Grab bucket for tunnel engineering

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of grab buckets for tunnel engineering, and discloses a grab bucket for tunnel engineering, which comprises a bucket body, a hollow column is rotatably connected in the bucket body, a connecting ring is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the hollow column, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the connecting ring, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the connecting ring. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a hollow block, and a tooth changing assembly is arranged in the bucket body. And the tooth changing assembly comprises a fixing column, the outer wall of the fixing column is slidably connected to the interior of the bucket body, a moving block is arranged on the outer wall of the fixing column, and claw teeth are fixedly connected to one side of the moving block. According to the grab bucket for the tunnel engineering, the top cover is clamped to be separated from the outer wall of the fixing column, and the claw teeth are pulled to drive the movable block to be separated from the interior of the bucket body, so that the effect of quickly disassembling the claw teeth is achieved, the problems that when the claw teeth are replaced, more tools need to be used for disassembling the claw teeth, and the working efficiency is excessively wasted are solved, and the applicability of the grab bucket for the tunnel engineering is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grab bucket technology for tunnel engineering, and in particular to a grab bucket used in tunnel engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel engineering is an underground engineering project that integrates multiple disciplines, involving the excavation and construction of tunnels within mountains and underground. In the transportation sector, it reduces road length and travel time; in water conservancy, it facilitates water transport; in municipal engineering, it enables subways; and in mining, it's used for transportation. Tunnel engineering involves surveying, design, excavation, support lining, and installation of ancillary facilities. Grab buckets are used in multiple construction stages of tunnel engineering. During tunnel excavation, especially using the open-cut method, a large amount of soil and rock debris is generated that needs to be cleaned and transported. Grab buckets, with their powerful grabbing capacity, can quickly and efficiently grab this debris and load it onto transport vehicles, greatly improving debris removal efficiency and reducing construction time costs. Furthermore, during basic construction inside the tunnel, such as laying track beds and installing drainage pipes, it may be necessary to handle and organize loose materials or small components. Grab buckets can precisely grab and place these materials in the appropriate positions, ensuring smooth construction progress. Their flexible operation also makes them crucial in the relatively complex and space-constrained environment of tunnels, contributing to improving the overall construction progress and quality of tunnel engineering.

[0003] Traditional grab buckets used in tunnel engineering typically consist of several key structures. The main structure includes a robust bucket body, generally made of high-strength metal materials such as high-quality steel, to withstand the immense pressure of digging and grabbing. The bucket body is equipped with powerful jaw plates, connected by hinges, allowing for flexible opening and closing to grab soil, rock, and materials. Connecting the bucket body to the lifting equipment is the boom, which must possess sufficient strength and stability to ensure the grab bucket's safety and reliability during lifting, lowering, and movement. In addition, there are hydraulic or mechanical transmission devices that control the opening and closing of the grab bucket. Hydraulic devices use hydraulic oil pressure to drive pistons, which in turn drive the jaw plates to open and close. Mechanical transmissions rely on gears, chains, and other components to transmit power, enabling the grab bucket to precisely perform grabbing and releasing actions. These structures work together to accomplish tasks such as material handling in tunnel engineering.

[0004] However, traditional grab buckets used in tunnel engineering have certain limitations. Disassembling the bucket body and teeth is often overly cumbersome. Due to the complex environment and limited working space in tunnel construction, the tedious disassembly process consumes significant manpower and time when the grab bucket body is worn, damaged, or needs to be replaced to handle different materials. Traditional bucket body connections to other components rely on numerous bolts, complex welding auxiliary structures, or tight nesting. This requires workers to use various specialized tools and spend considerable time disassembling each connecting component. Furthermore, this is extremely inconvenient in the confined space of a tunnel, easily affected by the surrounding environment. This not only impacts construction progress but also leads to delayed equipment maintenance due to disassembly difficulties, thus reducing the grab bucket's lifespan and overall work efficiency, and increasing construction and time costs for tunnel engineering. Therefore, a new grab bucket for tunnel engineering is proposed to address these problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a grab bucket for tunnel engineering, which aims to improve the problem of excessive manual labor and inefficiency when disassembling the teeth of the bucket body in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A grab bucket for tunnel engineering includes a bucket body, a hollow column rotatably connected inside the bucket body, a connecting ring fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring, a hollow block fixedly connected to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a gear changing assembly provided inside the bucket body.

[0008] The tooth-changing assembly includes a fixed column, the outer wall of which is slidably connected to the inside of the bucket body, a movable block is provided on the outer wall of the fixed column, a claw tooth is fixedly connected to one side of the movable block, a nut is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed column, a top cover is fixedly connected to the other end of the fixed column, and a counterweight assembly is provided on the outer wall of the hollow block.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The counterweight assembly includes a counterweight block, the inner wall of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hollow block. The counterweight block serves as a counterweight to facilitate sinking.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] A rotating plate is rotatably connected to the side wall of the bucket body, and a connecting column is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating plate;

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] A locking post is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating plate, and a pin is slidably connected inside the locking post;

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The outer wall of the card column is slidably connected to the inside of the hollow column, and the hollow column serves to fix the counterweight and prevent it from falling off.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The pin is made of a soft material, which allows it to be used multiple times and reduces the frequency of material replacement. The locking post is used to lock the hollow post to prevent the hollow post from opening accidentally and to reduce the risk of the bucket falling off accidentally.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The claw teeth are trapezoidal in shape, which allows for faster gripping, and the nut is used for fixing, making the claw teeth more stable during operation.

[0021] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In this utility model, by clamping the top cover and then detaching it from the outer wall of the fixed column, the claw teeth are pulled to move the moving block and detach it from the inside of the bucket body, which achieves the effect of quick disassembly of the claw teeth. This solves the problem that when replacing the claw teeth, a lot of tools are needed for disassembly, which would waste work efficiency. This improves the applicability of grab buckets in tunnel engineering.

[0023] 2. In this utility model, pulling out the pin causes it to disengage from the inside of the locking column. Then, turning the rotating plate causes it to disengage from the inside of the hollow column, achieving the effect of quickly disassembling the hollow column. This solves the problem that the inability to quickly disassemble the hollow column would greatly reduce work efficiency and improves the stability of the grab bucket in tunnel engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a grab bucket for tunnel engineering proposed in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bucket body of a grab bucket for tunnel engineering proposed in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side wall structure of a grab bucket for tunnel engineering proposed in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the side wall structure of a hollow block for a grab bucket used in tunnel engineering, as proposed in this utility model.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Counterweight; 2. Bucket body; 3. Hollow block; 4. Claw teeth; 5. Moving block; 6. Fixed column; 7. Nut; 8. Hollow column; 9. Connecting column; 10. Rotating plate; 11. Locking column; 12. Pin; 13. Top cover; 14. Connecting ring; 15. Hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model provides an embodiment of a grab bucket for tunnel engineering, comprising a bucket body 2. The bucket body 2 can be made of high-strength alloy steel, which has excellent wear resistance, impact resistance, and compressive strength, effectively coping with the collision and friction of various hard materials during excavation, extending the service life of the bucket body 2. A tooth-changing assembly is provided inside the bucket body 2. The tooth-changing assembly includes a fixed column 6, the outer wall of which is slidably connected to the inside of the bucket body 2. A movable block 5 is provided on the outer wall of the fixed column 6, and a claw tooth 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the movable block 5. The claw tooth 4... For materials that need to come into frequent contact with and withstand significant forces, manganese steel is preferred. Its trapezoidal shape allows for faster grabbing during excavation, effectively improving the efficiency of the grab bucket. The outer wall of the fixed column 6 is threaded with a nut 7, which can be made of high-strength carbon steel and serves to fix the bucket in place. The other end of the fixed column 6 is fixedly connected to a top cover 13. The outer wall of the hollow block 3 is equipped with a counterweight assembly. The claw teeth 4 are trapezoidal in shape, which allows for faster grabbing. The nut 7 serves to fix the claw teeth 4 and make it more stable during operation.

[0032] Specifically, the key operation of replacing the claw tooth 4 involves clear and orderly steps. First, a special tool or a specific mechanical structure is needed to hold the top cover 13 in place, ensuring its stability during subsequent operations. Next, a wrench or similar tool is used to turn the nut 7. Under pressure, the nut 7 begins to rotate, gradually disengaging from the outer wall of the fixing post 6. Since the nut 7 originally secured the fixing post 6, once loosened, the fixing post 6 can be easily pulled out of its installation position. Then, appropriate external force is applied to the claw tooth 4 to be replaced, causing it to be turned. Simultaneously, the claw tooth 4 moves the moving block 5 on its side wall, gradually disengaging it from the internal slot or fixing structure of the bucket body 2. This releases the connection between the claw tooth 4 and the bucket body 2, ultimately achieving the effect of quickly replacing the claw tooth 4. This design and operating procedure greatly improves the replacement efficiency of claw teeth 4, reduces equipment downtime caused by replacing claw teeth 4, ensures the continuity and efficiency of tunnel construction, and enables the grab bucket to return to its optimal working condition in a shorter time, continuing to play an important role in tunnel material handling and other operations.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The side wall of the bucket body 2 is rotatably connected to a rotating plate 10. The rotating plate 10 can be made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which has advantages such as light weight, corrosion resistance and certain strength. It can work stably in the complex environment of the tunnel and is easy to operate. The side wall of the rotating plate 10 is fixedly connected to a connecting column 9, and the bottom of the rotating plate 10 is fixedly connected to a locking column 11. The locking column 11 is preferably made of hard alloy steel, which has high hardness and strong wear resistance and can effectively lock the hollow column 8. The locking column 11 is slidably connected to a pin 12. Since the pin 12 is made of soft material, it can be made of copper alloy. Copper alloy has good self-lubrication and certain toughness. The outer wall of the locking column 11 is slidably connected to the inside of the hollow column 8. The hollow column 8 is used to fix the counterweight 1 and prevent it from falling off. The pin 12 is made of soft material, so it can be used multiple times and reduce the frequency of material replacement. The locking column 11 is used to lock the hollow column 8 to prevent the hollow column 8 from opening accidentally and reduce the accidental fall of the bucket body 2.

[0034] Specifically, during certain maintenance or adjustment operations, pin 12 can be manually pulled. Under the action of force, pin 12 will gradually disengage from the inside of the locking post 11 along the corresponding track or slot. Once pin 12 has successfully disengaged, external force can be applied to the rotating plate 10 to actuate it. The rotating plate 10 will rotate under the force, driving the locking post 11 connected to it, causing the locking post 11 to gradually be pulled out from the inside of the hollow column 8. In this way, the hollow column 8, which was originally restricted by the locking post 11, can be freed from its restraint, making it easier to pull the hollow column 8. This facilitates subsequent inspection, replacement, or adjustment of the grab bucket's related structures, improves the convenience and efficiency of the entire grab bucket maintenance process, and ensures that the grab bucket maintains good working performance and reliability in tunnel construction.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The bucket body 2 has a hollow column 8 rotatably connected inside. The hollow column 8 can be made of high-quality alloy steel, which has good strength and toughness and can withstand large torsional and tensile forces. A connecting ring 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column 8. The connecting ring 14 can be made of high-strength cast iron, which has good casting properties. A hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring 14. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring 14. A hollow block 3 is fixedly connected to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 15. The hollow block 3 can be made of aluminum alloy to reduce weight. The counterweight component includes a counterweight 1, which can be made of high-density cast iron. The counterweight component includes the counterweight 1, whose inner wall is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hollow block 3. The function of the counterweight 1 is to provide counterweight and facilitate sinking.

[0036] Specifically, the use of grab buckets in tunnel engineering follows a specific operating procedure to achieve their function. First, the hydraulic cylinder 15 is activated. Driven by hydraulic power, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 15 begins to work, causing the connecting ring 14 connected to it to rotate around a specific axis. During rotation, the connecting ring 14 pushes the hollow column 8, which is in close contact with it, causing the hollow column 8 to move in a predetermined direction. Because of the specific connection between the hollow column 8 and the bucket body 2, when the hollow column 8 moves, it applies a force to the bucket body 2, causing the bucket body 2 to converge in a specific manner. This convergence action of the bucket body 2 creates a relatively enclosed space, allowing for precise gripping of materials inside the tunnel, such as soil, rocks, and building materials. This effectively grabs and lifts the materials, achieving a highly efficient gripping effect, meeting the material handling needs of tunnel engineering, and providing strong support for the smooth progress of tunnel construction.

[0037] Working principle: When using the grab bucket for tunnel engineering, the hydraulic cylinder 15 first drives the connecting ring 14 to rotate. The rotation of the connecting ring 14 moves the hollow column 8, which in turn moves the bucket body 2 to achieve the clamping effect. Then, when changing the claw teeth 4, the top cover 13 is first locked, and then the nut 7 is rotated. The force on the nut 7 causes it to disengage from the outer wall of the fixed column 6, allowing the fixed column 6 to be pulled out. Then, the claw teeth 4 is turned. The force on the claw teeth 4 causes the moving block 5 on the side wall to move, disengaging it from the inside of the bucket body 2, achieving the effect of quickly changing the claw teeth 4. Then, the pin 12 can be pulled. The force on the pin 12 causes it to disengage from the inside of the locking column 11. Finally, the rotating plate 10 can be turned. The force on the rotating plate 10 causes the locking column 11 to disengage from the inside of the hollow column 8, making it easier to pull the hollow column 8.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A grab bucket for tunnel engineering, comprising a bucket body (2), characterized in that: The bucket body (2) is rotatably connected to a hollow column (8), and a connecting ring (14) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column (8). A hydraulic cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring (14). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring (14). A hollow block (3) is fixedly connected to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (15). A gear changing assembly is provided inside the bucket body (2). The gear-changing assembly includes a fixed column (6), the outer wall of which is slidably connected to the inside of the bucket body (2), a movable block (5) is provided on the outer wall of the fixed column (6), a claw tooth (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the movable block (5), a nut (7) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed column (6), a top cover (13) is fixedly connected to the other end of the fixed column (6), and a counterweight assembly is provided on the outer wall of the hollow block (3).

2. The grab bucket for tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight assembly includes a counterweight block (1), the inner wall of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hollow block (3). The counterweight block (1) serves as a counterweight to facilitate sinking.

3. A grab bucket for tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the bucket body (2) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate (10), and the side wall of the rotating plate (10) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (9).

4. A grab bucket for tunnel engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the rotating plate (10) is fixedly connected to a locking post (11), and a pin (12) is slidably connected inside the locking post (11).

5. A grab bucket for tunnel engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the locking post (11) is slidably connected to the inside of the hollow column (8), and the hollow column (8) serves to fix the counterweight (1) and prevent it from falling off.

6. A grab bucket for tunnel engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pin (12) is made of a soft material, which allows it to be used multiple times and reduces the need for frequent material replacement. The locking post (11) is used to lock the hollow post (8) to prevent the hollow post (8) from opening accidentally and to reduce the risk of the bucket body (2) falling off accidentally.

7. A grab bucket for tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The claw teeth (4) are trapezoidal in shape and are used to make grasping more quickly. The nut (7) is used to fix the claw teeth (4) and make it more stable during operation.

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