Photovoltaic glass, photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic module
By setting titanium dioxide antireflective layers on both sides of photovoltaic glass and silicon dioxide antireflective layers on the outside, a multi-layer structure is formed, which solves the problems of light transmittance, hardness and self-cleaning of photovoltaic glass, and improves the performance of photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic modules.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422974445.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic glass has shortcomings in terms of light transmittance, hardness, and surface self-cleaning ability, which cannot meet the requirements of high-efficiency energy conversion and self-cleaning of photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic modules.
A titanium dioxide antireflective layer is set on both sides of the photovoltaic glass, and a silicon dioxide antireflective layer is set on the outside of it to form a multi-layer structure. Combined with a porous design, the light transmittance and hardness are improved, and the self-cleaning function is achieved through the hydrophilicity of silicon dioxide.
It improves the light transmittance and hardness of photovoltaic glass, enhances the surface self-cleaning ability, and improves the energy conversion efficiency and output power of photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic modules.
Smart Images
Figure CN223620309U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic glass, a photovoltaic cell, and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology
[0002] Photovoltaic glass is an important structure in photovoltaic cells and modules. It needs to have good light transmittance to ensure the power generation requirements of photovoltaic cells and modules.
[0003] Currently, photovoltaic glass mainly involves setting anti-reflective layers made of silicon dioxide on both sides of the glass substrate in the thickness direction to improve the light transmittance of photovoltaic glass.
[0004] However, the above methods can only reduce the reflectivity of photovoltaic glass near a certain wavelength, and cannot improve the transmittance of photovoltaic glass across the entire wavelength range; moreover, the transmittance of photovoltaic glass still needs to be further improved to meet the higher requirements for energy conversion efficiency and maximum output power of photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic modules.
[0005] In addition, since photovoltaic glass is exposed to the natural environment for a long time, it is particularly susceptible to dust and rainwater pollution, so photovoltaic glass also needs to have a certain degree of self-cleaning ability; and photovoltaic glass needs to have higher hardness to expand its application range. Utility Model Content
[0006] One of the technical problems to be solved in this application is: how to make photovoltaic glass have both high light transmittance, high hardness and good surface self-cleaning effect.
[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, in a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic glass comprising: a first antireflective layer, a second antireflective layer, a glass substrate, a third antireflective layer, and a fourth antireflective layer stacked sequentially from top to bottom; wherein the first and fourth antireflective layers are both made of silicon dioxide; and the second and third antireflective layers are both made of titanium dioxide.
[0008] In some embodiments, both the first antireflection layer and the fourth antireflection layer are porous structures.
[0009] In some embodiments, the porosity of the first antireflective layer and the fourth antireflective layer is each independently 50% to 60%.
[0010] In some embodiments, the thicknesses of the first antireflection layer, the second antireflection layer, the third antireflection layer, and the fourth antireflection layer are all less than or equal to 60 nm.
[0011] In some embodiments, the thicknesses of the first antireflection layer, the second antireflection layer, the third antireflection layer, and the fourth antireflection layer are each independently 40 nm to 60 nm.
[0012] In some embodiments, the thickness of the glass substrate is 2 mm to 3.2 mm.
[0013] In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the glass substrate is 91% to 93%.
[0014] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the glass substrate is 1.3 to 1.7.
[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic cell, which includes a silicon wafer and photovoltaic glass as provided in any of the first aspects above, covering the thickness direction of the silicon wafer.
[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic module, which includes: the photovoltaic cell as provided in the second aspect above.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the photovoltaic glass, photovoltaic cells, and photovoltaic modules provided in this application through the above technical solutions include:
[0018] This application reduces reflection losses and improves light absorption by setting anti-reflective layers made of titanium dioxide on both sides of the glass substrate. Furthermore, by setting an anti-reflective layer made of silicon dioxide on the outer side of the titanium dioxide anti-reflective layer, the surface reflectivity of the photovoltaic glass is further reduced, which is beneficial for improving the energy conversion efficiency and maximum output power of photovoltaic cells and modules made using this photovoltaic glass. The silicon dioxide anti-reflective layer has good hydrophilicity and the ability to decompose organic matter, giving the photovoltaic glass surface excellent self-cleaning properties. In addition, the titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide anti-reflective layers can work together to improve the hardness of the photovoltaic glass. Therefore, the photovoltaic glass provided by this application combines high light transmittance, high hardness, and good surface self-cleaning performance, showing promising application prospects. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic glass disclosed in the embodiments of this application;
[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0022] 1. First antireflective layer; 2. Second antireflective layer; 3. Glass substrate; 4. Third antireflective layer; 5. Fourth antireflective layer. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application. This application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
[0024] These embodiments are provided to make the application thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values illustrated in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.
[0025] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. Terms such as "including" mean that the element preceding the term encompasses the element listed after the term, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.
[0027] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.
[0028] All terms used in this application have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.
[0029] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic glass disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Please refer to it. Figure 1 The photovoltaic glass includes, from top to bottom, a first antireflective layer 1, a second antireflective layer 2, a glass substrate 3, a third antireflective layer 4, and a fourth antireflective layer 5.
[0031] It is understandable that the first antireflective layer 1, the second antireflective layer 2, the glass substrate 3, the third antireflective layer 4, and the fourth antireflective layer 5 are stacked sequentially from top to bottom, meaning that along the thickness direction, the first antireflective layer 1, the second antireflective layer 2, the glass substrate 3, the third antireflective layer 4, and the fourth antireflective layer 5 are connected and arranged sequentially from top to bottom.
[0032] The first antireflective layer 1 and the fourth antireflective layer 5 are both made of silicon dioxide; the second antireflective layer 2 and the third antireflective layer 4 are both made of titanium dioxide.
[0033] This application provides a second antireflection layer 2 and a third antireflection layer 4 made of titanium dioxide on both sides of the glass substrate 3. Titanium dioxide has high density, which can better prevent water vapor in the air from reaching the interior of the photovoltaic glass, thereby reducing the occurrence of metal hydroxides generated by the hydrolysis reaction of sodium silicate in the photovoltaic glass damaging the coating layer. Titanium dioxide can reduce the reflection loss of the photovoltaic glass and improve the light absorption rate of the photovoltaic glass.
[0034] This application further reduces the reflectivity of photovoltaic glass by setting a first antireflective layer 1 and a fourth antireflective layer 5 made of silicon dioxide on the outer sides of the second antireflective layer 2 and the third antireflective layer 4, which are made of titanium dioxide. The first antireflective layer 1, the second antireflective layer 2, the glass substrate 3, the third antireflective layer 4, and the fourth antireflective layer 5 can cooperate with each other to form a multilayer structure with a gradually changing refractive index; this not only improves the light transmittance of the photovoltaic glass, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency and maximum output power of photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic modules made using this photovoltaic glass, but also improves the hardness of the photovoltaic glass.
[0035] In addition, the first antireflective layer 1 and the fourth antireflective layer 5, which are made of silicon dioxide, have good hydrophilicity and the ability to decompose organic matter, giving the photovoltaic glass surface a good self-cleaning function.
[0036] Therefore, the photovoltaic glass provided in this application has high light transmittance, high hardness, good surface self-cleaning effect and good weather resistance, and has good application prospects.
[0037] In some embodiments, the first antireflection layer 1 and the fourth antireflection layer 5 are both made of nano-silicon dioxide; the second antireflection layer 2 and the third antireflection layer 4 are both made of nano-titanium dioxide.
[0038] In some embodiments, both the first antireflection layer 1 and the fourth antireflection layer 5 are porous structures, which can make the first antireflection layer 1 and the fourth antireflection layer 5 form a film structure with a gradually changing refractive index, thereby reducing the reflectivity of light on the photovoltaic glass surface.
[0039] In some embodiments, the porosity of the first antireflective layer 1 and the fourth antireflective layer 5 is independently 50% to 60%.
[0040] As an example, the porosity of the first antireflection layer 1 and the fourth antireflection layer 5 can each be independently a value of any one of 50%, 52%, 55%, 57% and 60% or a range between any two.
[0041] In some embodiments, the thicknesses of the first antireflection layer 1, the second antireflection layer 2, the third antireflection layer 4, and the fourth antireflection layer 5 are all less than or equal to 120 nm.
[0042] In some embodiments, the thicknesses of the first antireflection layer 1, the second antireflection layer 2, the third antireflection layer 4, and the fourth antireflection layer 5 are each independently 40 nm to 50 nm.
[0043] As an example, the thickness of the first antireflection layer 1, the second antireflection layer 2, the third antireflection layer 4, and the fourth antireflection layer 5 can each be independently a value of any one of 40nm, 42nm, 45nm, 47nm, and 50nm, or a range between any two.
[0044] In some embodiments, the thickness of the glass substrate 3 is 2.0 mm to 3.2 mm.
[0045] As an example, the thickness of the glass substrate 3 can be any value among 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm and 3.2 mm or any value in between.
[0046] In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the glass substrate 3 is 91% to 93%.
[0047] As an example, the light transmittance of the glass substrate 3 can be any one of 91%, 92%, and 93%, or a range between any two.
[0048] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the glass substrate 3 is 1.3 to 1.7.
[0049] As an example, the refractive index of the glass substrate 3 can be any value among 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.7 or a range between any two.
[0050] As an example, the glass substrate 3 may be an ultra-white float glass substrate.
[0051] As an example, the preparation process of the second antireflection layer 2 and the third antireflection layer 4 is as follows: nano-silica sol is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass substrate 3 respectively, and then converted into the second antireflection layer 2 and the third antireflection layer 4 of nano-titanium oxide material through the sol-gel process.
[0052] As an example, the preparation process of the first antireflection layer 1 and the fourth antireflection layer 5 is as follows: nano-silica sol is coated on the second antireflection layer 2 and the third antireflection layer 4 respectively, and then converted into the first antireflection layer 1 and the fourth antireflection layer 5 of porous nano-silica material through the sol-gel process.
[0053] It should be noted that this application does not limit the specific fabrication process of the first antireflection layer 1, the second antireflection layer 2, the glass substrate 3, the third antireflection layer 4, and the fourth antireflection layer 5, and other processes may also be used.
[0054] This application embodiment also provides a photovoltaic cell, which includes a silicon wafer and photovoltaic glass covering the silicon wafer in its thickness direction. The photovoltaic glass includes a first antireflective layer 1, a second antireflective layer 2, a glass substrate 3, a third antireflective layer 4, and a fourth antireflective layer 5, which are stacked sequentially from top to bottom.
[0055] It should be noted that the materials and related parameters of the first antireflection layer 1, the second antireflection layer 2, the glass substrate 3, the third antireflection layer 4, and the fourth antireflection layer 5 are the same as those described above, and will not be repeated here.
[0056] The photovoltaic cells provided in this application have high energy conversion efficiency and maximum output power due to the use of the photovoltaic glass provided above, and have good application prospects.
[0057] This application also provides a photovoltaic module, which includes the photovoltaic cell provided above.
[0058] The photovoltaic modules provided in this application have high energy conversion efficiency and maximum output power, and have good application prospects.
[0059] It should be noted that there can be multiple photovoltaic cells in a photovoltaic module, and this application does not limit this.
[0060] The embodiments of this application have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of this application, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.
[0061] While specific embodiments of this application have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any manner.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic glass, characterized in that, include: The first antireflection layer (1), the second antireflection layer (2), the glass substrate (3), the third antireflection layer (4), and the fourth antireflection layer (5) are stacked sequentially from top to bottom. The first antireflection layer (1) and the fourth antireflection layer (5) are both made of silicon dioxide. The second antireflection layer (2) and the third antireflection layer (4) are both made of titanium dioxide.
2. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first antireflection layer (1) and the fourth antireflection layer (5) are porous structures.
3. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 2, characterized in that, The porosity of the first antireflective layer (1) and the fourth antireflective layer (5) is independently 50% to 60%.
4. The photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The thicknesses of the first antireflection layer (1), the second antireflection layer (2), the third antireflection layer (4), and the fourth antireflection layer (5) are all less than or equal to 60 nm.
5. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thicknesses of the first antireflection layer (1), the second antireflection layer (2), the third antireflection layer (4), and the fourth antireflection layer (5) are each independently 40 nm to 60 nm.
6. The photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the glass substrate (3) is 2 mm to 3.2 mm.
7. The photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The light transmittance of the glass substrate (3) is 91% to 93%.
8. The photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The refractive index of the glass substrate (3) is 1.3 to 1.
7.
9. A photovoltaic cell, characterized in that, include: Silicon wafer and photovoltaic glass as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 covering the thickness direction of said silicon wafer.
10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: The photovoltaic cell as described in claim 9.