Battery device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery device and a vehicle. The battery device comprises a battery box, an exhaust part, a battery module and a protection part, a containing cavity is formed in the battery box, and a first anti-explosion valve is arranged on the battery box; the exhaust part is arranged in the containing cavity and communicates with the first anti-explosion valve. The battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the battery module comprises at least one battery monomer, and the at least one battery monomer is provided with a second anti-explosion valve; the protection part is arranged in the containing cavity, the protection part is located on at least one side of the battery module, the protection part is provided with an air guide channel, an air outlet and at least one air inlet, the air outlet is communicated with the air guide channel and the exhaust part, and each air inlet is communicated with the air guide channel and one second anti-explosion valve. When the battery module is in thermal runaway, the protection part collects eruption substances of the battery monomers into the air guide channel, and then the eruption substances are directionally discharged out of the battery device body from the first anti-explosion valve through the exhaust part, so that the eruption substances are prevented from spreading randomly in the accommodating cavity, and the safety performance of the battery device is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery device and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, with the continuous development of new energy vehicles, the volume energy density of electric vehicle batteries is continuously improved. As the energy carrier of electric vehicles, batteries are prone to internal short circuit failures caused by heat, mechanics, electricity and other factors, which can induce battery thermal runaway. Therefore, the safety performance of the battery of the vehicle is also increasingly valued.

[0003] When the battery is in thermal runaway, it often sprays electrolyte, winding core fragments and flammable gas and other substances, which can easily cause vehicle short circuit failure and even fire, resulting in automobile fire and explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the structure of the battery and effectively protect the battery in thermal runaway to improve the safety performance of the battery. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a battery device and a vehicle, which aims to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a battery device, which comprises a battery box, an exhaust member, a battery module and a protection member. The battery box forms an accommodating cavity, and a first explosion-proof valve is arranged on the battery box. The exhaust member is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the exhaust member and the first explosion-proof valve are communicated. The battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the battery module comprises at least one battery monomer, and the at least one battery monomer is provided with a second explosion-proof valve. The protection member is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the protection member is located at least one side of the battery module. The protection member is provided with a gas guide channel, a gas outlet and at least one gas inlet. The gas outlet is respectively connected with the gas guide channel and the exhaust member. Each gas inlet is respectively connected with the gas guide channel and one second explosion-proof valve.

[0006] Preferably, the exhaust member has a main exhaust port and a one-way valve which are communicated with each other. The main exhaust port is connected with the first explosion-proof valve. The one-way valve is connected with the gas outlet to make the gas guide channel unidirectionally guide to the exhaust member.

[0007] Preferably, a third explosion-proof valve which is communicated with the accommodating cavity is further arranged on the battery box. The exhaust member further has a secondary exhaust port which is communicated with the one-way valve. The secondary exhaust port is located at one side of the main exhaust port and the one-way valve, and the secondary exhaust port is located in the accommodating cavity to be communicated with the third explosion-proof valve.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the exhaust member, the gas outlet and the first explosion-proof valve is multiple. Multiple exhaust members are connected between multiple gas outlets and multiple first explosion-proof valves, so that the gas guide channel is communicated with multiple first explosion-proof valves.

[0009] Preferably, the protection member comprises a first protection layer and a second protection layer, the first protection layer and the second protection layer partially spaced apart to form the air guide channel, the first protection layer is towards the battery module, and the second protection layer is located on the side of the first protection layer away from the battery module, each air inlet is arranged at the position of the first protection layer corresponding to each second explosion-proof valve, so that each air guide channel and each second explosion-proof valve are communicated.

[0010] Preferably, the protection member further comprises a sealing member arranged corresponding to the position of the second explosion-proof valve, the sealing member is provided with a plurality of connecting holes corresponding to the position of the second explosion-proof valve, and the sealing member is connected between the air inlet and the second explosion-proof valve.

[0011] Preferably, the second protection layer is provided with a plurality of reinforced heat insulation members corresponding to the positions of the plurality of air inlets.

[0012] Preferably, the area of the reinforced heat insulation member is at least greater than the area of the air inlet.

[0013] Preferably, the air inlet is a tearable opening.

[0014] To solve the above problems, the application provides a vehicle, which comprises the above-mentioned battery device.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the battery device of the application comprises a battery box, an exhaust member, a battery module and a protection member, the battery box is formed with an accommodating cavity, and a first explosion-proof valve is arranged on the battery box; the exhaust member is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the exhaust member and the first explosion-proof valve are communicated; the battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the battery module comprises at least one battery monomer provided with a second explosion-proof valve; the protection member is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the protection member is located on at least one side of the battery module, the protection member is provided with an air guide channel, an air outlet and at least one air inlet, the air outlet is respectively communicated with the air guide channel and the exhaust member, and each air inlet is respectively communicated with the air guide channel and one second explosion-proof valve. Through the above-mentioned implementation, when the battery module is in thermal runaway, the protection member collects the spewing matter at the second explosion-proof valve of the thermal runaway battery monomer into the air guide channel through the air inlet, and then the spewing matter in the air guide channel is directed out of the battery device from the first explosion-proof valve through the exhaust member, so as to avoid the spewing matter from spreading wildly in the accommodating cavity and causing secondary damage to other battery monomers, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 is an explosion structure schematic diagram of the battery device provided by the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a first protective layer and a second protective layer structure schematic diagram of the battery device shown in the figure;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is a structure schematic diagram of the battery device shown in the figure, removing the first protective layer and the second protective layer.

[0020] Figure number: battery device 1; battery box 10; containing cavity 110; first explosion-proof valve 120; third explosion-proof valve 130; exhaust member 20; main exhaust port 210; one-way valve 220; secondary exhaust port 230; battery module 30; second explosion-proof valve 310; battery monomer 320; protective member 40; first protective layer 410; air inlet 411; second protective layer 420; reinforced heat insulation member 421; sealing member 430; air guide channel 440. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0024] Reference to“an embodiment” herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase“in an embodiment” in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. As will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the application, the term“and / or” only means an association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character“ / ” herein generally means that the front and rear associated objects are in an“or” relationship.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the application, the term“a plurality of” refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, “a plurality of groups” refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “a plurality of pieces” refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the application, the technical terms“center”,“longitudinal”,“transverse”,“length”,“width”,“thickness”,“upper”,“lower”,“front”,“rear”,“left”,“right”,“vertical”,“horizontal”,“top”,“bottom”,“inner”,“outer”,“clockwise”,“counterclockwise”,“axial”,“radial”,“circumferential” and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the application.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms“mounting”,“connection”,“connection”,“fixing” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or it can be electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] At present, with the continuous development of new energy vehicles, the volume energy density of electric vehicle batteries is continuously improved. As the energy carrier of electric vehicles, batteries are prone to internal short circuit failure caused by heat, mechanics, electricity and other factors, which can induce battery thermal runaway. Therefore, the safety performance of the battery of the vehicle is also increasingly valued.

[0030] Battery thermal runaway often spews electrolyte, core fragments and flammable gas and other substances, which can easily cause vehicle short circuit failure, and even cause fire, leading to car fire and explosion. Therefore, the battery structure needs to be optimized and set to effectively protect the battery from thermal runaway to improve the safety performance of the battery.

[0031] To solve the problems in the related art, the present application provides a battery device, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the battery device provided by the present application, Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the first and second protection layers of the battery device shown in

[0032] The battery device 1 comprises a battery box 10, an exhaust member 20, a battery module 30 and a protection member 40. The battery box 10 is formed with a receiving cavity 110, and a first explosion-proof valve 120 is arranged on the battery box 10. The exhaust member 20 is arranged in the receiving cavity 110, and the exhaust member 20 and the first explosion-proof valve 120 are in communication. The battery module 30 is arranged in the receiving cavity 110, and the battery module 30 comprises at least one battery monomer 320, and the at least one battery monomer 320 is provided with a second explosion-proof valve 310. The protection member 40 is arranged in the receiving cavity 110, and the protection member 40 is located on at least one side of the battery module 30. The protection member 40 is provided with a gas guide channel 440, a gas outlet and at least one gas inlet 411. The gas outlet is respectively connected to the gas guide channel 440 and the exhaust member 20. Each gas inlet 411 is respectively connected to the gas guide channel 440 and one second explosion-proof valve 310.

[0033] In the battery device 1, a plurality of battery monomers 320 are usually stacked together to form a core unit, a plurality of core units are combined to form a battery module 30, and the second explosion-proof valves 310 of the plurality of battery monomers 320 are arranged on the same side of the core unit. Preferably, the second explosion-proof valves 310 of the plurality of core units are located on the same side of the battery module 30, and the protection member 40 is arranged on the side of the battery module 30 with the second explosion-proof valve 310, so as to save the space of the receiving cavity 110. Of course, the second explosion-proof valves 310 of the plurality of core units can also be arranged on multiple sides of the battery module 30, and in this case, the protection member 40 needs to be arranged in communication with the second explosion-proof valves 310 on the multiple sides of the battery module 30, that is, the protection member 40 needs to be in communication with all the second explosion-proof valves 310 of the battery module 30, so that when the battery monomer 320 is in thermal runaway, the spewing material of the second explosion-proof valve 310 can be collected into the gas guide channel 440 of the protection member 40 through the gas inlet 411, so as to avoid the spewing material from spreading freely in the receiving cavity 110 to affect other battery monomers 320. The number of the protection member 40 can be adjusted to be multiple according to different arrangement modes of the battery module 30, for example, 2, 3, etc.

[0034] The first explosion-proof valve 120 and the second explosion-proof valve 310 can be pressure-controlled valves, which are automatically opened when the pressure reaches a preset threshold. The pressure preset thresholds of the first explosion-proof valve 120 and the second explosion-proof valve 310 are different. The exhaust member 20 connects the gas guide channel 440 and the first explosion-proof valve 120, which facilitates the direct discharge of the eruption material in the gas guide channel 440 out of the battery device 1. The exhaust member 20 has a certain exhaust cavity, and the volume of the exhaust member 20 is smaller than that of the protection member 40. Since the gas guide channel 440 of the protection member 40 has a certain space, a certain amount of eruption material needs to be accumulated to open the first explosion-proof valve 120. When the eruption material enters the smaller volume of the exhaust member 20 through the gas outlet, the pressure is quickly increased, which makes the first explosion-proof valve 120 open with a small amount of eruption material accumulated in the gas guide channel 440, avoiding excessive eruption material accumulated in the gas guide channel 440 to cause a large impact on the protection member 40 and an adverse thermal effect on the battery module 30 adjacent to the protection member 40.

[0035] Through the above-mentioned embodiments, when the battery module 30 is in thermal runaway, the protection member 40 collects the eruption material of the second explosion-proof valve 310 of the battery monomer 320 into the gas guide channel 440 through the gas inlet 411, and then directs the eruption material in the gas guide channel 440 out of the battery device 1 through the first explosion-proof valve 120 of the exhaust member 20, avoiding the eruption material to spread freely in the containing cavity 110, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery device 1. At the same time, the protection member 40 is arranged in combination with the second explosion-proof valve 310 of the battery module 30, which does not have a large impact on the structure of the battery device 1, and can save space to a certain extent.

[0036] In some embodiments, the exhaust member 20 has a main exhaust port 210 and a one-way valve 220 that are in communication with each other. The main exhaust port 210 is connected with the first explosion-proof valve 120, and the one-way valve 220 is connected with the gas outlet to guide the gas guide channel 440 to the exhaust member 20 in one direction. Preferably, the main exhaust port 210 and the one-way valve 220 are arranged in the same straight line direction, so that the eruption material flows better to the main exhaust port 210 after entering the exhaust member 20 through the one-way valve 220, thereby being directly discharged into the battery device 1 through the first explosion-proof valve 120. At the same time, the arrangement of the one-way valve 220 can avoid the backflow of the eruption material into the gas guide channel 440.

[0037] In some embodiments, the battery box 10 is further provided with a third explosion-proof valve 130 in communication with the accommodating cavity 110, and the exhaust member 20 is further provided with a secondary exhaust port 230 in communication with the one-way valve 220, the secondary exhaust port 230 is located on the side of the main exhaust port 210 and the one-way valve 220, and the secondary exhaust port 230 is located in the accommodating cavity 110 to communicate with the third explosion-proof valve 130. The secondary exhaust port 230 can be a pressure-controlled explosion-proof valve, of course, it can also be a temperature-controlled explosion-proof valve. When multiple battery monomers 320 simultaneously occur thermal runaway, the spewing material enters the gas guide channel 440 through the multiple air inlets 411, and the first explosion-proof valve 120 is difficult to quickly discharge the spewing material. At this time, the secondary exhaust port 230 is used to assist in discharging the spewing material in the gas guide channel 440. A large amount of spewing material will cause the pressure in the protective member 40 and the exhaust member 20 to be too high. When the pressure reaches a certain threshold, the secondary exhaust port 230 opens to discharge a certain amount of spewing material into the accommodating cavity 110, so as to quickly reduce the pressure in the gas guide channel 440 of the protective member 40. When the pressure in the accommodating cavity 110 reaches a certain value, the third explosion-proof valve 130 opens to discharge the spewing material in the accommodating cavity 110 out of the battery box 10. It should be noted that the accommodating cavity 110 is pre-reserved with a certain space to facilitate the secondary exhaust port 230 to discharge the spewing material. The battery module 30 can be provided with a shell made of fireproof material to avoid being affected too much. The opening pressure value of the secondary exhaust port 230 is higher than that of the first explosion-proof valve 120, that is, the spewing material in the gas guide channel 440 is preferentially discharged out of the battery device 1 through the first explosion-proof valve 120 and the exhaust member 20.

[0038] The number of exhaust members 20, air outlets and first explosion-proof valves 120 is multiple. Multiple exhaust members 20 are connected between multiple air outlets and multiple first explosion-proof valves 120, so that the gas guide channel 440 is in communication with the multiple first explosion-proof valves 120. Preferably, multiple air outlets can be arranged on the circumferential side of the protective member 40. Multiple exhaust members 20 and multiple first explosion-proof valves 120 are arranged corresponding to the multiple air outlets, so that the spewing material in the gas guide channel 440 can be more efficiently discharged directly out of the battery device 1. The spewing material in the gas guide channel 440 is discharged as much as possible from the main exhaust port 210 and the first explosion-proof valve 120, so as to reduce the probability of opening of the secondary exhaust port 230. Because the spewing material entering the accommodating cavity 110 through the secondary exhaust port 230 will inevitably cause a certain impact on the battery module 30. It can be understood that the more the main exhaust ports 210, the more the amount of spewing material discharged, and the less the amount of spewing material discharged by the secondary exhaust port 230. The pre-reserved space of the accommodating cavity 110 for the secondary exhaust port 230 can be relatively reduced.

[0039] Referring again to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 is Figure 1 the first protective layer and the second protective layer structure of the battery device shown in FIG. 1, Figure 3 is Figure 1Structural schematic diagram of the battery device shown removing the first protective layer and the second protective layer.

[0040] The protective member 40 includes a first protective layer 410 and a second protective layer 420, which are partially spaced apart to form the air guide channel 440. The first protective layer 410 faces the battery module 30, and the second protective layer 420 is located on the side of the first protective layer 410 away from the battery module 30. Each air inlet 411 is arranged on the first protective layer 410 at a position corresponding to each second explosion-proof valve 310, so that each air guide channel 440 and each second explosion-proof valve 310 are in communication.

[0041] Each second explosion-proof valve 310 is sealingly connected to each air inlet 411 on the first protective layer 410. The protective member 40 is made of a heat insulation material such as a mica sheet. In some embodiments, the protective member 40 is made into a bag-shaped structure, and the first protective layer 410 and the second protective layer 420 are flexible and deformable. When no thermal runaway occurs, the second protective layer 420 and the first protective layer 410 can be attached together, thereby saving internal space of the battery device 1. When the battery monomer 320 undergoes thermal runaway, the spewing material enters the air guide channel 440 from the second explosion-proof valve 310 and the air inlet 411, and under the impact of the spewing material, the second protective layer 420 and the first protective layer 410 are separated. The first protective layer 410 and the second protective layer 420 can be formed into the air guide channel 440 in an integral molding or splicing manner.

[0042] The protective member 40 further includes a sealing member 430 arranged at a position corresponding to the second explosion-proof valve 310. The sealing member 430 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes corresponding to the second explosion-proof valve 310, and is connected between the air inlet 411 and the second explosion-proof valve 310. The area of the sealing member 430 is slightly larger than the area of the second explosion-proof valve 310, and the sealing member 430 covers between the second explosion-proof valve 310 and the air inlet 411 to prevent the spewing material from leaking out. The shapes of the connecting holes and the air inlet 411 are adapted to the shape of the second explosion-proof valve 310, and the number and shape of the sealing member 430 are adjusted according to the arrangement mode of the battery module 30.

[0043] The second protective layer 420 is provided with a plurality of reinforced heat insulation members 421 at positions corresponding to the plurality of air inlets 411. When the battery monomer 320 undergoes thermal runaway, high-pressure spewing material will be spewed from the second explosion-proof valve 310, which will cause a large impact on the second protective layer 420. Therefore, the reinforced heat insulation members 421 are arranged at the positions corresponding to the projections of the air inlets 411 on the second protective layer 420 to reinforce heat insulation, so as to avoid the protective member 40 from being broken by the impact of the spewing material and causing a large thermal impact on other components in the battery device 1.

[0044] The area of the reinforced heat insulation member 421 is at least greater than the area of the air inlet 411, so that the second protective layer 420 can effectively withstand the thermal impact of the eruption material at the air inlet 411, improve the thermal impact resistance of the protective member 40 to the eruption material of the battery monomer 320, and reduce the risk of leakage and explosion of the battery device 1. The materials and thicknesses of the reinforced heat insulation member 421, the first protective layer 410 and the second protective layer 420 can be adjusted according to different types of battery modules 30.

[0045] In some embodiments, the air inlet 411 is a tearable opening. When the battery monomer 320 is in thermal runaway, the eruption material can easily impact and tear the corresponding air inlet 411 to enter the gas guide channel 440, while the air inlet 411 on the first protective layer 410 corresponding to the battery monomer 320 that does not occur thermal runaway is still closed, thereby reducing the impact of the eruption material in the gas guide channel 440 on the battery monomer 320 that does not occur thermal runaway.

[0046] In summary, the battery device 1 of the present application is provided with a protective member 40 which communicates with each battery monomer 320 of the battery module 30 through the air inlet 411 and the second explosion-proof valve 310 of the battery monomer 320. The protective member 40 can collect the eruption material generated by the battery monomer 320 in thermal runaway into the gas guide channel 440, avoid the eruption material from spreading freely in the containing cavity 110, and then discharge the eruption material from the battery device 1 in a directional manner through the exhaust member 20 and the first explosion-proof valve 120, so as to realize the directional guidance of the eruption material generated by the battery device 1 in thermal runaway. The secondary exhaust port 230 of the exhaust member 20 can assist in guiding and discharging the eruption material, and reduce the risk of explosion and rupture of the protective member 40 due to excessive pressure. The air inlet 411 of the first protective layer 410 is provided as a tearable opening, which can reduce the influence of thermal runaway between the battery monomers 320. The reinforced heat insulation member 421 located in the second protective layer 420 can improve the thermal impact resistance of the protective member 40. The protective member 40 is arranged in close contact with the second explosion-proof valve 310 of the battery module 30, which does not greatly affect the structure of the battery device 1, and can save space to a certain extent.

[0047] To solve the related problems, the present application also provides a vehicle which uses the above-mentioned battery device, so as to reduce the risk of deflagration and explosion of the vehicle due to thermal runaway of the battery device, and improve the safety performance of the vehicle.

[0048] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced equivalently. Such modifications or replacements do not change the essence of the corresponding technical solutions, which should be covered in the scope of the claims and the specification of the present application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, The battery device includes: A battery box having a receiving cavity, and a first explosion-proof valve being provided on the battery box; An exhaust device is disposed within the receiving cavity, and the exhaust device is connected to the first explosion-proof valve; A battery module is disposed within the receiving cavity, the battery module comprising at least one battery cell, and at least one battery cell being provided with a second explosion-proof valve; A protective component is disposed within the receiving cavity. The protective component is located on at least one side of the battery module. The protective component is provided with a venting channel, an outlet, and at least one inlet. The outlet is connected to the venting channel and the exhaust component, respectively. Each inlet is connected to the venting channel and a second explosion-proof valve, respectively.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust component has a main exhaust port and a one-way valve that are interconnected. The main exhaust port is connected to the first explosion-proof valve, and the one-way valve is connected to the air outlet so that the air guide channel is unidirectionally directed toward the exhaust component.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery box is also provided with a third explosion-proof valve that communicates with the receiving cavity. The exhaust component also has a secondary exhaust port that communicates with the one-way valve. The secondary exhaust port is located on one side of the main exhaust port and the one-way valve, and the secondary exhaust port is located inside the receiving cavity to communicate with the third explosion-proof valve.

4. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The number of exhaust components, air outlets, and first explosion-proof valves is multiple, and multiple exhaust components are connected between multiple air outlets and multiple first explosion-proof valves so that the air guide channel is connected to multiple first explosion-proof valves.

5. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective component includes a first protective layer and a second protective layer, with the first and second protective layers partially spaced to form the air guide channel. The first protective layer faces the battery module, and the second protective layer is located on the side of the first protective layer away from the battery module. Each air inlet is located on the first protective layer at a position corresponding to each second explosion-proof valve, so that each air guide channel is connected to each second explosion-proof valve.

6. The battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protective component also includes a sealing element, which is positioned corresponding to the second explosion-proof valve. The sealing element has multiple connection holes corresponding to the second explosion-proof valve and is connected between the air inlet and the second explosion-proof valve.

7. The battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second protective layer is provided with multiple heat-insulating components corresponding to the positions of the multiple air inlets.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The area of ​​the reinforced heat insulation component is at least larger than the area of ​​the air inlet.

9. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet has an easy-tear opening.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the battery device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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