.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0012] This utility model's permeable paving structure, through its rationally designed permeable layer, facilitates smoother air exchange between the ground surface and the subgrade, increases the oxygen content in the soil, aids in the respiration of tree roots, and promotes healthy tree growth. It is of great significance in urban greening, park construction, and the protection of ancient and famous trees. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a breathable paving structure;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated cover plate structure. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] This utility model provides a breathable paving structure for the root zone of trees, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, the breathable paving structure includes, from bottom to top, geotextile 5, a hollow breathable layer 6, and precast cover plates 7 laid together on the original soil layer 4. The precast cover plates 7 are supported and fixed by multiple spaced support seats 8. The support seats 8 are located at the splicing positions of the precast cover plates 7. Each support seat 8 includes a first foundation column 3 vertically installed in the original soil layer 4, a second foundation layer 2 installed on the lower outer layer of the first foundation column 3, and a connecting pin 1 vertically installed at the top to connect and fix the precast cover plates 7. The first foundation column 3 includes a lower cylindrical section and a T-shaped column at the top. The first foundation column 3 is C30. The reinforced concrete columns are configured with strength grade. The first foundation column 3 uses C12 steel bars to run through the cylindrical and T-shaped columns. The second foundation layer 2 is a crushed stone layer with a diameter of 20-30mm. The precast cover plate 7 includes a steel mesh 9, a concrete layer 10 poured on the steel mesh 9, a ventilation hole 11 running through the concrete layer 10, and a positioning hole corresponding to the position of the connecting pin 1. The connecting pin 1 is positioned through the positioning hole. The positioning hole is self-filled with self-compacting grout 14. The hollow permeable layer 6 is made of multiple interlocking permeable bricks, and the permeable bricks are provided with through holes.

[0020] Support base 8 is a key component in the permeable pavement structure, primarily serving to support and secure the precast cover slab. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the support base 8 is composed of the following main elements:

[0021] Connecting pin 1:

[0022] Materials: Made of C20 steel bars to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity and durability.

[0023] Function: The connecting pin is used to firmly fix the prefabricated cover plate to the support base to prevent it from shifting or loosening.

[0024] Second base layer 2:

[0025] Materials: Select standard crushed stone particles with a diameter between 20 and 30 mm.

[0026] Function: The crushed stone layer is located in the foundation part of the support base and plays a role in drainage, aeration and enhancing the stability of the foundation.

[0027] First foundation column 3:

[0028] Materials: Concrete prepared according to C30 strength grade.

[0029] Function: Concrete is the main load-bearing material of the support. It encapsulates the crushed stone layer and fixes the connecting pins to form a stable structural system.

[0030] The precast cover slab 7 is another important component of the permeable pavement structure. It is laid directly on the support base 8 to form a continuous pavement surface. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the prefabricated cover plate 7 is composed of the following main elements:

[0031] Steel mesh 9:

[0032] Materials: 6 mm diameter steel bars, woven into a mesh at 100 mm intervals.

[0033] Function: The steel mesh 9 enhances the overall rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the precast cover plate 7, preventing it from cracking or being damaged due to excessive stress.

[0034] Ventilation hole 11:

[0035] Shape and size: Circular hole, 50 mm in diameter.

[0036] Function: The ventilation holes 11 facilitate ventilation and drainage, while also reducing the weight of the prefabricated cover plate 7, making it easier to handle and install.

[0037] Concrete layer 10:

[0038] Materials: Concrete prepared according to C30 strength grade.

[0039] Function: Concrete fills the space formed by the steel mesh to form a sturdy and durable precast cover.

[0040] Preferably, when the precast cover plate 7 is installed in the pedestrian area, it has a thickness of 80mm, and the steel mesh 9 is installed at a position 25mm away from the bottom surface of the concrete layer 10; when the precast cover plate 7 is installed in the vehicular area, it has a thickness of 150mm, and the steel mesh 9 is installed at a position 25mm away from the bottom surface of the concrete layer 10.

[0041] Furthermore, the precast cover plate 7 is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the position of the connecting pin 1. The connecting pin 1 is positioned through the positioning holes. The positioning holes are self-filled with self-compacting grout 14. The self-compacting grout 14 is of grade C40 and is used to fill and reinforce gaps and cracks in the structure, thereby improving the stability and durability of the overall structure.

[0042] The first foundation column 3 includes a lower cylindrical section and a T-shaped column at the top. The first foundation column 3 is a reinforced concrete column with a C30 strength grade. C12 steel bars are installed throughout the cylindrical section and the T-shaped column. The C12 steel bars and the 100mm diameter C30 reinforced concrete column serve as the cylindrical section and the T-shaped column. These high-strength materials can be used to construct more robust support columns or structural columns to meet the needs of specific application scenarios.

[0043] The subgrade 4 is made of original soil that has been properly treated to achieve the required density and bearing capacity, serving as the foundation layer of the paving structure and providing stable support for the entire structure. The hollow permeable layer 6 consists of multiple interlocking permeable bricks with through-holes. The hollow permeable layer 6 is not only aesthetically pleasing but, more importantly, provides excellent air permeability and drainage, contributing to tree growth and ground maintenance. Appropriate hollow areas are reserved in the paving structure to enhance air permeability. The proportion of the reserved area should not exceed 20% of the total paving area (i.e., for a total paving area of ​​T square meters, the reserved area of ​​the hollow permeable layer should not exceed 0.2 * T square meters), and under no circumstances should the maximum area of ​​a single reserved area exceed 200 square meters to avoid excessively large local areas affecting the stability and functionality of the overall structure.

[0044] Preferably, a dry-hardened cement mortar bonding layer 12 and a surface layer 13 are sequentially laid on the precast cover 7. The dry-hardened cement mortar bonding layer 12 is a cement mortar layer, mainly composed of cement, sand, and water mixed in a certain proportion. It is laid on top of the precast cover 7 and has high strength and adhesion, effectively fixing the surface layer material and enhancing the overall stability and durability of the paving structure. The surface layer 13 is a wear-resistant and anti-slip material layer, typically made of materials with good wear resistance and excellent anti-slip performance, such as wear-resistant floor tiles and anti-slip coatings, to provide a comfortable and safe walking surface and protect the underlying structural layer from wear and damage.

[0045] Geotextile 5 is a 200g layer of geotextile laid on top of the soil base 4 to isolate the soil and the paving structure and prevent soil particles from seeping into the paving layer.

[0046] For precious tree species such as ancient and famous trees, the breathable paving structure of this utility model can provide a better growing environment, reduce the risk of death of ancient trees due to soil environmental deterioration, and help protect the survival and reproduction of ancient and famous trees.

[0047] Taking the renovation of the ancient tree platform in Badachu Park, Beijing as an example, the permeable paving structure for forestry purposes of this utility model was used to renovate the ancient tree platform. By laying the permeable paving structure and reserving water-permeable and air-permeable holes or gaps, a certain space is left between the paving layer and the soil surface layer to maintain soil water and air permeability. After comparative experiments and tests, as shown in the table below, it was found that the physical and chemical properties of the soil using the paving structure of this utility model are better than those of the soil under traditional closed paving, proving the positive effect of this utility model.

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] This utility model's permeable paving structure, through a rationally designed permeable layer, facilitates smoother air exchange between the ground surface and the subgrade, increases the oxygen content in the soil, aids in root respiration, and promotes healthy tree growth. It also possesses the following characteristics:

[0051] Improving soil permeability: Permeable paving structures, through a well-designed permeable layer, facilitate smoother air exchange between the surface and the subsoil. This increases the oxygen content in the soil, aiding in root respiration and promoting healthy tree growth.

[0052] Enhancing soil permeability: The paving structure uses permeable materials, allowing rainwater to seep smoothly into the soil and preventing surface water accumulation. This ensures that tree roots receive sufficient water while preventing root rot caused by waterlogging.

[0053] Optimizing the soil environment: Permeable paving structures help maintain soil stability, preventing soil compaction and salinization. They also promote the growth and activity of soil microorganisms, increasing soil fertility and organic matter content, thus providing a better growing environment for trees.

[0054] Promoting tree root development: Good aeration and water permeability help tree roots expand and penetrate deeper. Roots can better absorb nutrients and water from the soil, supporting the tree's robust growth.

[0055] Enhancing Tree Resilience: Permeable paving structures can mitigate the negative impacts on trees caused by environmental stresses (such as high temperatures and drought). It also strengthens trees' resistance to pests and diseases, helping them maintain health even in harsh environments.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solution claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A permeable paving structure for the root zone of trees, characterized in that: The structure includes, from bottom to top, geotextile (5), a hollow breathable layer (6), and a precast cover plate (7) laid together on the original soil layer (4). The precast cover plate (7) is supported and fixed by multiple spaced support seats (8). The support seats (8) are located at the splicing positions of the precast cover plate (7). Each support seat (8) includes a first foundation column (3) vertically set in the original soil layer (4), a second foundation layer (2) set on the lower outer layer of the first foundation column (3), and a connecting pin (1) vertically set at the top to connect and fix the precast cover plate (7). The first foundation column (3) includes a lower cylindrical column and a T-shaped column at the top. The first foundation column (3) is made of C30 high strength. The first foundation column (3) is made of C12 steel bars that are installed through the cylindrical column and the T-shaped column. The second foundation layer (2) is a crushed stone layer with a diameter of 20-30mm. The precast cover plate (7) includes a steel mesh (9), a concrete layer (10) poured on the steel mesh (9), a ventilation hole (11) that is installed through the concrete layer (10), and a positioning hole corresponding to the position of the connecting pin (1). The connecting pin (1) is positioned through the positioning hole. The positioning hole is filled with self-compacting grout (14). The hollow permeable layer (6) is made of multiple permeable bricks that are spliced ​​together. The permeable bricks are provided with through holes.

2. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pin (1) is made of C20 steel bars.

3. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel mesh (9) is woven from steel bars with a diameter of 6 mm at a spacing of 100 mm.

4. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast cover plate (7) is sequentially covered with a dry hard ash bonding layer (12) and a surface layer (13). The dry hard ash bonding layer (12) is a cement mortar layer, and the surface layer (13) is a wear-resistant and anti-slip material.

5. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-compacting grout (14) is grade C40.

6. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the precast cover plate (7) is set in the pedestrian area, the thickness is 80mm, and the steel mesh (9) is set at a position 25mm away from the bottom surface of the concrete layer (10); when the precast cover plate (7) is set in the vehicle area, the thickness is 150mm, and the steel mesh (9) is set at a position 25mm away from the bottom surface of the concrete layer (10).

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