Hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell experiment teaching device
By employing a closed-chamber design and graphene-coated stainless steel mesh electrodes in the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell experimental device, the problems of low catalytic efficiency and low energy conversion rate were solved, achieving efficient electrolysis of H2/O2 and electrical energy conversion, thus improving the scientific rigor and efficiency of the experiment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422569231.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing experimental teaching devices for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells suffer from low catalytic efficiency and low energy conversion efficiency. The open system of the U-shaped tube leads to the escape of H2/O2, the graphite rod has weak adsorption and catalytic capacity, the electrode spacing is large and the contact area is small, resulting in high internal resistance and low energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the activation treatment results of the graphite rod are inconsistent, making it difficult to guarantee scientific validity.
The device employs a four-chamber design within a square container, using sealed chambers to electrolyze H2/O2 and is isolated by a semi-permeable membrane. The electrodes are made of graphene-coated stainless steel mesh. 3D printing technology is used to manufacture the sealing caps and chambers to ensure airtightness and precision. The electrodes have a nanoscale corrugated structure to improve catalytic efficiency and electrode area.
This method achieves efficient electrolysis of H2/O2 while maintaining its purity, improves catalytic efficiency and electrical energy conversion rate, and ensures the scientific rigor and reliability of the experiment.
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Figure CN223582592U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to experimental teaching equipment technical field especially a hydrogen oxygen fuel cell experimental teaching device. BACKGROUND
[0002] The existing teaching material experimental device, reference Figure 1 The U-shaped tube is installed with solution, two ports of the U-shaped tube are put into graphite rods respectively, the graphite rod is connected with solution, the other end of the graphite rod is connected with the wire and carries out experiment, has the following several shortcomings:
[0003] (1) source level: the open system of U-shaped tube leads to the large escape of H2 / O2 generated by electrolysis, and the effective supply rate is low, so the chemical energy provided is less;
[0004] (2) process level: the adsorption and catalytic dissociation ability of graphite rod to H2 / O2 is weak, and the catalytic rate is low, so the electric energy provided is less;
[0005] (3) result level: the electrode spacing is large (after the graphite rod is put into the U-shaped tube commonly used in laboratory, the positive and negative electrode spacing is 5cm), and the contact area is small (only connected by the electrolyte in the bottom pipeline of the U-shaped tube), leading to large internal resistance and low energy conversion rate, so the electric energy converted is less;
[0006] (4) graphite is not an absolute inert electrode, and there are residual "valence" and "hanging bond" on its surface, which can chemically adsorb oxygen in the air, leading to the existence of surface functional groups such as hydroxyl, ketone, quinone and peroxide, and these functional groups can participate in electrochemical reaction; and graphite is a layered structure, and substances in the electrolyte can be embedded in the interlayer space during electrolysis, changing the charge and discharge performance. SUMMARY
[0007] The utility model provides a kind of hydrogen oxygen fuel cell experimental teaching device to solve the problem of low catalytic rate and low energy conversion rate of existing experimental teaching device.
[0008] In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of hydrogen oxygen fuel cell experimental teaching device, including square container, the inside of square container is provided with 4 chambers by partition, 4 chambers are specifically: two side-by-side closed cavity one, closed cavity two, two side-by-side open cavity one, open cavity two;Connection hole is set on the partition one between closed cavity one and open cavity one, connection hole is also set on the partition two between closed cavity two and open cavity two, rectangular cavity is set on the connecting plate between closed cavity one and closed cavity two, half-permeable membrane is fixed outside rectangular cavity, the sealing cover is installed on closed cavity one and closed cavity two, and electrode is installed on the sealing cover;
[0009] The upper part of the electrode is connected with an elastic copper clamp, the top of the elastic copper clamp is fixed on the lower end of the conductive copper column through a bolt, the conductive copper column penetrates and is fixed on the sealing cover, and a sealing ring is arranged around the sealing cover.
[0010] Further, the electrode is a stainless steel mesh electrode coated with graphene, and the stainless steel mesh electrode is provided with nano-scale ripples.
[0011] Further, the bottom of the first and second partitions is respectively provided with a plurality of connecting holes for discharging the solution in the closed cavity.
[0012] Further, the semi-permeable membrane is a DuPont Nafion N117 proton exchange membrane.
[0013] Further, the sealing cover is made of a material with a certain compressive strength, preferably TPU material, and is formed by 3D printing technology, and the sealing property is ensured by interference fit, for example, TPU 95 material.
[0014] Further, the closed cavity one, the closed cavity two, the open cavity one and the open cavity two are integrally formed by 3D printing technology, and have good sealing property and accuracy.
[0015] The chamber has the following advantages: (1) the closed cavity one and the closed cavity two are used for electrolysis, so that H2 / O2 cannot escape, ensuring the amount of H2 / O2; (2) the electrolyte is discharged into the open cavity one and the open cavity two through the plurality of connecting holes by the drainage method, thereby ensuring the purity of H2 / O2; (3) the H2 / O2 generated by the electrolysis of the closed cavity one and the closed cavity two forms a high-pressure system, which reacts to improve the solubility of H2 / O2 and also improves the adsorption efficiency of the graphene electrode to H2 / O2; (4) the chamber is made of 3D printing technology, and the device has good sealing property and accuracy, for example, the rectangular cavity of the closed cavity one and the closed cavity two is adapted to the size of the semi-permeable membrane; (5) the closed cavity one, the closed cavity two, the open cavity one and the open cavity two in the chamber each perform its own function and are relatively independent, avoiding mutual interference.
[0016] The electrode has the following advantages: (1) the nano-scale ripples can efficiently catalyze the dissociation of H2; (2) the mesh structure increases the surface area of the electrode, according to the resistance law R=ρL / S, reduces the resistance of the electrode itself, and greatly improves the adsorption efficiency of the electrode to H2, far superior to the columnar structure of the graphite rod; (3) the stainless steel mesh is common and easy to obtain, not only conductive, but also a good carrier for coating graphene, and also contains Ni, which belongs to platinum series metals and also has a certain catalytic effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 The utility model discloses a hydrogen -oxygen fuel cell device teaching aid.
[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the chamber;
[0019] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the structure of the chamber;
[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the electrode and the sealing cover;
[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the front projection of the electrode, the sealing cover and the chamber after installation;
[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the perspective use structure of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 7 is a reference diagram of the demonstration process of the utility model.
[0024] In the figure: 1. closed chamber one, 2. closed chamber two, 3. open chamber one, 4. open chamber two, 5. partition one, 6. connecting plate, 7. connecting hole, 8. rectangular cavity, 9. sealing cover, 10. conductive copper column, 11. bolt, 12. elastic copper clamp, 13. electrode, 14. sealing ring, 15. direct current power supply, 16. current sensor, 17. voltage sensor, 18. data collector, 19. computer, 20. wire, 21. hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell device teaching aid, 22. graphite rod, 23. U-shaped tube, 24. solution, 25. partition two, 26. semi-permeable membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model.
[0026] Reference Figures 2 to 6 , a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell experimental teaching device, comprising a square container, characterized in that the inside of the square container is provided with four chambers through a partition, and the four chambers are specifically two closed chambers one 1 and two closed chambers two 2, two open chambers one 3 and two open chambers two 4; the partition one 5 between the closed chamber one 1 and the open chamber one 3 is provided with a connecting hole 7, the partition two 25 between the closed chamber two 2 and the open chamber two 4 is also provided with a connecting hole 7, the connecting plate 6 between the closed chamber one 1 and the closed chamber two 2 is provided with a rectangular cavity 8, the outside of the rectangular cavity 8 is fixed with a semi-permeable membrane 26, the closed chamber one 1 and the closed chamber two 2 are provided with a sealing cover 9 through interference installation, and the sealing cover 9 is provided with an electrode 13;
[0027] The upper portion of the electrode 13 is connected with an elastic copper clamp 12, the top of the elastic copper clamp 12 is fixed on the lower end of the conductive copper column 10 through a bolt 11, the conductive copper column 10 penetrates and is fixed on a sealing cover 9, the sealing cover 9 is provided with a sealing ring 14 around, the bolt 11 is specifically a hexagon bolt, and the lower end of the conductive copper column is sequentially provided with a nut, the sealing cover, the nut, the elastic copper clamp and the nut from top to bottom.
[0028] Reference Figure 6 Further, the electrode 13 is a stainless steel mesh electrode coated with graphene, and the stainless steel mesh electrode is provided with nano-level ripples.
[0029] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 Further, the bottom of the partition plate one 5 and the partition plate two 25 is respectively provided with a plurality of connecting holes 7, and the connecting holes 7 are used for discharging the solution in the sealed cavity.
[0030] Further, the semi-permeable membrane 26 adopts a DuPont Nafion N117 proton exchange membrane, and the specific size is 5*5cm.
[0031] Further, the sealing cover 9 adopts a material with a certain compressive strength, preferably TPU material, for example, TPU 95 material, and is specifically formed through 3D printing technology, and the sealing cover 9 is ensured to be airtight through interference fit.
[0032] Further, the sealed cavity one 1, the sealed cavity two 2, the open cavity one 3 and the open cavity two 4 are integrally formed through 3D printing technology, and have good airtightness and accuracy.
[0033] The electrode is self-made, the stainless steel mesh of the electrode is an existing product, and specifically, nano-graphene is coated on the stainless steel mesh, and the stainless steel mesh has nano-level ripples.
[0034] The lower end of the conductive copper column is provided with threads, and is used for mounting and fixing the sealing cover, the elastic copper clamp and the hexagon nut.
[0035] Working principle: the electrolyte is discharged into the open cavity one and the open cavity two through the drainage method, and the specific process is as follows: 1mol / L Na2SO4 solution is added into the sealed cavity one, the sealed cavity two, the open cavity one and the open cavity two, then the electrode coated with graphene is placed in the sealed cavity one and the sealed cavity two and is sealed with a cover plate, then a lead with an alligator clip is used to connect the student power supply (maximum voltage 16V) with the electrode, and electrolysis is carried out under 6V direct current for 1min.
[0036] The H2 / O2 generated in the closed cavity one and the closed cavity two cannot escape, the air pressure increases, a high pressure system is caused, 1 mol / L Na2SO4 solution is discharged into the open cavity one and the open cavity two.
[0037] The complete teaching aid operation process is as follows (reference Figure 7 ):
[0038] (1) Assemble and connect the instrument
[0039] Open the sealed cover 9 with the installed electrode 13, inject 1 mol / L Na2SO4 solution 24, put the electrode 9 into the closed cavity one 1 and the closed cavity two 2 and seal the cover, and connect the lead 20 with an alligator clip to the direct current power supply 15. The LongWill-2A~+2A current sensor 16 and the LongWill-20V~+20V voltage sensor 17 are respectively connected with the I and II interfaces of the LongWill data collector 18, and the data collector 18 is connected with the USB interface of the computer 19.
[0040] (2) Set the current sensor parameters
[0041] Open the DISLab 6.9 software, click the “combined graph 1” button, click the “add” button, a window pops up, input I - t figure in the “name” column, select “time” in the “x axis” column, select “ I ” in the “y axis” column, select “red” in the “graph color” column, select the default “20” in the “sampling frequency” column, then click “zero”, and eliminate the influence of the environmental current.
[0042] (3) Set the voltage sensor parameters
[0043] The steps are the same as (2), but need to click the “combined graph 2” button, and input U - t figure in the “name” column, select “ U ” in the “y axis” column. Click the “layered window” button, and the “combined graph 1 I - t figure” and the “combined graph 2 U - t figure” appear on the same panel, which is convenient for simultaneous observation.
[0044] (4) Electrolyze water
[0045] Turn on the power supply and electrolyze for 1 min under 6V direct current voltage.
[0046] (5) Measure the current / voltage and save I - t ,U - t Fig.
[0047] Disconnect the power, connect the current / voltage sensor with the electrode, click the "start" button on the panel of DISLab 6.9 software, and simultaneously measure the current / voltage data in real time, and make the real-time I - t 、 U - t Fig.
[0048] Through the above description, those skilled in the art can make simple changes and modifications without deviating from the scope of the technical concept of the present application, and all should fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell experimental teaching device, comprising a square container, characterized in that, The interior of the square container is divided into four chambers by partitions. Specifically, the four chambers are: two side-by-side closed chambers 1 and 2, and two side-by-side open chambers 1 and 2. A connection hole is provided on partition 1 between closed chamber 1 and open chamber 1, and a connection hole is also provided on partition 2 between closed chamber 2 and open chamber 2. A rectangular cavity is provided on the connecting plate between closed chamber 1 and open chamber 2. A semi-permeable membrane is fixed to the outside of the rectangular cavity. Sealing caps are interference-fitted onto closed chamber 1 and closed chamber 2, and electrodes are installed on the sealing caps. The upper part of the electrode is connected to an elastic copper clip, the top of which is fixed to the lower end of the conductive copper column by bolts. The conductive copper column passes through and is fixed to the sealing cover, and a sealing ring is provided around the sealing cover.
2. The experimental teaching device for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode is a stainless steel mesh electrode with graphene fixed on it, and the stainless steel mesh electrode has nanoscale ripples.
3. The experimental teaching device for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the first partition and the second partition are respectively provided with multiple connection holes, which are used to discharge the solution in the sealed cavity.
4. The experimental teaching device for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The semipermeable membrane is a DuPont Nafion N117 proton exchange membrane.
5. The experimental teaching device for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing cap is made of TPU material.
6. The experimental teaching device for hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed cavity one, sealed cavity two, open cavity one, and open cavity two are integrally formed using 3D printing technology, which has good sealing performance and precision.