Machine tool clamping device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a machine tool clamping device, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool clamps. Comprising a body, a transition mechanism arranged on the body and used for being connected with a machine tool spindle, a positioning block arranged on the body, a pull rod movably arranged at the axis of the body, a plurality of supporting blocks arranged on the body and distributed around the axis of the body, clamping mechanisms corresponding to the supporting blocks and arranged on the supporting blocks, and clamping pieces arranged on the clamping mechanisms and used for clamping workpieces. The positioning block is used for positioning a workpiece before clamping, the pull rod is driven to move on the body through the air cylinder or the hydraulic rod which is arranged on a machine tool and serves as a clamping power element, then the pull rod drives the clamping mechanisms on the supporting blocks to swing, and finally the workpiece is clamped through the clamping piece. The clamp has the advantages of being rapid in clamping and wide in application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a machine tool clamping device, belonging to the field of machine tool fixture technology. Background Technology

[0002] Shaft parts are one of the main parts in CNC machining, and machine tool fixtures are important equipment for intelligent manufacturing. There is a huge market demand for efficient shaft machining machine tool fixtures. General-purpose fixtures suitable for lathe machining are mainly three-jaw chucks with automatic centering and four-jaw chucks with certain adjustment functions. Special fixtures are mainly of the following types: spindle type, disc type, angle iron type, etc.

[0003] Currently, the main types of automatic positioning fixtures suitable for lathe machining are three-jaw and four-jaw chucks. As general-purpose machine tool fixtures, their main shortcomings are fixed structure, single purpose, complex alignment, and the need to use dial indicator tools, which makes the installation process complicated and time-consuming. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a machine tool clamping device with the advantages of fast clamping and wide applicability. It solves the problems of current three-jaw and four-jaw chucks as general machine tool fixtures having a fixed structure, single use, and complicated and time-consuming installation process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives / to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a machine tool clamping device, comprising: a body, a transition mechanism disposed on the body for connecting the machine tool spindle, a positioning block disposed on the body, a pull rod movably disposed at the axis of the body, a plurality of support blocks disposed on the body and distributed around the axis of the body, a clamping mechanism corresponding to the support blocks and disposed on the support blocks, and a clamping member disposed on the clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece;

[0006] One end of the pull rod is connected to a cylinder or hydraulic rod on the machine tool as a clamping power element, and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism.

[0007] The pull rod cooperates with and is guided by the body. Driven by the clamping power element, the pull rod drives the clamping mechanism to swing.

[0008] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes a connecting rod and a pressure plate;

[0009] The pressure plate is rotatably connected to the support block;

[0010] One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the pressure plate, and the other end is hinged to the pull rod;

[0011] The end of the pressure plate furthest from the connecting rod is connected to the clamping member.

[0012] Optionally, the pull rod includes a main rod and a cap;

[0013] One end of the main rod is connected to the clamping power element, and the other end is connected to the cap;

[0014] The cap is provided with multiple positioning slots in the radial direction that are adapted to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod passes through the positioning slots and is hinged to the main rod.

[0015] Optionally, the connecting rod includes a rod body and an extension rod disposed on the rod body;

[0016] One end of the rod is hinged to the pressure plate, and the other end is threaded to the extension rod;

[0017] The end of the extension rod away from the rod body is a ball head, and the pull rod is provided with a groove that matches the ball head. The extension rod and the pull rod are connected by a ball hinge, and the length of the entire connecting rod can be adjusted by rotating the extension rod.

[0018] Optionally, the clamping member includes a chuck and a clamping connecting rod;

[0019] One end of the clamping connecting rod is connected to the pressure plate, and the other end is connected to the clamp.

[0020] Optionally, the chuck has a stop at its bottom for positioning and clamping a cylindrical workpiece or for clamping the precision-machined cylindrical positioning and clamping surface of a support ring.

[0021] Optionally, the bottom of the chuck is flat, which facilitates clamping non-circular or square workpieces.

[0022] Optionally, the end of the pressure plate away from the connecting rod is provided with a rotating groove, the clamping connecting rod is matched with the rotating groove and is provided with an oblong through hole, and the oblong through hole is fixedly connected to the rotating groove by a positioning screw;

[0023] The connection between the chuck and the clamping connecting rod is provided with a spherical groove. A spherical washer for floating adjustment of the chuck position is movably sleeved on the clamping connecting rod. The spherical washer matches the spherical groove. Through the cooperation of the waist-shaped through hole and the spherical washer, the chuck can be floating and adjusted.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0025] This invention utilizes positioning blocks to position the workpiece before clamping. A cylinder or hydraulic rod, which serves as the clamping power element on the machine tool, drives a pull rod to move on the main body, thereby causing the pull rod to swing the clamping mechanism on multiple support blocks. Finally, the workpiece is clamped through the clamping components. It has the advantages of fast clamping and wide applicability, and solves the problems of current three-jaw and four-jaw chucks, which are general-purpose machine tool fixtures with fixed structures, single uses, and complex and time-consuming installation processes. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a machine tool clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism in a machine tool clamping device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram (bottom plane of the chuck) of a clamping component in a machine tool clamping device according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a machine tool clamping device in a clamping state according to an embodiment of the present invention (for non-circular or square workpieces).

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism in a machine tool clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention (showing the rod body and extension rod);

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping component in a machine tool clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention (showing the stop).

[0032] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating a machine tool clamping device in a clamping state according to an embodiment of the present invention (for cylindrical workpieces).

[0033] Figure 8 This is a front view structural diagram of a cap in a machine tool clamping device provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a rear view structural diagram of the cap in a machine tool clamping device provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Body; 2. Transition mechanism; 3. Pull rod; 301. Main rod; 302. Cap; 303. Positioning groove; 304. Positioning stop; 305. Annular groove; 4. Positioning block; 5. Support block; 6. Clamping mechanism; 601. Connecting rod; 6011. Rod body; 6012. Extension rod; 602. Pressure plate; 7. Clamping component; 701. Chuck; 702. Clamping connecting rod; 8. Stop; 9. Rotary groove; 10. Waist-shaped through hole; 11. Positioning screw; 12. Spherical groove; 13. Spherical washer; 14. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, a machine tool clamping device includes: a body 1, a transition mechanism 2, a pull rod 3, a positioning block 4, multiple support blocks 5, a clamping mechanism 6, and a clamping component 7;

[0038] The positioning block 4 is installed on one side of the body 1 and is used to axially position the workpiece 14; the transition mechanism 2 is installed on the other side of the body 1 and is used to connect the machine tool spindle. In this embodiment, the transition mechanism 2 is a transition plate, which realizes the coaxial transition connection between the machine tool and the body.

[0039] The pull rod 3 is movably located at the axis of the body 1. Multiple support blocks 5 are fixed to the body 1 and on the same side as the positioning block 4. The multiple support blocks 5 are evenly distributed around the axis of the body 1. The clamping mechanism 6 is adapted to the support blocks 5. Each of the multiple support blocks 5 is provided with a clamping mechanism 6. The clamping member 7 is provided on the clamping mechanism 6 and is used to hold the workpiece 14.

[0040] One end of the pull rod 3 is connected to the cylinder or hydraulic rod on the machine tool as a clamping power element, and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism 6.

[0041] Pull rod 3 cooperates with and is guided by the body 1. Driven by the clamping power element, pull rod 3 drives the clamping mechanism 6 to swing. Specifically:

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, there are four support blocks 5, so there are four clamping mechanisms 6. The clamping mechanism 6 includes a connecting rod 601 and a pressure plate 602, wherein the pressure plate 602 is rotatably connected to the support block 5.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the pull rod 3 includes a main rod 301 and a cap 302. A through groove (not shown) is provided at the axis of the body 1. The main rod 301 is slidably installed in the through groove. One end of the main rod 301 is connected to the clamping power element, and the other end is connected to the cap 302 through a fastener.

[0044] like Figure 8 As shown, the cap 302 has multiple positioning grooves 303 that are evenly distributed radially to match the connecting rod 601;

[0045] In this example, there are four positioning slots 303. One end of the connecting rod 601 is hinged to the pressure plate 602, and the other end passes through the positioning slot 303 and is hinged to the main rod 301. The end of the pressure plate 602 away from the connecting rod 601 is connected to the clamping member 7.

[0046] The clamping component 7 includes a chuck 701 and a clamping connecting rod 702. One end of the clamping connecting rod 702 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 602, and the other end is fixedly connected to the chuck 701. Specifically:

[0047] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the bottom of the chuck 701 is flat, which facilitates clamping non-circular or square workpieces 14. The end of the pressure plate 602 away from the connecting rod 601 is provided with a rotating groove 9. The clamping connecting rod 702 matches the rotating groove 9 and has an oblong through hole 10. The oblong through hole 10 is fixed to the rotating groove 9 by a positioning screw 11. A spherical groove 12 is provided at the connection between the chuck 701 and the clamping connecting rod 702. A spherical washer 13 is movably sleeved on the clamping connecting rod 702. The spherical washer 13 matches the spherical groove 12. Through the cooperation of the oblong through hole 10 and the spherical washer 13, the position of the chuck 701 can be adjusted by floating. Example 2

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, a machine tool clamping device includes: a body 1, a transition mechanism 2, a pull rod 3, a positioning block 4, multiple support blocks 5, a clamping mechanism 6, and a clamping component 7;

[0049] The positioning block 4 is installed on one side of the body 1 and is used to axially position the workpiece 14; the transition mechanism 2 is installed on the other side of the body 1 and is used to connect the machine tool spindle. In this embodiment, the transition mechanism 2 is a transition plate, which realizes the coaxial transition connection between the machine tool and the body.

[0050] The pull rod 3 is movably located at the axis of the body 1. Multiple support blocks 5 are fixed to the body 1 and on the same side as the positioning block 4. The multiple support blocks 5 are evenly distributed around the axis of the body 1. The clamping mechanism 6 is adapted to the support blocks 5. Each of the multiple support blocks 5 is provided with a clamping mechanism 6. The clamping member 7 is provided on the clamping mechanism 6 and is used to hold the workpiece 14.

[0051] One end of the pull rod 3 is connected to the cylinder or hydraulic rod on the machine tool as a clamping power element, and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism 6.

[0052] Pull rod 3 cooperates with and is guided by the body 1. Driven by the clamping power element, pull rod 3 drives the clamping mechanism 6 to swing. Specifically:

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, there are four support blocks 5, so there are four clamping mechanisms 6. The clamping mechanism 6 includes a connecting rod 601 and a pressure plate 602, wherein the pressure plate 602 is rotatably connected to the support block 5.

[0054] The pull rod 3 includes a main rod 301 and a cap 302. A through groove (not shown) is provided at the axis of the body 1. The main rod 301 is slidably installed in the through groove. One end of the main rod 301 is connected to the clamping power element, and the other end is connected to the cap 302.

[0055] like Figure 9As shown, a positioning stop 304 is provided on the circumferential side of the back of the cap 302. The cap 302 is connected to the main rod 301 through the positioning stop 304 and fasteners.

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown, the cap 302 has multiple positioning grooves 303 that are evenly distributed radially to match the connecting rod 601;

[0057] In this example, there are four positioning slots 303. One end of the connecting rod 601 is hinged to the pressure plate 602, and the other end passes through the positioning slot 303 and is hinged to the main rod 301. The end of the pressure plate 602 away from the connecting rod 601 is connected to the clamping member 7.

[0058] To improve applicability, in this example, the connecting rod 601 includes a rod body 6011 and an extension rod 6012 disposed on the rod body 6011;

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, one end of the rod 6011 is hinged to the pressure plate 602, and the other end is threaded to the extension rod 6012. The length of the connecting rod 601 can be adjusted by rotating the extension rod 6012.

[0060] Among them, the end of the extension rod 6012 away from the rod body 6011 is a ball head, and the front end of the main rod 301 is provided with a groove that matches the ball head. The extension rod 6012 and the pull rod 3 form a ball hinge connection.

[0061] like Figure 9 As shown, an annular groove 305 is provided on the inner side of the back of the cap 302. The annular groove 305 matches the groove at the front end of the main rod 301, so that the ball head of the extension rod 6012 maintains a suitable distance from the groove on the main rod 301, and the ball hinge can rotate flexibly.

[0062] The clamping component 7 includes a chuck 701 and a clamping connecting rod 702. One end of the clamping connecting rod 702 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 602, and the other end is fixedly connected to the chuck 701. Specifically:

[0063] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the chuck 701 has a stop 8 at its bottom for clamping the cylindrical workpiece 14 or for facilitating self-machining of the positioning surface by using a clamping support ring (not shown) to improve positioning accuracy; the pressure plate 602 has a rotating groove 9 at one end away from the connecting rod 601, the clamping connecting rod 702 matches the rotating groove 9 and has a waist-shaped through hole 10, the waist-shaped through hole 10 is fixed to the rotating groove 9 by a positioning screw 11; the connection between the chuck 701 and the clamping connecting rod 702 has a spherical groove 12, and a spherical washer 13 is movably sleeved on the clamping connecting rod 702, the spherical washer 13 matches the spherical groove 12, and the position of the chuck 701 can be adjusted by floating through the cooperation of the waist-shaped through hole 10 and the spherical washer 13.

[0064] Working principle

[0065] Positioning block 4 is used to position workpiece 14 before clamping. The cylinder or hydraulic rod on the machine tool, which serves as the clamping power element, drives the pull rod 3 to move in the through groove of the body 1. This causes the pull rod 3 to drive the clamping mechanism 6 on multiple support blocks 5 to swing. The connecting rod 601, driven by the pull rod 3, drives the pressure plate 602 to swing on the support block 5. Finally, the pressure plate 602 drives the chuck 701 to clamp the workpiece 14.

[0066] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0067] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A machine tool clamping device, characterized in that, include: The main body (1), the transition mechanism (2) provided on the main body (1) for connecting the machine tool spindle, the positioning block (4) provided on the main body (1), the pull rod (3) movably provided at the axis of the main body (1), multiple support blocks (5) provided on the main body (1) and distributed around the axis of the main body (1), the clamping mechanism (6) corresponding to the support block (5) and provided on the support block (5), and the clamping member (7) provided on the clamping mechanism (6) for clamping the workpiece; One end of the pull rod (3) is connected to the cylinder or hydraulic rod on the machine tool as a clamping power element, and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism (6); The pull rod (3) cooperates with and is guided by the body (1). Under the drive of the clamping power element, the pull rod (3) drives the clamping mechanism (6) to swing.

2. The machine tool clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (6) includes a connecting rod (601) and a pressure plate (602). The pressure plate (602) is rotatably connected to the support block (5); One end of the connecting rod (601) is hinged to the pressure plate (602), and the other end is hinged to the pull rod (3); The end of the pressure plate (602) away from the connecting rod (601) is connected to the clamping member (7).

3. The machine tool clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pull rod (3) includes a main rod (301) and a cap (302); One end of the main rod (301) is connected to the clamping power element, and the other end is connected to the cap (302); The cap (302) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves (303) in the radial direction that are adapted to the connecting rod (601), and the connecting rod (601) passes through the positioning grooves (303) and is hinged to the main rod (301).

4. The machine tool clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (601) includes a rod body (6011) and an extension rod (6012) disposed on the rod body (6011). One end of the rod (6011) is hinged to the pressure plate (602), and the other end is threaded to the extension rod (6012); The end of the extension rod (6012) away from the rod body (6011) is a ball head, and the pull rod (3) is provided with a groove that matches the ball head. The extension rod (6012) and the pull rod (3) are connected by a ball hinge.

5. The machine tool clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping member (7) includes a chuck (701) and a clamping connecting rod (702); One end of the clamping connecting rod (702) is connected to the pressure plate (602), and the other end is connected to the chuck (701).

6. The machine tool clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The chuck (701) has a stop (8) at the bottom for positioning and clamping cylindrical workpieces or for clamping the cylindrical positioning and clamping surface of the support ring.

7. The machine tool clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the chuck (701) is flat and is used to clamp non-circular or square workpieces.

8. The machine tool clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure plate (602) has a rotating groove (9) at one end away from the connecting rod (601). The clamping connecting rod (702) matches the rotating groove (9) and has a waist-shaped through hole (10). The waist-shaped through hole (10) is fixed to the rotating groove (9) by a positioning screw (11). A spherical groove (12) is provided at the connection between the chuck (701) and the clamping connecting rod (702). A spherical washer (13) for floating adjustment of the position of the chuck (701) is movably sleeved on the clamping connecting rod (702). The spherical washer (13) matches the spherical groove (12).

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