Nozzle for an arc plasma torch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of nozzles of arc plasma gun, including nozzle body, the nozzle body is equipped with central arc passage and cooling water channel;Cooling water channel includes annular cooling water channel of bottom and multiple vertical cooling water channels arranged along nozzle body circumference, the bottom of each vertical cooling water channel is communicated with annular cooling water channel, the top of each vertical cooling water channel is communicated with the water inlet passage or water outlet passage of plasma gun in nozzle body top end;The center of each vertical cooling water channel is on the same circle, multiple vertical cooling water channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the same circle, and the interval distance between adjacent two vertical cooling water channels is 0.5-2 millimeters.The flow rate of cooling water in the nozzle cooling water channel is relatively fast, the temperature of the entering cooling water is relatively low, and the mixing and residence phenomenon of the water with higher temperature after absorbing heat is relatively less.The heat exchange efficiency is high, and the cooling effect is good.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the electric arc plasma generating device among arc plasma gun, especially a nozzle of arc plasma gun. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electric arc plasma generating device such as arc plasma gun has the characteristics such as high temperature, energy density, is widely used in superfine powder preparation, welding and spraying and other fields. Plasma gun generally serves in high temperature or super high temperature environment, especially the nozzle of the anode is the first to face high temperature or super high temperature, so, the nozzle of the arc plasma gun of prior art, all are equipped with cooling water channel.

[0003] The size and position of the cooling water channel of prior art nozzle are quite different, but the basic structure is all annular cooling water cavity arranged in the nozzle body, and the annular cooling water cavity is connected with one water inlet pipe and one water outlet pipe.

[0004] But in the actual use process of many years, the nozzle of the arc plasma gun of above prior art still has the following deficiencies: 1, although the annular cooling water cavity has relatively large contact area with the nozzle, but because generally one water pipe in, one water pipe out, the flow rate of the annular cooling water cavity is not fast, and the heat exchange efficiency is relatively low, which affects the cooling effect. 2, the temperature of the water entering is relatively low, and the temperature of the water absorbing the high temperature of the nozzle is relatively high, which is always mixed and stays in the relatively large annular cooling water cavity, and the heat exchange efficiency is relatively low, which also affects the cooling effect. 3, the annular cooling water cavity of prior art is evenly cooled in 360 degrees, and theoretically the temperature of the nozzle is balanced and consistent in 360 degrees, but in the actual working process of the nozzle of the arc plasma gun, the flame is often eccentric due to installation differences or unexpected factors such as gas combustion ratio of certain angle being sufficient than other arc segments, and it is easy to intermittently ablate abnormally to a certain part, thereby causing irreversible damage to the nozzle of the arc plasma gun. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a nozzle of arc plasma gun, wherein the flow rate of cooling water in the cooling water channel is relatively fast, and the mixing and staying phenomenon of the water with relatively low temperature entering and the water with relatively high temperature after absorbing heat is relatively less.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is to provide a nozzle of arc plasma gun, which comprises a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body is provided with a central arc channel and a cooling water channel; the cooling water channel comprises an annular cooling water channel at the bottom and a plurality of vertical cooling water channels arranged along the circumference of the nozzle body, the bottom end of each vertical cooling water channel is communicated with the annular cooling water channel at the bottom, and the top end of each vertical cooling water channel is communicated with the water inlet channel or water outlet channel of the plasma gun at the top end of the nozzle body.

[0007] Adopt the above structure, the nozzle of the electric arc plasma gun has the following advantages:

[0008] Since only the nozzle bottom is the annular cooling water channel, and the cooling water channel of the nozzle body is a plurality of vertical cooling water channels arranged along the circumference, that is, the main body of the cooling water channel is a plurality of vertical cooling water channels arranged along the circumference, and each vertical cooling water channel is either water inlet or water outlet, and is flowing water, the flow rate of the main body of the cooling water channel of the nozzle body is significantly increased, the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, and the cooling effect is greatly improved.

[0009] In addition, one of the main functions of the bottom annular cooling water channel is to connect the plurality of water inlet vertical cooling water channels and the plurality of water outlet vertical cooling water channels, so that the main body of the cooling water channel of the nozzle is either water inlet or water outlet, the temperature of the water entering is relatively low, and it is difficult for the water with relatively high temperature absorbed by the nozzle to mix and stay in the cooling water channel of the nozzle, which further greatly improves the heat exchange efficiency and greatly improves the cooling effect.

[0010] Another main function of the bottom annular cooling water channel is that the flow rate of the water in the bottom annular cooling water channel is significantly increased, and there is basically no phenomenon of mixing and staying of water with relatively low temperature and water with relatively high temperature, the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, and the cooling effect is greatly improved, so the bottom annular cooling water channel effectively and specifically cools the nozzle temperature highest nozzle part at the outlet of the electric arc channel, effectively prevents and even avoids the phenomenon of anode nozzle being ablated.

[0011] Further, the cross section of each vertical cooling water channel is circular, the center lines of the vertical cooling water channels are in the annular cooling water channel, the plurality of vertical cooling water channels are distributed along the circumference, and the distance between the adjacent two vertical cooling water channels is 0.5-5mm. After adopting the above structure, the distance between the adjacent two vertical cooling water channels is relatively small, so that the plurality of vertical cooling water channels distributed along the circumference are close to the whole circle to a large extent, and each vertical cooling water channel is circular, so that under the premise of ensuring that the flow rate of the cooling water channel of the nozzle is significantly increased and the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, the total contact area of the cooling water and the nozzle body is also relatively increased compared with the annular cooling water cavity of the prior art, such as each vertical cooling water channel in the plurality of vertical cooling water channels being 360° in contact with the nozzle body, and the annular cooling water cavity of the prior art only having the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface in contact with the nozzle body, two 360° annular surfaces, which further improves the cooling effect.

[0012] Further, the center of each vertical cooling water channel is on the same circle, and multiple vertical cooling water channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the same circle, and the interval distance between two adjacent vertical cooling water channels is 0.5-2 mm. After adopting the above structure, the interval distance between two adjacent vertical cooling water channels is as small as possible, and multiple vertical cooling water channels along the same circle are maximized to approach a whole circle, and multiple vertical cooling water channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the same circle. Thus, under the premise of ensuring that the flow rate of the cooling water channel of the nozzle is significantly accelerated and the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, the total contact area between the cooling water and the nozzle body is further increased compared with the annular cooling water cavity of the prior art, and the cooling effect is further improved.

[0013] Further, the number of water inlet channels in the multiple vertical cooling water channels and the number of water outlet channels are the same. After adopting the above structure, the required cooling water channel flow rate and heat exchange efficiency under normal circumstances can be ensured, and the excellent cooling effect is further ensured, and the assembly process of the nozzle is also relatively convenient.

[0014] Further, the water inlet channels and the water outlet channels are distributed along the circumference as follows: multiple, such as four, water inlet channels are arranged in series, multiple, such as four, water outlet channels are arranged in series, multiple, such as four, water inlet channels are arranged in series, and multiple, such as four, water outlet channels are arranged in series. After adopting the above structure, in addition to the technical effects described above, there are two advantages. First, it can prepare for the arrangement of one water inlet channel of the plasma gun connected to several water inlet channels and one water outlet channel of the plasma gun connected to several water outlet channels, so that the process of manufacturing the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel of the plasma gun is relatively simple and convenient. Second, even if the flame of the arc plasma gun is eccentric during actual operation due to installation differences or unexpected factors such as a certain angle of gas combustion winding being relatively sufficient compared to other arc segments, or it is realized that there may be intermittent abnormal ablation of a certain part, multiple water inlet channels can be arranged in series in the arc segment to increase the cooling effect of the arc segment, thereby effectively preventing or avoiding the phenomenon of anode nozzle ablation and preventing or avoiding damage to the nozzle of the arc plasma gun.

[0015] Further, the water inlet channels correspond to the water inlet channels of the plasma gun, and the water outlet channels correspond to the water outlet channels of the plasma gun; or, the number of water inlet channels corresponds to the number of water inlet channels of the plasma gun and one-to-one, and the number of water outlet channels corresponds to the number of water outlet channels of the plasma gun and one-to-one. The multiple water inlet channels correspond to one water inlet channel, for example. After adopting the above structure, the former has the above technical effects, and the processing of the plasma gun body is relatively simple and convenient. The latter has a more uniform cooling effect, but the processing difficulty of the plasma gun body is relatively large.

[0016] Further, the water inlet channels and the water outlet channels are arranged along the circumference at intervals. Namely, one water inlet channel, one water outlet channel, and one water inlet channel are arranged along the circumference. After the above structure is adopted, another specific embodiment is provided, and compared with the above corresponding embodiment, the cooling uniformity along the circumference of the nozzle is relatively good, but the difficulty of machining the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel of the body of the plasma gun is relatively increased.

[0017] Further, the top end of each water inlet channel is communicated with the bottom end of the water inlet channel of the corresponding plasma gun through the outward inclined channel, and the top end of each water outlet channel is communicated with the bottom end of the water outlet channel of the corresponding plasma gun through the outward inclined channel. After the above structure is adopted, the structure that the diameter of the nozzle is small and the diameter of the body of the arc plasma gun is large can be adapted, and the water inlet channel, the water inlet channel, the water outlet channel, and the water outlet channel are all in the vertical state, so as to further ensure the technical effects described above.

[0018] Further, the bottom end of the annular cooling water channel is fixed with a bottom end annular sealing plate. After the above structure is adopted, the machining process of digging an annular groove at the bottom of the nozzle and then adding a sealing plate instead of directly machining an annular channel can be adopted, so that the machining of the nozzle is relatively simple and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a vertical sectional structure schematic diagram of an arc plasma gun provided with one embodiment of the nozzle of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged structure schematic diagram in A-A direction.

[0021] Figure 3 is a vertical sectional structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the nozzle of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a sectional structure schematic diagram in B-B direction.

[0023] In the drawings:

[0024] 1, the body, 11, the body, 12, the gas inlet pipe, 13, the cathode water inlet pipe, 14, the cathode water outlet pipe, 15, the water inlet channel, 16, the water outlet channel;

[0025] 2, the nozzle, 21, the nozzle body, 211, the inner nozzle, 212, the outer nozzle, 213, the bottom end annular sealing plate, 22, the arc channel, 23, the cooling water channel, 231, the annular cooling water channel, 232, the vertical cooling water channel, 2321, the water inlet channel, 2322, the water outlet channel, 233, the inclined channel, 24, the circle;

[0026] 3. Cathode, 31. Electrode base, 311. Cooling water cavity, 32. Cathode tip;

[0027] 4. Gas distributor, 41. Swirl chamber, 411. Spiral channel; 42. Outer sleeve, 43. Sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings. It needs to be declared here that the description of these specific embodiments is used to help understand the present application, but does not constitute a limitation on the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in each specific embodiment of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0030] First, a prior art arc plasma gun is briefly introduced, which includes a gun body 1, a nozzle 2 of an anode, a cathode 3 and a gas distributor 4. The gun body 1 includes a gun body body 11. The nozzle 2 includes a nozzle body 21, such as an inner nozzle 211 and an outer nozzle 212, and the inner nozzle 211 can be interference fitted inside the outer nozzle 212. The use of the inner nozzle 211 and the outer nozzle 212 generally means that different materials of metal can be selected, which can not only make the inner nozzle 211 not easily deformed by high temperature, but also correspondingly reduce the material and processing cost of the outer nozzle 212. The center of the inner nozzle 211 constitutes a circular arc passage 22. The cathode 3 generally includes an electrode base 31 and a cathode tip 32 which is clamped and fixed, such as interference fitted, at the bottom center of the electrode base 31. The electrode base 31 is also called an electrode seat or a cathode body, and the cathode tip 32 is also called a cathode head or an electrode. The electrode base 31 can be provided with a cooling water cavity 311, and the cooling water cavity 311 is connected with a cathode water inlet pipe 13 and a cathode water outlet pipe 14 which extend out of the top end of the gun body body 11. The gas distributor 4 made of insulating material is provided between the electrode base 31 and the top end of the inner nozzle 211, which is a swirl chamber 41 inside and a coaxial outer sleeve 42 outside. A sealing ring 43 can be provided between the top end of the inner nozzle 211 and the outer sleeve 42, and a sealing ring 43 can also be provided between the top end of the inner nozzle 211 and the gun body body 11. The spiral channel 411 of the swirl chamber 41 is connected with the gas inlet pipe 12 or the gas inlet passage of the plasma gun upwardly, and the gas inlet pipe 12 extends out of the top end of the gun body body 11 to connect with a working gas such as nitrogen, argon and the like which generates plasma arc. The spiral channel 411 of the swirl chamber 41 is connected with the top end of the arc passage 22 downwardly, that is, the working gas flows through the channel between the cathode tip 32 and the inner nozzle 211 through the spiral channel 411 and is sprayed out from the bottom end of the arc passage 22.

[0031] An embodiment of the nozzle of the electric arc plasma gun of this utility model includes the nozzle body 21 described above. The nozzle body is provided with a central electric arc channel 22 and a cooling water channel 23. The cooling water channel 23 includes a bottom annular cooling water channel 231 and multiple vertical cooling water channels 232 arranged along the circumference of the nozzle body 21. The bottom end of each vertical cooling water channel 232 is connected to the bottom annular cooling water channel 231, and the top end of each vertical cooling water channel 232 is connected to the water inlet channel 15 or water outlet channel 16 of the plasma gun at the top of the nozzle body 21. It is easy to understand that the water inlet channel 15 refers to the water inlet channel of the anode, and the water outlet channel 16 refers to the water outlet channel of the anode.

[0032] Preferably, the cross-section of each vertical cooling channel 232 is circular, and the extended line of the center of each vertical cooling channel 232 can be within the annular cooling channel 231. Multiple vertical cooling channels 232 are distributed along the circumference, and the interval between two adjacent vertical cooling channels 232 can be 0.5-5 mm.

[0033] In a further preferred embodiment, the center of each vertical cooling channel 232 is on the same circle 24, and multiple vertical cooling channels 232 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the same circle 24. The distance between two adjacent vertical cooling channels 232 can be 0.5-2 mm.

[0034] It is easy to understand that the so-called same circle 24 refers to a circle 24 within the nozzle body 21, which is concentric with the arc channel 22. The centers of all vertical cooling water channels 232 can be on this circle 24.

[0035] The number of vertical cooling water channels 232 can be 10-20, such as... Figure 4 The 16 items shown.

[0036] The number of water inlet channels 2321 connected to the water inlet channel 15 and the number of water outlet channels 2322 connected to the water outlet channel 16 in the multiple vertical cooling water channels 232 can be the same, such as Figure 4 The examples shown all have 8 entries.

[0037] In one embodiment: the inlet channel 2321 and the outlet channel 2322 are distributed along the circumference at the following positions: as follows: Figure 4 As shown, multiple water inlets 232 (e.g., four) are arranged continuously, multiple water outlets 2322 (e.g., four) are arranged continuously, then multiple water inlets 231 (e.g., four) are arranged continuously, and then multiple water outlets 2322 (e.g., four) are arranged continuously. Each water inlet 2321 corresponds to one water inlet channel 15 of the plasma gun; for example, four water inlets 2321 correspond to one water inlet channel 15. Similarly, each water outlet 2322 corresponds to one water outlet channel 16 of the plasma gun; for example, four water outlets 2322 correspond to one water outlet channel 16.

[0038] Another embodiment: the water inlet channels and the water outlet channels are arranged along the circumference. For example, one water inlet channel, one water outlet channel, another water inlet channel, another water outlet channel, and so on. The water inlet channels are equal in number to the water inlet passages of the plasma torch and correspond to the water inlet passages of the plasma torch one by one. The water outlet channels are equal in number to the water outlet passages of the plasma torch and correspond to the water outlet passages of the plasma torch one by one. Since the arrangement structure of this another embodiment is easy to understand, the structure is not shown in the figure.

[0039] The top end of each water inlet channel 2321 is communicated with the bottom end of the water inlet passage 15 of the corresponding plasma torch through the outward inclined channel 233. The top end of each water outlet channel 2322 is communicated with the bottom end of the water outlet passage 16 of the corresponding plasma torch through the outward inclined channel 233. It is easy to understand that in this way, the water inlet channel 2321 and the water outlet channel 2322 of the nozzle body 21 are both vertical channels, and the water inlet passage 15 and the water outlet passage 16 of the plasma torch are also both vertical channels.

[0040] The bottom end of the annular cooling water channel 231 is fixed with a bottom end annular sealing plate 213, and the bottom end annular sealing plate 213 can be fixed with the bottom end of the outer nozzle 212 by interference fit or welding.

[0041] The water inlet passage 15 of the plasma torch can also be described as the water inlet passage 15 of the torch body 1 of the plasma torch. The water outlet passage 16 of the plasma torch can also be described as the water outlet passage 16 of the torch body 1 of the plasma torch. The water outlet passage 16 can also be called a return water passage. In order to facilitate description, the torch body 11, the gas inlet pipe 12, the cathode water inlet pipe 13, the cathode water outlet pipe 14, the water inlet passage 15, and the water outlet passage 16 are all classified as the torch body 1.

[0042] The above-mentioned parts, structures, or quantities not marked in the figure are not shown in the figure, and some parts are not marked in the figure. The figure is only schematic, and if there is any inconsistency between the figure and the text description or between the figures, the text description shall prevail.

[0043] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A nozzle for an arc plasma gun, comprising a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body is provided with a central arc channel and a cooling water channel; characterized in that: The cooling channel includes a bottom annular cooling channel and multiple vertical cooling channels arranged around the circumference of the nozzle body. The bottom end of each vertical cooling channel is connected to the bottom annular cooling channel, and the top end of each vertical cooling channel is connected to the inlet or outlet channel of the plasma gun at the top of the nozzle body.

2. The nozzle of the arc plasma gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each vertical cooling channel has a circular cross-section, and the extended line of the center of each vertical cooling channel is inside the annular cooling channel. Multiple vertical cooling channels are distributed along the circumference, and the distance between two adjacent vertical cooling channels is 0.5-5 mm.

3. The nozzle of the arc plasma gun according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center of each vertical cooling channel is on the same circle, and multiple vertical cooling channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the same circle. The distance between two adjacent vertical cooling channels is 0.5-2 mm.

4. The nozzle of the arc plasma gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of water inlet channels connected to the water inlet channel and the number of water outlet channels connected to the water outlet channel are the same among the multiple vertical cooling water channels.

5. The nozzle of the arc plasma gun according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet waterways are distributed along the circumference in the following order: multiple inlet waterways are arranged in a continuous sequence, multiple outlet waterways are arranged in a continuous sequence, multiple inlet waterways are arranged in a continuous sequence, and then multiple outlet waterways are arranged in a continuous sequence.

6. The nozzle of the arc plasma gun according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet water channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference.

7. The nozzle of the arc plasma gun according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The water inlet channel corresponds to the water inlet channel of the plasma gun in one or more ways, and the water outlet channel corresponds to the water outlet channel of the plasma gun in one or more ways; or, the number of water inlet channels and the number of water outlet channels are equal and correspond one-to-one with the number of water inlet channels of the plasma gun, and the number of water outlet channels and the number of water outlet channels are equal and correspond one-to-one with the number of water outlet channels of the plasma gun.

8. The nozzle of the arc plasma gun according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of each inlet channel is connected to the bottom of the corresponding plasma gun's inlet channel via an outward-facing upward-facing oblique channel; the top of each outlet channel is connected to the bottom of its respective plasma gun's outlet channel via an outward-facing upward-facing oblique channel.

9. The nozzle of the arc plasma gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the annular cooling water channel is fixed with a bottom annular sealing plate.

Images