Soft rock roadway supporting device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of anchor rod supporting, and discloses a soft rock roadway supporting device which comprises an anchor rod, a base plate and a nut, the base plate and the nut are matched with the anchor rod, the soft rock roadway supporting device further comprises a limiting assembly, the limiting assembly is arranged in the anchor rod and comprises a plug pin, one end of the plug pin is rotationally connected with the outer wall of the anchor rod, and the free end of the plug pin is matched with an anchor hole; the driving unit is used for driving the free end of the bolt to be inserted into the anchor hole; the driving unit is a lead screw, one end of the lead screw is coaxially and fixedly connected with the nut, the inner wall of the anchor rod is provided with an internal thread matched with the lead screw, the free end of the lead screw is matched with the connecting end of the bolt and the anchor rod, and the free end of the lead screw is used for abutting against the connecting end of the bolt and the anchor rod; according to the scheme, the limiting assembly is arranged in the anchor rod, the free end of the plug pin is inserted into the anchor hole, and then rotation of the anchor rod is limited; according to the utility model, the problem that the anchor rod rotates together with the base plate and the nut due to the application of pre-tightening force in the mounting process is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present scheme belongs to the technical field of anchor rod support, and particularly relates to a soft rock roadway support device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The anchor rod support technology is the most commonly used support technology in mining tunneling, which mainly uses anchor rods to fix the surrounding rock of the roadway to form a complete support structure, thereby promoting the stability and bearing capacity of the roadway, ensuring the safety of mine production, and promoting the sustainable development of the mining industry. Because the anchor rod support technology has the advantages of convenient construction, simple structure and low cost, it is widely used in mining tunneling.

[0003] The anchor rod is usually made of steel bars or steel pipes, has high strength and tensile properties, and can withstand the load of the rock mass and external force. In order to ensure the effect of anchor rod support, detailed geological exploration and mechanical property analysis of the surrounding rock of the roadway are carried out before application, and appropriate parameters such as anchor rod type, length, spacing, etc. are determined, and the roadway anchor rod support activities are carried out according to the process of preparation work → drilling → hole cleaning → anchor rod installation and anchoring → tensioning and fixing → quality detection and recording.

[0004] Referring to the document (announcement) No. CN108915748A, a device for monitoring the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod and its use method are disclosed. The device includes an upper pad, a lower pad, two signal rods and two hydraulic cylinders filled with hydraulic oil. The center of the upper pad and the lower pad is provided with a through hole through which the anchor rod passes. The through holes of the upper pad and the lower pad are located on the same axis, and the diameter of the through hole matches the diameter of the anchor rod. The anchor rod is provided with an anchor rod nut that fits around the anchor rod at the contact surface between the top end of the upper pad and the anchor rod. The upper pad is symmetrically provided with an opening for fixing the signal rod along the axis of the through hole. The signal rod passes through the opening and is connected to the opening of the upper pad through a signal rod nut at the top end. The hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically fixed and connected to the lower pad along the axis of the through hole. Among them, the two hydraulic cylinders and the two signal rods are distributed in a cross shape with the through hole as the center. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a piston with a piston rod. The diameter of the piston matches the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod extends out of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0005] For example, the above-mentioned anchor rod support device, during the installation of the anchor rod, as the pre-tightening force is applied, the friction between the pad, the nut and the anchor rod is not enough to resist the applied pre-tightening force, causing the anchor rod to rotate with the pad and the anchor rod nut. This will further cause uneven contact between the anchor rod and the hole wall, reducing the bonding force between the anchor rod and the anchoring agent, and reducing the stability of the anchor rod in the rock mass, thereby affecting the stability of the entire support structure. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0006] The purpose of the scheme is to provide a soft rock roadway supporting device to solve the problem that the anchor rod rotates with the washer and the nut due to the pre-tightening force during installation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the scheme provides a soft rock roadway supporting device, which comprises an anchor rod, a washer and a nut matched with the anchor rod, and a limiting assembly arranged in the anchor rod.

[0008] A latch is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod at one end, and the free end of the latch is arranged in cooperation with the anchor hole.

[0009] A driving unit is arranged to drive the free end of the latch into the anchor hole.

[0010] The principle of the scheme is that by arranging the limiting assembly in the anchor rod, one end of the latch is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod, so that the free end (the sharp end) can be inserted into the anchor hole. During the installation of the anchor rod, the driving unit drives the connecting end of the latch to rotate, so that the free end of the latch is inserted into the anchor hole, thereby limiting the rotation of the anchor rod. When the pre-tightening force is applied, the anchor rod will not rotate with the washer and the nut due to the insertion of the latch into the anchor hole.

[0011] The effect of the scheme is that by arranging the limiting assembly in the anchor rod, the problem that the anchor rod rotates with the washer and the nut due to the pre-tightening force during installation is solved, thereby improving the bonding force between the anchor rod and the anchoring agent and enhancing the stability of the anchor rod in the rock mass. Since the anchor rod no longer rotates unnecessarily, the overall stability and bearing capacity of the supporting structure are improved, ensuring the safety of mine production.

[0012] Further, the driving unit is a movable rod, which is slidably arranged in the anchor rod, the outer wall of the movable rod is attached to the inner wall of the anchor rod, one end of the movable rod is arranged at the end of the anchor rod, and the free end of the movable rod is arranged in cooperation with the connecting end of the latch and the anchor rod, and the free end of the movable rod is used to abut against the connecting end of the latch and the anchor rod.

[0013] The principle and effect of the scheme are that by inserting the movable rod into the anchor rod, the free end of the movable rod abuts against and abuts tightly against the connecting end of the latch and the anchor rod, so that the connecting end of the anchor rod and the latch rotates, and then the free end of the latch is inserted into the anchor hole to limit the rotation of the anchor rod.

[0014] Further, the driving unit is a lead screw, one end of the lead screw is fixedly connected with the nut in a coaxial manner, the inner wall of the anchor rod is provided with an inner thread matched with the lead screw, the free end of the lead screw is arranged in cooperation with the connecting end of the latch and the anchor rod, and the free end of the lead screw is used to abut against the connecting end of the latch and the anchor rod.

[0015] The principle and effect of the scheme are that: (1) in the process of installing the anchor rod, the screw rod is aligned with the inner wall of the anchor rod, the screw rod is matched with the internal thread of the anchor rod, then the nut is rotated, the screw rod is screwed into the anchor rod, and the free end of the screw rod is in contact with and tightly abuts the connecting end of the bolt and the anchor rod, so that the connecting end of the anchor rod is rotated, and then the free end of the bolt is inserted into the anchor hole, and as the pre-tightening force increases, the anchor rod can be limited to rotate with the washer and the nut because the bolt has been inserted into the anchor hole. (2) The screw rod is matched with the internal thread of the anchor rod, so that the screw rod can be screwed into the anchor rod while the nut is rotated, thereby the bolt is inserted into the anchor hole, not only the anchor rod is not rotated with the washer and the nut in the process of installation, but also the rotation of the anchor rod is limited while the nut and the washer are installed, and no other operation steps are added, the installation process is simplified, and the construction efficiency is improved.

[0016] Further, the connecting end of the bolt and the anchor rod is provided with a torsional spring; the anchor rod is provided with a groove, and the connecting end of the bolt and the anchor rod is arranged in the groove, and the width of the groove is greater than the width of the bolt.

[0017] The principle and effect of the scheme are that: the torsional spring provides an initial torsional force for the bolt, so that the bolt can be smoothly inserted into the anchor hole in the process of installation. The groove is arranged so that the bolt is located in the groove in the initial state.

[0018] Further, the connecting end of the bolt and the anchor rod is arranged on a push piece, the free end of the push piece is arranged in the anchor rod, and the push piece is arranged in cooperation with the driving unit.

[0019] The principle and effect of the scheme are that: the push piece is arranged, so that the free end of the movable rod or the screw rod can be in contact with and tightly abut the push piece, thereby the bolt is rotated, and then the free end of the bolt is inserted into the anchor hole.

[0020] Further, the scheme further comprises a locking assembly, the locking assembly comprises an air bag and a striker, the air bag is arranged in the screw rod, the air bag is provided with a filler, the screw rod is provided with a through groove, the bolt is provided with a storage groove, the striker is arranged in the storage groove, one end of the striker is connected with a spring, the free end of the spring is fixedly connected with the storage groove, and the needle tip of the striker is arranged in cooperation with the air bag.

[0021] The principle and effect of the scheme are that (1) the anchor rod in the scheme is mainly inserted into soft rock in a mine, and the soft rock usually has low strength and poor stability, and is easy to deform or break when subjected to external force. During construction, due to the compressibility and plastic deformation of the soft rock, the rock around the anchor rod may locally collapse or move, resulting in loose contact between the anchor rod and the anchor hole, and the anchor rod is easy to loosen with the soft rock, so that a gap is generated between the anchor rod and the anchor hole. Therefore, it is necessary to fill the gap between the anchor rod and the anchor hole when the gap appears, to avoid further expansion of the gap and reduce the supporting strength. (2) In the scheme, when a gap appears between the anchor rod and the anchor hole, the bolt and the soft rock are loose, and under the action of vibration, the striker will sway left and right, so that the striker moves towards the air bag, the striker passes through the through slot, the needle tip of the striker pierces the air bag, the filler in the air bag flows out, the filler flows from the through slot to the groove, and finally flows to the anchor hole, thereby filling the gap between the anchor rod and the anchor hole. (3) The scheme sets the locking assembly, thereby solving the problem that the gap between the anchor rod and the anchor hole is generated due to the vibration of construction in the soft rock. When the gap appears between the anchor rod and the anchor hole, the striker pierces the air bag, and the filler in the air bag flows out and fills the gap, thereby increasing the close contact between the anchor rod and the soft rock.

[0022] Further, the storage groove and the through slot are provided with limiting grooves.

[0023] The principle and effect of the scheme are that the limiting groove provides positioning and guiding for the movement of the striker, avoiding dislocation of the striker during movement.

[0024] Further, the locking assembly further includes a support air bag and a pressing plate, the support air bag and the pressing plate are arranged in the screw rod, the support air bag is arranged below the air bag, the pressing plate is arranged below the support air bag, the needle tip of the striker is arranged in cooperation with the support air bag, one end of the pressing plate towards the air bag is provided with a sharp, the other end of the pressing plate is connected with a compression spring, and the free end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the screw rod.

[0025] The principle and effect of the scheme are that (1) in the foregoing scheme, the filler flows out from the air bag too slowly and is not easy to flow out due to the piercing of the air bag by the striker. Therefore, in the scheme, the needle tip of the striker pierces the support air bag, so that the pressing plate loses the support of the support air bag, and under the action of the compression spring, the pressing plate moves towards the air bag, and the sharp on the pressing plate pierces the air bag. Under the pressure of the pressing plate, the filler in the air bag flows out from the air bag quickly. (2) The scheme sets the support air bag and the pressing plate, thereby solving the problems of slow flow rate and difficulty of the filler to flow out, thereby improving the flow rate of the filler, enabling the gap between the anchor rod and the anchor hole to be filled quickly when the gap appears, and enhancing the anchoring effect of the anchor rod and the stability of the supporting structure.

[0026] Further, the screw rod is provided with a cavity, the air bag, the supporting air bag, the pressing plate and the compression spring are arranged in the cavity, the free end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the cavity, and the filler is a fluorescent filler.

[0027] The principle and effects of the scheme are that the cavity is arranged, so that the air bag, the supporting air bag, the pressing plate and the compression spring can be arranged in the screw rod. When the fluorescent filler flows out, the fluorescent filler can seep out of the base plate and adhere to the anchor rod, so that the anchor rod and the anchor hole can be marked and the worker is reminded that there is a gap between the anchor rod and the anchor hole, so that the worker can perform secondary protection on the place.

[0028] Further, the cavity is provided with a guide groove, and the pressing plate is slidably connected with the guide groove.

[0029] The principle and effects of the scheme are that the guide groove provides positioning and guiding for the movement of the pressing plate, so that the pressing plate is prevented from sliding during movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The utility model relates to a soft rock roadway support device Figure One ;

[0031] Figure 2 The utility model relates to a soft rock roadway support device

[0032] Figure 3 The utility model relates to a soft rock roadway support device Figure Two ;

[0033] Figure 4 The utility model relates to a soft rock roadway support device

[0034] Figure 5 The utility model relates to a soft rock roadway support device Figure One ;

[0035] Figure 6 The utility model relates to a soft rock roadway support device Figure Two .

[0036] The names of the corresponding marks in the drawings are: anchor rod 1, recess 11, base plate 2, nut 3, limiting assembly 4, bolt 41, storage groove 411, screw rod 42, through groove 421, cavity 422, push piece 43, locking assembly 5, air bag 51, striker 52, spring 53, supporting air bag 54, pressing plate 55 and compression spring 56. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The utility model discloses a concept and the technical effect produced will be clearly and completely described in the following with examples, to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the utility model. Obviously, the described example is only a part of the utility model's example, and not all examples, based on the example of the utility model, the other example obtained by the person skilled in the art without paying creative labor, all belong to the protection scope of the utility model:

[0038] Embodiments:

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-4 A soft rock roadway supporting device, including anchor rod 1 and the gasket 2 and nut 3 that cooperate with anchor rod 1, gasket 2 is equipped with rubber ring between nut 3, anchor rod 1 is hollow anchor rod 1, still including the limiting component 4 in anchor rod 1, limiting component 4 includes bolt 41, screw rod 42, and paddle 43, anchor rod 1 is provided with recess 11, one end of bolt 41 is rotatably connected with recess 11, bolt 41 is equipped with torsional spring (not shown in the drawing) with the connecting end of recess 11, bolt 41 is equipped with paddle 43 with the connecting end of anchor rod 1, the free end of paddle 43 is equipped in anchor rod 1, paddle 43 is cooperatively arranged with the free end of screw rod 42, the free end (tip) of anchor rod 41 is cooperatively arranged with anchor hole;One end of screw rod 42 is coaxially fixedly connected with nut 3, the inner wall of anchor rod 1 is provided with inner thread matched with screw rod 42, and the free end of screw rod 42 is used to abut paddle 42, so that the free end of bolt 41 is inserted into anchor hole.

[0040] Specific working principle: in the installation process of anchor rod, align screw rod 42 with the inner wall of anchor rod 1, make screw rod 42 cooperate with the inner thread of anchor rod 1 inner wall, then rotate nut 3, make screw rod 42 spin into anchor rod 1, and make the free end of screw rod 42 abut and abut tightly paddle 43, so that the connecting end of anchor rod 1 rotates, and then the free end of bolt 41 is inserted into anchor hole (see Figure 2 ), with the increase of pre-tightening force, bolt 41 has been inserted into anchor hole, and the rotation of anchor rod 1 with gasket 2 and nut 3 can be limited. By the cooperation of screw rod 42 and the inner thread of anchor rod 41, when rotating nut 3, screw rod 42 can spin into anchor rod 1, so that bolt 41 is inserted into anchor hole, not only the rotation of anchor rod 1 with gasket 2 and nut 3 during installation can be prevented, but also the rotation of anchor rod 1 is limited when installing nut 3 and gasket 2, and no other operation steps are added, which simplifies the installation process.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 5-6Further include locking assembly 5, locking assembly 5 includes air bag 51 and firing pin 52, air bag 51 is arranged in the lead screw 42, air bag 51 is provided with filler, such as anchor agent and the like, and the filler is the filler with fluorescent color, so that the filler can be observed by the staff when filling, the lead screw 42 is provided with through slot 421, the bolt 41 is provided with the storage groove 411, the firing pin 52 is arranged in the storage groove 411, the storage groove 411 and the through slot 421 are provided with limiting grooves, the firing pin 52 is slidably arranged in the limiting groove, one end of the firing pin 52 is connected with the spring 53, the free end of the spring 53 is fixedly connected with the storage groove 411, the locking assembly 5 further includes supporting air bag 54 and pressing plate 55, the lead screw 42 is provided with cavity 422, the air bag 51, the supporting air bag 54, the pressing plate 55 and the compression spring 56 are arranged in the cavity 422, the supporting air bag 54 and the pressing plate 55 are arranged in the lead screw 42, the supporting air bag 54 is arranged below the air bag 51, the pressing plate 55 is arranged below the supporting air bag 54, the cavity 422 is provided with a guide groove, the pressing plate 55 is slidably connected with the guide groove, the needle tip of the firing pin 52 is arranged in cooperation with the supporting air bag 54, one end of the pressing plate 55 towards the air bag 51 is provided with a sharp, the sharp is arranged above the supporting air bag 54, so that the sharp will not prick the supporting air bag 54, the other end of the pressing plate 55 is connected with the compression spring 56, the free end of the compression spring 56 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the cavity 422.

[0042] Specific working principle: when the anchor rod 1 and the anchor hole appear gap, the bolt 41 and the soft rock exist loose, under the action of vibration, the firing pin 52 will appear left and right swing, the needle tip of the firing pin 52 moves to the supporting air bag 54 direction, thereby pricking the supporting air bag 54, after the pressing plate 55 loses the support of the supporting air bag 54, under the action of the compression spring 56, the pressing plate 55 moves to the air bag 51 direction, and the sharp on the pressing plate 55 pricks the air bag 51, under the pressure of the pressing plate 55, the filler in the air bag 51 flows out from the air bag 51 quickly, and flows to the recess 11 from the through slot 421, and finally flows to the anchor hole, thereby filling the gap between the anchor rod 1 and the anchor hole.

[0043] The above-mentioned is only the embodiment of the present application, and the specific structure and characteristics of the scheme are not described in detail. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of deformations and improvements can be made, which should be regarded as the protection scope of the present application, which will not affect the effect and practicability of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A soft rock roadway support device comprising an anchor rod (1) and a backing plate (2) and a nut (3) cooperating with the anchor rod (1), characterized in that, Further comprising a limiting assembly (4) provided in the anchor rod (1), the limiting assembly (4) comprising: a bolt (41), one end of the bolt (41) is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the anchor rod (1), and the free end of the bolt (41) is matched with the anchor hole; a driving unit for driving the free end of the bolt (41) to insert into the anchor hole.

2. A soft rock roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving unit is a movable rod, the movable rod is slidably provided in the anchor rod (1), the outer wall of the movable rod is attached to the inner wall of the anchor rod (1), one end of the movable rod is provided at the end of the anchor rod (1), and the free end of the movable rod is matched with the connecting end of the bolt (41) and the anchor rod (1), and the free end of the movable rod is used for abutting against the connecting end of the bolt (41) and the anchor rod (1).

3. A soft rock roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving unit is a lead screw (42), one end of the lead screw (42) is coaxially fixedly connected with the nut (3), the inner wall of the anchor rod (1) is provided with an internal thread matched with the lead screw (42), the free end of the lead screw (42) is matched with the connecting end of the bolt (41) and the anchor rod (1), and the free end of the lead screw (42) is used for abutting against the connecting end of the bolt (41) and the anchor rod (1).

4. A soft rock roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting end of the bolt (41) and the anchor rod (1) is provided with a torsional spring; the anchor rod (1) is provided with a groove (11), the connecting end of the bolt (41) and the anchor rod (1) is provided in the groove (11), and the width of the groove (11) is greater than the width of the bolt (41).

5. A soft rock bolting device according to claim 4, characterised in that: The connecting end of the bolt (41) and the anchor rod (1) is provided with a push piece (43), the free end of the push piece (43) is provided in the anchor rod (1), and the push piece (43) is matched with the driving unit.

6. A soft rock bolting device according to claim 3, characterised in that: Further comprising a locking assembly (5), the locking assembly (5) comprising an air bag (51) and a striker (52), the air bag (51) is provided in the lead screw (42), the air bag (51) is provided with a filler, the lead screw (42) is provided with a through groove (421), the bolt (41) is provided with a storage groove (411), the striker (52) is provided in the storage groove (411), one end of the striker (52) is connected with a spring (53), the free end of the spring (53) is fixedly connected with the storage groove (411), and the needle tip of the striker (52) is matched with the air bag (51).

7. A soft rock bolting device according to claim 6, characterised in that: The storage groove (411) and the through groove (421) are both provided with a limiting groove, and the striker (52) is slidably provided in the limiting groove.

8. A soft rock bolting device according to claim 6, characterised in that: The locking assembly (5) further comprises a supporting air bag (54) and a pressing plate (55), the supporting air bag (54) and the pressing plate (55) are both provided in the lead screw (42), the supporting air bag (54) is provided below the air bag (51), the pressing plate (55) is provided below the supporting air bag (54), the needle tip of the striker (52) is matched with the supporting air bag (54), one end of the pressing plate (55) towards the air bag (51) is provided with a thorn, the other end of the pressing plate (55) is connected with a compression spring (56), and the free end of the compression spring (56) is fixedly connected with the lead screw (42).

9. A soft rock bolting device according to claim 8, characterised in that: The screw rod (42) is provided with a cavity (422), the air bag (51), the supporting air bag (54), the pressing plate (55) and the compression spring (56) are arranged in the cavity (422); the free end of the compression spring (56) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the cavity (422); the filler is a filler with fluorescent color.

10. A soft rock bolting device according to claim 9, characterised in that: The cavity (422) is provided with a guide groove, and the pressing plate (55) is in sliding connection with the guide groove.

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