Burner of solid oxide fuel cell system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combustor of a solid oxide fuel cell system in the technical field of combustors. An ignition rod and an ignition rod sleeve are arranged in the middle of the top of a combustion chamber of the combustor; the top of the combustion chamber is further provided with an anode tail gas distribution channel and a cathode tail gas distribution channel, and the anode tail gas distribution channel and the cathode tail gas distribution channel are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the ignition rod sleeve in a surrounding mode. And after passing through the independent distribution channels, the two polar tail gases are uniformly introduced into the combustion chamber in a ring-surface-shaped gas outlet manner. The anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas are evenly input into the combustion chamber in an annular mode, the consistent flow density is kept on the annular face, the two kinds of tail gas are fully mixed in the combustion chamber, the ignition rod is centered for ignition, flame deflection is avoided, local overheating is reduced, and the stable combustion state is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to solid oxide fuel cell field, specifically, it is a kind of burner of solid oxide fuel cell system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system, burner is mainly responsible for maintaining the heat balance of the whole system, to ensure that the temperature regulation requirement in the start-up heating, continuous heat preservation, power production and system cooling various stages is satisfied.As the key component of SOFC system, the burner not only needs to ensure stable and efficient combustion under various working conditions, but also needs to reduce the pressure loss of fluid passage as much as possible, so as to reduce the back pressure on the upstream cell stack and reduce the energy consumption of the system fan.

[0003] To meet the needs of compact layout of SOFC system, the burner generally adopts single-side air inlet, since the gas enters from single side only, the airflow distribution in the combustion chamber is uneven, which can easily lead to flame deviation to one side, causing local temperature to be too high, thereby causing the phenomenon of over-temperature of metal wall surface.In order to solve the above problems, some burners improve the inlet mode of cathode tail gas, first open holes at different positions in the combustion chamber, and then let the cathode tail gas enter the combustion chamber from the holes at different positions.For example, the combustion chamber of the solid oxide fuel cell system disclosed in Chinese patent publication No.CN114188578A is provided with anode tail gas inlet and cathode tail gas inlet on the same side of the combustion chamber casing side wall, and the side wall of the flame tube is provided with a plurality of side wall through holes, the end wall of the flame tube is provided with an end wall through hole, and the top of the flame tube is provided with a swirling cathode tail gas inlet channel, when the cathode tail gas enters from the cathode tail gas inlet, it can enter the flame tube through the side wall through hole, the end wall through hole and the swirling cathode tail gas inlet channel.This structure has extremely limited improvement effect, because most of the 40%-90% of the cathode tail gas enters from the side wall through hole, there is still more cathode tail gas input from the side wall through hole near the cathode tail gas inlet, the airflow distribution is still uneven, and the flame deflection phenomenon still exists.

[0004] The above problems are worth solving. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] In order to overcome the uneven distribution of tail gas in the existing combustion chamber, which leads to the problem of flame deflection, the utility model provides a kind of burner of solid oxide fuel cell system.

[0006] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] The application discloses a burner of a solid oxide fuel cell system, which comprises a combustion chamber, an anode gas inlet pipe and a cathode gas inlet pipe, a ignition rod sleeve is arranged at the central position of the top of the combustion chamber, and an ignition rod is arranged in the ignition rod sleeve; the top of the combustion chamber is further provided with an anode tail gas distribution channel and a cathode tail gas distribution channel, the anode tail gas distribution channel is annularly arranged at the outer periphery of the ignition rod sleeve, the cathode tail gas distribution channel is annularly arranged at the outer periphery of the lower end of the anode tail gas distribution channel, and the side wall of the cathode tail gas distribution channel extends downward to form the side wall of the bottom of the combustion chamber; the anode tail gas distribution channel is communicated with the anode gas inlet pipe and the combustion chamber, and the cathode tail gas distribution channel is communicated with the cathode gas inlet pipe and the combustion chamber; the anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas are uniformly introduced into the combustion chamber in the form of annular surface after passing through the respective independent tail gas distribution channels.

[0008] As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the bottom outer side wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a flame detector.

[0009] As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the anode tail gas distribution channel comprises a first anode tail gas distribution chamber and a second anode tail gas distribution chamber which are sequentially arranged at the outer periphery of the ignition rod sleeve, the side wall of the first anode tail gas distribution chamber is connected with the anode gas inlet pipe, the side wall of the second anode tail gas distribution chamber is provided with a first anode gas inlet hole for communicating the first anode tail gas distribution chamber and the second anode tail gas distribution chamber; the bottom channel of the second anode tail gas distribution chamber extends downward along the ignition rod sleeve and is connected with the combustion chamber.

[0010] As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the bottom channel of the anode tail gas distribution channel and the tail end of the ignition rod sleeve are provided with an anode tail gas nozzle, the anode tail gas nozzle comprises a nozzle sleeve body, the outer periphery surface of the nozzle sleeve body is provided with a plurality of inclined rotational flow vanes; the nozzle sleeve body is integrally formed with the tail end of the ignition rod sleeve, and the joint part of the two forms a nozzle end cover plate, and the nozzle end cover plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of second anode gas inlet holes.

[0011] As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the cathode tail gas distribution channel comprises an outer periphery cathode tail gas distribution channel and an inner periphery cathode tail gas distribution channel, the side wall of the outer periphery cathode tail gas distribution channel is connected with the cathode gas inlet pipe, the top of the inner periphery cathode tail gas distribution channel is opened and communicated with the top of the outer periphery cathode tail gas distribution channel, and the bottom of the inner periphery cathode tail gas distribution channel covers the combustion chamber; the cathode tail gas enters the outer periphery cathode tail gas distribution channel through the cathode gas inlet pipe, flows into the inner periphery cathode tail gas distribution channel from the bottom to the top and from the outside to the inside, and then enters the combustion chamber from the top to the bottom.

[0012] Further, the outer peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel comprises a first cathode tail gas distribution chamber, a second cathode tail gas distribution chamber and a third cathode tail gas distribution chamber distributed from bottom to top, a first orifice plate is arranged between the first cathode tail gas distribution chamber and the second cathode tail gas distribution chamber, the first orifice plate is provided with a plurality of first cathode gas inlets, a second orifice plate is arranged between the second cathode tail gas distribution chamber and the third cathode tail gas distribution chamber, the second orifice plate is provided with a plurality of second cathode gas inlets, and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the second orifice plate and is connected with the third cathode tail gas distribution chamber and the inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel.

[0013] Further, the first cathode gas inlets comprise peripheral cathode gas inlets and inner peripheral cathode gas inlets, the peripheral cathode gas inlets are arranged in a circumferential array at the outer periphery of the first orifice plate, and the inner peripheral cathode gas inlets are arranged in an arc shape on one side of the first orifice plate close to the cathode gas inlet pipe.

[0014] Further, the top wall of the third cathode tail gas distribution chamber is provided with a ring-shaped spoiler in the middle, and the ring-shaped spoiler is used for guiding and dispersing cathode tail gas, so that the cathode tail gas uniformly flows to the inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel.

[0015] Further, the inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel comprises a fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber and a fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber distributed from top to bottom, a third orifice plate is arranged between the fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber and the fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber, the third orifice plate is provided with a plurality of rings of third cathode gas inlets, and a ring-shaped guide plate is arranged between adjacent two rings of third cathode gas inlets, and the ring-shaped guide plate is used for dispersing cathode tail gas and guiding air flow.

[0016] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the combustion chamber is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, which comprises a top connecting plate, a middle inclined chamber wall and a bottom connecting plate, the middle of the top connecting plate is provided with a hole and is connected with the anode tail gas distribution channel, the bottom connecting plate is connected with the cathode tail gas distribution channel, a plurality of fourth cathode gas inlets are arranged on the top connecting plate outside the anode tail gas distribution channel, the middle inclined chamber wall is provided with a plurality of fifth cathode gas inlets, and the bottom connecting plate is provided with a plurality of sixth cathode gas inlets.

[0017] Further, the plurality of fifth cathode gas inlets on the middle inclined chamber wall gradually increase in diameter from top to bottom.

[0018] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the bottom of the combustion chamber is connected with a flue gas outlet pipe through a conical sleeve, the front end of the flue gas outlet pipe is provided with a flame baffle, and the middle of the flame baffle is connected with a cooling air inlet pipe.

[0019] Further, the flame baffle is uniformly provided with a plurality of separation strips around, so that the flame baffle is radially distributed.

[0020] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, at least one temperature sensor is arranged below the flame baffle of the flue gas outlet pipe.

[0021] The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0022] The anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas pass through independent tail gas distribution channels respectively, and are discharged in a ring shape, so that the tail gas is uniformly introduced into the combustion chamber, the two kinds of tail gas are not in the form of concentrated fluid, but are expanded along a ring path and maintain consistent flow density on the ring surface, have uniform flow rate and concentration on the inlet cross section of the combustion chamber, and promote the two kinds of tail gas to be fully mixed in the combustion chamber.

[0023] The anode tail gas is in the central area of the combustion chamber, and the cathode tail gas is arranged outside the anode tail gas, so that the tail gas is matched and demanded for full combustion, the ignition rod is ignited at the center, the flame is prevented from being deflected, local overheating or incomplete combustion is reduced, a more stable combustion state is achieved, stable combustion in a wide working condition range is achieved, and pressure loss caused by uneven gas distribution is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic view of the first hole plate in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the ignition rod sleeve and the anode tail gas nozzle part in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural sectional view of the ignition rod sleeve and the anode tail gas nozzle part;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a flow field velocity distribution nephogram of the third hole plate;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a flow field velocity distribution nephogram of the anode tail gas nozzle.

[0031] In the drawings,

[0032] 100, burner main body;

[0033] 1, combustion chamber;

[0034] 11. top connecting plate; 110. fourth cathode gas inlet hole;

[0035] 12. middle inclined chamber wall; 120. fifth cathode gas inlet hole;

[0036] 13. bottom connecting plate; 130. sixth cathode gas inlet hole;

[0037] 14. flame detector;

[0038] 2. anode gas inlet tube; 3. cathode gas inlet tube;

[0039] 4. igniter rod sleeve; 41. igniter rod;

[0040] 5. anode tail gas distribution channel;

[0041] 51. first anode tail gas distribution chamber;

[0042] 52. second anode tail gas distribution chamber; 521. first anode gas inlet hole;

[0043] 6. cathode tail gas distribution channel;

[0044] 61. first cathode tail gas distribution chamber; 62. second cathode tail gas distribution chamber; 63. third cathode tail gas distribution chamber; 630. annular spoiler; 64. fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber; 65. fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber;

[0045] 66. first orifice plate; 660. first cathode gas inlet hole; 6601. peripheral cathode gas inlet hole; 6602. inner peripheral cathode gas inlet hole;

[0046] 67. second orifice plate; 670. second cathode gas inlet hole;

[0047] 68. third orifice plate; 680. third cathode gas inlet hole; 681. annular flow guide;

[0048] 7. anode tail gas nozzle; 71. nozzle sleeve body; 72. swirl vane; 73. nozzle end cover plate; 731. second anode gas inlet hole;

[0049] 8. flue gas outlet tube; 81. flame baffle; 82. cooling air inlet tube;

[0050] 9. temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] To better understand the purpose, technical solution, and technical effects of this utility model, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, will provide further explanation. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need further definition and explanation in subsequent drawings. It is also stated that the embodiments described below are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit it.

[0052] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component.

[0053] The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or positional relationship in which a person skilled in the art would normally understand it, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product is usually placed when in use. It is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of this application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0054] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” “fifth,” and “sixth” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or specifying the number of technical features. “Several” means two or more unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a burner for a solid oxide fuel cell system includes a burner body 100. Ignition rods 41 and flue gas outlet pipes 8 are located at opposite ends of the burner body 100. The burner body 100 is composed of several nested sleeve structures, and a combustion chamber 1 is located at its center. An anode inlet pipe 2 and a cathode inlet pipe 3 are located on the same side of the burner body 100, for introducing anode exhaust gas and cathode exhaust gas, respectively. The ignition rod 41 is positioned centrally at the top of the combustion chamber 1 via an ignition rod sleeve 4. One end of the ignition rod 41 protrudes from the top of the burner body 100 and penetrates directly into the burner body 100, allowing the other end to penetrate into the combustion chamber 1.

[0057] The top of the combustion chamber 1 is also provided with an anode tail gas distribution channel 5 and a cathode tail gas distribution channel 6, the anode tail gas distribution channel 5 is annularly arranged outside the outer periphery of the ignition rod sleeve 4, and the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6 is annularly arranged outside the lower end of the anode tail gas distribution channel 5; and the anode tail gas distribution channel 5 and the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6 are both centered on the ignition rod 41; and the ignition rod sleeve 4, the anode tail gas distribution chamber, and the cathode tail gas distribution chamber are mutually isolated. The anode tail gas distribution channel 5 is connected to the anode gas inlet pipe 2 and the combustion chamber 1, and the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6 is connected to the cathode gas inlet pipe 3 and the combustion chamber 1.

[0058] As can be seen, after the anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas pass through the respective independent tail gas distribution channels, they are both uniformly introduced into the combustion chamber 1 in the form of an annular surface, the anode tail gas enters the combustion chamber 1 through the anode tail gas distribution channel 5, and the cathode tail gas enters the combustion chamber 1 through the outer cathode tail gas distribution channel 6. Since the anode tail gas distribution channel 5 and the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6 are both arranged with the ignition rod 41 as the center, it can be ensured that the two kinds of tail gas form a uniform annular surface distribution when entering the combustion chamber 1, thereby promoting the full mixing and combustion of the tail gas in the combustion chamber 1, centrally igniting through the ignition rod 41, avoiding flame deflection, reducing the phenomenon of local overheating or incomplete combustion, thereby achieving a more stable combustion state, which is helpful to achieve stable combustion in a wide operating condition range and reduce pressure loss caused by uneven gas distribution.

[0059] In other optional embodiments, the ignition rod 41 can be adjusted to insert into the combustion chamber 1 along the axial direction of the ignition rod sleeve 4. Specifically, the ignition rod 41 is connected to the burner shell by threads to facilitate adjustment of the ignition position, facilitate later disassembly and replacement maintenance. Users can quickly adjust the insertion depth of the ignition rod 41 according to different combustion requirements to optimize the ignition effect, simplify maintenance work, facilitate replacement of the ignition rod 41 when needed, and improve the reliability and maintenance efficiency of the equipment.

[0060] In this embodiment, the anode tail gas distribution channel 5 includes a first anode tail gas distribution chamber 51 and a second anode tail gas distribution chamber 52 which are sequentially arranged outside the outer periphery of the ignition rod sleeve 4, the side wall of the first anode tail gas distribution chamber 51 is connected to the anode gas inlet pipe 2, the side wall of the second anode tail gas distribution chamber 52 is provided with a first anode gas inlet hole 521, the first anode gas inlet hole 521 connects the first anode tail gas distribution chamber 51 and the second anode tail gas distribution chamber 52, and the bottom channel of the second anode tail gas distribution chamber 52 extends downward along the ignition rod sleeve 4 and is connected to the combustion chamber 1. Through this structure, the anode tail gas first enters the first anode tail gas distribution chamber 51 through the anode gas inlet pipe 2, then enters the second anode tail gas distribution chamber 52 through the first anode gas inlet hole 521, and finally enters the combustion chamber 1 through the bottom channel of the second anode tail gas distribution chamber 52.

[0061] The bottom channel of the anode tail gas distribution channel 5 and the tail end of the ignition rod sleeve 4 are provided with an anode tail gas nozzle 7, which comprises a nozzle sleeve body 71, and the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle sleeve body 71 is provided with a plurality of inclined swirl vanes 72; the nozzle sleeve body 71 is integrally formed with the tail end of the ignition rod sleeve 4, and the joint thereof constitutes a nozzle end cover plate 73, which is uniformly provided with a plurality of second anode gas inlets 731. Through the structure, the anode tail gas is divided into two ways at the anode tail gas nozzle 7: one way flows through the second anode gas inlet 731 into the combustion chamber 1, and the other way flows into the combustion chamber 1 after flowing through the swirl vane 72; so as to realize that one way of the anode tail gas enters the combustion chamber 1 in the form of a jet when flowing through the second anode gas inlet 731, and the other way of the anode tail gas enters the combustion chamber 1 in the form of rotation when flowing through the swirl vane 72. This combined gas inlet mode can generate a backflow vortex in the combustion chamber 1; on the one hand, the backflow vortex strengthens the mixing of the anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas in the combustion chamber 1, effectively improving the anode tail gas combustion efficiency of the SOFC system at various working condition stages; on the other hand, the backflow vortex can effectively maintain the continuous and stable combustion of the flame by entraining the high-temperature flue gas in the combustion chamber 1. Please refer to the flow field velocity distribution cloud diagram of the anode tail gas nozzle shown in Figure 7

[0062] In the present embodiment, the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6 comprises an outer circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel and an inner circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel, the side wall of the outer circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel is connected to the cathode gas inlet pipe 3, the top of the inner circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel is open and communicates with the top of the outer circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel, and the bottom of the inner circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel is covered by the combustion chamber 1; the cathode tail gas enters the outer circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel through the cathode gas inlet pipe 3, and then flows into the inner circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel from bottom to top and from outside to inside, and finally enters the combustion chamber 1 from top to bottom. Through the structure, the cathode tail gas first enters the outer circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel through the cathode gas inlet pipe 3, and then flows from bottom to top in the outer circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel; when the cathode tail gas reaches the top of the outer circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel, it enters the inner circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel through the top opening; after passing through the inner circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel, the cathode tail gas enters the combustion chamber 1 from top to bottom, mixes with the anode tail gas and burns. It can be seen that the single-sided inlet cathode tail gas first passes through the outer circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel, and then passes through the inner circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel, and the reasonable gas flow path helps to disperse evenly during the flow of the cathode tail gas, reduces the pressure loss during the flow of the gas, and ensures the uniform distribution of the cathode tail gas when it enters the combustion chamber 1, so as to improve the mixing with the anode tail gas and improve the combustion efficiency.

[0063] ​In one specific embodiment, the peripheral cathode exhaust gas distribution channel includes a first cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 61, a second cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 62, and a third cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 63 distributed from bottom to top. A first perforated plate 66 is provided between the first cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 61 and the second cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 62. The first perforated plate 66 is provided with a plurality of first cathode air inlets 660. A second perforated plate 67 is provided between the second cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 62 and the third cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 63. The second perforated plate 67 is provided with a plurality of second cathode air inlets 670, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the second perforated plate 67 to connect the third cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 63 and the inner peripheral cathode exhaust gas distribution channel. Through this structure, the cathode exhaust gas first enters the first cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 61 through the cathode inlet pipe 3, then enters the second cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 62 through the first cathode inlet hole 660 on the first perforated plate 66, then enters the third cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 63 through the second cathode inlet hole 670 on the second perforated plate 67, and finally enters the inner peripheral cathode exhaust gas distribution channel through the through hole in the middle of the second perforated plate 67.

[0064] The multi-level distribution chamber structure of the outer peripheral cathode exhaust gas distribution channel enables the cathode exhaust gas to have several brief stops in the outer peripheral cathode exhaust gas distribution channel, further dispersing the cathode exhaust gas during the flow process and ensuring that the cathode exhaust gas enters the inner peripheral cathode exhaust gas distribution channel more evenly.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to ensure that the cathode exhaust gas can flow smoothly into the cathode exhaust gas distribution channel 6 after entering from one side, and considering that the cathode exhaust gas flow rate is large, in this embodiment, the first cathode air inlet 660 includes an outer cathode air inlet 6601 and an inner cathode air inlet 6602. The outer cathode air inlet 6601 is distributed in a circular array on the outer periphery of the first perforated plate 66, and the inner cathode air inlet 6602 is distributed in an arc shape on the side of the first perforated plate 66 near the cathode air inlet pipe 3; the second cathode air inlet 670 is evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the second perforated plate 67. With this structure, the side of the first perforated plate 66 near the air inlet end has more inner cathode air inlets 6602 than the other side, resulting in a larger number of air inlets on the side near the air inlet end. The cathode exhaust gas in the first cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 61 can smoothly enter the second cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 62, avoiding accumulation on one side of the first cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 61. The cathode exhaust gas in the second cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 62 can enter the third cathode exhaust gas distribution chamber 63 more evenly through the evenly distributed air inlets.

[0066] The inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel includes a fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 64 and a fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 65 distributed in an upper-to-lower hierarchy, and a third perforated plate 68 is arranged between the fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 64 and the fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 65. The third perforated plate 68 is provided with a plurality of circles of third cathode gas inlet holes 680, and an annular flow guide plate 681 is arranged between adjacent two circles of third cathode gas inlet holes 680. The annular flow guide plate 681 is used for dispersing the cathode tail gas and guiding the flow direction of the gas flow. Through this structure, the cathode tail gas enters the fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 64 from the through hole in the middle of the second perforated plate 67, and then enters the fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 65 through the third cathode gas inlet holes 680 on the third perforated plate 68. When passing through the third perforated plate 68, the annular flow guide plate 681 disperses and guides the flow direction of the cathode tail gas, ensuring uniform distribution of the gas flow. Please refer to the third perforated plate flow field velocity distribution cloud diagram shown in FIG. 14. Figure 6 As can be seen from the figure, the circumferential cathode tail gas flow rate of the third perforated plate 68 is uniform, and the cathode tail gas can uniformly enter the fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 65 from the fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 64, fully mix with the anode tail gas, and burn.

[0067] In this embodiment, the bottom side wall of the combustion chamber 1 is formed by downward extension of the side wall of the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6, which helps to make the structure of the burner body 100 more compact and reduce the size. The outer side wall of the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 is provided with a flame detector 14. The flame detector 14 is used to monitor the state of the flame in the combustion chamber 1 in real time, and can obtain the flame signal in the combustion chamber 1 in time, ensuring the stability and safety of the combustion process.

[0068] The front end of the flue gas outlet pipe 8 is provided with a flame arrestor 81, the middle part of the flame arrestor 81 is connected with a cooling air inlet pipe 82, and a plurality of partition strips are uniformly arranged around the flame arrestor 81, so that the flame arrestor 81 is radially arranged. The flame arrestor 81 is arranged on the flue gas outlet pipe 8, which can prevent the combustion flame from being too long to cause damage or affect the rear-end heat exchanger components, and can also enhance the mixing of high-temperature flue gas and cathode tail gas to reduce the circumferential temperature difference of the flue gas cross section, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency of the rear-end heat exchange components. The cooling air inlet pipe 82 is arranged at the center of the flame arrestor 81. By adjusting the amount of cooling air, the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the burner can be flexibly adjusted, and the flame combustion organization at the front end will not be affected. At the same time, the mixing of high-temperature flue gas and cooling air is enhanced by the disturbance of the flame arrestor 81, which can effectively inhibit the influence of uneven flue gas temperature on the performance of the rear-end heat exchange components.

[0069] At least one temperature sensor 9 is arranged below the flame arrestor 81 of the flue gas outlet pipe 8, which is used to monitor the flue gas temperature in the flue gas outlet pipe 8 in real time. In this embodiment, the flue gas outlet pipe 8 is provided with two temperature sensors 9.

[0070] The technical scheme uses the following process: the ignition rod 41 is started, and the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 1 is ignited; the flame detector 14 detects the flue gas to determine whether combustion occurs, and transmits a signal to the controller; the controller determines whether to start the ignition rod 41 according to the signal feedback of the flame detector 14; the flue gas after combustion can shorten the length of the combustion flame and enhance the mixing after flowing through the flame baffle 81; the cooling air enters the flue gas through the cooling air inlet pipe 82, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the burner can be flexibly adjusted; finally, the flue gas flows through the temperature sensor one and the temperature sensor two for temperature measurement, and then flows out through the flue gas outlet pipe 8.

[0071] In conclusion, the burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system has a compact structure design and low flow path pressure loss, reduces the system volume and fan power consumption, and helps to improve the overall power generation efficiency of the SOFC system.

[0072] Embodiment two

[0073] A burner of a solid oxide fuel cell system has an anode tail gas distribution channel 5 and a cathode tail gas distribution channel 6, the anode tail gas distribution channel 5 includes a first anode tail gas distribution chamber 51 and a second anode tail gas distribution chamber 52, and the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6 includes a first cathode tail gas distribution chamber 61, a second cathode tail gas distribution chamber 62, a third cathode tail gas distribution chamber 63, a fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 64 and a fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 65, and the difference lies in that: the top wall of the third cathode tail gas distribution chamber 63 is provided with an annular spoiler 630 in the middle, and the annular spoiler 630 is used for guiding and dispersing the cathode tail gas, so that the cathode tail gas flows uniformly to the inner circumferential cathode tail gas distribution channel; the airflow is guided by the annular spoiler 630, so that the airflow is smoother, which helps to reduce the turbulence generated when the gas enters the fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 64, thereby reducing the pressure loss and improving the combustion efficiency.

[0074] Embodiment three

[0075] A burner of a solid oxide fuel cell system has an anode tail gas distribution channel 5 and a cathode tail gas distribution channel 6, the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6 includes a first cathode tail gas distribution chamber 61, a second cathode tail gas distribution chamber 62, a third cathode tail gas distribution chamber 63, a fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 64 and a fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 65, and the difference lies in that:

[0076] In this embodiment, the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 is connected to the flue gas outlet pipe 8 through a conical sleeve, which can not only shrink and gather the flame shape and improve the wall cooling effect, but also reduce the influence of the pressure fluctuation at the rear end on the flame combustion stability.

[0077] The combustion chamber 1 is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, which comprises a top connecting plate 11, a middle inclined chamber wall 12 and a bottom connecting plate 13, the top connecting plate 11 is provided with a middle opening and connected with the anode tail gas distribution channel 5, the bottom connecting plate 13 is connected with the cathode tail gas distribution channel 6; a plurality of fourth cathode air inlet holes 110 are arranged on the top connecting plate 11 outside the anode tail gas distribution channel 5, the middle inclined chamber wall 12 is provided with a plurality of fifth cathode air inlet holes 120, and the bottom connecting plate 13 is provided with a plurality of sixth cathode air inlet holes 130. Through the structure, the cathode tail gas is divided into three ways in the fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber 65: the first way of cathode tail gas enters the combustion chamber 1 through the fourth cathode air inlet hole 110, and this part of cathode tail gas can blow the high-temperature flue gas sucked by the reflux vortex away from the top connecting plate 11 to avoid the wall surface of the top connecting plate 11 from being overheated; the second way of cathode tail gas enters the combustion chamber 1 through the fifth cathode air inlet hole 120, part of the cathode tail gas enters the flame area to participate in combustion organization to improve the anode tail gas combustion efficiency, and the other part can form an air flow protection layer between the high-temperature flame and the wall surface of the combustion chamber 1, which can effectively prevent the flame from deviating and reduce the heat transfer of the high-temperature flue gas to the wall of the combustion chamber 1; the third way of cathode tail gas enters the combustion chamber 1 through the sixth cathode air inlet hole 130, which can form an air flow protection layer between the high-temperature flue gas and the bottom of the combustion chamber 1, the conical sleeve and the flue gas outlet pipe 8, to prevent the high-temperature flue gas from ablation of the metal wall surface, thereby causing structural failure.

[0078] In the above scheme, by adjusting the opening position, number and size of the combustion chamber wall, the top connecting plate and the bottom connecting plate, the proportion of the cathode tail gas participating in the flame combustion and wall cooling can be adjusted to adapt to the operating condition parameters of different types of SOFC stacks, which can fully meet the stable combustion demand of the SOFC system under large air-fuel ratio, and has the integrated design characteristic.

[0079] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner, and to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

[0080] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the utility model, the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as the limitation of the utility model patent range. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, on the premise of not departing from the concept of the utility model, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection range of the utility model. Therefore, the protection range of the utility model patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A burner for a solid oxide fuel cell system comprising a combustion chamber (1), an anode gas inlet pipe (2) and a cathode gas inlet pipe (3), characterized in that The ignition rod sleeve (4) is arranged in the middle of the top of the combustion chamber (1), and an ignition rod (41) is arranged in the ignition rod sleeve (4); The top of the combustion chamber (1) is further provided with an anode tail gas distribution channel (5) and a cathode tail gas distribution channel (6), the anode tail gas distribution channel (5) is annularly arranged on the outer periphery of the ignition rod sleeve (4), the cathode tail gas distribution channel (6) is annularly arranged on the outer periphery of the lower end of the anode tail gas distribution channel (5), and the side wall of the cathode tail gas distribution channel (6) extends downward to form the side wall of the bottom of the combustion chamber (1); The anode tail gas distribution channel (5) is connected with the anode gas inlet pipe (2) and the combustion chamber (1), and the cathode tail gas distribution channel (6) is connected with the cathode gas inlet pipe (3) and the combustion chamber (1); the anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas are uniformly introduced into the combustion chamber (1) in the form of annular surface after passing through the respective independent tail gas distribution channels.

2. The burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by, The bottom outer side wall of the combustion chamber (1) is provided with a flame detector (14).

3. The burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein The anode tail gas distribution channel (5) comprises a first anode tail gas distribution chamber (51) and a second anode tail gas distribution chamber (52) which are sequentially arranged on the outer periphery of the ignition rod sleeve (4) from outside to inside, the side wall of the first anode tail gas distribution chamber (51) is connected with the anode gas inlet pipe (2), the side wall of the second anode tail gas distribution chamber (52) is provided with a first anode gas inlet hole (521) for connecting the first anode tail gas distribution chamber (51) and the second anode tail gas distribution chamber (52); the bottom channel of the second anode tail gas distribution chamber (52) extends downward along the ignition rod sleeve (4) and is connected with the combustion chamber (1).

4. The burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized by, The bottom channel of the anode tail gas distribution channel (5) and the tail end of the ignition rod sleeve (4) are provided with an anode tail gas nozzle (7), the anode tail gas nozzle (7) comprises a nozzle sleeve body (71), the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle sleeve body (71) is provided with a plurality of inclined rotational flow vanes (72); the nozzle sleeve body (71) is integrally formed with the tail end of the ignition rod sleeve (4), and the joint part of the two forms a nozzle end cover plate (73), the nozzle end cover plate (73) is uniformly provided with a plurality of second anode gas inlet holes (731).

5. The burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein The cathode tail gas distribution channel (6) comprises an outer peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel and an inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel, the side wall of the outer peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel is connected with the cathode gas inlet pipe (3), the top of the inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel is opened and connected with the top of the outer peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel, and the bottom of the inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel covers the combustion chamber (1); The cathode tail gas enters the outer peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel through the cathode gas inlet pipe (3), flows into the inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel from bottom to top and from outside to inside, and then enters the combustion chamber (1) from top to bottom.

6. The burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein The outer peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel comprises a first cathode tail gas distribution chamber (61), a second cathode tail gas distribution chamber (62), and a third cathode tail gas distribution chamber (63) distributed from bottom to top, a first orifice plate (66) is arranged between the first cathode tail gas distribution chamber (61) and the second cathode tail gas distribution chamber (62), the first orifice plate (66) is provided with a plurality of first cathode gas inlets (660); a second orifice plate (67) is arranged between the second cathode tail gas distribution chamber (62) and the third cathode tail gas distribution chamber (63), the second orifice plate (67) is provided with a plurality of second cathode gas inlets (670), and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the second orifice plate (67) to communicate the third cathode tail gas distribution chamber (63) and the inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel.

7. The burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein The first cathode gas inlets (660) comprise peripheral cathode gas inlets (6601) and inner peripheral cathode gas inlets (6602), the peripheral cathode gas inlets (6601) are arranged in a circumferential array at the outer periphery of the first orifice plate (66), and the inner peripheral cathode gas inlets (6602) are arranged in an arc shape on one side of the first orifice plate (66) close to the cathode gas inlet pipe (3); the second cathode gas inlets (670) are uniformly distributed at the outer periphery of the second orifice plate (67).

8. The burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by, The top wall of the third cathode tail gas distribution chamber (63) is centrally provided with an annular spoiler (630), the annular spoiler (630) is used for guiding and dispersing cathode tail gas, so that the cathode tail gas uniformly flows to the inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel.

9. The burner of a solid oxide fuel cell system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The inner peripheral cathode tail gas distribution channel comprises a fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber (64) and a fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber (65) distributed from top to bottom, a third orifice plate (68) is arranged between the fourth cathode tail gas distribution chamber (64) and the fifth cathode tail gas distribution chamber (65), the third orifice plate (68) is provided with a plurality of rings of third cathode gas inlets (680), and an annular guide plate (681) is arranged between adjacent two rings of the third cathode gas inlets (680), the annular guide plate (681) is used for dispersing cathode tail gas and guiding air flow.

10. The burner of the solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein The bottom of the combustion chamber (1) is connected with a flue gas outlet pipe (8) through a conical sleeve, the front end of the flue gas outlet pipe (8) is provided with a flame baffle (81), and the middle part of the flame baffle (81) is connected with a cooling air inlet pipe (82).

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