Engine and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to an engine and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of engines. The engine comprises an air cylinder body, an air cylinder cover body and a cylinder pressure sensor; the air cylinder cover body is arranged at the top of the air cylinder body, and the air cylinder cover body and the air cylinder body jointly define a plurality of combustion chambers which are independently arranged. The cylinder pressure sensor is installed on the cylinder cover and used for detecting the gas pressure in the combustion chamber. The number of the cylinder pressure sensors is at least two, the two cylinder pressure sensors are arranged in different combustion chambers, and the detection angles of the two cylinder pressure sensors are different. According to the engine provided by the invention, the combustion conditions of different combustion chambers are detected by the two cylinder pressure sensors at different detection angles, so that the combustion condition of hydrogen is more accurately detected, and the detection result of the combustion condition of hydrogen is more accurate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to an engine and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the enhancement of people's environmental protection consciousness and the research on sustainable energy, hydrogen is increasingly regarded as a substitute for traditional fossil fuels as a clean, carbon-free and renewable fuel. The ignition energy required for hydrogen combustion is low, and hydrogen has ultra-high octane rating and good anti-knock ability, which can improve the power performance of the engine. However, the easy-to-ignite nature of hydrogen also leads to the problem of early combustion of hydrogen engines.

[0003] To deal with the problem of early combustion, some hydrogen engines are equipped with cylinder pressure sensors in the combustion chamber to monitor the gas pressure in the combustion chamber in real time and avoid early combustion. However, in actual application, due to the complexity of the hydrogen combustion process, the accuracy of the detection results of the cylinder pressure sensor is often unsatisfactory. In addition, the temperature of the probe of the cylinder pressure sensor is prone to rise with the increase of the temperature of the combustion chamber, and when the temperature of the probe is too high, it may trigger early combustion of hydrogen, forming a vicious cycle.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to design an engine that can improve the accuracy of hydrogen combustion detection results and / or avoid excessive temperature of the probe of the cylinder pressure sensor. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The application at least solves one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0006] To this end, the application aims to provide an engine and a vehicle, by arranging at least two cylinder pressure sensors, the two cylinder pressure sensors detect the combustion conditions of different combustion chambers at different detection angles, so as to more accurately detect the hydrogen combustion conditions, thereby increasing the accuracy of the hydrogen combustion condition detection results. In addition, the installation position of the cylinder pressure sensor on the cylinder head is also optimized to avoid early combustion of hydrogen caused by excessive temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides an engine, comprising:

[0008] a cylinder block;

[0009] a cylinder head body arranged at the top of the cylinder block; the cylinder head body and the cylinder block jointly define a plurality of combustion chambers; the plurality of combustion chambers are arranged independently of each other;

[0010] a cylinder pressure sensor installed on the cylinder head body for detecting the gas pressure in the combustion chamber; the cylinder pressure sensor is arranged as at least two, the two cylinder pressure sensors are arranged in different combustion chambers, and the detection angles of the two cylinder pressure sensors are different.

[0011] In the technical scheme, by setting the cylinder pressure sensor as at least two, the two cylinder pressure sensors are arranged in different combustion chambers respectively, and the detection angles of the two cylinder pressure sensors are different, so that the air pressure in the combustion chamber can be detected more accurately, the combustion condition of the combustion chamber of the engine is accurately and comprehensively detected, and then the hydrogen early combustion problem can be effectively prevented and intervened in advance, and adverse consequences can be avoided.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the two cylinder pressure sensors are arranged on the same straight line along the arrangement direction of the combustion chamber.

[0013] In the technical scheme, by arranging the two cylinder pressure sensors on the same straight line along the arrangement direction of the combustion chamber, the arrangement positions of the two cylinder pressure sensors corresponding to the combustion chamber are made as possible as the same, so that the two cylinder pressure sensors can be made as a variable only by the detection angle, and the consistency of the detection of the two cylinder pressure sensors is ensured.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the cylinder head body is provided with a first mounting hole or a second mounting hole, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively communicated with the combustion chamber, the cylinder pressure sensor is mounted in the first mounting hole or the second mounting hole, the central axis of the first mounting hole forms an included angle a1 with the height direction of the cylinder body, the central axis of the second mounting hole forms an included angle a2 with the height direction of the cylinder body, and the angle of the included angle a2 is different from the angle of the included angle a1.

[0015] In the technical scheme, by arranging the first mounting hole or the second mounting hole on the cylinder head, the cylinder pressure sensor is mounted in the first mounting hole or the second mounting hole, so as to realize the mounting and fixation of the cylinder pressure sensor on the cylinder head, and by making the angle of the included angle a2 different from the angle of the included angle a1, the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor mounted in the first mounting hole is made different from the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor mounted in the second mounting hole.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the included angle a1 and the included angle a2 satisfy the relationship a1≥a2.

[0017] And / or, 28°≤a1≤50°.

[0018] And / or, 28°≤a2≤50°.

[0019] In the technical scheme, the angle of the included angle a1 is greater than or equal to the angle of the included angle a2, so that the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor installed in the first mounting hole is greater than or equal to the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor installed in the second mounting hole, in other words, the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor when installed in the first mounting hole is greater than or equal to the detection angle when installed in the second mounting hole; by making 28°≤a1≤50° and / or 28°≤a2≤50°, the installation angle of the cylinder pressure sensor on the cylinder head is limited, and under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor, the temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor is prevented from being too high, so that the early combustion of hydrogen caused by the high temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor is avoided.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the combustion chamber is defined with a first center line along the height direction of the cylinder body, the distance from the intersection of the center axis of the first mounting hole and the bottom surface of the cylinder head body to the first center line is D1, and D1 satisfies: D1≥26mm, D1≤32mm.

[0021] And / or, the distance from the intersection of the center axis of the second mounting hole and the bottom surface of the cylinder head body to the first center line is D2, and D2 satisfies: D2≥26mm, D2≤32mm.

[0022] In the technical scheme, by making D1≥26mm and D1≤32mm, when the cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the first mounting hole, the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor can be more accurate, and the temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor can be prevented from being too high to cause early combustion of hydrogen; similarly, by making D2≥26mm and D2≤32mm, when the cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the second mounting hole, the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor can be more accurate, and the temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor can be prevented from being too high to cause early combustion of hydrogen.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, a piston is arranged in the combustion chamber, the piston moves linearly along the height direction of the cylinder, and the piston is located below the cylinder head body; when the piston moves to the top dead center, the distance from the intersection A1 of the center axis of the first mounting hole and the first center line to the top of the piston is H1, and H1 satisfies: H1≥11mm, H1≤15mm.

[0024] And / or, the distance from the intersection A2 of the center axis of the second mounting hole and the first center line to the top of the piston is H2; H2 satisfies: H2≥46mm, H2≤50mm.

[0025] In the technical scheme, at the same time, the movement states of the pistons in different combustion chambers are different, but the entire movement processes of the pistons in different combustion chambers are the same. By making the distances from the intersections of the center axes of the two cylinder pressure sensors and the first center line to the corresponding piston tops different, the cylinder pressure sensors in the engine can detect the combustion results of the corresponding hydrogen at different times.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, a first plane is defined, and the center axes of the two cylinder pressure sensors are located on the first plane, respectively.

[0027] The combustion chamber is communicated with an air inlet and an exhaust outlet, and the air inlet and the exhaust outlet are arranged on the two sides of the first plane, respectively.

[0028] In the technical solution, the air inlet and the exhaust outlet are arranged on the two sides of the first plane, respectively, so as to avoid the influence of the cylinder pressure sensor on the operation of the intake valve in the air inlet and the exhaust valve in the exhaust outlet.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the engine further comprises a hydrogen injector and a spark plug, and the hydrogen injector and the spark plug are installed on the cylinder head body, respectively. The distance from the hydrogen injector to the first plane is c1, and the distance from the spark plug to the first plane is c2. The difference between c2 and c1 is less than or equal to 0.4 mm.

[0030] In the technical solution, the distances from the spark plug and the hydrogen injector to the first plane are similar and small, so that the distances from the center of the spark plug and the center of the hydrogen injector to the center of the cylinder pressure sensor are similar and small, thereby enabling the cylinder pressure sensor to be integrated on the spark plug. In order to reduce the pre-ignition, a cold-type special spark plug is adopted, and in order to achieve the precise effect of the spark plug integrated with the sensor, the present solution is adopted.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the cylinder body comprises a plurality of cylinders, the cylinder head body comprises a plurality of cylinder heads, the plurality of cylinder heads are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of cylinders, the cylinder head and the corresponding cylinder jointly define the combustion chamber, and the two cylinder pressure sensors are installed on different cylinder heads, respectively, and are arranged on the same straight line along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head.

[0032] In the technical solution, the two cylinder pressure sensors are arranged on the same straight line along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head, so that the arrangement positions of the two cylinder pressure sensors on the corresponding cylinder head are as same as possible, and the two cylinder pressure sensors take the detection angle as a variable, thereby increasing the consistency of the detection of the two cylinder pressure sensors.

[0033] The present application also provides a vehicle comprising the engine described above.

[0034] In the technical solution, the vehicle comprises the engine described above, so that during the operation of the vehicle, the cylinder pressure sensors with two detection angles are arranged in different combustion chambers for detection, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results of the cylinder pressure sensors on the hydrogen combustion in the combustion chamber, preventing or timely responding to the problem of hydrogen pre-ignition, ensuring the reliability and stability of the engine, and further ensuring the stability, reliability and safety of the vehicle.

[0035] From the above technical solution, additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood by the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a partial structural schematic view of an engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a sectional view in A-A direction of the above engine;

[0038] Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of a first cylinder and a second cylinder in an engine according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] In the above figures: 1, cylinder head; 2, spark plug; 3, hydrogen injector; 4, intake port; 5, exhaust port; 6, piston;

[0040] 101, second center line; 102, second plane; 103, mounting hole; 104, first center line; 105, cylinder head combustion chamber;

[0041] 110, cylinder head bottom surface; 1051, first cylinder head combustion chamber; 1052, second cylinder head combustion chamber;

[0042] 1031, first mounting hole; 1032, second mounting hole;

[0043] 61, first piston; 62, second piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection", "fixed", and the like should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrated; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection or communication with each other; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature. The first and second features can be in direct contact, or the first and second features can be in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0047] In this application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0048] In the following, the application will be specifically described by exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that the elements, structures and features in one embodiment can also be beneficially combined into other embodiments without further description.

[0049] In the following, the embodiments of the application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The engine comprises a cylinder block, a cylinder head and a cylinder pressure sensor; the cylinder block is internally defined to form a plurality of through cavities arranged along the height direction thereof; the cylinder head is arranged at the top of the cylinder block, and the cylinder head and the cylinder block jointly define a plurality of combustion chambers arranged independently of each other; the cylinder pressure sensor is mounted on the cylinder head, and is used to detect the gas pressure in the combustion chamber.

[0051] The cylinder pressure sensor can indirectly detect the combustion in the combustion chamber.

[0052] As shown in Figure 1 The engine further comprises a hydrogen injector 3 and a spark plug 2, which are respectively installed on the cylinder head body. The hydrogen injector 3 is used to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber, and the spark plug 2 is used to ignite the mixture in the combustion chamber.

[0053] It should be noted that each combustion chamber usually has a corresponding hydrogen injector 3 and a spark plug 2, so that the combustion in different combustion chambers is independent. This is a common technical knowledge in the field and will not be described in detail.

[0054] In some embodiments, the cylinder pressure sensor can be integrated on the spark plug 2.

[0055] In some embodiments, the spark plug 2 adopts a cold type special spark plug to avoid early combustion of hydrogen due to high temperature of the spark plug 2, thereby reducing the frequency of early combustion of hydrogen.

[0056] The cylinder body comprises a plurality of cylinders; the plurality of cylinders work independently of each other; the cylinder head body comprises a plurality of cylinder heads 1, which are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of cylinders; each cylinder is provided with a piston 6, which reciprocates linearly along the height direction of the cylinder; the piston 6 is located below the corresponding cylinder head 1, and the inner wall of the cylinder, the top surface of the corresponding piston 6, and the corresponding cylinder head 1 jointly define a combustion chamber.

[0057] It should be noted that the arrangement direction of the cylinder head 1, the arrangement direction of the cylinder, and the arrangement direction of the combustion chamber are the same.

[0058] It should also be noted that the plurality of cylinders are usually integrally formed, and the plurality of cylinder heads 1 are usually integrally formed.

[0059] As shown in Figure 2 The cylinder head 1 defines a cylinder head combustion chamber 105, which is part of the combustion chamber and is in communication with the combustion chamber; the hydrogen combustion in the combustion chamber detected by the cylinder pressure sensor also includes the hydrogen combustion in the cylinder head combustion chamber 105.

[0060] As shown in Figure 1 The cylinder head 1 is provided with an intake passage 4 and an exhaust passage 5, which are respectively in communication with the combustion chamber. The intake passage 4 is used to introduce fresh air from the outside into the combustion chamber, and the exhaust passage 5 is used to discharge high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas generated by combustion.

[0061] The hydrogen gas sprayed by the hydrogen sprayer 3 mixes with the air entering the combustion chamber through the air inlet 4 to form hydrogen-air mixture in the combustion chamber; the spark plug 2 ignites the mixture to make the hydrogen gas burn in the combustion chamber; the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the burning is discharged from the combustion chamber through the exhaust outlet 5.

[0062] The air inlet 4 is provided with an air inlet valve for controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet 4; the exhaust outlet 5 is provided with an exhaust valve for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust outlet 5.

[0063] The cylinder pressure sensor is arranged between the air inlet 4 and the exhaust outlet 5 to avoid affecting the working of the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve.

[0064] As shown in Figure 2 , the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 is defined with a first center line 104 along the height direction of the cylinder; in this embodiment, the height direction of the cylinder is arranged along the vertical direction, so in this embodiment, the first center line 104 is arranged along the vertical direction.

[0065] The center axis of the cylinder pressure sensor and the first center line 104 define an included angle α', which is also considered as the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor; both too large and too small detection angles of the cylinder pressure sensor will affect the accuracy of the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, the included angle α' satisfies the relationship: α'≥28°, α'≤50°, so that the accuracy of the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor is higher.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1 , the cylinder head 1 is provided with a mounting hole 103, the cylinder pressure sensor is mounted in the mounting hole 103, and the mounting hole 103 is in communication with the cylinder head combustion chamber 105, so that the probe of the cylinder pressure sensor extends into the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 to detect the gas pressure in the cylinder head combustion chamber 105.

[0068] As shown in Figure 2 , the center axis of the mounting hole 103 and the first center line 104 define an included angle α, which satisfies the relationship: α≥28°, α≤50°, so that the cylinder pressure sensor has a suitable detection angle when it is mounted in the mounting hole 103, thereby making the accuracy of the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor higher. It should be noted that the included angle α can also be considered as the setting angle of the mounting hole 103.

[0069] The top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 is usually the area of ​​intense combustion. The temperature of the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 is relatively high and the temperature distribution is uneven. If the cylinder pressure sensor is too close to the top area of ​​the cylinder head combustion chamber 105, it is easy to cause the temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor to be too high, which in turn causes hydrogen pre-ignition. However, if the cylinder pressure sensor is too far from the top area of ​​the cylinder head combustion chamber 105, it is easy to cause the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor to be inaccurate.

[0070] Based on this, the position of the mounting hole 103 is designed in a reasonable way in this application to limit the installation position of the cylinder pressure sensor on the cylinder head 1. In this way, while ensuring the accuracy of the detection results of the cylinder pressure sensor on the hydrogen combustion, the overheating of the cylinder pressure sensor can be avoided to prevent premature combustion of hydrogen.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the distance D from the intersection of the central axis of the mounting hole 103 and the bottom surface 110 of the cylinder head to the first center line 104 satisfies: D≥26mm, D≤32mm.

[0072] If D < 26mm, the cylinder pressure sensor is closer to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 when installed in the mounting hole 103. Since the temperature of the top area of ​​the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 is high, the temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor may also be high, affecting hydrogen combustion. If D > 32mm, the cylinder pressure sensor is farther from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 when installed in the mounting hole 103. Since the top area of ​​the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 is the area of ​​intense hydrogen combustion, the accuracy of the cylinder pressure sensor's detection result is low.

[0073] By ensuring that the distance D from the intersection of the central axis of the mounting hole 103 and the bottom surface 110 of the cylinder head to the first centerline 104 satisfies: D≥26mm, D≤32mm, this avoids the cylinder pressure sensor being too close to the top area of ​​the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 when installed in the mounting hole 103, which would cause the cylinder pressure sensor temperature to be too high and lead to pre-ignition of hydrogen. At the same time, it also avoids the cylinder pressure sensor being too far from the top area of ​​the cylinder head combustion chamber 105, which would cause the cylinder pressure sensor detection results to be inaccurate.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the central axis of the mounting hole 103 is defined by forming an angle α with the first center line 104, and the angle α satisfies the following relationship: α≥28°, α≤50°; the distance D from the intersection of the central axis of the mounting hole 103 and the bottom surface 110 of the cylinder head to the first center line 104 satisfies: D≥26mm, D≤32mm, so that the accuracy of the cylinder pressure sensor detection result is high, while avoiding the premature combustion of hydrogen caused by the cylinder pressure sensor overheating.

[0075] In order to make the cylinder pressure sensor can more accurate detection of hydrogen combustion, in this application, by setting at least two cylinder pressure sensor, and two cylinder pressure sensor is respectively set in different combustion chamber, and the detection angle of two cylinder pressure sensor is different, in order to more accurate detection of hydrogen combustion.

[0076] In order to facilitate the description, two cylinder pressure sensor is called first cylinder pressure sensor and second cylinder pressure sensor, first cylinder pressure sensor and second cylinder pressure sensor are respectively installed on different cylinder head 1.

[0077] In some embodiments of the application, by setting first cylinder pressure sensor and second cylinder pressure sensor, and first cylinder pressure sensor and second cylinder pressure sensor with different detection angle to detect the pressure in different combustion chamber, to more accurate detection of hydrogen combustion in the combustion chamber, so as to increase the accuracy of hydrogen combustion detection results.

[0078] Because the detection data obtained by the cylinder pressure sensor at different positions in the combustion chamber is different, in this application, the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor are arranged on the same straight line along the arrangement direction of the combustion chamber, so that the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor detect the same position of the corresponding combustion chamber, and the consistency of the detection position of the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor is guaranteed, so that the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor can be detected as much as possible only with the detection angle as the variable, thereby increasing the consistency of the detection of the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor.

[0079] The first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor are arranged in different combustion chambers, so the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor are respectively installed on different cylinder heads 1, and the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor are arranged on the same straight line along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head 1, so that the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor have the same or similar installation position corresponding to the cylinder head 1, thereby guaranteeing the consistency of the detection position of the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor.

[0080] The first plane is defined, and the center axis of the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor is located on the first plane; the intake port 4 and the exhaust port 5 are arranged on the two sides of the first plane, so as to avoid the influence of the first cylinder pressure sensor or the second cylinder pressure sensor on the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the corresponding cylinder head combustion chamber 105.

[0081] The hydrogen injector 3 and the spark plug 2 are arranged on the two sides of the first plane, and the air inlet 4 and the air outlet 5 are also arranged on the two sides of the first plane. The hydrogen injector 3 and the air inlet 4 are arranged on the same side of the first plane, so that the hydrogen gas is preliminarily mixed with the air in a relatively low temperature area, thereby avoiding early combustion of the hydrogen gas caused by early heating of the hydrogen gas and avoiding early combustion of the hydrogen gas caused by high temperature of the hydrogen injector 3. The spark plug 2 and the air outlet 5 are arranged on the same side, so that the spark plug 2 is arranged on the air outlet side with high temperature, thereby reducing early combustion of the hydrogen gas caused by high temperature around the spark plug 2.

[0082] The distance from the hydrogen injector 3 to the first plane is c1, the distance from the spark plug 2 to the first plane is c2, and the difference between c2 and c1 is less than or equal to 0.4 mm. The distance from the center of the spark plug 2 to the center of the cylinder pressure sensor is substantially equal to the distance from the center of the hydrogen injector 3 to the center of the cylinder pressure sensor, and the distance from the center of the spark plug 2 and the center of the hydrogen injector 3 to the center of the cylinder pressure sensor is small, so that the application achieves the precise effect of the spark plug 2 integrated with the sensor, and the cylinder pressure sensor can be integrated on the spark plug 2.

[0083] As shown in Figure 1 The cylinder head combustion chamber 105 is defined with a second center line 101 perpendicular to the first plane, and a reference plane perpendicular to the first plane, and the second center line 101 is located on the reference plane. The center of the spark plug 2 and the center of the hydrogen injector 3 are located on the reference plane, so that the kinetic energy on both sides of the spark plug 2 is uniform, thereby making the flow field in the cylinder head combustion chamber 105 uniform.

[0084] Increasing the turbulent kinetic energy in the combustion chamber accelerates combustion, which is a catalyst for ensuring normal combustion. The hydrogen injection process of the hydrogen injector 3 and the gasification process of the hydrogen gas itself increase the flow field in the cylinder head combustion chamber 105. The hydrogen gas injected by the hydrogen injector 3 can be gasified and flow in the cylinder head combustion chamber 105, thereby increasing the turbulent kinetic energy on both sides of the spark plug 2.

[0085] Since the cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the mounting hole 103, the setting angle of the mounting hole 103 will affect the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor. The same cylinder pressure sensor has different detection angles when installed in different setting angles of the mounting hole 103.

[0086] In some embodiments, the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor are usually the same type of cylinder pressure sensor. By making the setting angles of the mounting hole for installing the first cylinder pressure sensor and the mounting hole for installing the second cylinder pressure sensor different, the detection angles of the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor are different.

[0087] For convenience of description, the mounting hole for installing the first cylinder pressure sensor is referred to as the first mounting hole 1031, and the mounting hole for installing the second cylinder pressure sensor is referred to as the second mounting hole 1032.

[0088] Since the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor are respectively located on different cylinder heads 1, the first mounting hole 1031 and the second mounting hole 1032 are also respectively located on different cylinder heads 1.

[0089] like Figure 3 As shown, the cylinder head 1 is provided with a first mounting hole 1031 or a second mounting hole 1032. The first mounting hole 1031 and the second mounting hole 1032 are respectively connected to the cylinder head combustion chamber 105. The first cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the first mounting hole 1031 and the second cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the second mounting hole 1032. The central axis of the first mounting hole 1031 forms an angle α1 with the height direction of the cylinder, and the central axis of the second mounting hole 1032 forms an angle α2 with the height direction of the cylinder. The angle α2 is different from the angle α1.

[0090] Wherein, included angle α1 is the setting angle of the first mounting hole 1031, and included angle α2 is the setting angle of the second mounting hole 1032. By making the included angle α2 different from the included angle α1, the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor when it is installed in the first mounting hole 1031 is different from the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor when it is installed in the second mounting hole 1032.

[0091] The included angle α1 satisfies: 28°≤α1≤50°, so that the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor when installed in the first mounting hole 1031 has high detection accuracy.

[0092] The included angle α2 satisfies: 28°≤α2≤50°, so that the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor when installed in the second mounting hole 1032 has high detection accuracy.

[0093] In some embodiments, the included angles α1 and α2 satisfy the relationship: α2≤α1, so that the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor installed in the first mounting hole 1031 is greater than or equal to the detection angle of the cylinder pressure sensor installed in the second mounting hole 1032.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, the first mounting hole 1031 and the second mounting hole 1032 are respectively provided on different cylinder heads 1, and the setting angle of the first mounting hole 1031 is different from that of the second mounting hole 1032, so that the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor can detect in different combustion chambers at different detection angles, thereby increasing the accuracy of the hydrogen combustion detection results.

[0095] like Figure 1As shown, a second plane 102 is defined, and the center axis of the first mounting hole 1031 and the center axis of the second mounting hole 1032 are located on the second plane 102; the intake passage 4 and the exhaust passage 5 are correspondingly arranged on the two sides of the second plane 102 to avoid the influence of the cylinder pressure sensor on the operation of the intake valve and the exhaust valve.

[0096] The distance from the hydrogen injector 3 to the second plane 102 is C1, and the distance from the spark plug 2 to the second plane 102 is C2, and the difference between C2 and C1 is less than or equal to 0.4 mm, so that the distance from the center of the spark plug 2 to the center of the cylinder pressure sensor is substantially equal to the distance from the center of the hydrogen injector 3 to the center of the cylinder pressure sensor, and the distance from the center of the spark plug 2 and the center of the hydrogen injector 3 to the center of the cylinder pressure sensor is small, so that the present application achieves the precise effect of the form of the spark plug 2 integrated with the sensor, and the cylinder pressure sensor can be integrated on the spark plug 2.

[0097] It should be noted that when the first cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the first mounting hole 1031 and the second cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the second mounting hole 1032, the second plane 102 coincides with the first plane.

[0098] The distance from the intersection of the center axis of the first mounting hole 1031 and the bottom surface 110 of the cylinder head to the first center line 104 is D1, and D1 satisfies: D1≥26mm, D1≤32mm.

[0099] If D1<26mm, when the cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the first mounting hole 1031, the distance from the cylinder pressure sensor to the top of the combustion chamber of the cylinder head is relatively close, and the temperature of the top region of the combustion chamber of the cylinder head is relatively high, so the temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor may also be relatively high, which may affect the hydrogen combustion; if D1>32mm, when the cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the first mounting hole 1031, the distance from the cylinder pressure sensor to the top of the combustion chamber of the cylinder head is relatively far, and since the top region of the combustion chamber of the cylinder head is a region where hydrogen burns violently, the accuracy of the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor is relatively low.

[0100] By making the distance from the intersection of the center axis of the first mounting hole 1031 and the bottom surface 110 of the cylinder head to the first center line 104 greater than or equal to 26mm and less than or equal to 32mm, the position of the first cylinder pressure sensor on the cylinder head 1 is limited, which can ensure the accuracy of the detection result of the first cylinder pressure sensor while avoiding the temperature of the first cylinder pressure sensor being too high, thereby avoiding the early combustion of hydrogen caused by the temperature of the first cylinder pressure sensor being too high.

[0101] The distance from the intersection of the center axis of the second mounting hole 1032 and the bottom surface 110 of the cylinder head to the first center line 104 is D2, and D2 satisfies: D2≥26mm, D2≤32mm.

[0102] If D2<26mm, when the cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the second mounting hole 1032, the distance between the cylinder pressure sensor and the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber is short, and the temperature of the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber is high, so the temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor may also be high, which affects the hydrogen combustion; if D2>32mm, when the cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the second mounting hole 1032, the distance between the cylinder pressure sensor and the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber is far, and since the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber is a region of intense hydrogen combustion, the accuracy of the detection result of the cylinder pressure sensor is low.

[0103] By making the distance from the intersection of the center axis of the second mounting hole 1032 and the bottom surface 110 of the cylinder head 1 to the first center line 104 greater than or equal to 26mm and less than or equal to 32mm, the position of the second cylinder pressure sensor on the cylinder head 1 is limited, which can ensure the accuracy of the detection result of the second cylinder pressure sensor while avoiding the temperature of the second cylinder pressure sensor being too high, thereby avoiding the early combustion of hydrogen caused by the temperature of the second cylinder pressure sensor being too high.

[0104] It should be noted that D1 and D2 satisfy the relationship D1≤D2, so that the distance from the first mounting hole 1031 to the first center line 104 is less than or equal to the distance from the second mounting hole 1032 to the first center line 104.

[0105] At the same time, the movement states of the pistons 6 in different combustion chambers are different, but for the entire movement process of the pistons, the entire movement processes of the pistons 6 in different combustion chambers are the same.

[0106] When the piston 6 moves to the top dead center, the distance from the intersection A of the center axis of the first mounting hole 1031 and the first center line 104 to the top of the piston 6 is H1, which satisfies H1≥11mm and H1≤15mm; the distance from the intersection B of the center axis of the second mounting hole 1032 and the first center line 104 to the top of the piston 6 is H2, which satisfies H2≥46mm and H2≤50mm.

[0107] By making the distance H1 from the intersection A of the center axis of the first mounting hole 1031 and the first center line 104 to the top of the piston 6 satisfy H1≥11mm and H1≤15mm when the piston 6 moves to the top dead center, and making the distance H2 from the intersection B of the center axis of the second mounting hole 1032 and the first center line 104 to the top of the piston 6 satisfy H2≥46mm and H2≤50mm when the piston 6 moves to the top dead center, the positions of the first mounting hole 1031 and the second mounting hole 1032 are limited, thereby limiting the positions of the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor, and thus the data of the hydrogen combustion at different times when the piston 6 moves is obtained.

[0108] It should be noted that at the same time, the piston 6 moves differently in different combustion chambers, resulting in different combustion conditions in each chamber. However, for the overall combustion of hydrogen, the combustion conditions in each combustion chamber are generally the same. Therefore, the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor are positioned in different combustion chambers at different detection angles, which can be considered as the cylinder pressure sensors detecting the combustion of hydrogen under the same conditions at different detection angles.

[0109] In the existing technology, engines are usually classified as three-cylinder engines, four-cylinder engines, six-cylinder engines, etc. Among them, a three-cylinder engine includes three cylinders, a four-cylinder engine includes four cylinders, a six-cylinder engine includes six cylinders, and so on. The number of cylinders is the same as the number of combustion chambers.

[0110] In some four-cylinder air engines, the four cylinders are arranged in a straight line, and the corresponding four cylinder heads 1 are also arranged in a straight line. It is generally believed that the arrangement direction of the cylinder heads 1 is the front-to-back direction of the cylinder heads 1.

[0111] The above engine will be described below using a four-cylinder engine as an example.

[0112] The four cylinders are arranged in a straight line. For ease of description, the four cylinders are referred to as: cylinder one, cylinder two, cylinder three, and cylinder four. The four cylinder heads 1 are referred to as: cylinder head one, cylinder head two, cylinder head three, and cylinder head four. The four pistons 6 are referred to as: piston one 61, piston two 62, piston three, and piston four. The four cylinder pressure sensors are referred to as: cylinder pressure sensor one, cylinder pressure sensor two, cylinder pressure sensor three, and cylinder pressure sensor four. The four cylinder head combustion chambers 105 are referred to as: cylinder head combustion chamber one 1051, cylinder head combustion chamber two 1052, cylinder head combustion chamber three, and cylinder head combustion chamber four. Cylinder head one is provided with a first mounting hole 1031, and cylinder heads two, three, and four are respectively provided with second mounting holes 1032.

[0113] like Figure 3 As shown, the detection angle of the first cylinder pressure sensor is the first angle, and the detection angles of the second, third, and fourth cylinder pressure sensors are the second angles.

[0114] It should be noted that since the second, third, and fourth cylinder pressure sensors have the same detection angle, only the setting of the second cylinder pressure sensor on the second cylinder head will be described in detail here, and the setting of the third and fourth cylinder pressure sensors will not be described in detail.

[0115] The center axis of the first mounting hole 1031 and the first center line 104 define an included angle a1, so that the detection angle of the first cylinder pressure sensor is a1, and the center axis of the second mounting hole 1032 and the first center line 104 define an included angle a2, so that the detection angle of the second cylinder pressure sensor is a2, and a1 and a2 satisfy the relationship: 28°≤a2≤a1≤50°.

[0116] The distance from the intersection of the center axis of the first mounting hole 1031 and the first cylinder head bottom surface to the first center line 104 of the first cylinder head combustion chamber 1051 is D1, and the distance from the intersection of the center axis of the second mounting hole 1032 and the second cylinder head bottom surface to the first center line 104 of the second cylinder head combustion chamber 1052 is D2, and 26mm≤D1≤D2≤32mm, so as to avoid the influence of the two cylinder pressure sensors on the combustion of the combustion chamber due to overheating, and at the same time, the system can accurately obtain the combustion data of the combustion chamber.

[0117] At the same time, the motion states of the first piston 61 and the second piston 62 are different, but the entire motion process of the first piston 61 and the entire motion process of the second piston 62 are the same, that is, it can be considered that the A motion state of the first piston 61 at T1 is the same as the B motion state of the second piston 62 at T2, and the C motion state of the second piston 62 at T1 is the same as the D motion state of the first piston 61 at T3, at T1, the first cylinder pressure sensor detects the hydrogen combustion of the first piston 61 in the A state, and the second cylinder pressure sensor detects the hydrogen combustion of the second piston 62 in the C state. If the motion state of the piston 6 is replaced equivalently, it can be considered that at T1, the first cylinder pressure sensor detects the hydrogen combustion of the first piston 61 in the A state, and the second cylinder pressure sensor detects the hydrogen combustion of the first piston 61 in the D state at T3.

[0118] By moving the first piston 61 to the top dead center, the distance H1 from the intersection A1 of the center axis of the first mounting hole 1031 and the first center line 104 to the top of the piston 6 satisfies: H1≥11mm, H1≤15mm; when the second piston 62 moves to the top dead center, the distance H2 from the intersection A2 of the center axis of the second mounting hole 1032 and the first center line 104 to the top of the piston 6 satisfies: H2≥46mm, H2≤50mm, so that the detection results of the first cylinder pressure sensor and the second cylinder pressure sensor at the same time are different, so that the data of the hydrogen combustion of the piston 6 running at different times can be obtained, and the research on the combustion characteristics of hydrogen corresponding to different combustion times can be realized.

[0119] Based on the above-mentioned engine, the application also provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned engine.

[0120] By making the vehicle include the above engine, at least two cylinder pressure sensors with different detection angles are arranged in different combustion chambers to detect the hydrogen combustion in the combustion chambers, so that the hydrogen combustion can be more accurately and comprehensively detected, the engine can effectively prevent or timely respond to the hydrogen pre-ignition problem, and the reliability and stability of the engine can be ensured, and the stability, reliability and safety of the vehicle can be ensured.

[0121] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0122] 1. By arranging two cylinder pressure sensors with different detection angles in different combustion chambers, the accuracy of hydrogen combustion detection can be improved.

[0123] 2. By defining an included angle α between the center axis of the mounting hole 103 and the first center line 104, the included angle α satisfies the relationship: α≥28°, α≤50°; and the distance D from the intersection of the center axis of the mounting hole 103 and the bottom surface 110 of the cylinder head to the first center line 104 satisfies: D≥26mm, D≤32mm, the accuracy of the cylinder pressure sensor detection result is high, and the temperature of the cylinder pressure sensor is also prevented from being too high to cause hydrogen pre-ignition.

[0124] 3. By arranging the first mounting hole 1031 or the second mounting hole 1032 in the cylinder head 1, the first mounting hole 1031 and the second mounting hole 1032 are respectively communicated with different cylinder head combustion chambers 105, and the arrangement angle of the first mounting hole 1031 is different from that of the second mounting hole 1032, so that the cylinder pressure sensor mounted in the first mounting hole 1031 and the cylinder pressure sensor mounted in the second mounting hole 1032 can detect different cylinder head combustion chambers 105 with different detection angles, thereby improving the accuracy of the hydrogen combustion detection result.

[0125] 4. The combustion data of hydrogen at different times can be obtained, so that the hydrogen combustion can be more accurately and comprehensively analyzed.

[0126] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An engine characterized by, include: Cylinder block; Cylinder head body, which is disposed on the top of the cylinder body; The cylinder head and the cylinder block together define a plurality of combustion chambers; The multiple combustion chambers are arranged independently of each other; A cylinder pressure sensor is installed on the cylinder head to detect the gas pressure in the combustion chamber; at least two cylinder pressure sensors are provided, the two cylinder pressure sensors are located in different combustion chambers, and the two cylinder pressure sensors have different detection angles.

2. The engine of claim 1, wherein The two cylinder pressure sensors are arranged on the same straight line along the arrangement direction of the combustion chamber.

3. The engine of claim 1, wherein The cylinder head body is provided with a first mounting hole (1031) or a second mounting hole (1032), the first mounting hole (1031) and the second mounting hole (1032) are respectively connected to the combustion chamber; the cylinder pressure sensor is installed in the first mounting hole (1031) or the second mounting hole (1032); the central axis of the first mounting hole (1031) forms an angle α1 with the height direction of the cylinder body, and the central axis of the second mounting hole (1032) forms an angle α2 with the height direction of the cylinder body, the angle α2 is different from the angle α1.

4. The engine of claim 3, wherein The included angle α1 and the included angle α2 satisfy the following relationship: α1≥α2; And / or, 28°≤α1≤50°; And / or, 28°≤α2≤50°.

5. The engine of claim 3, wherein The combustion chamber is defined by a first center line (104) along the height direction of the cylinder block. The distance from the intersection of the central axis of the first mounting hole (1031) and the bottom surface of the cylinder head to the first center line (104) is D1, and D1 satisfies: D1≥26mm, D1≤32mm. And / or, the distance from the intersection of the central axis of the second mounting hole (1032) and the bottom surface of the cylinder head body to the first center line (104) is D2, wherein D2 satisfies: D2≥26mm, D2≤32mm.

6. The engine of claim 5, wherein The combustion chamber is provided with a piston (6), which reciprocates linearly along the height direction of the cylinder. The piston (6) is located below the cylinder head. When the piston (6) moves to the top dead center, the distance from the intersection point A1 of the central axis of the first mounting hole (1031) and the first center line (104) to the top of the piston (6) is H1. H1 satisfies: H1≥11mm, H1≤15mm. And / or, the distance from the intersection point A2 of the central axis of the second mounting hole (1032) and the first center line (104) to the top of the piston (6) is H2; the distance H2 satisfies: H2≥46mm, H2≤50mm.

7. The engine of claim 1, wherein A first plane is defined, and the central axes of the two cylinder pressure sensors are respectively located on the first plane; The combustion chamber is connected to an intake duct (4) and an exhaust duct (5), which are respectively located on both sides of the first plane.

8. The engine of claim 7, wherein The engine further comprises a hydrogen injector (3) and a spark plug (2), the hydrogen injector (3) and the spark plug (2) are respectively installed on the cylinder head body, the distance from the hydrogen injector (3) to the first plane is c1, the distance from the spark plug (2) to the first plane is c2, the difference between c2 and c1 is less than or equal to 0.4mm.

9. The engine of claim 1, wherein The cylinder body comprises a plurality of cylinders; the cylinder head body comprises a plurality of cylinder heads (1), a plurality of the cylinder heads (1) are arranged one by one corresponding to a plurality of the cylinders; the cylinder head (1) and the corresponding cylinder jointly define the combustion chamber; two cylinder pressure sensors are respectively installed on different cylinder heads (1), and the two cylinder pressure sensors are arranged on the same straight line along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head (1).

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: An engine comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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