Engine and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an engine and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of engine cylinder cover design, the engine comprises a cylinder cover, a cylinder body, a cylinder cover water jacket and a cylinder body water jacket, the cylinder cover water jacket comprises a first water jacket, a second water jacket and a third water jacket, the first water jacket is provided with a first water intake close to the exhaust side of the cylinder cover, and the first water jacket is provided with a first water outlet close to the intake side of the cylinder cover; the first water intake is connected with the first water outlet end of the cylinder body water jacket; a second water taking opening is formed in the second water jacket close to the air inlet side of the cylinder cover, a second water outlet is formed in the second water jacket close to the air outlet side of the cylinder cover, and the second water taking opening is connected with the second water outlet end of the cylinder body water jacket; the double-layer water jacket structure is adopted, the structural strength of the cylinder cover is improved, the first water jacket and the second water jacket are arranged in parallel, the heat exchange capacity of the water jackets can be improved, the cylinder cover is kept at the low running temperature all the time, and then the durability of an engine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engine cylinder head design technology, and more specifically, to an engine and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Diesel engine cylinder head water jackets are used to cool the cylinder head, ensuring that the cylinder head temperature does not exceed its maximum tolerance temperature, thus making the cylinder head reliable and durable. The cylinder head cooling components are mainly concentrated in the combustion chamber and exhaust port areas. The design of cylinder head water jackets generally follows existing technology, with adjustments made to the water circuit to meet the requirements of cylinder head temperature and engine cooling system evaluation indicators.

[0003] With the continuous improvement of diesel engine performance, coolant temperature is also increasing, which affects the performance of cylinder head materials. The higher the temperature, the more the tensile strength, yield strength, and fatigue strength of the cylinder head material decrease, and the greater the risk of cylinder head failure, thus affecting engine durability. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to provide an engine and vehicle that solves the problem in the prior art where the cylinder head of an engine is prone to failure due to temperature, thus affecting the engine's durability.

[0005] An engine includes a cylinder head, a cylinder block, a cylinder head water jacket, and a cylinder block water jacket, wherein the cylinder head water jacket includes:

[0006] A first water jacket is provided with a first water inlet on the side of the cylinder head near the exhaust side and a first water outlet on the side of the cylinder head near the intake side. The first water inlet is connected to the first water outlet of the cylinder water jacket so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket enters the first water jacket through the first water inlet and flows along the first water jacket to the first water outlet.

[0007] The second water jacket has a second water inlet on the side near the cylinder head intake and a second water outlet on the side near the cylinder head exhaust. The second water inlet is connected to the second water outlet of the cylinder block water jacket so that the coolant in the cylinder block water jacket enters the second water jacket through the second water inlet and flows along the second water jacket to the second water outlet.

[0008] Optionally, the second water jacket is disposed on the upper layer of the first water jacket.

[0009] Optionally, both the first water intake and the second water intake are provided with multiple inlets.

[0010] Optionally, the first water jacket is further provided with a plurality of intermediate water inlets, one end of the plurality of intermediate water inlets being connected to a plurality of second water inlets, and the other end of the plurality of intermediate water inlets being connected to the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket, so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket or the first water jacket enters the second water jacket through the intermediate water inlets and flows along the second water jacket to the second water outlet.

[0011] Optionally, the positions of the plurality of intermediate water inlets are aligned with those of the plurality of second water inlets.

[0012] Optionally, the second water jacket is further provided with a third water inlet, which is directly connected to the third water outlet of the cylinder water jacket, so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket can directly enter the second water jacket through the third water inlet and flow along the second water jacket to the second water outlet.

[0013] Optionally, a drag-reducing structure is provided in the first water jacket at the location where the exhaust valve of the cylinder head is installed.

[0014] Optionally, the first water jacket has multiple sets of holes, each set of holes including two vent valve holes; multiple resistance-reducing structures are provided, each set of resistance-reducing structures corresponding to one set of holes, and each set of resistance-reducing structures is disposed between two vent valve holes in the same set of holes.

[0015] Optionally, a nose bridge flow channel is formed in the first water jacket, and the nose bridge flow channel is located between the two exhaust valve holes in the same hole group; the drag reduction structure is disposed on the water outlet side of the nose bridge flow channel and forms a conical or approximately conical depression toward the nose bridge flow channel.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The engine described in this application includes a cylinder head, a cylinder block, a cylinder head water jacket, and a cylinder block water jacket. The cylinder head water jacket includes a first water jacket and a second water jacket. A first water inlet is provided on the first water jacket near the cylinder head exhaust side, and a first water outlet is provided on the first water jacket near the cylinder head intake side. The first water inlet is connected to the first water outlet end of the cylinder block water jacket. A second water inlet is provided on the second water jacket near the cylinder head intake side, and a second water outlet is provided on the second water jacket near the cylinder head exhaust side. The second water inlet is connected to the second water outlet end of the cylinder block water jacket. This application achieves this by setting a first... The first water jacket and the second water jacket form a double-layer water jacket structure, which helps to improve the strength of the cylinder head structure. At the same time, by rationally arranging the water inlet and outlet, two parallel water flow paths are formed. The coolant in the cylinder head water jacket enters the first water jacket from the first water inlet and flows along the first water jacket to the first water outlet, while the other enters the second water jacket from the second water inlet and flows along the second water jacket to the second water outlet. This improves the fluidity of the coolant in the cylinder head, makes the water flow distribution more uniform, helps to improve the heat exchange capacity, ensures that the cylinder head is always maintained at a lower operating temperature, and thus improves the durability of the engine.

[0018] This application also provides a vehicle including the engine described above.

[0019] The advantages of the vehicle and the engine mentioned above over existing technologies are the same, and will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder head water jacket of an engine according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first water jacket in the cylinder head water jacket of an engine according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first water jacket in the cylinder head water jacket of an engine according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow in the first water jacket of the cylinder head water jacket of an engine according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the water flow in the second water jacket of the cylinder head water jacket of an engine according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of water flow near the drag-reducing structure in the cylinder head water jacket of an engine according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1. First water jacket; 11. First water inlet; 12. First water outlet; 13. Intermediate water inlet; 2. Second water jacket; 21. Second water inlet; 22. Second water outlet; 23. Third water inlet; 3. Exhaust valve hole; 4. Drag reduction structure; 5. Nose bridge area flow channel; 6. Cylinder head boss. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] In related technologies, cylinder head water jackets are used to cool the cylinder head, ensuring that the cylinder head temperature does not exceed its defined maximum tolerance temperature, thus making the cylinder head reliable and durable. The cylinder head cooling components are mainly concentrated in the combustion chamber and exhaust port areas. Coolant typically enters the cylinder head from the cylinder block and then connects to other cooling elements or flows back to the water pump. Cylinder head water jacket designs generally follow existing technologies, with adjustments made to the water circuit to meet the requirements for cylinder head temperature and engine cooling system evaluation indicators.

[0031] Currently, with the continuous improvement of diesel engine performance, coolant temperature is also increasing, which affects the performance of cylinder head materials. Currently, cylinder heads are typically made of cast aluminum. The higher the temperature, the greater the decrease in the tensile strength, yield strength, and fatigue strength of cast aluminum, increasing the risk of cylinder head failure and impacting engine durability.

[0032] In view of this, an engine is proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] See Figure 1 An engine includes a cylinder head, a cylinder block, a cylinder head water jacket, and a cylinder block water jacket, wherein the cylinder head water jacket includes:

[0034] A first water jacket 1 has a first water inlet 11 near the cylinder head exhaust side and a first water outlet 12 near the cylinder head intake side. The first water inlet 11 is connected to the first water outlet end of the cylinder water jacket so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket enters the first water jacket 1 through the first water inlet 11 and flows along the first water jacket 1 to the first water outlet 12.

[0035] The second water jacket 2 has a second water inlet 21 near the cylinder head intake side and a second water outlet 22 near the cylinder head exhaust side. The second water inlet 21 is connected to the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket enters the second water jacket 2 through the second water inlet 21 and flows along the second water jacket 2 to the second water outlet 22.

[0036] Specifically, an engine includes a cylinder head, cylinder block, cylinder head water jacket, and cylinder block water jacket. The cylinder block is the main frame of the engine, providing support and protection for the cylinders and other components. The cylinder head covers the cylinder block and is sealed to it, enclosing the upper space of the cylinders. The cylinder head water jacket is a cavity channel formed inside the cylinder head, allowing coolant to flow and cool the cylinder head. The cylinder block water jacket is a cavity channel formed inside the cylinder block, allowing coolant to flow and cool the cylinder block. The cylinder head connects to the cylinder block, and the outlet of the cylinder block water jacket aligns with the inlet of the cylinder head water jacket, establishing a connection between the two. Coolant flows between the cylinder block and cylinder head water jackets, achieving overall engine cooling.

[0037] In this embodiment, the cylinder head water jacket includes a first water jacket 1 and a second water jacket 2, which are arranged in a double-layer configuration. Figure 1 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the first water jacket 1 is located in the lower layer, and the second water jacket 2 is located in the upper layer. The first water jacket 1 is provided with a first water inlet 11 and a first water outlet 12. The first water inlet 11 is located near the cylinder head exhaust side and is connected to the first water outlet end of the cylinder block water jacket. The first water outlet 12 is located near the cylinder head intake side. Therefore, the coolant in the cylinder block water jacket can enter the first water jacket 1 from the first water inlet 11, flow along the first water jacket 1, and flow out from the first water outlet 12. The flow of coolant in the first water jacket 1 is from the cylinder head exhaust side to the cylinder head intake side. Since the temperature on the cylinder head exhaust side is higher than the temperature on the intake side, placing the first water inlet 11 near the cylinder head exhaust side allows the coolant in the cylinder block water jacket to reach the vicinity of the exhaust passage first for cooling, which helps to quickly cool the cylinder head exhaust side.

[0038] The second water jacket 2 is provided with a second water inlet 21 and a second water outlet 22. The second water inlet 21 is located near the cylinder head intake side and is connected to the second water outlet end of the cylinder block water jacket. The second water outlet 22 is located near the cylinder head exhaust side. Therefore, the coolant in the cylinder block water jacket can enter the second water jacket 2 from the second water inlet 21, flow along the second water jacket 2, and flow out from the second water outlet 22. The flow of coolant in the second water jacket 2 is from the cylinder head intake side to the cylinder head exhaust side, which is opposite to the flow direction of coolant in the first water jacket 1.

[0039] Because the coolant is at a low temperature when it first enters the first water jacket 1 or the second water jacket 2, as it flows through the first water jacket 1 or the second water jacket 2, it exchanges heat with the cylinder head, absorbing heat from the cylinder head. Therefore, the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the first water jacket 1 or the second water jacket 2 will increase after heat exchange; that is, the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the first water jacket 1 or the second water jacket 2 is higher than the temperature at the inlet of the first water jacket 1 or the second water jacket 2. In this application, the second water inlet 21 of the second water jacket 2 is located near the intake side of the cylinder head. The flow direction of the coolant in the second water jacket 2 is opposite to that in the first water jacket 1, flowing from the intake side of the cylinder head to the exhaust side. This allows the intake side of the cylinder head to also receive coolant at a lower temperature. In this way, the distribution of cooling flow on the cylinder head is more reasonable, avoiding the problems of insufficient cooling on the intake side of the cylinder head and large temperature differences in different parts of the cylinder head, thus helping to achieve uniform cooling of the cylinder head.

[0040] The first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are arranged in an upper and lower layer to form a double-layer water jacket structure. Since the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are both cavity flow channels formed inside the cylinder head, the unconnected parts between the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are separated by the cylinder head material. This separation area forms a partition-like structure inside the cylinder head, which enhances the support of the cylinder head. Therefore, the double-layer water jacket structure provided in this embodiment increases the structural strength of the entire cylinder head compared with the existing single-layer water jacket structure. Furthermore, by rationally arranging the water inlets and outlets of the upper and lower water jackets, two parallel water flow paths are formed: one path flows out from the first outlet of the cylinder block water jacket, enters the first water jacket 1 through the first water inlet 11, flows along the first water jacket 1, and then flows out from the first outlet 12; the other path flows out from the second outlet of the cylinder block water jacket, enters the second water jacket 2 through the second water inlet 21, flows along the second water jacket 2, and then flows out from the second outlet 22. The parallel water path arrangement makes the coolant flow distribution on the cylinder head more uniform, avoiding the problem of large temperature differences in different parts of the cylinder head. At the same time, it improves the fluidity of the coolant in the cylinder head, enhances the heat exchange capacity of the water jacket structure, and enables the cylinder head to always maintain a low operating temperature. This helps to reduce the wear of internal moving parts during cold starts, improve engine performance and service life.

[0041] Optionally, both the first water intake 11 and the second water intake 21 are provided with multiple inlets.

[0042] Specifically, the first water inlet 11 can be configured in multiple ways, so that when the first water jacket 1 is filled with water, multiple inlets can flow in simultaneously, reducing water inlet resistance, improving water inlet efficiency, and thus improving cooling efficiency. Similarly, the second water inlet 21 can also be configured in multiple ways.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, for a four-cylinder engine cylinder head, in this embodiment, four sets of first water inlets 11 are provided corresponding to the four cylinders. Each set includes three first water inlets 11, one of which is located between the two exhaust valve holes 3, and the other two are respectively arranged on both sides of the two exhaust valve holes 3. Correspondingly, a first interface is provided at the first water outlet end of the cylinder block water jacket corresponding to the position of the first water inlet 11, and the number of first interfaces is the same as the number of first water inlets 11.

[0044] See Figure 1 As an example, in this embodiment, five second water inlets 21 can be provided, three of which are arranged between two adjacent cylinders, and the other two are arranged on the side of the outermost cylinder.

[0045] Optionally, the first water jacket 1 is further provided with a plurality of intermediate water inlets 13, one end of the plurality of intermediate water inlets 13 being connected to a plurality of second water inlets 21, and the other end of the plurality of intermediate water inlets 13 being connected to the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket, so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket or the first water jacket 1 enters the second water jacket 2 through the intermediate water inlets 13 and flows along the second water jacket 2 to the second water outlet 22.

[0046] Specifically, since the second water jacket 2 is located on the upper layer of the first water jacket 1, in order to facilitate the connection between the second water jacket 2 and the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket, a plurality of intermediate water inlets 13 are provided on the first water jacket 1. One end of the intermediate water inlet 13 is connected to the second water inlet 21, and the other end is connected to the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket. The intermediate water inlet 13 can connect the second water inlet 21 and the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket. Thus, when the coolant in the cylinder water jacket or the coolant in the first water jacket 1 reaches the intermediate water inlet 13, it can enter the second water inlet 21 and then enter the second water jacket 2.

[0047] With the intermediate water inlet 13, the second water jacket 2 can draw water from the cylinder block water jacket for cooling. Compared to drawing water only from the first water jacket 1, this allows for the acquisition of coolant at a lower temperature, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. Figure 5As shown, when the second water jacket 2 draws water from the cylinder water jacket, the coolant in the cylinder water jacket flows out from the second outlet end of the cylinder water jacket, enters the second water inlet 21 through the middle water inlet 13, and then enters the second water jacket 2 from the second water inlet 21.

[0048] Optionally, the positions of the plurality of intermediate water inlets 13 and the plurality of second water inlets 21 are aligned.

[0049] See Figure 1 The number of intermediate water inlets 13 and the number of second water inlets 21 are the same, and their positions are aligned vertically. Compared to a random arrangement, the vertical alignment shortens the connection path between the intermediate water inlets 13 and the second water inlets 21, thereby simplifying the connection structure and reducing manufacturing difficulty. Correspondingly, the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket is also provided with a second interface corresponding to the position of the intermediate water inlet 13, and the number of second interfaces is the same as the number of intermediate water inlets 13.

[0050] Optionally, the second water jacket 2 is further provided with a third water inlet 23, which is directly connected to the third water outlet of the cylinder water jacket, so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket can directly enter the second water jacket 2 through the third water inlet 23 and flow along the second water jacket 2 to the second water outlet 22.

[0051] To further improve the uniformity of water flow distribution, in this embodiment, a third water inlet 23 is also provided on the second water jacket 2. Unlike the second water inlet 21, the third water inlet 23 is directly connected to the third water outlet of the cylinder water jacket. Water can be directly drawn from the cylinder water jacket through the third water inlet 23 without passing through the first water jacket 1. The position of the third water inlet 23 can be reasonably set according to the distribution of multiple second water inlets 21. In this embodiment, the third water inlet 23 can be set on the side edge of the second water jacket 2. By setting the third water inlet 23, the water flow distribution can be adjusted to avoid dead zones in the water flow inside the second water jacket 2, thereby ensuring the uniformity of water flow distribution and improving cooling efficiency.

[0052] Furthermore, the first water jacket 1 is provided with a drag-reducing structure 4 at the exhaust valve mounting location corresponding to the cylinder head.

[0053] Specifically, the first water jacket 1 has multiple hole groups, each hole group including two vent valve holes 3; multiple resistance reduction structures 4 are provided, each of the multiple resistance reduction structures 4 corresponds one-to-one with the multiple hole groups, and the resistance reduction structure 4 is correspondingly arranged between the two vent valve holes 3 in the same hole group.

[0054] Specifically, for the cylinder head of a four-cylinder engine, in this embodiment, the first water jacket 1 has four sets of holes corresponding to the four cylinders. Each set of holes includes two exhaust valve holes 3 for installing the exhaust valves of the cylinders. Four drag-reducing structures 4 are also provided for the four cylinders. Each drag-reducing structure 4 is located between the two exhaust valve holes 3 in the same set of holes to reduce the flow resistance of water flowing through the area between the two exhaust valve holes 3 and increase the flow velocity.

[0055] Furthermore, a nose bridge area flow channel 5 is formed in the first water jacket 1, and the nose bridge area flow channel 5 is located between the two exhaust valve holes 3 in the same hole group; the resistance reduction structure 4 is disposed on the water outlet side of the nose bridge area flow channel 5, and forms a conical or approximately conical depression toward the nose bridge area flow channel 5.

[0056] Specifically, in the first water jacket 1, a nose bridge flow channel 5 is formed in the area between two exhaust valve holes 3 corresponding to the same hole group, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 The coolant enters the lower side of the nose bridge flow channel 5 from the first water inlet 11 and flows upward along the nose bridge flow channel 5. The drag-reducing structure 4 is located on the water outlet side of the nose bridge flow channel 5, i.e. Figure 6 The upper side of the flow channel 5 in the middle bridge area, and the drag-reducing structure 4 forms a V-shaped, conical, or near-conical depression towards the flow channel 5 in the bridge area, which helps to reduce the flow resistance of water at this point, so that the coolant can be smoothly divided into two paths when it reaches this point and continue to flow forward around the cylinder head boss 6.

[0057] In addition, since the cylinder head boss 6 is a solid structure, the drag-reducing structure 4 forms a recess towards the nose bridge area flow channel 5, which increases the material used at the cylinder head boss 6 and further enhances the strength of the cylinder head structure.

[0058] The engine described in this application features a double-layered cylinder head water jacket design, which is simple in structure, provides high cylinder head structural strength, and the parallel water circuit configuration improves coolant flow within the cylinder head, enhancing heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, a drag-reducing structure is partially incorporated in the lower water jacket to further reduce water flow resistance. This cylinder head water jacket design ensures the cylinder head maintains a consistently low operating temperature, helping to reduce wear on moving parts and improve engine durability.

[0059] This application also provides a vehicle including the engine described above.

[0060] The advantages of the vehicle and the engine mentioned above over existing technologies are the same, and will not be elaborated here.

[0061] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0062] It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the phrase "includes a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the element.

[0063] The technical solutions provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand this application, and the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, for those skilled in the art, there will be different forms of changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on this application. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all implementation methods here, and obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An engine comprising a cylinder head, a cylinder block, a cylinder head water jacket, and a cylinder block water jacket, characterized in that: The cylinder head water jacket includes: A first water jacket (1) is provided with a first water inlet (11) near the exhaust side of the cylinder head and a first water outlet (12) near the intake side of the cylinder head. The first water inlet (11) is connected to the first water outlet end of the cylinder water jacket so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket enters the first water jacket (1) through the first water inlet (11) and flows along the first water jacket (1) to the first water outlet (12). The second water jacket (2) has a second water inlet (21) near the cylinder head intake side and a second water outlet (22) near the cylinder head exhaust side. The second water inlet (21) is connected to the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket enters the second water jacket (2) through the second water inlet (21) and flows along the second water jacket (2) to the second water outlet (22).

2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second water jacket (2) is disposed on the upper layer of the first water jacket (1).

3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first water intake (11) and the second water intake (21) are provided with multiple inlets.

4. The engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first water jacket (1) is also provided with a plurality of intermediate water inlets (13). One end of the plurality of intermediate water inlets (13) is connected to a plurality of second water inlets (21), and the other end of the plurality of intermediate water inlets (13) is connected to the second water outlet of the cylinder water jacket, so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket or the first water jacket (1) enters the second water jacket (2) through the intermediate water inlets (13) and flows along the second water jacket (2) to the second water outlet (22).

5. The engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positions of the plurality of intermediate water inlets (13) are aligned with those of the plurality of second water inlets (21).

6. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second water jacket (2) is also provided with a third water inlet (23), which is directly connected to the third water outlet of the cylinder water jacket, so that the coolant in the cylinder water jacket can directly enter the second water jacket (2) through the third water inlet (23) and flow along the second water jacket (2) to the second water outlet (22).

7. The engine according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The first water jacket (1) is provided with a drag-reducing structure (4) at the exhaust valve mounting location corresponding to the cylinder head.

8. The engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first water jacket (1) has multiple sets of holes, each set of holes including two vent valve holes (3). Multiple resistance-reducing structures (4) are provided, and each of the multiple resistance-reducing structures (4) corresponds to one of the multiple hole groups. The resistance-reducing structures (4) are respectively arranged between two exhaust valve holes (3) in the same hole group.

9. The engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first water jacket (1) has a nose bridge area flow channel (5) formed in it. The nose bridge area flow channel (5) is located between the two exhaust valve holes (3) in the same hole group. The drag reduction structure (4) is set on the water outlet side of the nose bridge area flow channel (5) and forms a conical or approximately conical depression towards the nose bridge area flow channel (5).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the engine as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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