Double-section type gas producer and device for preparing high-calorific-value gas

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy production, and particularly relates to a double-section type gas producer and a device for preparing high-calorific-value gas. Comprising a gasification gas section furnace body, a furnace body heat preservation layer and a cooling jacket, the furnace body heat preservation layer is arranged on the upper portion of the gasification gas section furnace body, the cooling jacket is arranged on the lower portion of the gasification gas section furnace body, and circulating cooling water is arranged between the cooling jacket and the gasification gas section furnace body. According to the utility model, the furnace body insulating layer is arranged at the upper part of the gasification gas section of the double-section gas producer, and the refractory insulating material is arranged between the furnace body insulating layer and the gasification gas section furnace body for insulating, so that carbon dioxide in the insulating area is reduced into carbon monoxide, and the generation rate of the carbon monoxide is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of energy production technology, specifically a two-stage gas generator and a device for preparing high-calorific-value gas. Background Technology

[0002] A two-stage gasifier, also known as a two-stage gasifier, consists of a dry distillation section and a gasification section from top to bottom. First, coal enters the furnace from the top coal bunker through two sets of coal inlet valves. In the dry distillation section, the coal undergoes thorough drying and prolonged low-temperature dry distillation, gradually forming semi-coke, which then enters the gasification section. The hot semi-coke reacts fully with the gasifying agent blown in from the bottom of the furnace, passing through the reduction and oxidation layers to form ash, which is automatically discharged from the ash basin by the grate. During the low-temperature dry distillation process, the gas generated, mainly composed of volatile matter, is called dry distillation gas. This gas, forming the top gas of the two-stage gasifier, accounts for approximately 40% of the total gas volume and has a high calorific value (6700 KJ / nm). 3 The temperature is relatively low (around 120℃). In the gasification section, the hot semi-coke and gasifying agent undergo a series of chemical reactions such as reduction and oxidation to produce gas, which is called gasification gas. This gas constitutes the bottom gas of the two-stage furnace, accounting for about 60% of the total gas volume, and its calorific value is relatively low (6400 KJ / nm). 3 The temperature is relatively high (around 450℃). Because the coal undergoes sufficient low-temperature dry distillation in the dry distillation section, the coal entering the gasification section has already become semi-coke. Therefore, the generated gasified gas does not contain tar. However, due to its proximity to the grate ash layer, it contains a small amount of fly ash. The bottom gas can be treated by equipment such as cyclone dust collectors and air coolers. This allows users of cold-purified gas to use it without water washing, thus avoiding the drawback of large amounts of untreated phenolic water.

[0003] Two-stage gasifiers have two gas outlets, one above the other, which can output gas with different calorific values. Their gasification efficiency and overall thermal efficiency are higher than those of single-stage gasifiers. Coal undergoes complete dry distillation in the upper stage of the furnace, and the lower stage gas is basically free of tar. The upper stage gas contains a small amount of light tar, which is not easy to clog the pipes. The gas from two-stage gasifiers has a high and stable calorific value, great operational flexibility, a high degree of automation, and low labor intensity.

[0004] The process flow of a two-stage thermal detarized gasification station is as follows: The upper stage gas enters an electrostatic precipitator, operating at a temperature between 90-150℃. Tar droplets and dust in the gas are polarized, collecting on the electrode tube wall and flowing by gravity to the tar tank. The lower stage gas passes through an ash hopper to remove large dust particles before entering a cyclone dust collector for centrifugal dust removal. The temperature after dust removal is approximately 450-550℃.

[0005] Typically, a water jacket is installed around the lower section of the reactor, using cold water within the jacket for cooling. This cooling water turns into steam and is discharged, while the steam then enters, creating a continuous cooling cycle. However, the temperature inside the lower furnace chamber is higher than the reduction zone above. Cooling the reduction zone hinders the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, causing carbon dioxide to flow out directly and resulting in waste, thus lowering the carbon monoxide formation rate. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a two-stage gasifier with a jacketed section on the lower gasification section, and a two-stage gasifier with heat preservation in the upper section and cooling in the lower section.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows: the two-stage gasifier includes a gasification gas section furnace body, a furnace body insulation layer and a cooling jacket. The furnace body insulation layer is located at the upper part of the gasification gas section furnace body, and the cooling jacket is located at the lower part of the gasification gas section furnace body. Circulating cooling water is provided between the cooling jacket and the gasification gas section furnace body.

[0008] Preferably, the height ratio of the furnace body insulation layer to the cooling jacket is 1:2 to 1:4.

[0009] Preferably, the height of the furnace body insulation layer is 900mm, and the height of the cooling jacket is 1800mm.

[0010] This application also relates to an apparatus for preparing high-calorific-value coal gas, including the aforementioned two-stage coal gasifier, dust collector, heat exchanger, and coal gas compressor. The dust collector is provided with a dust collector insulation layer and is connected to the outlet of the coal gasification section of the two-stage coal gasifier and the heat exchanger. A first passage and a second passage are provided between the heat exchanger and the coal gas compressor. The first passage is the passage through which coal gas enters the coal gas compressor from the heat exchanger, and the second passage is the passage through which coal gas enters the heat exchanger from the coal gas compressor.

[0011] Preferably, the heat exchanger is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0012] Preferably, it includes an intercooler, a primary electro-filter, and a secondary electro-filter. The primary electro-filter is connected to the outlet of the dry distillation gas section of the two-stage gas generator. The primary electro-filter is connected to the intercooler. The intercooler and the secondary filter are arranged in a first passage, and the intercooler is connected to the secondary filter.

[0013] Preferably, insulated pipelines are installed between the dust collector and the two-stage gasifier, and between the dust collector and the heat exchanger.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this technical solution are:

[0015] This invention features a gasification gasification section in the lower part of a two-stage gasifier. An insulation layer is installed on the upper part of the gasification gasification gasification section furnace body, and a cooling jacket is installed on the lower part of the gasification gasification gasification gasification section furnace body. Circulating cooling water is installed between the cooling jacket and the furnace body for cooling. Refractory insulation material is installed between the insulation layer and the furnace body for insulation. After insulation, carbon dioxide in the area is reduced to carbon monoxide, thus increasing the carbon monoxide generation rate. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a two-stage gas generator according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for preparing high-calorific-value coal gas.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger.

[0019] The components include: 1. Two-stage gas generator; 2. Furnace body insulation layer; 3. Cooling jacket; 4. Dust collector; 5. Heat exchanger 501, first heat exchange pipeline 502, second heat exchange pipeline; 6. Gas compressor; 7. First insulation pipeline; 8. First passage 801, first passage inlet 802, first passage outlet; 9. Second passage 901, second passage inlet 902, second passage outlet; 10. Intercooler; 11. Primary electro-optic filter; 12. Secondary electro-optic filter; 13. Second insulation pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Figures 1-3 This is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is described below in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-3 The present invention will be further described below.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 The two-stage gasifier includes a furnace body, a furnace body insulation layer 2, and a cooling jacket 3. The furnace body insulation layer 2 is located in the upper section of the gasification gas section of the two-stage gasifier 1, and the cooling jacket 3 is located in the lower section of the gasification gas section. In this embodiment, the height of the furnace body insulation layer 2 is 900 mm, the height of the cooling jacket 3 is 1800 mm, and the height ratio of the furnace body insulation layer 2 to the cooling jacket 3 is 1:2. Refractory insulation material is installed between the furnace body insulation layer 2 and the furnace body, and circulating cooling water is installed between the cooling jacket 3 and the furnace body.

[0022] The lower section of the two-stage gasifier is the gasification gas section. In this section, hot semi-coke and the gasifying agent undergo a series of chemical reactions, including reduction and oxidation, to produce gas. The lower section of the gasification gas section has a high furnace temperature, while the upper section has a relatively lower temperature. A cooling jacket 3 is installed outside the furnace body at the higher temperature, and cooling water is used to cool the area between the jacket 3 and the furnace body. A furnace body insulation layer 2 is installed outside the furnace body at the lower temperature in the upper section, and refractory insulation material is used between the insulation layer 2 and the furnace body to maintain the temperature. In this area, carbon dioxide is reduced to carbon monoxide, significantly increasing the carbon monoxide formation rate.

[0023] Reference Figure 2 An apparatus for preparing high-calorific-value coal gas includes a two-stage coal gasifier 1, a dust collector 4, a heat exchanger 5, and a coal gas compressor 6. The dust collector 4 is provided with a furnace body insulation layer. A first insulation pipeline 7 is provided between the outlet of the coal gasification section of the two-stage coal gasifier 1 and the dust collector 4. A second insulation pipeline 13 is provided between the dust collector 4 and the heat exchanger 5 to ensure that the temperature of the coal gas entering the heat exchanger 5 is not lost. A first passage 8 and a second passage 9 are provided between the heat exchanger 5 and the coal gas compressor 6.

[0024] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 5 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The first passage 8 is the passage through which the gas enters the gas compressor 6 from the heat exchanger 5, and the second passage 9 is the passage through which the gas enters the heat exchanger 5 from the gas compressor 6. The gas temperature in the first passage 8 is high, while the gas temperature in the second passage 9 is low. Heat exchange occurs in the heat exchanger 5, lowering the gas temperature in the first passage 8 and sending it to the gas compressor 6 for storage, while raising the gas temperature in the second passage 9 and sending it to the point of use. The gas with the higher temperature has a relatively higher calorific value.

[0025] A dust collector insulation layer is installed on the dust collector 4 connected to the outlet of the gasification section of the two-stage gasifier 1. The pipeline connecting the dust collector 4 and the two-stage gasifier 1 is the first insulation pipeline 7, and the pipeline connecting the dust collector 4 and the heat exchanger 5 is the second insulation pipeline 13. This is used to maintain the temperature of the high-temperature gas coming out of the two-stage gasifier 1 until it enters the heat exchanger 5.

[0026] The gas entering the heat exchanger 5 from the gas compressor 6 is low-temperature gas. The low-temperature gas enters the heat exchanger 5 through the second passage 9. The low-temperature gas and the high-temperature gas exchange heat in the heat exchanger 5, which lowers the temperature of the high-temperature gas and raises the temperature of the low-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas, after being filtered and cooled, enters the gas compressor 6 again. The low-temperature gas, after being heated, is then sent to the user point.

[0027] The first passage 8 is equipped with an intercooler 10 and a secondary electric filter 12. After leaving the heat exchanger 5, the high-temperature gas enters the intercooler 10, and after the temperature is further reduced, it enters the secondary electric filter 12 for filtration, and finally is sent to the gas compressor 6.

[0028] The high-temperature gas in the first passage 8 enters the heat exchanger 5 at a temperature of 500°C. After heat exchange in the heat exchanger 5, the temperature drops to 100°C. After being cooled and cleaned by the intercooler 10 and the secondary electric filter 12, the temperature drops to 45°C.

[0029] A gas compressor 6 is installed on the second passage 9. When the low-temperature gas enters the heat exchanger 5 from the gas compressor 6, the temperature is 45°. After exchanging heat with the high-temperature gas in the heat exchanger 5, the temperature rises to 200° before being sent to the user, thus increasing the calorific value of the gas.

[0030] In the upper section of the two-stage gasifier 1, the gas from the dry distillation gas section enters the primary electro-filter 11 for initial cleaning, and then enters the intercooler 10 for cooling. The gas from the dry distillation gas section and the gas from the gasification gas section are mixed and then cooled and cleaned by the intercooler 10 and the secondary electro-filter 12 before entering the gas compressor 6.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 The heat exchanger 5 is equipped with a first heat exchange pipe 501 and a second heat exchange pipe 502. The two pipes are set independently and are not connected to each other. The high-temperature coal gas in the first passage 8 enters the first heat exchange pipe 501 in the heat exchanger 5 through the first passage inlet 801. After flowing in the first heat exchange pipe 501, it leaves the heat exchanger 5 from the first passage outlet 502 and enters the intercooler 10.

[0032] The low-temperature gas in the second passage 9 enters the second heat exchange pipe 502 in the heat exchanger 5 through the second passage inlet 901, absorbs the heat provided by the high-temperature gas in the first heat exchange pipe 501, and leaves through the second passage outlet 902 after being heated, and is sent to the gas consumption point.

[0033] The high-temperature gas in the first heat exchange pipeline 501 drops from 500°C to 100°C after heat exchange, while the low-temperature gas in the second heat exchange pipeline 502 rises from 45°C to 200°C after heat exchange.

[0034] The working process is as follows: Coal enters the furnace body of the two-stage gasifier 1 from the coal bunker at the top of the furnace through two sets of coal discharge valves. The gas generated in the dry distillation gas section is cleaned by the primary electro-filter 11 and then enters the intercooler 10 for cooling. After a second cleaning by the secondary electro-filter 12, it enters the gas compressor 6. The high-temperature gas generated in the gasification gas section is dusted and kept warm by the dust collector 4 and then enters the heat exchanger 5. After exchanging heat with the low-temperature gas, it enters the intercooler 10 for cooling and then enters the secondary electro-filter 12 for cleaning. The cooled and cleaned low-temperature gas then enters the gas compressor 6.

[0035] Before the low-temperature 45°C gas in the gas compressor 6 is sent to the gas consumption point, it first passes through the heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat with the high-temperature gas, and then the temperature is raised to 200°C before being sent to the gas consumption point.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model without departing from its technical solution shall still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A two-stage gasifier, characterized in that: It includes a gasification gas section furnace body, a furnace body insulation layer (2) and a cooling jacket (3). The furnace body insulation layer (2) is located on the upper part of the gasification gas section furnace body, and the cooling jacket (3) is located on the lower part of the gasification gas section furnace body. Circulating cooling water is provided between the cooling jacket (3) and the gasification gas section furnace body.

2. The two-stage gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height ratio of the furnace body insulation layer (2) and the cooling jacket (3) is 1:2 to 1:

4.

3. A two-stage gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The furnace body insulation layer (2) has a height of 900mm, and the cooling jacket (3) has a height of 1800mm.

4. An apparatus for preparing high-calorific-value coal gas, characterized in that: The invention includes a two-stage gasifier (1), a dust collector (4), a heat exchanger (5), and a gas compressor (6) as described in any one of claims 1 to 3. The dust collector (4) is provided with a dust collector insulation layer and is connected to the outlet of the gasification section of the two-stage gasifier (1) and the heat exchanger (5). A first passage (8) and a second passage (9) are provided between the heat exchanger (5) and the gas compressor (6). The first passage (8) is the passage through which gas enters the gas compressor (6) from the heat exchanger (5), and the second passage (9) is the passage through which gas enters the heat exchanger (5) from the gas compressor (6).

5. The apparatus for preparing high-calorific-value coal gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (5) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

6. The apparatus for preparing high-calorific-value coal gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an intercooler (10), a primary electro-filter (11) and a secondary electro-filter (12). The primary electro-filter (11) is connected to the outlet of the dry distillation gas section of the two-stage gas generator (1). The primary electro-filter (11) is connected to the intercooler (10). The intercooler (10) and the secondary filter (12) are set on the first passage (8). The intercooler (10) is connected to the secondary filter (12).

7. The apparatus for preparing high-calorific-value coal gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: Insulated pipelines are provided between the dust collector (4) and the two-stage gas generator (1), as well as between the dust collector (4) and the heat exchanger (5).

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