Slope instability precursor monitoring system

Abstract

A slope instability precursor monitoring system comprises a monitoring host, a surface deformation monitoring device, an internal instability precursor monitoring device and an environment monitoring device, and the surface deformation monitoring device, the internal instability precursor monitoring device and the environment monitoring device are in communication connection with the monitoring host. The internal instability precursor monitoring device can complete real-time detection work of slope internal instability deformation, the environment monitoring device can conduct real-time monitoring on the slope environment and conduct precursor early warning according to the environment which can threaten the slope stability, and finally, the slope internal instability early warning device can monitor the slope internal instability deformation in real time and conduct early warning according to the environment which can threaten the slope stability. The monitoring host fuses the surface instability deformation monitoring data and the internal instability deformation monitoring data of the side slope and the environmental monitoring data influencing the stability of the side slope to make early warning, so that the comprehensive monitoring and real-time early warning of the side slope instability are realized, and the occurrence of side slope accidents is effectively prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to coal mine safety monitoring technical field, concretely is a kind of slope instability precursor monitoring system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In open-pit coal mining operation, the stability monitoring of its slope is the core work to ensure safety in production, and the application file with the application number CN202323063052.7 in the patent library discloses a slope safety monitoring system based on guided telemetry information, which comprises a GNSS subsystem for monitoring GNSS monitoring data of a monitoring point to be monitored in an open-pit coal mine slope; a radar monitoring subsystem for monitoring an open-pit coal mine slope to obtain radar monitoring data; a satellite positioning and timing subsystem for adding corresponding time information and position information to the radar monitoring data; a mobile communication subsystem for realizing communication between the radar monitoring subsystem, the GNSS subsystem and a monitoring platform; a satellite communication subsystem for realizing communication between the radar monitoring subsystem, the GNSS subsystem and the monitoring platform through satellite signals in the case of mobile communication failure; and a monitoring platform for calculating and analyzing the GNSS monitoring data and the radar monitoring data containing corresponding time information and position information and generating early warning information, so as to finally realize early warning and monitoring of the safety of the open-pit coal mine slope.

[0003] The slope safety monitoring system disclosed above is to complete slope surface detection through the radar monitoring subsystem and the GNSS subsystem, and the disclosed open-pit coal mine slope monitoring means, such as radar monitoring, GNSS or video monitoring, can only monitor the deformation of the slope surface, and when the slope is threatened by factors such as blasting vibration, stress and underground water, or environmental changes, the system will not be able to make real-time early warning, resulting in that the slope safety monitoring still has limitations. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] To solve the technical problems in the above background art, the utility model provides a slope instability precursor monitoring system.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A slope instability precursor monitoring system comprises a monitoring host and a surface deformation monitoring device, an internal instability precursor monitoring device and an environment monitoring device in communication connection with the monitoring host, wherein the monitoring host is arranged to fuse the monitoring data of the surface deformation monitoring device, the internal instability precursor monitoring device and the environment monitoring device and calculate and analyze to generate early warning information.

[0007] Specifically, the surface deformation monitoring device comprises a laser radar capable of detecting the deformation of the slope surface, and a camera capable of acquiring image information of the slope surface. Through the cooperation of the laser radar and the camera, real-time monitoring of the instability deformation of the slope surface can be achieved. The internal instability precursor monitoring device comprises a group of optical fiber stress sensors capable of monitoring the stress changes of the coal seam / rock stratum, a group of optical fiber inclinometers capable of being embedded in the slope interior for detecting the displacement changes between the coal seam / rock stratum, and a group of microseismic sensors capable of monitoring the vibration magnitude caused by the rupture of the coal seam / rock stratum or blasting. Through the cooperation of the group of optical fiber stress sensors, the group of optical fiber inclinometers and the group of microseismic sensors, real-time detection of the internal instability deformation of the slope can be achieved. The environmental monitoring device comprises a group of optical fiber rain gauges capable of detecting rainfall, and a group of seepage pressure sensors capable of monitoring the underground water seepage pressure data of the coal seam / rock stratum. Through the cooperation of the group of optical fiber rain gauges and the group of seepage pressure sensors, real-time monitoring of the slope environment can be achieved, and precursory warning can be given according to the environment that can threaten the stability of the slope. Ultimately, through the monitoring host, the surface instability deformation monitoring data, the internal instability deformation monitoring data and the environmental monitoring data affecting the stability of the slope are fused to make a warning, realize the all-around monitoring and real-time warning of the slope instability, and effectively prevent the occurrence of slope accidents.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the slope instability precursor monitoring system described above, the group of optical fiber inclinometers comprises a gradient detector and a drive vehicle arranged at one end of the gradient detector. The drive vehicle is arranged to drive the gradient detector to travel in the borehole. The group of optical fiber inclinometers further comprises a detection mechanism arranged to detect the displacement of the drive vehicle in the borehole in real time. On the basis of the above structure, the movement of the gradient detector in the borehole is driven by the drive vehicle, and the real-time position of the drive vehicle is detected by the detection mechanism, so that the monitoring of the displacement change information between the coal seam / rock stratum at different depths or in different depth ranges can be effectively completed, and the internal instability monitoring of the slope can be more accurate and effective.

[0009] In order to reduce the occupied volume of the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism comprises a winding device and a pull rope wound on the winding device. One side of the winding device is further provided with an encoder. The encoder comprises a body and a disc arranged at one side of the body. The body is arranged to detect the number of rotations of the disc. The pull rope is connected with the drive vehicle / gradient detector through the disc. Through the cooperation of the winding device and the drive vehicle, and the work of the encoder, the upward / downward displacement of the drive vehicle along the borehole can be accurately judged, the real-time monitoring of the position of the drive vehicle can be realized, and when the drive vehicle fails or fails, the drive vehicle can also be pulled out by the winding device, thereby avoiding unnecessary monitoring loss.

[0010] As a further preferred, the optical fiber inclinometer group further comprises a protective box, the bottom of which is provided with an opening, the detection mechanism is arranged in the protective box, and the pull rope is connected with the drive vehicle / gradient detector through the opening, the detection mechanism can be protected by the protective box, effectively avoiding the influence of the external environment on the detection mechanism, ensuring the accuracy of the detection result of the detection mechanism, and prolonging the service life of the detection mechanism.

[0011] As a further preferred, the optical fiber inclinometer group further comprises a protective box, the bottom of which is provided with an opening, the detection mechanism is arranged in the protective box, and the pull rope is connected with the drive vehicle / gradient detector through the opening, the detection mechanism can be protected by the protective box, effectively avoiding the influence of the external environment on the detection mechanism, ensuring the accuracy of the detection result of the detection mechanism, and prolonging the service life of the detection mechanism.

[0012] As a further preferred, the optical fiber inclinometer group further comprises a protective box, the bottom of which is provided with an opening, the detection mechanism is arranged in the protective box, and the pull rope is connected with the drive vehicle / gradient detector through the opening, the detection mechanism can be protected by the protective box, effectively avoiding the influence of the external environment on the detection mechanism, ensuring the accuracy of the detection result of the detection mechanism, and prolonging the service life of the detection mechanism.

[0013] Further, in order to facilitate the fixation of the protective box, the bottom thereof is provided with a fixing hole capable of being fixed to the surface of the coal seam / rock stratum, so that the relative position of the protective box and the drill hole is ensured not to change.

[0014] The slope instability precursor monitoring system has the advantages that: through the cooperation of the laser radar and the camera, real-time monitoring of the surface instability deformation of the slope can be realized; through the cooperation of the optical fiber stress sensor group, the optical fiber inclinometer group and the microseismic sensor group, real-time detection of the internal instability deformation of the slope can be realized; through the cooperation of the optical fiber rain gauge group and the osmotic pressure sensor group, the environment of the slope can be monitored in real time, and a precursor warning can be given according to the environment that can threaten the stability of the slope; finally, through the monitoring host, the surface instability deformation monitoring data, the internal instability deformation monitoring data and the environment monitoring data affecting the stability of the slope are fused to make a warning, so that the slope instability is monitored in all directions and real-time warning is realized, and the occurrence of slope accidents is effectively prevented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The scheme and advantages of the present application will become clear to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be limiting to the present application.

[0016] In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the optical fiber inclinometer group in the embodiments.

[0018] Figure 2 Structure diagram of detection mechanism in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 Structure diagram of winding device in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 Structure diagram of encoder in the embodiment;

[0021] Components represented by each reference numeral in the drawings are as follows:

[0022] 1, slope detector; 2, driving vehicle; 3, protection box; 31, opening; 4, detection mechanism; 41, winding device; 411, support; 412, winding shaft; 413, winding motor; 42, encoder; 421, vertical rod; 422, wheel disc; 423, body; 424, horizontal rod; 425, wire pressing wheel; 43, pull rope; 5, fiber arranging mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment

[0025] The embodiment provides a slope instability precursor monitoring system, which comprises a monitoring host and a surface deformation monitoring device, an internal instability precursor monitoring device and an environment monitoring device in communication connection with the monitoring host, wherein the monitoring host is configured to fuse monitoring data of the surface deformation monitoring device, the internal instability precursor monitoring device and the environment monitoring device and calculate and analyze to generate early warning information, and the specific structure and composition of the monitoring system (the above-mentioned slope instability precursor monitoring system) will be described in detail below.

[0026] In the embodiment, the surface deformation monitoring device comprises a laser radar capable of detecting slope surface deformation, and specifically refers to the disclosed "radar monitoring subsystem" in the application file with the application number CN202323063052.7, and the structure of the laser radar will not be described in detail here.

[0027] Further, the surface deformation monitoring device further comprises a camera capable of acquiring slope surface image information, and through cooperation of the laser radar and the camera, real-time monitoring of slope surface instability deformation can be completed.

[0028] In the embodiment, the internal instability precursor monitoring device comprises a fiber optic stress sensor group capable of monitoring stress changes of a coal seam / rock stratum, and the internal structure stress of the coal seam / rock stratum can be monitored in real time through the fiber optic stress sensor group.

[0029] Further, in combination with the above-mentioned internal instability precursor monitoring device, Figure 1The internal instability precursor monitoring device also includes a fiber optic inclinometer group that can be embedded inside the slope to detect displacement changes between coal seams / rock strata. The fiber optic inclinometer group can monitor displacement changes between upper and lower coal seams / rock strata in real time.

[0030] Specifically, the fiber optic inclinometer assembly comprises an inclinometer detector 1 and a drive vehicle 2 at one end. The inclinometer detector 1 can be the universal inclinometer detector 1 disclosed in the applicant's previous application document with application number CN202321563911.6; its structure will not be elaborated further here. The drive vehicle 2 includes a cylindrical body and several drive rollers on its outer ring. Through the cooperation of the drive rollers with the borehole wall, the inclinometer detector 1 can be driven to move within the borehole. The fiber optic inclinometer assembly also includes a detection mechanism 4, which is configured to detect the displacement of the drive vehicle 2 within the borehole in real time. Based on the above structure, by driving the inclinometer detector 1 within the borehole through the drive vehicle 2 and detecting the real-time position of the drive vehicle 2 through the detection mechanism 4, the monitoring of displacement changes between coal seams / rock strata at different depths or within different depth ranges can be effectively completed, ensuring that the monitoring of instability within the slope can be more accurate and effective.

[0031] Furthermore, the fiber optic inclinometer assembly also includes a protective box 3, and the detection mechanism 4 is located inside the protective box 3. The protective box 3 can protect the detection mechanism 4, effectively avoiding the influence of the external environment on the detection mechanism 4, ensuring the accuracy of the detection results of the detection mechanism 4, and improving the service life of the detection mechanism 4.

[0032] To improve the service life of the protective box 3 and ensure its protective effect in harsh environments, the protective box 3 is made of stainless steel.

[0033] To facilitate the fixing of the protective box 3, a fixing hole is provided at the bottom to fix it to the drilling position on the surface of the coal seam / rock stratum, ensuring that its relative position with the drilling hole will not change.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, to reduce the volume occupied by the detection mechanism 4 and facilitate its integration into the protective housing 3, combined with... Figure 2 Specifically, its structure includes a winder 41 and a pull rope 43 wound on the winder 41, and an encoder 42 is also provided on one side of the winder 41.

[0035] Specifically, combining Figure 3The winding device 41 comprises a support 411 and a winding shaft 412 horizontally arranged at the upper end of the support 411, and a winding motor 413 is arranged at one side of the support 411 and connected with the winding shaft 412 in a transmission mode. The winding motor 413 can drive the winding shaft 412 to rotate, thereby completing the winding / unwinding of the pulling rope 43.

[0036] In combination with Figure 4 The encoder 42 comprises a vertical rod 421 and a disc 422 arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod 421 and capable of rotating, the disc 422 is parallel to the rotating shaft of the winding shaft 412, and a body 423 is arranged at one side of the vertical rod 421 and connected with the disc 422 in a transmission mode, and the body 423 is arranged to detect the number of rotations of the disc 422. On the basis of the above structure, the bottom of the protection box 3 is further provided with an opening 31, the pulling rope 43 passes through the disc 422 and the opening 31 and is connected with the driving vehicle 2 / slope detector 1, through the cooperation of the winding device 41 and the driving vehicle 2 and the working of the encoder 42, the driving vehicle 2 can be accurately determined to move upward / downward along the borehole, the position of the driving vehicle 2 can be monitored in real time, and when the driving vehicle 2 fails or has a fault, the driving vehicle 2 can be pulled out by the winding device 41, thereby avoiding unnecessary monitoring loss.

[0037] More preferably, the vertical rod 421 is vertically arranged at one side of the opening 31, the support 411 of the winding device 41 is arranged at the side of the opening 31 away from the vertical rod 421, i.e. the opening 31 is located between the winding device 41 and the encoder 42, in order to ensure the accuracy of the detection result of the encoder 42 and ensure that the pulling rope 43 can smoothly drive the disc 422 to rotate synchronously, a cross rod 424 is further arranged at the side of the vertical rod 421 close to the opening 31, a line pressing wheel 425 is arranged at the outer end of the cross rod 424, the rotating shaft of the line pressing wheel 425 is parallel to the rotating shaft of the disc 422, the pulling rope 43 on the winding device 41 passes through the upper side of the disc 422, the lower side of the disc 422 and the upper side of the line pressing wheel 425 in sequence and passes through the opening 31 and is connected with the driving vehicle 2 / slope detector 1, i.e. the pulling rope 43 is wound from the upper side of the disc 422 to the lower side of the disc 422, then passes through the upper side of the line pressing wheel 425 and is pulled out from the opening 31.

[0038] Further, in order to better drive the slope detector 1 to move in the borehole, a through hole is arranged at the upper end of the protection box 3, and a fiber arranging mechanism 5 is arranged at the upper side of the through hole.

[0039] Specifically, the fiber aligning mechanism 5 includes a housing and two fiber aligning rollers arranged elastically opposite to each other inside the housing, and a fiber outlet hole is arranged on the upper side of the housing corresponding to the position between the two fiber aligning rollers. On the basis of the above structure, the optical fiber connected to the inclination detector 1 passes through the opening 31, the through hole, the space between the two fiber aligning rollers and the fiber outlet hole in sequence. When the driving vehicle 2 drives the inclination detector 1 to ascend / descend in the borehole, the reverse rotation of the two fiber aligning rollers can send the excess optical fiber out of the protection box 3, or complete the arrangement of the optical fiber into the protection box 3, prevent the movement of the inclination detector 1 from damaging the connected optical fiber, and ensure the accuracy of the monitoring result.

[0040] Further, the internal instability precursor monitoring device further includes a microseismic sensor group capable of monitoring the vibration size caused by the rupture of coal seam / rock stratum or blasting. Ultimately, through the cooperation of the optical fiber stress sensor group, the optical fiber inclinometer group and the microseismic sensor group, the real-time detection of the internal instability deformation of the slope can be completed.

[0041] In the embodiment, the environmental monitoring device includes an optical fiber rain gauge group capable of detecting rainfall, and a seepage pressure sensor group capable of monitoring the underground water seepage pressure data of the coal seam / rock stratum. Through the cooperation of the optical fiber rain gauge group and the seepage pressure sensor group, the environment of the slope can be monitored in real time, and a precursor warning can be given according to the environment that can threaten the stability of the slope. Ultimately, through the monitoring host, the surface instability deformation monitoring data, the internal instability deformation monitoring data and the environmental monitoring data affecting the stability of the slope are fused to make a warning, realize the all-around monitoring and real-time warning of the slope instability, and effectively prevent the occurrence of slope accidents.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring precursors of slope instability, characterized in that, The monitoring host is connected with a surface deformation monitoring device, an internal instability precursor monitoring device and an environment monitoring device, and is configured to fuse the monitoring data of the surface deformation monitoring device, the internal instability precursor monitoring device and the environment monitoring device, and to calculate and analyze to generate early warning information. The surface deformation monitoring device comprises a laser radar capable of detecting the deformation of the slope surface, and a camera capable of acquiring image information of the slope surface. The internal instability precursor monitoring device comprises a group of optical fiber stress sensors capable of monitoring the stress change of the coal seam / rock stratum, a group of optical fiber inclinometers capable of being embedded in the internal slope and detecting the displacement change between the coal seam / rock stratum, and a group of microseismic sensors capable of monitoring the vibration size caused by the rupture of the coal seam / rock stratum or blasting. The environment monitoring device comprises a group of optical fiber rain gauges capable of detecting rainfall, and a group of seepage pressure sensors capable of monitoring the underground water seepage pressure data of the coal seam / rock stratum.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The group of optical fiber inclinometers comprises a slope detector (1) and a driving vehicle (2) arranged at one end of the slope detector (1), and the driving vehicle (2) is configured to drive the slope detector (1) to travel in the borehole. The group of optical fiber inclinometers further comprises a detection mechanism (4) configured to detect the displacement of the driving vehicle (2) in the borehole in real time.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein, The detection mechanism (4) comprises a winding device (41) and a pull rope (43) wound on the winding device (41). One side of the winding device (41) is further provided with an encoder (42), and the encoder (42) comprises a body (423) and a wheel disc (422) on one side of the body (423), the body (423) is configured to detect the number of rotations of the wheel disc (422), and the pull rope (43) passes through the wheel disc (422) and is connected with the driving vehicle (2) / slope detector (1).

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein, The group of optical fiber inclinometers further comprises a protection box (3) provided with an opening (31) at the bottom. The detection mechanism (4) is arranged in the protection box (3), and the pull rope (43) passes through the opening (31) and is connected with the driving vehicle (2) / slope detector (1).

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein, The encoder (42) further comprises a vertical rod (421) arranged on one side of the opening (31), and the body (423) and the wheel disc (422) are arranged on the upper end of the vertical rod (421). The winding device (41) is arranged on the side of the opening (31) away from the vertical rod (421). The vertical rod (421) is further provided with a horizontal rod (424) near the side of the opening (31), the outer end of the horizontal rod (424) is provided with a wire pressing wheel (425), and the pull rope (43) passes through the wheel disc (422) on the upper side, the wheel disc (422) on the lower side and the wire pressing wheel (425) on the upper side in sequence, and is connected with the driving vehicle (2) / slope detector (1) through the opening (31).

6. The system according to claim 4, wherein, The protection box (3) is made of stainless steel.

7. The system of claim 4, wherein, The bottom of the protection box (3) is provided with a fixing hole capable of being fixed to the surface of the coal seam / rock stratum.

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