Ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire disaster of deeply-buried subway station

Abstract

The utility model discloses a subway deeply-buried station fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system which comprises a station hall layer ventilation and smoke exhaust system, an equipment layer ventilation and smoke exhaust system and a platform layer ventilation and smoke exhaust system, and the station hall layer, the equipment layer and the platform layer are communicated through airflow passages. The subway deeply-buried station fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system is reasonable in structure, the flow speed of the staircase opening of each floor of the deeply-buried station meets the standard requirement when the fire happens, and the industrial problem that ventilation and smoke exhaust are difficult when the fire happens to each floor of the deeply-buried station is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fire ventilation and smoke extraction technology in subway engineering, and relates to fire ventilation and smoke extraction systems for deeply buried subway stations. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of urban construction, shallow underground space has been fully developed and utilized, and subway stations are gradually expanding into deeper strata, with an increasing number of deeply buried subway stations being built. While these deeply buried stations have alleviated the shortage of urban underground space to some extent and provided relatively favorable conditions for construction, their greater depth has also brought about many fire safety hazards.

[0003] In fire scenarios, deeply buried stations face extreme difficulties in ventilation, severely hindering the emission of toxic and harmful smoke. The large amounts of toxic and harmful smoke generated by incomplete combustion are a key factor causing casualties. According to the current "Metro Design Code" GB50157-2013, when a fire occurs on a subway platform, it is essential to ensure that there is an effective airflow at the stairwells and escalators from the concourse to the platform to prevent the upward spread of smoke, and this downward airflow velocity must not be less than 1.5 m / s. However, for deeply buried stations, traditional ventilation and smoke extraction designs can no longer meet this requirement, mainly in the following aspects:

[0004] First, the burial depth of deep-buried stations is much greater than that of ordinary stations, and their entrance and exit paths are longer. If conventional natural ventilation methods are used, the wind resistance will increase significantly due to the excessively long ventilation distance, greatly reducing the effectiveness of natural ventilation and resulting in poor smoke extraction. Furthermore, it is difficult to ensure that the downward flow velocity at the escalator opening from the station hall to the platform reaches the standard requirement of 1.5m / s.

[0005] Secondly, most deeply buried stations have multi-level structures, including not only the common platform and concourse levels, but also several equipment levels. This results in the stairwells and escalators from the concourse to the platform being significantly longer than in conventional stations, greatly increasing the difficulty of air supply and hindering effective ventilation and smoke extraction during a fire.

[0006] Furthermore, when a fire occurs on an equipment floor, typically only the equipment floor's own smoke extraction system is activated for smoke extraction, while the tunnel smoke extraction system and tunnel heat dissipation system do not participate in auxiliary smoke extraction. As a result, the overall smoke extraction effect is unsatisfactory, and the airflow velocity at the stairwell entrance is very likely to be lower than the safe threshold of 1.5 m / s.

[0007] Furthermore, the current "Metro Design Code" and "Metro Fire Protection Design Standard" only specify a flow velocity of 1.5 m / s at escalator / stairwell entrances during platform fires, without providing detailed regulations for other fire conditions. This means that if a fire occurs on other floors, and the flow velocity at escalator / stairwell entrances cannot be guaranteed to be 1.5 m / s, smoke is highly likely to spread rapidly from the entrances to the upper floors, further exacerbating the severity of the fire and making evacuation more difficult.

[0008] Chinese invention patent application CN116499060A discloses a combined smoke exhaust system and method for the concourse and long entrance / exit passages of deeply buried subway stations. However, it only involves using the enclosed ceiling space above the long entrance / exit passages as a natural smoke exhaust duct, utilizing the chimney effect to achieve natural smoke exhaust, avoiding direct contact and mixing between upward smoke and downward air, greatly improving smoke exhaust efficiency and clarity within the entrance / exit passages. However, the technical solution disclosed in this patent document cannot solve the problem of ventilation and smoke exhaust in multi-story deeply buried stations during fires.

[0009] To address the technical challenges faced by existing buried subway stations in ventilation and smoke extraction during fires, such as difficulties in air supply, poor smoke emission, and insufficient airflow velocity at stairwells and escalators, and to ensure personnel safety and evacuation efficiency in the event of a fire, it is urgent to design a fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for buried subway stations to solve the current technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this utility model is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deeply buried subway stations. This system has a reasonable structure and is easy to operate, solving the problems of poor air supply and smoke extraction effects in existing technologies. It ensures that the airflow velocity at the stairwell entrances meets the required standards during platform fires, thus solving the industry problem of difficult ventilation and smoke extraction in deeply buried stations.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system for deep-buried subway stations, including a concourse ventilation and smoke exhaust system, an equipment floor ventilation and smoke exhaust system, and a platform floor ventilation and smoke exhaust system.

[0012] The concourse level, equipment level, and platform level are connected by airflow pathways;

[0013] In some embodiments, the station hall ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes a station hall smoke exhaust subsystem and a station hall air supply subsystem arranged along the long side of the station hall public area. The station hall smoke exhaust subsystem includes a station hall smoke exhaust duct, and along the station hall public area, a damper, a silencer, a smoke exhaust fan, a smoke exhaust fan interlock damper, and a smoke exhaust ventilation shaft are arranged in sequence on the station hall smoke exhaust duct. The station hall air supply subsystem includes a station hall air supply duct, and along the station hall public area, a damper, a silencer, a supply fan, a supply fan interlock damper, and a supply ventilation shaft are arranged in sequence on the station hall air supply duct.

[0014] In some embodiments, the equipment floor ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes an equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem and an equipment floor air supply subsystem arranged along the long side of the equipment floor. The equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust duct, and from the outside of the equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust duct, a damper, a silencer, an exhaust and smoke exhaust fan, an exhaust and smoke exhaust fan interlock damper, and an exhaust and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft are arranged in sequence. The equipment floor air supply subsystem includes an equipment floor air supply duct, and from the outside of the equipment floor air supply duct, a damper, a silencer, an air supply fan, an air supply fan interlock damper, and an air supply ventilation shaft are arranged in sequence.

[0015] In some embodiments, the platform level ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes a platform level smoke exhaust subsystem and a platform level air supply subsystem arranged along the long side of the platform level public area. The platform level smoke exhaust subsystem includes a platform level smoke exhaust duct, and along the platform level public area outwards, a damper, a silencer, a smoke exhaust fan, a smoke exhaust fan interlock damper, and a smoke exhaust ventilation shaft are arranged in sequence. The platform level air supply subsystem includes a platform level air supply duct, and along the platform level public area outwards, a damper, a silencer, a supply fan, a supply fan interlock damper, and a supply ventilation shaft are arranged in sequence.

[0016] In some embodiments, a tunnel ventilation and smoke extraction system is also included, wherein the tunnel is located on both sides and at both ends of the platform level and is connected to the platform level.

[0017] In some embodiments, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes a station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem on both sides of the platform level and an inter-tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem at both ends of the platform level.

[0018] In some embodiments, the station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem is arranged along the long side of the public area of ​​the platform level, and includes a heat exhaust and smoke exhaust pipe on the top of the station tunnel track. Along the public area of ​​the platform level, a damper, a silencer, a heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fan, an interlocking damper for the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fan, and a heat exhaust and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft are arranged sequentially on the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust pipe on the top of the station tunnel track.

[0019] In some embodiments, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an up-running tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem and a down-running tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem.

[0020] In some embodiments, the uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, which is installed along the uphill tunnel toward the ground. The uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is provided with a damper, a silencer, an uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, an interlock damper for the uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, and an uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust pavilion in sequence from the uphill tunnel toward the ground.

[0021] In some embodiments, the down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct. The down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is installed along the down-tunnel toward the ground. A damper, a silencer, a down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, an interlocking damper for the down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, and a down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust pavilion are installed sequentially from the down-tunnel toward the ground on the down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct.

[0022] In some embodiments, the up-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem and the down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem at the same end of the platform level are connected by the up-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct and the down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct.

[0023] In some embodiments, there are two sets of the station hall smoke exhaust subsystem, which are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the station hall public area to cover the station hall public area. There are also two sets of the station hall air supply subsystem, which are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the station hall public area to cover the station hall public area. The station hall smoke exhaust subsystem and the station hall air supply subsystem are respectively located close to the two long sides of the station hall public area.

[0024] In some embodiments, there are two sets of platform level smoke exhaust subsystems, which are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the platform level public area to cover the platform level public area. There are also two sets of platform level air supply subsystems, which are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the platform level public area to cover the platform level public area. The platform level smoke exhaust subsystem and the platform level air supply subsystem are respectively located near the two long sides of the platform level public area.

[0025] In some embodiments, there are two sets of equipment layer exhaust and smoke extraction subsystems, which are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the equipment layer to cover the equipment layer. There are also two sets of equipment layer air supply subsystems, which are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the equipment layer to cover the equipment layer. The equipment layer exhaust and smoke extraction subsystems and the equipment layer air supply subsystems are respectively located near the two long sides of the station equipment layer.

[0026] In some embodiments, the airflow path between the concourse level, equipment level, and platform level is the stairwell or escalator entrance.

[0027] In some embodiments, the number of device layers is greater than or equal to one.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0029] The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations provided by this utility model has a reasonable structure and is easy to operate. It solves the problem of poor air supply and smoke extraction effect in the existing technology, so that the flow velocity at the stairwell and escalator entrances of each floor of the deep-buried station meets the standard requirements during a fire, thus solving the industry problem of difficult ventilation and smoke extraction during a fire in each floor of the deep-buried station. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The advantages of this invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are merely illustrative and do not limit the invention, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deeply buried subway stations described in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0033] The embodiments described herein are specific implementations of this utility model, used to illustrate the concept of this utility model. They are all illustrative and exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the implementation methods or scope of this utility model. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can employ other obvious technical solutions based on the content disclosed in the claims and specification of this application. These technical solutions include those that make any obvious substitutions and modifications to the embodiments described herein.

[0034] The accompanying drawings in this specification are schematic diagrams used to illustrate the concept of this utility model, and schematically show the shapes of the various parts and their interrelationships. Please note that, in order to clearly show the structure of the components of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings are not drawn to the same scale. The same reference numerals are used to indicate the same parts.

[0035] Figure 1 In the embodiments shown, the naming rules for component reference numerals are as follows: letter + number - n, where n is a positive integer.

[0036] Among them, the first letter A represents public area fans (including supply air fans and smoke exhaust fans in the platform level, concourse level, and equipment level); the first letter B represents heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans; the first letter C represents tunnel supply air and smoke exhaust fans; the first letter D represents smoke exhaust valves or supply air valves (including smoke exhaust fan interlock valves, supply air fan interlock valves, heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fan interlock valves, and supply air and smoke exhaust fan interlock valves); the first letter E represents smoke exhaust shafts or supply air shafts (including exhaust and smoke exhaust shafts, heat exhaust and smoke exhaust shafts, and tunnel supply air and smoke exhaust shafts); the first letter F represents silencers; the first letter G represents smoke exhaust ducts (including station concourse level smoke exhaust ducts, equipment level exhaust and smoke exhaust ducts, platform level smoke exhaust ducts, station tunnel track top heat exhaust and smoke exhaust ducts, and tunnel supply air and smoke exhaust ducts); and the first letter H represents air valves.

[0037] The meanings of the numbers immediately following the letters are as follows: 1-n belong to the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, 2-n belong to the station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem, 3-n belong to the platform ventilation and smoke exhaust system, 4-n belong to the concourse ventilation and smoke exhaust system, and 5-n belong to the equipment floor ventilation and smoke exhaust system.

[0038] The fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system for a deep-buried subway station in this embodiment includes a concourse ventilation and smoke exhaust system, an equipment floor ventilation and smoke exhaust system, a platform floor ventilation and smoke exhaust system, and a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system.

[0039] Figure 1 In the middle, the first underground floor is the concourse level, the Nth underground floor is the platform level, and the other floors are equipment levels. The concourse level, equipment level and platform level are connected by stairwells and escalators. The tunnel is located on both sides and at both ends of the platform level and is connected to the platform level.

[0040] The ventilation and smoke exhaust system of the station hall in this embodiment is equipped with two sets of station hall smoke exhaust subsystems and two sets of station hall air supply subsystems. The two sets of station hall smoke exhaust subsystems are set opposite each other along the long side of the station hall public area, and the two sets of station hall air supply subsystems are set opposite each other along the long side of the station hall public area. The station hall smoke exhaust subsystems and station hall air supply subsystems are respectively close to the two long sides of the station hall public area.

[0041] One of the station hall smoke exhaust subsystems includes station hall smoke exhaust duct G4-2, with a series of components installed along the public area of ​​the station hall, including air valve H4-2-1, silencer F4-2, smoke exhaust fan A4-2, smoke exhaust fan interlock air valve D4-2, and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft E4-2. The other station hall smoke exhaust subsystem includes station hall smoke exhaust duct G4-4, with a series of components installed along the public area of ​​the station hall, including air valve H4-4-1, silencer F4-4, smoke exhaust fan A4-4, smoke exhaust fan interlock air valve D4-4, and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft E4-4.

[0042] One set of station concourse air supply subsystems includes station concourse air supply duct G4-1, with air valve H4-1-1, silencer F4-1, air supply fan A4-1, air supply fan interlocking air valve D4-1, and air supply ventilation shaft E4-1 installed sequentially along the station concourse public area. The other set of station concourse air supply subsystems includes station concourse air supply duct G4-3, with air valve H4-3-1, silencer F4-3, air supply fan A4-3, air supply fan interlocking air valve D4-3, and air supply ventilation shaft E4-3 installed sequentially along the station concourse public area.

[0043] The equipment floor ventilation and smoke exhaust system in this embodiment is equipped with two equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystems and two equipment floor air supply subsystems. The two equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystems are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the equipment floor, and the two equipment floor air supply subsystems are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the equipment floor. The equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystems and the equipment floor air supply subsystems are respectively close to the two long sides of the equipment floor.

[0044] One equipment floor exhaust and smoke extraction subsystem includes equipment floor exhaust and smoke extraction duct G5-2, with the following components installed sequentially from top to bottom: air valve H5-2-1, silencer F5-2, exhaust and smoke extraction fan A5-2, exhaust and smoke extraction fan interlocking air valve D5-2, and exhaust and smoke extraction ventilation shaft E5-2. The other equipment floor exhaust and smoke extraction subsystem includes equipment floor exhaust and smoke extraction duct G5-4, with the following components installed sequentially from top to bottom: air valve H5-4-1, silencer F5-4, exhaust and smoke extraction fan A5-4, exhaust and smoke extraction fan interlocking air valve D5-4, and exhaust and smoke extraction ventilation shaft E5-4.

[0045] One equipment floor air supply subsystem includes equipment floor air supply duct G5-1, with air valve H5-1-1, silencer F5-1, air supply fan A5-1, air supply fan interlocking air valve D5-1, and air supply ventilation shaft E5-1 installed sequentially from the top of the equipment floor air supply duct; the other equipment floor air supply subsystem includes equipment floor air supply duct G5-3, with air valve H5-3-1, silencer F5-3, air supply fan A5-3, air supply fan interlocking air valve D5-3, and air supply ventilation shaft E5-3 installed sequentially from the top of the equipment floor air supply duct.

[0046] The platform level ventilation and smoke exhaust system in this embodiment is equipped with two platform level smoke exhaust subsystems and two platform level air supply subsystems. The two platform level smoke exhaust subsystems are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the platform level public area, and the two platform level air supply subsystems are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the platform level public area. The platform level smoke exhaust subsystems and platform level air supply subsystems are respectively close to the two long sides of the platform level public area.

[0047] One platform level smoke exhaust subsystem includes platform level smoke exhaust duct G3-2, with the following components sequentially installed along the platform level public area: air valve H3-2-1, silencer F3-2, smoke exhaust fan A3-2, smoke exhaust fan interlocking air valve D3-2, and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft E3-2. The other platform level smoke exhaust subsystem includes platform level smoke exhaust duct G3-4, with the following components sequentially installed along the platform level public area: air valve H3-4-1, silencer F3-4, smoke exhaust fan A3-4, smoke exhaust fan interlocking air valve D3-4, and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft E3-4.

[0048] One platform level air supply subsystem includes platform level air supply duct G3-1, with air valve H3-1-1, silencer F3-1, air supply fan A3-1, air supply fan interlocking air valve D3-1, and air supply ventilation shaft E3-1 installed sequentially along the platform level public area. The other platform level air supply subsystem includes platform level air supply duct G3-3, with air valve H3-3-1, silencer F3-3, air supply fan A3-3, air supply fan interlocking air valve D3-3, and air supply ventilation shaft E3-3 installed sequentially along the platform level public area.

[0049] The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system consists of two station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystems and four section tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust subsystems. The two station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystems are set opposite each other along the long side of the public area of ​​the platform level, and the four section tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust subsystems are set at both ends of the platform level.

[0050] One of the station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke extraction subsystems includes a heat exhaust and smoke extraction duct G2-1 on the top of the station tunnel track. Along the public area of ​​the platform level, the heat exhaust and smoke extraction duct is equipped with a damper H2-1-1, a silencer F2-1, a heat exhaust and smoke extraction fan B2-1, an interlocking damper D2-1 for the heat exhaust and smoke extraction fan, and a heat exhaust and smoke extraction ventilation shaft E2-1. The other station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke extraction subsystem includes a heat exhaust and smoke extraction duct G2-2 on the top of the station tunnel track. Along the public area of ​​the platform level, the heat exhaust and smoke extraction duct is equipped with a damper H2-2-1, a silencer F2-2, a heat exhaust and smoke extraction fan B2-2, an interlocking damper D2-2 for the heat exhaust and smoke extraction fan, and a heat exhaust and smoke extraction ventilation shaft E2-2.

[0051] Two sets of tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystems are set up in the uphill tunnel, located at both ends of the platform level. One set includes tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct G1-1, which runs along the uphill tunnel towards the ground. From the uphill tunnel to the ground, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is equipped with, in sequence, a damper H1-1, a silencer F1-1, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan C1-1, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan interlock damper D1-2, and a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft E1-1. The other set includes tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct G1-4, which runs along the uphill tunnel towards the ground. From the uphill tunnel to the ground, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is equipped with, in sequence, a damper H1-4, a silencer F1-4, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan C1-4, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan interlock damper D1-11, and a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft E1-4.

[0052] Two sets of tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystems are set up in the down-going tunnel, located at both ends of the platform level. One set includes tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct G1-2, which runs along the down-going tunnel towards the ground. From the down-going tunnel to the ground, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is equipped with, in sequence, a damper H1-2, a silencer F1-2, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan C1-2, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan interlock damper D1-4, and a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft E1-2. The other set includes tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct G1-3, which runs along the down-going tunnel towards the ground. From the down-going tunnel to the ground, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is equipped with, in sequence, a damper H1-3, a silencer F1-3, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan C1-3, a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan interlock damper D1-9, and a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft E1-3.

[0053] The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust ducts G1-1 and G1-2 of the two tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystems at the same end of the platform level are connected, and a smoke exhaust valve D1-6 is installed in the connected duct. Thus, in the event of a tunnel fire, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans C1-1 and C1-2 can be simultaneously activated to centrally exhaust smoke or supply air to one tunnel (either the up or down tunnel), improving instantaneous smoke exhaust capacity. Furthermore, in the event of a platform fire, if one platform door cannot be opened due to fire or other reasons, only one platform door can be opened, meaning only the tunnel fans on that side can be activated. This allows for smoke exhaust to be controlled by opening and closing the smoke exhaust valve D1-6, enabling smoke exhaust to be achieved on one side of the tunnel (either the up or down tunnel).

[0054] when Figure 1 In the event of a fire in a deeply buried subway station, the following measures must be taken for ventilation and smoke extraction to ensure a flow velocity of 1.5 m / s at escalator and stairwell entrances, meeting basic safety requirements. Specifically,

[0055] If a fire occurs in the public area of ​​the platform level, the system will automatically activate two sets of platform level smoke exhaust subsystems and two sets of station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystems to exhaust smoke.

[0056] Specifically, start fans A3-2 and A3-4, open smoke exhaust valves D3-2 and D3-4, and exhaust smoke to the public area of ​​the platform through smoke exhaust pipes G3-2 and G3-4; start fans B2-1 and B2-2, open smoke exhaust valves D2-1, D2-2, D2-3, D2-4, D2-5, and D2-6, and exhaust smoke to the public area of ​​the platform through smoke exhaust pipes G2-1 and G2-2.

[0057] The system automatically activates the ventilation subsystems at the first and second ends of the up-going tunnel, as well as the ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystems at the first and second ends of the down-going tunnel, to exhaust air. It also automatically activates the ventilation subsystems at the first and second ends of the public area of ​​the station hall to supply air.

[0058] Specifically, start fans C1-1, C1-2, C1-3, and C1-4, open smoke exhaust valves D1-2, D1-4, D1-5, D1-7, D1-9, D1-11, D1-12, and D1-13, open air valves H1-1, H1-2, H1-3, and H1-4, and close smoke exhaust valves D1-1, D1-3, D1-6, D1-8, D1-10, and D1-14 to exhaust air through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust ducts; start fans A4-1 and A4-3, open smoke exhaust valves D4-1 and D4-3 to supply air to the station hall public area through smoke exhaust ducts G4-1 and G4-3.

[0059] The system automatically shuts down all exhaust and smoke extraction subsystems and air supply subsystems on all equipment floors, as well as all smoke extraction subsystems on the concourse floor and all air supply subsystems on the platform floor.

[0060] Specifically, shut down fans A5-1, A5-2, A5-3, A5-4, A4-2, A4-4, A3-1, and A3-3, and shut down exhaust valves D5-1, D5-2, D5-3, D5-4, D4-2, D4-4, D3-1, and D3-3.

[0061] Compared with the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies, the fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system for deep-buried subway stations provided by this utility model has a reasonable structure and is easy to operate. It solves the problem of poor air supply and smoke exhaust effects in existing technologies, and enables the flow velocity at the stairwell entrances of deep-buried stations with multiple equipment layers to meet the specifications during fires, thus solving the industry problem of difficult ventilation and smoke exhaust during fires in deep-buried stations.

[0062] This utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Anyone can derive other products in various forms under the guidance of this utility model. However, regardless of any changes made in its shape or structure, any technical solution that is the same as or similar to this application falls within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deeply buried subway stations, characterized in that: This includes ventilation and smoke exhaust systems for the concourse, equipment, and platforms. The concourse level, equipment level, and platform level are connected by airflow pathways; The station concourse ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes a station concourse smoke exhaust subsystem and a station concourse air supply subsystem, both installed along the long side of the station concourse public area. The station concourse smoke exhaust subsystem includes a station concourse smoke exhaust duct, on which, along the station concourse public area outwards, are sequentially installed a damper, a silencer, a smoke exhaust fan, a smoke exhaust fan interlocking damper, and a smoke exhaust ventilation shaft. The station concourse air supply subsystem includes a station concourse air supply duct, on which, along the station concourse public area outwards, are sequentially installed a damper, a silencer, a supply fan, a supply fan interlocking damper, and a supply ventilation shaft. The equipment floor ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes an equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem and an equipment floor air supply subsystem, both arranged along the long side of the equipment floor. The equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust duct, with a damper, silencer, exhaust and smoke exhaust fan, exhaust and smoke exhaust fan interlock damper, and exhaust and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft arranged sequentially from the top outwards on the equipment floor exhaust and smoke exhaust duct. The equipment floor air supply subsystem includes an equipment floor air supply duct, with a damper, silencer, air supply fan, air supply fan interlock damper, and air supply ventilation shaft arranged sequentially from the top outwards on the equipment floor air supply duct. The platform level ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes a platform level smoke exhaust subsystem and a platform level air supply subsystem, which are set along the long side of the platform level public area. The platform level smoke exhaust subsystem includes a platform level smoke exhaust duct, and along the platform level public area outwards, a damper, a silencer, a smoke exhaust fan, a smoke exhaust fan interlock damper, and a smoke exhaust ventilation shaft are installed in sequence. The platform level air supply subsystem includes a platform level air supply duct, and along the platform level public area outwards, a damper, a silencer, a supply fan, a supply fan interlock damper, and a supply ventilation shaft are installed in sequence.

2. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tunnel ventilation and smoke extraction system, with the tunnel located on both sides and ends of the platform level and connected to the platform level; The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes a heat exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem for the station tunnel on both sides of the platform level and an air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem for the section tunnel at both ends of the platform level.

3. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The station tunnel heat exhaust and smoke exhaust subsystem is set along the long side of the public area of ​​the platform level. It includes a heat exhaust and smoke exhaust pipe on the top of the station tunnel track. Along the public area of ​​the platform level, a damper, a silencer, a heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fan, an interlocking damper for the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fan, and a heat exhaust and smoke exhaust ventilation shaft are installed sequentially on the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust pipe on the top of the station tunnel track.

4. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an up-going tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem and a down-going tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem.

5. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct. The uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is set along the uphill tunnel toward the ground. The uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is equipped with, in sequence from the uphill tunnel toward the ground, a damper, a silencer, an uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, an interlocking damper for the uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, and an uphill tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust pavilion.

6. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deeply buried subway stations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct. The down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is set along the down-tunnel towards the ground. The down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is equipped with, in sequence from the down-tunnel towards the ground, a damper, a silencer, a down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, an interlocking damper for the down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan, and a down-tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust pavilion.

7. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystems of the up tunnel and the down tunnel at the same end of the platform level are connected by the ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes of the up tunnel and the down tunnel.

8. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The station hall smoke exhaust subsystem consists of two sets, which are set opposite each other along the long side of the station hall public area to cover the station hall public area. The station hall air supply subsystem consists of two sets, which are set opposite each other along the long side of the station hall public area to cover the station hall public area. The station hall smoke exhaust subsystem and the station hall air supply subsystem are respectively located close to the two long sides of the station hall public area. The platform level smoke exhaust subsystem consists of two sets, which are set opposite each other along the long side of the platform level public area to cover the platform level public area. The platform level air supply subsystem consists of two sets, which are set opposite each other along the long side of the platform level public area to cover the platform level public area. The platform level smoke exhaust subsystem and the platform level air supply subsystem are respectively located close to the two long sides of the platform level public area. The equipment floor exhaust and smoke extraction subsystem consists of two sets, which are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the equipment floor to cover the equipment floor. The equipment floor air supply subsystem also consists of two sets, which are arranged opposite each other along the long side of the equipment floor to cover the equipment floor. The equipment floor exhaust and smoke extraction subsystem and the equipment floor air supply subsystem are respectively located near the two long sides of the station equipment floor.

9. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow pathway between the concourse level, equipment level, and platform level is the stairwell and escalator entrance.

10. The fire ventilation and smoke extraction system for deep-buried subway stations according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The number of equipment layers is greater than or equal to one.

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