Prestress type graded energy-absorbing anti-beam-falling device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a prestress type graded energy-absorbing anti-beam-falling device which comprises an inhaul cable assembly, one end of the inhaul cable assembly is sequentially sleeved with a first anchor bearing plate, a multi-step energy absorber and a nut from inside to outside, and the other end of the inhaul cable assembly is sequentially sleeved with a second anchor bearing plate, a prestress type buffering energy-absorbing device and a wedge-shaped nut. The multi-step energy absorber is a reducing cylinder with a center hole, and a plurality of annular grooves are formed in the outer side face of the multi-step energy absorber to form a step type appearance. The prestress type buffering energy-absorbing device comprises an energy-absorbing buffering assembly, a pre-pressing type spring and a prestress stirrup, the energy-absorbing buffering assembly comprises an energy-absorbing elastic body and a pre-bending spring steel sheet assembly, and the pre-bending spring steel sheet assembly is composed of a bottom plate and a plurality of pre-bending spring steel sheets. The device adopts a multi-step type energy absorption structure and is provided with a prestress type buffer energy absorption device, when a large earthquake occurs, energy generated by the earthquake to the beam body can be absorbed step by step and released in a graded energy dissipation mode, and therefore the anti-falling beam body is protected against energy impact caused by instant bearing of huge earthquake waves.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of anti-falling beam devices, in particular to a kind of pre-stressed hierarchical energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Earthquake disaster has become the biggest harm faced by human society, and it is unavoidable, once a major earthquake occurs, society will suffer huge losses, how to protect the safety of bridge structure becomes a difficult problem of the world. When an earthquake occurs, it is necessary to effectively prevent the displacement of viaduct bridge body during vibration to avoid unnecessary losses caused by bridge collapse. In order to prevent bridge from falling, many methods of anti-falling beam are proposed at home and abroad, such as the following measures.

[0003] Method one, chain type anti-falling device, this anti-falling structure mainly uses the flexible movable function of chain to realize a certain range of movement in the daily operation process of box girder, when an earthquake occurs, the bridge displacement changes, the tension of the chain can be used to pull the beam body to achieve anti-falling. However, this scheme is only suitable for small tonnage beams, and the chain type anti-falling device has a single structure, and the relative comprehensive function also has defects, especially in shock absorption, buffer impact energy absorption, and the movable amount is also small, which cannot meet the deformation resetting requirement of large displacement of cross beam under the condition of large earthquake.

[0004] Method two, steel bar anti-falling device, which uses the tensile strength of steel bar structure to pull the box girder to prevent falling. This connecting device cannot realize the buffer function when facing a major earthquake, and the steel bar is prone to brittle fracture due to its high stiffness, and the steel structure cannot realize resetting.

[0005] Therefore, the development of a multi-functional buffer type anti-falling device that can replace, absorb the instantaneous impact energy of a major earthquake, and realize resetting, has become a higher demand in modern bridge seismic design. In addition, how to make the product more economical and the appearance level structure size does not affect the cityscape is also a new market demand.

[0006] Chinese utility model patent 2021205092382 discloses an energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device, which increases a key part energy absorber in the mobile end buffer damping assembly. The structure is simple, the energy absorption performance is obvious, and the impact force generated during an earthquake can be absorbed. The strong impact force caused by the earthquake has been significantly weakened after passing through the mobile end buffer damping assembly, thereby achieving the effect of protecting the beam body. However, the energy absorber of the device is difficult to recover after resisting the earthquake impact force, and the performance has not reached the best, so it needs to be improved to expand the application range. SUMMARY

[0007] The utility model wants to solve the technical problem: provide a kind of prestressed hierarchical energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device, the device adopts multi-step energy-absorbing structure, and set up prestressed buffering energy-absorbing device, when large-scale earthquake occurs, can realize step-by-step absorption and hierarchical energy consumption release energy produced by earthquake to beam body, to protect anti-falling beam main body from avoiding instantaneous energy impact caused by huge seismic wave.

[0008] The technical scheme for solving the above technical problems is: a prestressed hierarchical energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device, comprising a cable assembly, one end of the cable assembly is sequentially sleeved with anchor pad one, multi-step energy absorber and nut from inside to outside, the nut is connected with the cable assembly by thread, the other end of the cable assembly is sequentially sleeved with anchor pad two, prestressed buffering energy-absorbing device and wedge nut from inside to outside, the wedge nut is connected with the cable assembly by thread;The multi-step energy absorber is a variable-diameter cylinder with a hole, and a plurality of annular grooves are formed on the outer side of the multi-step energy absorber to form a stepped shape;The prestressed buffering energy-absorbing device comprises an energy-absorbing buffer assembly, a pre-pressing spring and at least one prestressed stirrup, the energy-absorbing buffer assembly comprises an energy-absorbing elastomer and a pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly, the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly is composed of a bottom plate and a plurality of pre-bent spring steel sheets fixed on the bottom plate, the bottom plate of the energy-absorbing elastomer and the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly is fixedly connected, the pre-bent spring steel sheet is embedded in the energy-absorbing elastomer, the outer side of the energy-absorbing elastomer is provided with a stirrup mounting groove, the prestressed stirrup is mounted in the stirrup mounting groove, the energy-absorbing elastomer and the prestressed stirrup are further sleeved with a limiting sheath pipe, and the pre-pressing spring is mounted between the energy-absorbing elastomer and the wedge nut.

[0009] Further, the cable assembly comprises a sheath pipe and a sealing cylinder, the inner hole of the sealing cylinder is provided with a sawtooth thread hole for connecting with the sheath pipe and a multi-step inner cavity hole for filling adhesive grout, and the two ends of the sheath pipe are connected with the sealing cylinder by thread.

[0010] Further, the inner end of the sealing cylinder and the sheath pipe between the sealing cylinders are wrapped with a wave-shaped sealing belt.

[0011] Further, the cable assembly comprises a filament separator and an anchor cup, the filament separator is a conical structure with large inner side and small outer side, a plurality of cable holes are uniformly arranged on the filament separator, and the filament separator is connected with the anchor cup by screw.

[0012] Further, the multi-step energy absorber is made of low-alloy material or shock-absorbing rubber or ACF material.

[0013] Further, the cross-sectional shape of the annular groove is U-shaped, triangular or rectangular.

[0014] Further, the multi-step energy absorber is wrapped with a buffer layer.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The multi-step energy absorber is a stress structure model capable of absorbing energy through multi-step buffering, utilizes the stepped structure, and adjusts the design of the step size and the step shape through the characteristics of different materials, so that the performance of resisting different seismic impact forces is achieved; the stepped structure can also realize the function of gradually buffering and absorbing seismic energy, so that the damage caused by instantaneous seismic impact is avoided.

[0017] 2. The prestressed buffering and energy absorbing device is composed of a pre-pressing spring, a prestressed stirrup, a pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly and an energy absorbing elastic body, the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly has pre-bent spring steel sheets subjected to stress, the pre-bent spring steel sheets, the prestressed stirrup and the energy absorbing elastic body are coupled together to form a set of buffering and energy absorbing device with internal prestress, the circumferential prestressed stirrup and the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly coupled together generate bidirectional prestress effect of axial reverse energy absorption, so that multi-dimensional and graded energy absorption is effectively realized, and the function and effect of the energy absorbing device are greatly improved; in addition, the pre-pressing spring is compressed to a certain length, and a certain deformable amount is reserved to satisfy the free adjustment space of normal thermal expansion and contraction between box girder structures (i.e. the distance H between the energy absorbing elastic body and the wedge-shaped nut is adjustable).

[0018] 3. The anchorage device of the cable assembly is designed with a sealing cylinder with internal toothed steps, and the main function of the multi-step internal cavity hole is to improve the adhesion of the internal pouring material of the cable, improve the gripping force of the steel strand and the anticorrosion protection effect. The sawtooth shape design of the front end of the sealing cylinder is used to improve the combined sealing effect with the outer threaded protective sleeve pipe, and the sealing performance of the protective sleeve pipe and the sealing cylinder is improved through the secondary wrapping of the wave-shaped sealing band. In addition, the wedge-shaped wire separating positioner is arranged at the interface between the anchor cup and the sealing cylinder to separate and position the steel wire / steel strand / steel wire rope, and the screw arranged in a certain arrangement applies pressure stress to the wire separating positioner to make it wedge-shaped deformation, so as to realize the enhanced sealing of the steel wire or steel strand.

[0019] 4. The utility model adopts a wave-shaped sealing band as a wrapping band, and forms a double-layer wave-shaped superposition structure after wrapping, so that the superposition effect of the wrapping band greatly improves the mutual friction force between ordinary single-layer wrapping bands, and improves the bonding firmness and sealing effect between the wrapping bands.

[0020] 5、The utility model discloses a certain recovery function after resisting earthquake impact force, and wide application range. The multi-step energy absorber, spring steel sheet and pre-pressing spring of the utility model are all recoverable components, and all have reliable recovery ability after resisting earthquake impact force, have the functions of multistage anti-seismic, multistage energy absorption and recovery, can adapt to the earthquake disaster of variable focus, uncertain amplitude period and uneven earthquake energy release in recent years, have wider applicability, and have higher market value.

[0021] Below, the technical features of a prestressed hierarchical energy absorption anti-falling beam device of the utility model are further explained in connection with the drawings and examples. DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The prestressed hierarchical energy absorption anti-falling beam device structure schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2-1 The multi-step energy absorber structure schematic diagram of the utility model (the cross section shape of annular groove is U type).

[0024] Figure 2-2 The multi-step energy absorber structure schematic diagram of the utility model (the cross section shape of annular groove is triangle).

[0025] Figure 2-3 The multi-step energy absorber structure schematic diagram of the utility model (the cross section shape of annular groove is rectangle).

[0026] Figure 2-4 The multi-step energy absorber structure schematic diagram of the utility model (the cross section shape of annular groove is U type, and the outer layer is wrapped with buffer layer).

[0027] Figure 3 The prestressed buffer energy absorption device structure schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 The energy absorption buffer assembly structure schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 The pre-bending spring steel sheet assembly structure one perspective view of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 6 The pre-bending spring steel sheet assembly structure two front view of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 7 The pre-bending spring steel sheet assembly structure two perspective view of the utility model.

[0032] Figure 8 The cable assembly schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 9: Schematic diagram of the connection between the wire splitter and the screw in this utility model.

[0034] Figure 10 : Schematic diagram of the wire splitting positioner of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 11 : Schematic diagram of the wavy sealing strip structure of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 12 : Schematic diagram of the sealing cylinder structure of this utility model.

[0037] In the diagram: 1-Nut, 2-Multi-step energy absorber, 21-Annular groove, 3-Anchor plate one, 4-Cable assembly, 41-Anchor cup, 42-Wire splitter locator, 421-Cable threading hole, 43-Wave-shaped sealing strip, 431-Wave-patterned layer, 432-Self-adhesive layer, 44-Sheath tube, 45-Sealing cylinder, 451-Serrated thread hole, 452-Multi-step inner cavity hole, 46-Screw, 5-Prestressed buffer energy absorption device, 51-Prestressed stirrup, 52-Energy absorption buffer assembly, 521-Pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly, 5211-Base plate, 5212-Spring steel sheet, 522-Energy-absorbing elastomer, 53-Pre-compression spring, 6-Wedge nut, 7-Anchor plate two, 8-Limiting sheath tube, 9-Buffer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Example 1: A prestressed, graded energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device, such as... Figures 1-12 As shown, the cable assembly includes a cable assembly 4. The middle part of the cable assembly is defined as the inner part, and the two ends of the cable assembly are defined as the outer parts. One end of the cable assembly 4 is fitted with an anchor plate 3, a multi-step energy absorber 2 and a nut 1 from the inside to the outside. The nut 1 is threadedly connected to the cable assembly 4. The other end of the cable assembly 4 is fitted with an anchor plate 7, a prestressed buffer energy absorption device 5 and a wedge nut 6 from the inside to the outside. The wedge nut 6 is threadedly connected to the cable assembly 4.

[0039] The multi-step energy absorber 2 is a variable-diameter cylinder with a central hole. The diameter of this cylinder decreases from the inside out, and it is made of low-alloy material, shock-absorbing rubber, or ACF material. Multiple annular grooves 21 are formed on the outer surface of the multi-step energy absorber, creating a stepped shape. The cross-sectional shape of the annular grooves 21 can be U-shaped, triangular, or rectangular. Utilizing the stepped groove shape, the shear resistance of the steps is set according to the magnitude of the impact force, achieving energy dissipation from seismic impact. Furthermore, by adjusting the material hardness, the energy absorption effect is achieved during the extrusion deformation process.

[0040] The prestressed buffering energy-absorbing device 5 comprises an energy-absorbing buffering assembly 52, a pre-pressing spring 53 and three prestressed stirrups 51, the energy-absorbing buffering assembly 52 comprises an energy-absorbing elastic body 522 and a pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly 521, the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly 521 is composed of a bottom plate 5211 and a plurality of pre-bent spring steel sheets 5212 fixed on the bottom plate, the pre-bent spring steel sheets are in an arc structure, the energy-absorbing elastic body 522 and the bottom plate of the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly 521 are fixedly connected, the pre-bent spring steel sheets 5212 are embedded in the energy-absorbing elastic body 522, three stirrup mounting grooves 5221 are formed on the outer side of the energy-absorbing elastic body 522, the prestressed stirrups 51 are mounted in the stirrup mounting grooves 5221, and a limiting sheath pipe 8 is further sleeved on the energy-absorbing elastic body 522 and the prestressed stirrups 51. The pre-pressing spring 53 is mounted between the energy-absorbing elastic body 522 and the wedge-shaped nut 6, one end of the pre-pressing spring 53 is located inside the energy-absorbing elastic body 522, and the pre-pressing spring 53 is in a compressed state in the absence of external force. The prestressed buffering energy-absorbing device 5 comprises the prestressed stirrups 51, which form a reverse ring tightening effect on the entire energy-absorbing device in the process of beam falling. The pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly 521 is coupled in the energy-absorbing device, and the bending stiffness of the pre-bent spring steel sheet is utilized, so that the energy-absorbing effect of the energy-absorbing device in the impact deformation process can be greatly improved, the impact work of an instant earthquake can be buffered, and the damage degree caused by the instant earthquake can be reduced to the minimum. The prestressed structure of the two is combined for use, so that a large amount of external energy is consumed to a certain extent, and the overall service life of the cable assembly is effectively protected. The prestressed energy-absorbing device has the characteristics of buffering and energy-absorbing of high-damping energy-absorbing materials, the ring constraint effect of the prestressed stirrup and the mutual coupling effect of the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly, and forms an energy-absorbing device which can absorb and buffer the impact force of an instant earthquake and resist a large impact work. The characteristics of the high-damping energy-absorbing materials and the pre-bent arc structure of the pre-bent spring steel sheet can effectively absorb and buffer the impact force of an instant earthquake through the deformation of the materials and structure, and effectively reduce the damage degree of the earthquake.

[0041] In the embodiment, the bottom plate 5211 of the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly 521 is provided in a circular structure, as shown in the drawing, four pre-bent spring steel sheets are arranged on the circular bottom plate. Figure 5 As a transformation, the square bottom plate or the oval bottom plate can also be designed, and the selection can be made according to the design space and layout of the beam falling prevention.

[0042] In the embodiment, the cable assembly 4 comprises a sheath pipe 44 and a sealing cylinder 45, an inner hole of the sealing cylinder is provided with a sawtooth threaded hole 451 for connecting the sheath pipe and a multi-step inner cavity hole 452 for filling adhesive grout, and the sheath pipe 44 is threadedly connected with the sealing cylinder 45 at two ends respectively. The sheath pipe is wrapped with a wave-shaped sealing belt 43 at the inner end of the sealing cylinder and between the sealing cylinders. The multi-step inner cavity hole 452 of the sealing cylinder is a multi-tapered step structure, and mainly serves to improve the bonding effect of the grout on the sealing cylinder or the gripping degree of the filling material between the steel strands, and solves the phenomenon that the grout is easy to separate or slip off in the prior art. Meanwhile, the small sawtooth thread at the end of the sealing cylinder can be engaged with the sheath pipe to form a bite seal or a threaded screw, and is melted into one after being heated, thereby effectively isolating the steel strands from the direct contact with the external corrosive environment, improving the corrosion-resistant sealing performance to a certain extent, and realizing the double-layer isolation effect under the secondary sealing effect of the wave-shaped sealing belt.

[0043] The wave-shaped sealing belt 43 adopts a double-layer wave pattern superposition structure, that is, the upper layer is a wave pattern layer 431, and the bottom layer is a self-adhesive layer 432, the material characteristics of which need to meet good tensile properties and corrosion resistance and good bonding and sealing properties, the wrapping process must be carried out through the area of 50% mutual lap superposition, and the excess section of the sheath pipe and the front end of the sealing cylinder is wrapped and sealed, so that the external isolation effect of the steel strands or steel wires in the cable body is enhanced. The wave-shaped sealing belt is wrapped and superposed on the outer circle of the sheath pipe, the superposition effect is greatly improved, the mutual friction force between the wrapping belts is improved, the adhesion of the wrapping belts is improved, and thus the adhesion effect is greatly enhanced, and the adhesion is more reliable.

[0044] In the embodiment, the cable assembly 4 comprises a wire separating positioner 42 and an anchor cup 41, the wire separating positioner is a conical structure with a large inner side and a small outer side, a plurality of independent and isolated wire passing holes 421 are uniformly arranged on the wire separating positioner, and the wire separating positioner 42 is connected with the anchor cup 41 through a screw 46; the wire passing holes are mainly used for positioning the steel strands or steel wires, and a pre-stress is applied to the steel strands or steel wires through the screw, so that the outer conical structure is wedge-shaped and tight, and a gripping and sealing effect on the steel strands or steel wires is formed.

[0045] As a transformation of the embodiment, the outer layer of the multi-step energy absorber 2 is wrapped with a buffer layer 22, as shown in Figure 2-4 .

[0046] The working process of the utility model:

[0047] When the earthquake occurs, the seismic shock wave forces the main girder and the pier to move, among the whole anti-falling beam structure, the cable assembly 4 first bears the gravity generated by the displacement of the box girder under the impact of the large displacement tilt of the box girder, under the normal displacement change of the box girder supported by the support, the pre-compression spring 53 on the pre-stressed buffer energy-absorbing device 5 is compressed, when the earthquake capacity gradually increases, the displacement of the box girder exceeds the maximum support size of the support, the pre-compression spring 53 is compressed to the extreme state of the minimum length, then the energy-absorbing buffer assembly 52 starts to absorb the seismic impact work, the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly 521 in it deforms by the mutual extrusion of the nut 1 when the box girder displacement occurs, the energy is absorbed by the deformation and even the destruction of the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly, and when the energy-absorbing elastomer 522 is extruded to a certain state, the outermost pre-stressed stirrup 51 also starts to work, generates hoop pre-stirring force, limits the continuous rapid deformation of the energy-absorbing elastomer to the outside, thereby producing secondary extrusion deformation to realize energy-absorbing effect again. Thus, the cable assembly 4 can avoid directly receiving the impact work caused by the displacement change of the box girder, and effectively realize the limiting and protection effect of the box girder.

[0048] At the same time, the multi-step energy absorber 2 on the other side of the cable assembly also realizes step-by-step energy dissipation through the multi-step impact resistance shearing effect, when the low step is sheared and deformed under the action of low impact work, the initial deformation meets the daily displacement space movement demand. When the earthquake impact damage energy increases and exceeds the stress range of the first step, the second and third steps start to play a role, and the deformation of each step gradually realizes energy dissipation, thereby effectively realizing the effect of buffer energy dissipation. That is, the multi-step energy absorber produces axial extrusion shearing under the continuous displacement change of the box girder, which can gradually offset the seismic shock wave and absorb the energy generated and transmitted by the box girder through the shearing damage effect of the designed multi-step structure with different thicknesses. When the earthquake continues to occur, the deformation continues to increase, the impact damage force of the earthquake on the box girder will continue to realize the damage deformation of the multi-step energy absorber 2 and the pre-stressed buffer energy-absorbing device 5, and absorb the corresponding energy, and finally limit the maximum deformation in the inner cavity of the box girder structure, form an integral structure, connect the front and rear box girders or pier into a whole to resist the damage of the earthquake, and finally realize the prevention of the pier falling off.

Claims

1. A prestressed, graded energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device, comprising a cable assembly (4), characterized in that: One end of the cable assembly is fitted with an anchor plate (3), a multi-step energy absorber (2), and a nut (1) sequentially from the inside to the outside. The nut (1) is threaded to the cable assembly. The other end of the cable assembly is fitted with an anchor plate (7), a prestressed buffer energy absorption device (5), and a wedge nut (6) sequentially from the inside to the outside. The wedge nut (6) is threaded to the cable assembly. The multi-step energy absorber (2) is a variable-diameter cylinder with a central hole. Multiple annular grooves (21) are provided on the outer side of the multi-step energy absorber to form a stepped shape. The prestressed buffer energy absorption device (5) includes an energy-absorbing buffer assembly (52), a pre-compressed spring (53), and at least one prestressed stirrup (51). The energy-absorbing buffer assembly (52) includes an energy-absorbing elastomer. (522) and pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly (521), the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly (521) is composed of a base plate (5211) and multiple pre-bent spring steel sheets (5212) fixed on the base plate, the energy-absorbing elastomer (522) and the base plate of the pre-bent spring steel sheet assembly (521) are fixedly connected, the pre-bent spring steel sheet (5212) is embedded in the energy-absorbing elastomer (522), the outer side of the energy-absorbing elastomer (522) has a stirrup installation groove (5221), the prestressed stirrup (51) is installed in the stirrup installation groove (5221), the energy-absorbing elastomer (522) and the prestressed stirrup (51) are also fitted with a limiting sleeve (8), and the pre-compression spring (53) is installed between the energy-absorbing elastomer (522) and the wedge nut (6).

2. The prestressed graded energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable assembly includes a sheath tube (44) and a sealing cylinder (45). The inner hole of the sealing cylinder is configured with a sawtooth threaded hole (451) for connection with the sheath tube and a multi-step inner cavity hole (452) for filling with adhesive slurry. Both ends of the sheath tube (44) are respectively connected to the sealing cylinder (45) by threads.

3. The prestressed graded energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner end of the sealing cylinder (45) and the outer sleeve between the sealing cylinders are wrapped with a corrugated sealing strip (43).

4. The prestressed graded energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The cable assembly includes a wire splitter (42) and an anchor cup (41). The wire splitter is a conical structure with a larger inner side and a smaller outer side. Multiple cable-passing holes (421) are evenly distributed on the wire splitter. The wire splitter (42) is also connected to the anchor cup (41) by screws (46).

5. The prestressed graded energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The multi-step energy absorber is made of low-alloy material, shock-absorbing rubber, or ACF material.

6. The prestressed graded energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the annular groove is U-shaped, triangular, or rectangular.

7. The prestressed graded energy-absorbing anti-falling beam device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The multi-step energy absorber (2) is wrapped with a buffer layer (9).

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